GOKUL GLOBAL UNIVERSITY

SIDHPUR
FACULTY OF NURSING

LESSON PLAN
ON
BLINDNESS

SUBJECT: - ADULT HEALTH NURSING-II

Name of the teacher: -
Name of the subject: - A d u l t H e a l t h N u r s i n g I I

Name of the topic: - Blindness

Class/group/batch : - 4th Semester B.Sc. Nursing

Date of Presentation: -
Time of Presentation: - 12:00 Pm to 1:00 Pm

Venue: - Classroom

Method of teacher: - Lecture cum discussion method

Audio visual aids: - black board, PPT, Chart

Previous knowledge: - The group had basic knowledge regarding Blindness & its prevention.

General Objectives: -

At the end of lecture the group will acquire the knowledge about Blindness and will utilize this knowledge in
their clinical practices.
 Specific Objectives:-

At the end of lecture the group will able to:-

I. To explain about low vision.

II. To explain about definition of blindness.
III. To explain about types of blindness.
IV. To discuss about incidence of blindness.
V. To explain about causes of blindness.
VI. To explain about diagnostic measures.
VII. To discuss about blindness prevention.
VIII. To explain about management of blindness.
Sr. Time Specific Content Teaching A.V.Aids Evaluation
no. Objectives learning
activities
1. 2 Min To introduce "A person with low vision is one Lecture cum Black What do you
about low vision. who has impairment of visual discussion. board, PPT mean by low
functioning even after treatment vision?
and/or standard refractive
correction, and has a visual acuity
of less than 6/18 to light
perception, or a visual field less
than 10 degrees from the point of
fixation, but who uses, or is
potentially able to use, vision for
the planning and/or execution of a
task."

2. 2 Min To explain WHO definition of blindness Lecture cum PPT What is the
about definition -the best corrected visual acuity discussion. definition of
of blindness. in the better eye less than 3/60 blindness?
and/or visual field less than 10
degree from the point of fixation.
PPT What are
Lecture cum
3. 2 Min To explain 1. Partial blindness: the types of
about types of - have very limited vision discussion. blindness?
blindness. 2. Complete blindness:
- cannot see anything and do not
see light.
4. 5 Min To discuss about Global: Lecture cum Black What is the
incidence of - It is estimated that 180 million discussion. board, PPT incidence rate
blindness. people are visually impaired of of blindness?
them 45 million people are
blind India:
-The prevalence of blindness is
77% and 68 lakh. People are blind
as per W.H.O. statistics.
2001-02 National survey on
blindness
Main causes of blindness are as
follows:
1. Cataract 62.6%
2. Uncorrected Refractive
error 19.7%
3. Glaucoma 5.8%
4. Posterior segment
pathology 4.7%
5. Corneal blindness 0.9%
6. Other causes 6.2%
7. Surgical complication 1.2%
8. Estimated National
Prevalence of childhood
Blindness/Low Vision is 0.80
per thousand.
5. 5 Min What are 1. Congenital/ Lecture cum Black What are
the causes Developmental defect discussion. board, PPT the causes
of (Leading causes of childhood of
blindness. blindness) blindness?
-Xerophthalmia, congenital
cataract, congenital glaucoma &
optic atrophy
2.The leading causes are-
-DM, Glaucoma, vascular disease,
Macular degeneration, and
accident (such as chemical burns
or sports injury)
3. Worldwide leading causes
of blindness are-
-cataract, trachoma, leprosy
and vit-A deficiency.
4. Other causes include:-
-Blocked blood vessels,
complication of premature
birth (Retrolental fibroplasia),
complication of eye surgery
-age
-sex
-social class
-malnutrition
-occupation
6. 5 Min To explain -History collection Lecture cum PPT What are
about diagnostic -Physical examination discussion. the
measures. -Visual acuity testing diagnostic
-Ophthalmoscopy measures?

7. 5 Min Blindness The components for action in PPT

Lecture cum
prevention national programmes for the What are the
discussion.
prevention of blindness preventive
comprise the following: measures for
Initial assessment blindness?
Methods of intervention
- primary eye care
- secondary care
- tertiary care
- specific
programmes Long
term measures Initial
assessment
-Assess the magnitude,
geographic distribution, and
causes of blindness within the
country by prevalence survey.
Primary eye care
- Wide range of eye
conditions can be treated or
prevented
at grass root level by locally
trained health workers.
- They are also trained to refer
the difficult cases to the nearest
PHC or district hospital.

- Their activities also involve

promotion of personal hygiene,
sanitation, good dietary habits
and safety in general.
Secondary care:
- Involves definitive management
of common blinding conditions
as cataract, trichiasis, entropion,
ocular trauma, glaucoma.
- It is provided in PHCs
and district hospitals where
Eye depts are established.
Tertiary care
- Established in the national or
regional capitals and are often
associated with medical
colleges and institutes of
medicine.
- Provide sophisticated eye care
such as retinal detachment
surgery, corneal grafting which
are not available in the
secondary centres.
 Specific programmes
- Trachoma control
- School eye health services:
Screening and treatment,
Health education
- Vit.A prophylaxis
- Occupational eye health services

8. 5 Min To explain 1. The treatment of blindness What is the

about depends on the cause of Lecture cum PPT management of
management of blindness. discussion. blindness?
blindness. 2. Blindness due to nutritional
deficiency: It can be addressed
by dietary changes.
3. Visual impairment due to
refractive error: It can be
addressed by doing a
refraction and providing
appropriate spectacles.
4. Inflammatory and infectious
causes of blindness can be
treated with medication in the
form of drops or pills.
5. Most of people are blind due to
cataract: In these patients,
cataract surgery would, in most
cases, restore their sight.
 SUMMAY AND CONCLUSION
At the end of lecture, students have enough knowledge about Blindness. They are ableto explain about blindness,
its types, causes, diagnostic findings and preventive measures. Students are also able to practices at clinic areas.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

I) Lewis’s, “MEDICAL SURGICAL

NURSING” Second south Asia
edition
Published by Elsevier

II) Brunner and Suddarth’s, “TEXTBOOK OF MEDICAL

SURGICAL NURSING”
2nd south Asia edition,
Editors: Suresh k. Sharma, S. madhavi