Database Interaction (ADO.

Net)

Data access in Visual Basic:

(1) Direct Access Object (DAO)

The DAO was introduced in VB3.0. It connects to a database. This technology allows accessing
and manipulating localdatabases. It is used for small database like Ms Access, Dbase, and
FoxPro etc.The main drawback of this technology is that it is not designed to access remote
databases.

(2) Remote Data Object (RDO)

The RDO was introduced in VB4.0.it is designed for accessing remote databases. It is useful for
accessing data from relational database such as MS SQL and Oracle .It does not access desktop
database.

(3) Active X Data Object (ADO)

The ADO was introduced in VB6.0.It is Microsoft newest data access technology and provide
access to almost any data stored in different format. It enables accessing data from relational
and non-relational databases. It works with connected architecture. Which meanswhen you
access the data from data source, such as viewing or updating data, ADO record set is keeping
connection with the data source.

(4) ADO.NET
ADO.NET is a database technology of .NET Framework used to connect application system
(Frontend Application) and database server (Backend Application). It is a part of the .NET
Framework. It consists of a set of classes used to handle data access. It uses XML to store and
transfer data among applications, which is not only an industry standard but also provide fast
access of data for desktop and distributed applications.It works with disconnected
architecture.

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 Database Interaction (ADO.Net)

ADO.NET

Ado.Net is a technology which works between database and Frontend Application. It is used to
access database. For Example

Structure of Ado.Net

It has twocomponents:

 Data Providers
 Dataset

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Data Providers:

It is responsible for providing and maintaining the connection to the database.We can use
following data provider in Ado.Net

 Oledb (for Access Database)

 Sqlclient( for sqlserver Database)
 Oracle (for oracle Database)
 Odbc (for odbc Databse)

Data provider consist following classes (Ado.Net Core Object)

 Connection class: used to establish connection

 Command class: used to execute sql query
 DataReader Class: used to read the result set
 DataAdapter Class: interface between dataset and database.

Oledb Dataproviderconsistfollowing classes

 OledbConnection
 OledbCommand
 OledbDataReader
 OledbDataAdapter

SqlClient Dataprovider consist following classes

 sqlConnection
 sqlCommand
 sqlDataReader
 sqlDataAdapter

And same for remaining DataProvider.

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 Database Interaction (ADO.Net)

(1) Connection Object:

- This is the object that allows you to establish a connection with the data source.
- The connection object helps to identify the database server, thedatabase name, username,
Password and other parameters those are required for connection to the database

Properties
ConnectionString It stores the connection string that is passed to the connection object
at the time of creating its object
Database It stores the name of the database to which you need toconnect
State It returns the state of the connection i.e IsClose or IsOpen
ConnectionTimeOut Gets the time to wait while trying to establish a connection before
terminating the attempt and generating an error.
Methods

Open It opens the connection

Close It closes the connection
BeginTransaction It creates the transaction object

(2) Command Object:

- It uses the connection object to execute SQL queries.
- The queries can be in the Form of Inline text, Stored Procedures or direct Table access.
- If a select query is issued, the result set it returns is usually stored in either a DataSet or a
DataReader object.

Properties:
Property Description
Connection To set connection object
CommandText It specifies SQL Statement or the name of the Stored Procedure.
CommandType This property indicates how the CommandText property should be
interpreted. The possible values are:
 Text (T-SQL Statement)
 StoredProcedure (Stored Procedure Name)
 TableDirect
ConnectionTimeOut Gets the time to wait while trying to establish a connection before
terminating the attempt and generating an error.
Methods
Method Description
ExecuteNonQuery Used to execute an SQL statement and returns the no. of rows
affectedby the given statement. Return type of this method is int
ExecuteScalar Used to execute an SQL statement and return a single value.
ExecuteReader Used to execute a select a statement and return the rows returned by
the select statement as a DataReader.

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 Database Interaction (ADO.Net)

(3) DataAdapter:

- It acts as a bridge between the DataSet and the database. This helps the Dataset to contain
data from multiple databases or other data source.
-It has commands like Select (retrieve data from the database) and Insert, Update and Delete
(Used to send changes to the data in dataset to database).

Properties
Property Description
SelectCommand Used to hold a command that retrieve data from the data source.
InsertCommand Used to hold a command that insert data into the data source.
UpdateCommand Used to hold a command that updates data to the data source.
DeleteCommand Used to hold a command that delete data from the data source.
CommandType This property indicates how the CommandText property should be
interpreted. The possible values are:
 Text (T-SQL Statement)
 StoredProcedure (Stored Procedure Name)
 TableDirect
Methods
Method Description
Fill It is used to populate a dataset object with the data that the
DataAdapter object retrieve from the data and store using its
SelectCommand.
Update It is used to update the database according to the changes that are
made in the Dataset

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(4) DataReader:

-It is used to read data from database.It reads data in read-forward only manner.
- It is working on connected mode.
- It is an alternative to the Dataset and DataAdapter combination.
-It is faster than DataSet.
- The Command.ExecuteReader method creates and returns a DataReader object
Properties
Property Description
FieldCount It is used to get the number of columns in the current row.
HasRows It is used to get a value that indicates whether the SqlDataReader contains
one or more rows.
IsClosed It is used to retrieve a boolean value that indicates whether the specified
SqlDataReader instance has been closed
Item It is used to get the value of the specified column
RecordsAffected It is used to get the number of rows changed, inserted or deleted by
execution of the Transact-SQL statement
Methods:
Method Description
Read() It is used to read record from the SQL Server database

Close() It is used to closes the SqlDataReader object

GetName(index) It is used to get the name of the specified column

GetSchemaTable() It is used to get a DataTable that describes the column metadata

of the SqlDataReader
GetValue(Index) It is used to get the value of the specified column

GetValues It is used to populate an array of objects

NextResult() It is used to get the next result, when reading the
results of SQL statements
Example: Login Form,Display Data According to ID

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DataSet:

 It is disconnected architecture that means there is no need to active connections during

 work with dataset.
 It is a collection of DataTables and Relation between tables. It is in memory representation
 of Data. It can be considered as a local copy of the portions of the database. It is persisted
 in memory and it can be manipulated and updated independent of the database.
 When the use of this dataset is finished, changes can be made back to the central the
 database for updating.
 Dataset class resides in System. Data Namespace.
 Example: Dispdata()
Try
cmd.CommandText = "select * from tblstudent order by id"
Dim da AsNewSqlDataAdapter(cmd)
ds = NewDataSet
da.Fill(ds, "tblstudent")
DataGridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables("tblstudent")
Catch ex AsException
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message)
EndTry

Differences between DataSet and DataReader

DataSet DataReader

It is disconnected object and can provide It is connected object and can not provide

access to data even when connection to access to data when connection to database
Database was closed. Was closed.

It can store data from multiple tables It can store data from only one table.

It allows insert, update and delete on data It is read only and it doesn’t allow insert,
Update and delete on data.

It allows navigation between record either It allows only forward navigation that also
Forward or backward. Only to immediate next record.

It can contain multiple records. It can contain only one record at a time.

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All the data of a dataset will be on client All the data of a DataReader will be on
server and one record at a time is retrieved
and stored in DataReader when you call the
Read() method of datareader.

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Design of the form

Source Code:

Imports System.Data.SqlClient
PublicClassfrmuserinfo7
Dim con AsNewSqlConnection
Dim cmd AsNewSqlCommand
Dim intid AsInteger
PrivateSub frmuserinfo7_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As
System.EventArgs) HandlesMyBase.Load
Try
con.ConnectionString = "Data
Source=.\SQLEXPRESS;AttachDbFilename=F:\NNM\Sutex_Data\SYBCA\Vb.Net\2019\Proj
ect\PrjStudent\PrjStudent\dbstudent7.mdf;Integrated Security=True;User
Instance=True"
cmd.Connection = con
Catch ex AsException
MsgBox(ex.Message)
EndTry
dispdata()
EndSub
'datepicker1.value.Tostring("yyyy/MM/dd")
PrivateSub btnsave_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As
System.EventArgs) Handles btnsave.Click
Try

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cmd.CommandText = "insert into tblstudent values('"& txtname.Text

&"','"& txtcity.Text &"','"& txtmobileno.Text &"')"
con.Open()
cmd.ExecuteNonQuery()
con.Close()
MsgBox("Record is inserted")
Catch ex AsException
MsgBox(ex.Message)
EndTry
dispdata()
clearcontrols()
EndSub
Sub dispdata()
Try
cmd.CommandText = "select * from tblstudent order by id"
Dim dt AsNewDataTable
Dim da AsNewSqlDataAdapter(cmd)
da.Fill(dt)
DataGridView1.DataSource = dt
Catch ex AsException
MsgBox(ex.Message)
EndTry
EndSub

PrivateSub DataGridView1_CellClick(ByVal sender AsObject, ByVal e As

System.Windows.Forms.DataGridViewCellEventArgs) Handles
DataGridView1.CellClick
Try
intid = DataGridView1.Rows(e.RowIndex).Cells(0).Value
txtname.Text = DataGridView1.Rows(e.RowIndex).Cells(1).Value
txtcity.Text = DataGridView1.Rows(e.RowIndex).Cells(2).Value
txtmobileno.Text = DataGridView1.Rows(e.RowIndex).Cells(3).Value
Catch ex AsException
MsgBox(ex.Message)
EndTry

EndSub

PrivateSub btndelete_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As

System.EventArgs) Handles btndelete.Click
Try
cmd.CommandText = "delete from tblstudent where id="& intid &""
con.Open()
cmd.ExecuteNonQuery()
con.Close()
MsgBox("Record is deleted")
Catch ex AsException
MsgBox(ex.Message)
EndTry
dispdata()

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clearcontrols()
EndSub

PrivateSub btnupdate_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As

System.EventArgs) Handles btnupdate.Click
Try
cmd.CommandText = "update tblstudent set name='"& txtname.Text
&"',city='"& txtcity.Text &"',mobileno='"& txtmobileno.Text &"' where id="&
intid &""
con.Open()
cmd.ExecuteNonQuery()
con.Close()
MsgBox("Record is updated")
Catch ex AsException
MsgBox(ex.Message)
EndTry
dispdata()
clearcontrols()
EndSub
Sub clearcontrols()
txtname.Text = ""
txtcity.Text = ""
txtmobileno.Text = ""
EndSub

PrivateSub btnsearch_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As

System.EventArgs) Handles btnsearch.Click
Try
cmd.CommandText = "select * from tblstudent where city='"&
txtsearchcity.Text &"'"
Dim dt AsNewDataTable
Dim da AsNewSqlDataAdapter(cmd)
da.Fill(dt)
DataGridView1.DataSource = dt
Catch ex AsException
MsgBox(ex.Message)
EndTry
EndSub

PrivateSub btndup_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As

System.EventArgs) Handles btndup.Click
Try
cmd.CommandText = "select id from tblstudent where name='"&
txtname.Text &"'"
con.Open()
Dim intdupid AsInteger = cmd.ExecuteScalar()
If intdupid > 0 Then
MsgBox("user is already exists")
EndIf
con.Close()

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 Database Interaction (ADO.Net)
Catch ex AsException
MsgBox(ex.Message)
EndTry
EndSub
EndClass

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