122 EXEMPLAR PROBLEMS – MATHEMATICS PERMUTATIONS AND COMBINATIONS 123

number of triangles can not be formed. Therefore, the required number of triangles is 12. There are 10 persons named P1, P2, P3, ... P10. Out of 10 persons, 5 persons are
(m + n + k)
C3 – mC3 – nC3 – kC3. to be arranged in a line such that in each arrangement P1 must occur whereas P4
and P5 do not occur. Find the number of such possible arrangements.
7.3 EXERCISE [Hint: Required number of arrangement = 7C4 × 5!]
13. There are 10 lamps in a hall. Each one of them can be switched on independently.
Short Answer Type Find the number of ways in which the hall can be illuminated.
1. Eight chairs are numbered 1 to 8. Two women and 3 men wish to occupy one [Hint: Required number = 210 – 1].
chair each. First the women choose the chairs from amongst the chairs 1 to 4 14. A box contains two white, three black and four red balls. In how many ways
and then men select from the remaining chairs. Find the total number of possible can three balls be drawn from the box, if atleast one black ball is to be included
arrangements. in the draw.
[Hint: 2 women occupy the chair, from 1 to 4 in 4P2 ways and 3 men occupy the [Hint: Required number of ways = 3C1 × 6C2 + 3C2 × 6C2 + 3C3.]
remaining chairs in 6P3 ways.]
15. If nCr – 1 = 36, nCr = 84 and nCr + 1 = 126, then find rC2.
2. If the letters of the word RACHIT are arranged in all possible ways as listed in
n n
dictionary. Then what is the rank of the word RACHIT ? Cr Cr
[Hint: Form equation using n
and n to find the value of r.]
[Hint: In each case number of words beginning with A, C, H, I is 5!] Cr +1 C r –1
3. A candidate is required to answer 7 questions out of 12 questions, which are 16. Find the number of integers greater than 7000 that can be formed with the digits
divided into two groups, each containing 6 questions. He is not permitted to 3, 5, 7, 8 and 9 where no digits are repeated.
attempt more than 5 questions from either group. Find the number of different
[Hint: Besides 4 digit integers greater than 7000, five digit integers are always
ways of doing questions.
greater than 7000.]
4. Out of 18 points in a plane, no three are in the same line except five points which
17. If 20 lines are drawn in a plane such that no two of them are parallel and no three
are collinear. Find the number of lines that can be formed joining the point.
are concurrent, in how many points will they intersect each other?
[Hint: Number of straight lines = 18C2 – 5C2 + 1.]
18. In a certain city, all telephone numbers have six digits, the first two digits always
5. We wish to select 6 persons from 8, but if the person A is chosen, then B must be being 41 or 42 or 46 or 62 or 64. How many telephone numbers have all six digits
chosen. In how many ways can selections be made? distinct?
6. How many committee of five persons with a chairperson can be selected from 19. In an examination, a student has to answer 4 questions out of 5 questions; questions
12 persons. 1 and 2 are however compulsory. Determine the number of ways in which the
[Hint: Chairman can be selected in 12 ways and remaining in 11C4.] student can make the choice.
7. How many automobile license plates can be made if each plate contains two 20. A convex polygon has 44 diagonals. Find the number of its sides.
different letters followed by three different digits? [Hint: Polygon of n sides has (nC2 – n) number of diagonals.]
8. A bag contains 5 black and 6 red balls. Determine the number of ways in which
2 black and 3 red balls can be selected from the lot. Long Answer Type Questions
9. Find the number of permutations of n distinct things taken r together, in which 3
particular things must occur together. 21. 18 mice were placed in two experimental groups and one control group, with all
10. Find the number of different words that can be formed from the letters of the groups equally large. In how many ways can the mice be placed into three
word ‘TRIANGLE’ so that no vowels are together. groups?
11. Find the number of positive integers greater than 6000 and less than 7000 which 22. A bag contains six white marbles and five red marbles. Find the number of ways
are divisible by 5, provided that no digit is to be repeated. in which four marbles can be drawn from the bag if (a) they can be of any colour
(b) two must be white and two red and (c) they must all be of the same colour.

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 124 EXEMPLAR PROBLEMS – MATHEMATICS PERMUTATIONS AND COMBINATIONS 125

23. In how many ways can a football team of 11 players be selected from 16 players? 32. Every body in a room shakes hands with everybody else. The total number of
How many of them will hand shakes is 66. The total number of persons in the room is
(i) include 2 particular players? (A) 11 (B) 12 (C) 13 (D) 14
(ii) exclude 2 particular players? 33. The number of triangles that are formed by choosing the vertices from a set of
12 points, seven of which lie on the same line is
24. A sports team of 11 students is to be constituted, choosing at least 5 from Class
XI and atleast 5 from Class XII. If there are 20 students in each of these classes, (A) 105 (B) 15 (C) 175 (D) 185
in how many ways can the team be constituted? 34. The number of parallelograms that can be formed from a set of four parallel
25. A group consists of 4 girls and 7 boys. In how many ways can a team of 5 lines intersecting another set of three parallel lines is
members be selected if the team has (A) 6 (B) 18 (C) 12 (D) 9
(i) no girls 35. The number of ways in which a team of eleven players can be selected from 22
players always including 2 of them and excluding 4 of them is
(ii) at least one boy and one girl
(A) 16 C 11 (B) 16 C 5 (C) 16 C 9 (D) 20 C 9
(iii) at least three girls.
36. The number of 5-digit telephone numbers having atleast one of their digits repeated is
Objective Type Questions (A) 90,000 (B) 10,000 (C) 30,240 (D) 69,760
Choose the correct answer out of the given four options against each of the Exercises 37. The number of ways in which we can choose a committee from four men and six
from 26 to 40 (M.C.Q.). women so that the committee includes at least two men and exactly twice as many
women as men is
26. If nC12 = nC8, then n is equal to
(A) 94 (B) 126 (C) 128 (D) None
(A) 20 (B) 12 (C) 6 (D) 30
38. The total number of 9 digit numbers which have all different digits is
27. The number of possible outcomes when a coin is tossed 6 times is
(A) 10! (B) 9 ! (C) 9 × 9! (D) 10×10!
(A) 36 (B) 64 (C) 12 (D) 32
39. The number of words which can be formed out of the letters of the word
28. The number of different four digit numbers that can be formed with the digits 2, ARTICLE, so that vowels occupy the even place is
3, 4, 7 and using each digit only once is
(A) 1440 (B) 144
(A) 120 (B) 96 (C) 24 (D) 100
(C) 7! (D) 4C4 × 3C3
29. The sum of the digits in unit place of all the numbers formed with the help of 3,
40. Given 5 different green dyes, four different blue dyes and three different red
4, 5 and 6 taken all at a time is
dyes, the number of combinations of dyes which can be chosen taking at least
(A) 432 (B) 108 (C) 36 (D) 18 one green and one blue dye is
30. Total number of words formed by 2 vowels and 3 consonants taken from 4 (A) 3600 (B) 3720 (C) 3800 (D) 3600
vowels and 5 consonants is equal to [Hint: Possible numbers of choosing or not choosing 5 green dyes, 4 blue dyes
(A) 60 (B) 120 (C) 7200 (D) 720 and 3 red dyes are 25, 24 and 23, respectively.]
31. A five digit number divisible by 3 is to be formed using the numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 Fill in the Blanks in the Exercises 41 to 50.
and 5 without repetitions. The total number of ways this can be done is 41. If nPr = 840, nCr = 35, then r = ______.
(A) 216 (B) 600 (C) 240 (D) 3125 42. 15C8 + 15C9 – 15C6 – 15C7 = ______.
[Hint: 5 digit numbers can be formed using digits 0, 1, 2, 4, 5 or by using digits 1, 43. The number of permutations of n different objects, taken r at a line, when
2, 3, 4, 5 since sum of digits in these cases is divisible by 3.] repetitions are allowed, is ______.

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44. The number of different words that can be formed from the letters of the word 56. There will be only 24 selections containing at least one red ball out of a bag
INTERMEDIATE such that two vowels never come together is ______. containing 4 red and 5 black balls. It is being given that the balls of the same
6! colour are identical.
[Hint: Number of ways of arranging 6 consonants of which two are alike is
2! 57. Eighteen guests are to be seated, half on each side of a long table. Four
7 1 1 particular guests desire to sit on one particular side and three others on other
and number of ways of arranging vowels = P6 × × .]
3! 2! side of the table. The number of ways in which the seating arrangements
45. Three balls are drawn from a bag containing 5 red, 4 white and 3 black balls. 11!
The number of ways in which this can be done if at least 2 are red is ______ can be made is (9!) (9!) .
5!6!
46. The number of six-digit numbers, all digits of which are odd is ______. [Hint: After sending 4 on one side and 3 on the other side, we have to select out
47. In a football championship, 153 matches were played . Every two teams played of 11; 5 on one side and 6 on the other. Now there are 9 on each side of the long
one match with each other. The number of teams, participating in the championship table and each can be arranged in 9! ways.]
is ______. 58. A candidate is required to answer 7 questions out of 12 questions which are
48. The total number of ways in which six ‘+’ and four ‘–’ signs can be arranged in divided into two groups, each containing 6 questions. He is not permitted to
a line such that no two signs ‘–’ occur together is ______. attempt more than 5 questions from either group. He can choose the seven
49. A committee of 6 is to be chosen from 10 men and 7 women so as to contain questions in 650 ways.
atleast 3 men and 2 women. In how many different ways can this be done if two 59. To fill 12 vacancies there are 25 candidates of which 5 are from scheduled
particular women refuse to serve on the same committee. castes. If 3 of the vacancies are reserved for scheduled caste candidates while
[Hint:At least 3 men and 2 women: The number of ways = 10C3 × 7C3 + 10C4 × 7C2. the rest are open to all, the number of ways in which the selection can be made
For 2 particular women to be always there: the number of ways = 10C4 + 10C3 × 5C1 . is 5C3 × 20C9.
The total number of committees when two particular women are never together In each if the Exercises from 60 to 64 match each item given under the column C1 to
= Total – together.] its correct answer given under the column C2.
50. A box contains 2 white balls, 3 black balls and 4 red balls. The number of ways 60. There are 3 books on Mathematics, 4 on Physics and 5 on English. How many
three balls be drawn from the box if at least one black ball is to be included in the different collections can be made such that each collection consists of :
draw is ______.
C1 C2
State whether the statements in Exercises from 51 to 59 True or False? Also give
justification. (a) One book of each subject; (i) 3968
51. There are 12 points in a plane of which 5 points are collinear, then the number of (b) At least one book of each subject : (ii) 60
lines obtained by joining these points in pairs is 12C2 – 5C2. (c) At least one book of English: (iii) 3255
52. Three letters can be posted in five letterboxes in 35 ways. 61. Five boys and five girls form a line. Find the number of ways of making the
53. In the permutations of n things, r taken together, the number of permutations in seating arrangement under the following condition:
which m particular things occur together is n–mPr–m × rPm. C1 C2
54. In a steamer there are stalls for 12 animals, and there are horses, cows and (a) Boys and girls alternate: (i) 5! × 6!
calves (not less than 12 each) ready to be shipped. They can be loaded in 312
ways. (b) No two girls sit together : (ii) 10 ! – 5 ! 6 !
(c) All the girls sit together (iii) (5!)2 + (5!)2
55. If some or all of n objects are taken at a time, the number of combinations
is 2n–1. (d) All the girls are never together : (iv) 2!5!5!

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62. There are 10 professors and 20 lecturers out of whom a committee of 2 professors
and 3 lecturer is to be formed. Find :
C1 C2
(a) In how many ways committee : (i) 10C 2 × 19C3
can be formed
(b) In how many ways a particular : (ii) 10C 2 × 19C2
professor is included
(c) In how many ways a particular : (iii) 9C1 × 20C3
lecturer is included
(d) In how many ways a particular : (iv) 10C 2 × 20C3
lecturer is excluded
63. Using the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, a number of 4 different digits is formed. Find
C1 C2
(a) how many numbers are formed? (i) 840
(b) how many numbers are exactly (ii) 200
divisible by 2?
(c) how many numbers are exactly (iii) 360
divisible by 25?
(d) how many of these are exactly (iv) 40
divisble by 4?
64. How many words (with or without dictionary meaning) can be made from the
letters of the word MONDAY, assuming that no letter is repeated, if
C1 C2
(a) 4 letters are used at a time (i) 720
(b) All letters are used at a time (ii) 240
(c) All letters are used but the (iii) 360
first is a vowel

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