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R Program 7

The document explains various types of vectors in R, including character, complex, and raw vectors, along with examples of their creation and output. It also covers the concept of subsetting vectors, demonstrating how to access specific entries using indexing. Examples illustrate the use of different indexing methods to retrieve elements from vectors.

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9 views2 pages

R Program 7

The document explains various types of vectors in R, including character, complex, and raw vectors, along with examples of their creation and output. It also covers the concept of subsetting vectors, demonstrating how to access specific entries using indexing. Examples illustrate the use of different indexing methods to retrieve elements from vectors.

Uploaded by

karthikamohan474
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Output: [1] TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE

7.w < −c(1, 4)%in%c(1, 2, 3)

Output: [1] TRUE FALSE

Character Vector:A character vector is a group of strings. Strings in R can

contain alphabets, numbers, and symbols. In R, there are two different ways

to create a character vector either by typing string between double quotes(””)

or single quotes(”).

Examples

1. ch < −”hello, world!”

Output:1] ”hello, world!”

2. t < −c(”Sun”, ”Mon”, ”T ue”, ”W ed”, ”T hurs”, ”F ri”, ”Sat”)

Output: [1] ”Sun” ”Mon” ”Tue” ”Wed” ”Thurs” ”Fri” ”Sat”

Complex Vector: Complex vectors are vectors used to store numbers with an

imaginary component. Complex vectors are vectors of complex values.

Examples:

1. x = 4 + 3i

Output: [1] 4+3i

2. y < −2 − 2i

Output: [1] 2-2i

Raw Vector: Raw vectors basically store raw binary data that is represented

in the hexadecimal form. To save and work with data at the byte level in R,

use the raw data type.Raw vectors can be created using the raw() function.

Examples

1. x < −raw(12)

Output:

[1] 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

2.Convert character to raw

raw variable < −charT oRaw(”Welcome to Programiz”)

print(raw variable)

Output:
[1] 57 65 6c 63 6f 6d 65 20 74 6f 20 50 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 69 7a

1.8.2 Subsetting vectors

Subsetting a vector means accessing some specific entries or a subset of the

vector. We can access the elements of a vector with the help of vector indexing.

Indexing denotes the position where the value in a vector is stored. We perform

indexing by specifying an integer value in square braces [ ] next to our vector.

Examples:

1. x < −2 : 10

Output:[1] 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

x[4]

Output: [1] 5

x[c(2, 4, 8)]

Output: [1] 3 5 9

x[4 : 7]

Output: [1] 5 6 7 8

x[−4]

Output: [1] 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 10

x[c(T RUE, F ALSE, F ALSE, F ALSE, T RUE, F ALSE, T RUE, T RUE)]

Output: [1] 2 6 8 9 10

2.myvector[c(2, 5, 8)]

Output: [1] FALSE TRUE TRUE

w[2]

Output: [1] FALSE

3. t[5 : 7]

Output: [1] ”Thurs” ”Fri” ”Sat”

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