Objectives of the Lesson:

1. describe the Earth’s four subsystems; and

2. cite examples of interactions occur
between Earth’s subsystems.
 Review!

What makes Earth unique ?

What are the factors that determine the habitability of a planet?
 How much do you know me?
The Earth is made up of four subsystems called spheres.
Biosphere Hydrosphere

Ø The Earth is made up of four

subsystems called spheres.

Geosphere Atmosphere
 Geosphere
(lithosphere)

ü Solid portion of the Earth ü It develops a layer of soil with

nutrients become available to
living organisms.

ü It covers Earth’s interior

composed of rocks, minerals, ü Allows occurrence of geologic events
and landforms. that shape the earth and generate
materials need by living organisms
 70% of the planet’s surface ( 97% of
Hydrosphere which is found in the oceans).

Freshwater accounts for just 2.5% of

hydrosphere is the total the hydrosphere which includes those
amount of water on a in lakes and rivers, groundwater, ice
planet.It includes water and snow .
that is on the surface of
the planet, underground, It provides living organisms with water
and in the air. that breaks down food molecules,
generate energy during respiration
process and regulates metabolism.
 ü It contains all living things on
Biosphere earth plants, animals, microbes,
humans, insects and many other
life forms.

ü The biosphere maintains the

ecosystems.

ü it extends as far as 12,500 meters

from the surface that includes
the depths of the ocean.
Atmosphere
ü It contains water vapor and other gases which help
to moderate our daily temperatures.

ü it contains 21% of oxygen necessary for us for

respiration, 78% of nitrogen, and 1% other gaseous
such as argon, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and ozone
which are important in absorbing harmful solar
radiation.

ü It also serves as our protection from meteors by

burning it up before hitting the Earth’s surface.
Activity 2 Where Do I Belong?
The EARTH as a SYSTEM
 The Earth system is a set of all matter both living and non-living,
energy, and processes within Earth’s boundary.

The earth’s subsystems work together or interact to make the whole

earth system perfect for living organisms.

Earth’s system is powered by energy from two major sources: the

sun and the planet’s internal heat which enable numerous processes and
cycles to take place.
Earth’s spheres or subsystems interact
Below are some examples of events and the
interactions that happen
VOLCANIC ERUPTION
Volcanoes in the geosphere may cause direct and indirect
effects on the hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere.
This happens when volcanoes (geosphere) emit large
amount of particulate matter into the air (atmosphere).
These particles serve as nuclei for the formation of water
droplets (hydrosphere). Rainfall (hydrosphere) often
increases following an eruption, stimulating plant growth
(biosphere).
Acid Rain
Acid rain is any form of liquid precipitation (hydrosphere)
that contains high level of nitric and sulfuric acid. Rain
(hydrosphere) brings these acids to the Earth, acidifying
soil (geosphere) lakes and rivers (hydrosphere). Acidic
water leaches nutrients from the soil (geosphere) into the
water table (hydrosphere, making the soil less fertile for
the plants(biosphere) and the subterranean water
(hydrosphere) not potable for humans (biosphere).
Forest Fire. Forest fire (an event in
biosphere) may destroy all the plants
(biosphere) in the area. This could lead to
increase in erosion (geosphere). Increased
amount of soil entering the streams
(hydrosphere) can lead to increased
turbidity or muddiness of the water which
will affect the plants and animals
(biosphere) that live in it.
Valuing:
• THINK OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES THAT DESTROYS THE
EARTH’S PARTICULARSYSTEM. Explain your answer.

• List down two (2) activities that would show how you
will care to the earth’s system.
 Let’s synthesize
Ø The Earth is made up of four subsystems called spheres.

Ø • The Earth’s spheres include the lithosphere/geosphere

( l a n d ) , h y d ro s p h e re ( w at e r ) , b i o s p h e re ( l i f e ) , a n d
atmosphere (air).

Ø Biosphere, also termed as zone of life, maintains the

ecosystems including the life of organisms and their
interactions. It also helps in regulating the climate.
 Let’s synthesize
Ø Without hydrosphere, life could not exist because water plays a
very important role for the cells to carry out their normal functions.
It also provides habitat for many aquatic animals and regulate the
climate. Humans use water for drinking, cleaning and in industry.

Ø The Earth’s atmosphere protects inhabitants by providing warmth

and absorbing harmful solar rays. It also contains oxygen and
carbon dioxide which living things need to survive.
 Let’s synthesize
Ø Geosphere is important to life forms on Earth because it provides
ecological habitat and develops a layer of soil in which nutrients
become available to living organisms.

Ø The subsystems work together to influence the climate and trigger

geological processes that affect life on earth.

Ø Volcanic eruption, tsunami, water cycle and photosynthesis are

events that take place due to the interaction of spheres.
 Evaluation
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. What sphere is shown in the photo?

a. Atmosphere
b. Hydrosphere
c. Geosphere
d. Biosphere
Evaluation
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

2. No single living creature could exist on Earth without hydrosphere. Which of the
following statements is the function of hydrosphere?

a. Redirects the rotation of the planet

b. Absorbs and interact with harmful solar rays
c. Controls the distribution of minerals, rocks and soil
d. Sustains life forms by regulating heat on earth
Evaluation
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

3. Which sphere maintains the ecosystem?

a. Atmosphere
b. Biosphere
c. Geosphere
d. Hydrosphere
Evaluation
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

4. Which of the following best illustrates the interaction between hydrosphere and
atmosphere?

a. Flowing lava
b. Boy catching fish
c. Falling leaves
d. Evaporating water
Evaluation
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

5. Which is TRUE about the four spheres of the Earth?

a. They are all connected.

b. They have no effect with one another
c. They all exist inside the Earth.
d. They don’t affect human life.
 Evaluation
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

6. Which event shows a connection between atmosphere and

geosphere?

a. Water cycle
b. Nitrogen cycle
c. Volcanic Eruption
d. Mountain formation.
Evaluation
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

7. Which of the following best describes the relationship between

earth’s spheres?
a. Earth’s spheres has their own sets of living organisms.
b. The cow produces offspring due to the interaction of four spheres.
c. Together, these spheres support all plant and animal life.
d. Earth’s spheres are independent from one another.
Evaluation
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

8. Which is TRUE about the Earth’s atmosphere?

a. It holds water and air.
b. It comprises oceans and ozone layer.
c. It is mostly made up of oxygen and nitrogen.
d. It allows volcanic activities.
Evaluation
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

9. How does interaction happen between geosphere and

hydrosphere during volcanic eruption?
a. Volcano spews ashes and gases in the air.
b. Volcanic eruption increases precipitation.
c. Magma reaches the crater.
d. People living nearby evacuates prior volcanic eruption.
Evaluation
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

10. Which of the following describes the importance of the planet’s sub-
systems?
a. They work together to influence climate and trigger geological processes
that supports life.
b. They supply food and water for the consumption of all living creatures.
c. They bring back used minerals to Earth.
d. They work together to protect the living organisms from harmful ultraviolet
radiation.
 Performance Task
Direction: Analyze the interactions of the
spheres after the eruption of Taal volcano as
shown in the shown in the illustration. Answer
the questions below.

1. Which sphere caused the eruption?

2. What are the effects of the events in
other spheres?
3. What is its global implications?
Congratulations!

Thank you…

God bless!