Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Caraga Administrative Region
Division of Surigao del Norte

DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN SCIENCE 10

SCHOOL: CAGDIANAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL GRADE LEVEL: 10

TEACHER: LEARNING AREA: SCIENCE
TEACHING rd
JANUARY 13-16, 2025 QUARTER: 3
DATES :

I.
Objectives:
A. Explain how protein is made using information from DNA.
B.
C.

II.
Subject Matter
a. Topic: Protein Synthesis
b. Materials: Science Learner's Material 10 Module, Power point Presentation,
c. Reference: Science Learner's Material 10

III.
Learning Development
Teacher’s Activities Student Activities

A. Preliminary Activity
1. Prayer
Everyone please stand up. Let us start our day with a
prayer. STUDENT 1 please lead a prayer. Of course, Ma’am. Let us bow our
head and close our eyes. Dear
Heavenly Father, thank you for this
new day and for bringing us all
together in this classroom. Today, we
pray for guidance and knowledge as
we embark on our educational journey.
We ask for your wisdom to shine upon
us like the stars in the night sky.
Amen.

2. Greeting

Now, let's greet each other. How's everyone feeling today?

I hope you all had a great day today Good morning, Ma’am
3. Classroom Conditioning

Now, let's take a moment to ensure our classroom is ready

for learning. Please pick up any trash that may be beside or (Students will check under their seat
under your seat. Let's make sure us environment is clean and make sure everything okay)
and comfortable for everyone.

Thank you, everyone. Please have

a seat and make yourself (Students will sit in their chairs.)
comfortable.

B. Recall
Before we start our new lesson,
let’s have a quick review from
our previous lesson, the
The Endocrine System: Glands and Their Hormones. Are
you guys ready?
Yes, Ma’am

So, this is the first one What is Endocrine System?

Ma’am, the endocrine system is
composed of different glands which
secrete hormones that regulate
metabolism, growth and development,
mood, and reproduction.

Very good, next What are the functions of endocrine Ma’am, regulate body’s growth Makes
system? hormones that control your moods
Sends hormones into your
bloodstream Helps control metabolism

Ma’am, 1. Pituitary produce hormones

Very good. Explain the five (5) glands of the endocrine that stimulates growth
system and their functions. 2.Thyroid-produce hormones that
regulates body metabolism
3. Parathyroid produce hormones that
controls calcium levels in your body
4. Thymus produce hormones that
enables the body to produce certain
antibodies
5. Pancreas produce hormones that
regulates blood sugar levels

Excellent! Everyone. It seems

like most of the class have
remembered the previous
discussion, now let’s continue.

C. Motivation
Begin by asking students the key concepts from specifically
related to The Female Reproductive System and Menstrual
Cycle

D. Development of the Lesson

Our human body has a complex design. As we grow older,

our body changes in so many ways. Many changes occur
during our adolescence (age 10-19). The changes in males
are very different from those in females. One of these
differences is that girls menstruate while boys don’t. (student listen attentively)

What are the changes that are common at this stage? Ma’am, development of pubic hair and
production of gametes or sex cells and
our ability to reproduce begins at
adolescence.

Very good, the sex hormones cause these changes,

including the events that happen during the menstrual cycle
and those leading to reproduction.
Ma’am, Menstruation is a sign that a
In your own opinion what is menstruation? girl is capable of producing offspring.
The menstrual cycle is a series of
changes during which an egg matures,
and the uterus is prepared for possible
pregnancy.

Very good, It entails biological feedback system that

regulates the activities of the structures involved in the
processes.
The menstrual cycle is influenced by the endocrine system
through the complex interaction of the hypothalamus,
pituitary and gonads (reproductive or sex organs,
specifically the ovaries and testes).
The length of the menstrual cycle varies from woman to
woman but the average cycle is 28 days.
The menstrual cycle can be divided into two parts: the
follicular phase and the luteal phase.
Follicular Phase. The follicular phase starts on day 1 of
menstruation and ends with ovulation (day 14).
The brain (anterior pituitary) sends the Follicle Stimulating
Hormone (FSH) to the ovaries to signal follicles to grow
and mature. These follicles produce estrogen. Estrogen
acts on the uterus to stimulate the thickening of the
endometrium (uterine lining). When estrogen peaks, it
signals the brain to release Luteinizing Hormone (LH). This Ma’am, Ovulation occurs mid-cycle,
triggers ovulation around two weeks or so before
menstruation starts. On this day, the
In your own opinion what is Ovulation? mature egg from the follicle travels
from the ovary down to the fallopian
tube and into the uterus.

Very good, and also at any time during the egg’s journey,
sperm can fertilize it. If fertilization does not occur during
this phase, the egg continues to the uterus and dies within
6 to 24 hours.

The next one is Luteal Phase. The luteal phase includes

the day after ovulation to the day before your next period.
During the luteal phase, LH and FSH levels decrease.
Once it releases its egg, the empty follicle develops into a
new structure called the corpus luteum which produces
progesterone. If the egg isn't fertilized, the corpus luteum
degenerates and estrogen level decreases. The hormonal
changes of this phase are associated with symptoms of
premenstrual syndrome (PMS) such as pimples,
headaches, fatigue, dizziness, mood changes, bloating,
pain, swelling of the breasts, and food cravings.
 Ma’am,
The four important Menstrual Hormones and Their  Stimulates follicular growth in
Functions ovaries
 Stimulates estrogen secretion
First is Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH). What is the from developing follicles (small
function of FSH? sac containing eggs)

Very good, the second is Luteinizing Hormone (LH) it Ma’am,

Surge causes ovulation, Results in the formation of a  Thickens endometrium
corpus luteum (a structure formed as a mature egg pops  Stimulates the pituitary gland to
out of a follicle) and Triggers corpus luteum to secrete release LH causing ovulation
progesterone.  Stops FSH being produced so
that only one egg matures in a
Third is Estrogen. What is the function of Estrogen? cycle

Very good, next is Progesterone it Thickens endometrium

and Inhibits FSH and LH (luteal phase)

E. Generalization
Our human body is a complex design. Our ability to
reproduce begins at adolescence. During adolescence,
males and females change very differently; girls
menstruate while boys don’t. The sexually related change
common to both sexes is the development of pubic hair.
The periodic or regular shedding of tissues and blood from
the inner lining of the uterus is called the menstruation or
period. The follicular phase happens when the uterine
lining/walls starts to thicken with new layer of tissue. An
egg is developing in the ovary, too. Menstruation is a sign
that a girl is capable of producing offspring. The length of
the menstrual cycle varies from woman to woman but the
average cycle is 28 days. The menstrual cycle can
continue in a woman for 40 years, but it temporarily stops
during pregnancy. Our body’s chemical messengers are
the hormones produced by the glands of the endocrine
system. Endocrine glands pass chemical messages
straight into the bloodstream. Hormones affect various
processes in the body as they regulate the activity of
organs, tissues, and cells.
F. Evaluation
Directions: Read each item carefully. Write only the letter of
the correct answer for each question.
1. The ability to reproduce begins at _____.
A. adolescence B. adulthood C. childhood D. infancy
2. Menstruation is a sign that a girl is _____.
A. already menopausal. C. capable of producing offspring.
B. already pregnant. D. not capable of reproduction.
3. Menstruation is the discharge of blood from the _____.
A. fallopian tube B. ovary C. uterine wall D. vagina
4. An egg maybe released from the ovary through a
process called ____.
A. Dilation B. Fertilization C. Gestation D. Ovulation
5. What is considered as the ovulation day for regular
menstrual cycle?
A. 1st day B. 14th day C. 20th day D. 28th day
6. Which of the following produces ova and secrete
estrogen and progesterone?
A. hypothalamus B. ovary C. pituitary D. uterus
7. Hormones affect various processes in the body as they
regulate the activities of organs, tissues, and cells. Which
of the following statements is true about female hormones?
They _____.
A. act in very small amounts but estrogen must be
dominant.
B. are sometimes released by organs.
C. cause pain and pelvic cramps.
D. trigger headaches.
8. Which hormone thickens uterine lining (endometrium) in
preparation for implantation, and inhibits FSH and LH?
A. estrogen B. FSH C. LH D. progesterone
9. Which hormone helps control the menstrual cycle and
stimulates the growth of eggs in the ovaries?
A. follicle stimulating hormone
B. luteinizing hormone
C. progesterone
D. testosterone
10. In the female human reproductive system, fertilization
normally occurs in the _____.
A. cervix B. fallopian tube C. uterus D. vagina

G. Assignment:
Determine whether a positive or a negative feedback
mechanism is taking place in each example. Put a plus (+)
sign if it is a positive feedback mechanism and a negative
(-) sign if it is a negative feedback mechanism.
Prepared by: Checked by: