INDEX

Sr.no. Title Page no.

01 Computer & It's Characteristics 2

02 Practical 1 5

03 Practical 2 10

04 Practical 3 12

05 Practical 4 13

06 Practical 5 16

07 Practical 6 21

08 Practical 7 25

09 Practical 8 29

10 Practical 9 31

11 Practical 10 33

12 Microsoft PowerPoint 39

13 Microsoft Excel 45

Page | 1
 COMPUTER

A computer is an electronic device that accepts data input, processes it according to instructions stored in its memory,
and produces output. Computers can perform a wide range of tasks, from simple calculations to complex simulations, data
analysis, and communication.

DEFINATION OF COMPUTER
A computer is an electronic device which takes input from the user, processes it and gives the output as per user's
requirement.
So the main tasks of performed by the computer are:
 Input
 Process
 Output
The basic components of a computer include:
1. Central Processing Unit (CPU): The brain of the computer, responsible for executing instructions and performing
calculations.
2. Memory (RAM): Temporary storage for data and program instructions.
3. Storage Drive: A permanent storage device for data, programs, and the operating system.
4. Input Devices: Keyboard, mouse, scanner, etc., used to enter data and instructions.
5. Output Devices: Monitor, printer, speakers, etc., used to display or produce output.
6. Operating System: Software that manages computer hardware resources and provides a plat form for running
applications.

CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER
 Automatic:
 Computers are automatic machines because it works by itself without human intervention.

 Once it started on a job they carry on until the job is finished.

 Computer cannot start themselves

 They can works from the instructions which are stored inside the system in the form of programs which specify
how a particular job is to be done

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 Accuracy:
 The accuracy of a computer is very high.

 The degree of accuracy of a particular computer depends upon its design.

 Errors can occur by the computer. But these are due to human weakness, due to incorrect data, but not due to
the technological weakness.

 Speed:
 Computer is a very fact device. It can perform the amount of work in few seconds for which a human can take
an entire year.

 While talking about computer speed we do not talk in terms of seconds and milliseconds but in microseconds.

 A powerful computer is capable of performing several billion (109) simple arithmetic operations per second

 Diligence
 Unlike human beings, a computer is free from monotony, tiredness & lack of concentration.

 it can continuously work for hours without creating any error & without grumbling.

 If you give ten million calculations to performed, it will perform with exactly the same accuracy & speed as the
first one.

 Versatility:
 It is one of the most wonderful features about the computer.

 One moment it is preparing the results of a particular examination, the next moment it is busy with preparing
electricity bills and in between it may be helping an of be secretary to trace an important letter in seconds.

 Power of remembering:
 Computer can store and recall any amount of data because of its high storage capacity of its storage devices.

 Every piece of information can be retained as long as desired by the user and can be recalled as and when
required.

 Even after several years, if the information recalled, it will be as accurate as on the day when it was filled to the
computers.

Page | 3
 No IQ
 A computer is not a magical device it processes no intelligence of its.

 It has to be told what to do & in what sequence.

 It cannot take its own decision.

 No Fallings
 A Computer has no feelings because they are machines.

 Based on our feelings, task, knowledge and experience we often make certain judgments in our day today life.

 But Computer goes exactly the way which we have given the instructions.

Page | 4
 PRACTICAL - 1
Microsoft Word is a word processor developed by Microsoft. It was first released in 1983 under the name Multi-Tool
Word for Xenix system. Microsoft-Word is a popular word-processing program used primarily for creating documents
such as letters, brochures, learning activities, tests, quizzes and students' homework assignments. There are many simple but
useful features available in Microsoft Word to make it easier for study and work. That's why so many people would prefer
to convert the read-only PDF to editable Word and edit PDF in Word.

1. Type the paragraph above as it is using "Calibri font", font size 12.
Steps:
 Wite the paragraph using keyboard.

 Select the written paragraph.

 in Home Tab, Under the Font Section. Click the dropdown menu.

 Type "Calibri" to search for the Calibri font.

 Once the "Calibri" font is highlighted, press Enter.

 Click the numeric dropdown next to the font dropdown.

 Type "12" to change the font-size to 12.

 Press Enter.

Result:
Microsoft Word is a word processor developed by Microsoft. It was first released in 1983 under the name Multi-Tool
Word for Xenix system. Microsoft -Word is a popular word-processing program used primarily for creating documents
such as letters, brochures, leaming activities, tests, quizzes and students' homework assignments. There are many simple but
useful features available in Microsoft Word to make it easier for study and work. That's why so many people would prefer
to convert the read-only PDF to editable Word and edit PDF in Word.

2. Change the font type to "Lucida Calligraphy" and size to 14.

Steps:
 Select the written paragraph.

 In Home Tab, Under the Font Section. Click the dropdown menu.

 Type "Lucida Calligraphy" to search for the Lucida font.

 Once the "Lucida Calligraphy" font is highlighted, press Enter.

 Click the numeric dropdown next to the font dropdown.

Page | 5
  Type "14" to change the font-size to 14.

 Press Enter.

Result:
Microsoft Word is a word processor developed by Microsoft. It was first released in 1983 under the
name Multi-Tool Word for Xenix system. Microsoft-Word is a popular word-processing program used
primarily for creating documents such as letters, brochures, learning activities, tests, quizzes and students'
homework assignments. There are many simple but useful features available in Microsoft Word to make it
easier for study and work. That's why so many people would prefer to convert the read-only PDF to
editable Word and edit PDF in Word.

3. Align the paragraph to the right alignment.

Steps:
 Select the written paragraph.

 In Home Tab, Under the Paragraph Section. Click the right-alignment icon as shown below:

Result:
Microsoft Word is a word processor developed by Microsoft. It was first released in 1983 under the name Multi-Tool
Word for Xenix system. Microsoft -Word is a popular word-processing program used primarily for creating documents
such as letters, brochures, leaming activities, tests, quizzes and students' homework assignments. There are many simple but
useful features available in Microsoft Word to make it easier for study and work. That's why so many people would prefer
to convert the read-only PDF to editable Word and edit PDF in Word.

4. Save the file as Microsoft-word.doc in "my-documents" folder using save as option.

Steps:
 Click on the File Tab in the Toolbar.

 Click the "Save as" option from the sidebar.

 Click "Browse" option from the sidebar menu.

 A file-explorer window will pop-up.

 Type "Microsoft-word" to save the file with the given name.

 Select the "My Documents" folder in the window.

 Click "Save" button in the bottom right corner of the window.

Page | 6
5. Edit some part of your document and save again using save option.
Steps:
 Modify certain parts or perform the changes required.

 Click on the File Tab in the Toolbar.

 Select the "Save" option from the sidebar.

6. Close the file.

Steps:
• Click the red "X" button at the top right of the window to close the document.

• Alternatively, a shortcut key combination of "Alt + F4" can also be used to close the document.

7. Open this file again from office button using open option.
Steps:
 Open "Microsoft Word" from the start menu again.

 Click on "File" tab of the toolbar

 Select "Open" option from the sidebar.

 Click "Browse" option from the sidebar menu.

 Locate the file in the saved path, i.e., "My Documents" folder in the opened-up file-explorer window.

 Select the file and click "Open button" at the bottom-right corner of the dialog window.

8. Preview the created file using Print Preview.

Steps:
 Click the "File" tab from the toolbar.

 Click the "Print" option from the side-bar menu.

 The preview of the print will be shown at the right side of the window.

 It can be scrolled through to see all the pages.

Page | 7
9.Take a print of this document through print option.
Steps:
 Click the "File" tab from the toolbar.

 Click the "Print" option from the side-bar menu.

 Under the printer section, select the printer you want to use from the dropdown-menu.

 Press the print button at the top-left to start printing.

10. Create a new file using new option.

Steps:
 Click the "File" tab from the toolbar.

 Click the "New" option from the side-bar menu.

 Select a template as per the purpose of the document.

11. Select some part of your document of PRACTICAL -1 and copy it to new file created in bullet 1.
Use shortcut keys for copy and paste.
Steps:
 Select the parts of documents to be copied.

 Use the shortcut key combination "Ctrl + C" to copy the content.

 Switch to the new document window from taskbar or using the shortcut "Alt + Tab".

 Place the cursor at the position where the content is required.

 Use the shortcut key combination "Ctrl + V" to paste the copied content.

1. Highlight "Microsoft Word is a word processor developed by Microsoft".

Steps:
 Select the sentence or part of the paragraph to be highlighted.
 In the Home Tab of toolbar, under the font section. Click the highlighter icon to highlight the
selected text.

Page | 8
Result:
Microsoft Word is a word processor developed by Microsoft. It was first released in 1983 under the name Multi-Tool
Word for Xenix system. Microsoft -Word is a popular word-processing program used primarily for creating documents
such as letters, brochures, leaming activities, tests, quizzes and students' homework assignments. There are many simple but
useful features available in Microsoft Word to make it easier for study and work. That's why so many people would prefer
to convert the read-only PDF to editable Word and edit PDF in Word.

2. Search for the word "document" using find option.

Steps:
 In the Home tab, under the Editing section. Click the Find option.

 A sidebar will pop-up from left.

 Type the word to be searched in the document, i.e., "document".

 This will list all the occurrences of the word in the document.

14.Replace the word "Microsoft" with "MS".

Steps:
 In the Home tab, under the Editing section. Click the Replace option.

 A dialog box will pop-up.

 Type the word to be replace in the "Find What" field.

 Type the word to replace with in the "Replace with" field.

 Click "Replace All" to replace all occurrences of the word in the document.

NOTE: Selecting a given section or paragraph limits the search and replacement of the word in that section of the
document only preserving other parts of the document.

Result:
MS Word is a word processor developed by MS. It was first released in 1983 under the name Multi-Tool Word for Xenix
system. MS-Word is a popular word-processing program used primarily for creating documents such as
letters, brochures, learning activities, tests, quizzes and students' homework assignments. There are many simple but useful
features available in MS Word to make it easier for study and work. That's why so many people would prefer to convert
the read-only PDF to editable Word and edit PDF in Word.

Page | 9
 PRACTICAL – 2
1. Select your document by using select-all option and change the font-size of your document.
Steps:
 Use the shortcut key combination "Ctrl + A" to select all the content of the document.

 In Home Tab, under the Font Section. Click the numeric dropdown.

 Type the new font-size for the document.

 Press Enter to Confirm.

2. Underline the "Microsoft Word" using underline option.

Steps:
 Select the word to be underlined in the document, i.e., "Microsoft Word".

 In Home Tab, under the Font Section. Press the "U" icon to underline the selected text as shown below.

 Alternatively, the shortcut key combination of "Ctrl + U" can also be used to underline the selected text in the
document.

Result:
Microsoft Word is a word processor developed by Microsoft. It was first released in 1983 under the name Multi-Tool
Word for Xenix system. Microsoft-Word is a popular word-processing program used primarily for creating documents
such as letters, brochures, learning activities, tests, quizzes and students' homework assignments. There are many simple but
useful features available in Microsoft Word to make it easier for study and work. That's why so many people would prefer
to convert the read-only PDF to editable Word and edit PDF in Word.

3. Draw a line through the middle of the selected text using strikethrough option.

Steps:
 Select the word on which formatting is to be done.

Page | 10
  In Home Tab, Under Font Section. Click the "ab" icon to draw a line through the middle of the selected text.

 Alternatively, the shortcut key combination of "Alt + H + 4" can be used to perform a strike through on the
selected text.

Result:
Microsoft Word is a word processor developed by Microsoft. It was first released in 1983 under the name Multi-Tool
Word for Xenix system. Microsoft -Word is a popular word-processing program used primarily for creating documents
such as letters, brochures, leaming activities, tests, quizzes and students' homework assignments. There are many simple but
useful features available in Microsoft Word to make it easier for study and work. That's why so many people would prefer
to convert the read-only PDF to editable Word and edit PDF in Word.

4. Create small number below the text baseline of the word "Multi-Tool" using subscript (Ctrl + =)
as shown below:
Multi-Tool1
Steps:
 Select the part of the word that is to be subscripted, i.e., "1".

 In Home Tab, Under the Font Section. Click the "x2" icon to subscript the selected portion of the word.

 Alternatively, the shortcut key combination of "Ctrl + =" can also be used to subscript the selected portion of
text.

Result:
Multi-Tool1

5. Create small number above the text baseline of the word "multi-tool" using superscript (Ctrl +
Shift + "+") as shown below:
Multi-Tool1
Steps:
 Select the part of the word that is to be superscripted, i.e., "1".

 In Home Tab, Under the Font Section. Click the "x2" icon to superscript the selected portion of the word.

 Alternatively, the shortcut key combination of "Ctrl + Shift + +" can also be used to subscript the selected
portion of text.

Result:

Page | 11
Multi-Tool1

PRACTICAL - 3
1. View your document in portrait and landscape view using orientation option in page layout menu.
Steps:
 Click on the Layout tab button.

 In Page Setup section, click on the "Orientation" button to reveal a drop-down menu of the orientation options.

 Select the desired orientation to preview the document.

2. Change the color of the text using font color option.

Steps:
 Select the text whose font is to be changed.

 In Home Tab, Under Font Section. Click on the down-arrow to reveal the color options.

 Hover on the color options to preview them and click on the desired color to confirm.

3. Create a bulleted list like:

 MS-Word
 PowerPoint
 Excel

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  Access
Steps:
 Type the items/content of the list on separate lines.

 Select the content of the list.

 In Home tab, under the paragraph section. Click the down-arrow in the bulleted list icon as shown below:

 Select the desired type of bullet to apply to the selected text.

Result:
 MS-Word
 PowerPoint
 Excel

 Access

PRACTICAL - 4
1. Use the Insert > Break option to insert a page break in your document.
Steps:
 Place the cursor where a page break is needed to be inserted.

 In Insert tab, under the Pages section. Click the Page Break Button as shown below to insert a page-break and force
the content following the cursor to start on a new page.

2. Insert page number at the bottom of the page using page number option.
Steps:
 In Insert tab, under the Header & Footer section. Click the Page Number button as shown below to reveal a drop-down
menu of the available options.

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  From the options, hover over the option Bottom of Page to reveal a sub-menu of available designs.

 Select the desired design and alignment of the page index.

3. Insert a table like the following:

Roll no. Name Course Language 1
1 Sachin BCA HTML
2 Mukesh MCA JAVA
3 Suresh BBA C++

Steps:
 Place the cursor where the table is to be inserted.
 In Insert tab, under the Tables section. Click on the Table button as shown below to reveal a
grid inside the drop-down menu.
 Hover over the grid to highlight the desired number of rows and columns. The selected grid size
will be previewed in the document as a table. In this case, a 4 X 5 table is needed.

 Click on the last grid cell to confirm the table creation.

 Enter the required data in each cell.
Result:

Page | 14
 Roll no. Name Course Language 1
1 Sachin BCA HTML
2 Mukesh MCA JAVA
3 Suresh BBA C++

4. Draw the borders of the table using draw table option.

Steps:
 In Insert tab, under the Tables section. Click on the Table button as shown below to reveal drop-down menu.

 Click on the option Draw Table in the menu.

 Place the cursor where the table is needed.

 Click the left mouse button and start dragging to draw the border of the table.

 Release the click when you are happy with the size of the table.

Result:

5. Select the last row of the table and delete the entire row.
Steps:
 Select the last row of the table by clicking and dragging the cursor from first column to the last column.

 Right-click to reveal a context-menu, select the option Delete Cells.

 A pop-up menu will appear, as shown below. Select the option Delete entire row.

Page | 15
  Press the OK to confirm the delete action.

Result:
Roll no. Name Course Language 1
1 Sachin BCA HTML
2 Mukesh MCA JAVA
3 Suresh BBA C++

6. Insert some more columns to the right-side of the table.

Steps:
 Hover the cursor to the top-right of the table in which columns are to be added.

 A Plus (+) button will appear as shown below.

 Click on the Plus button, to add a new column to the right-side of the table.

 Repeat again to create more columns.

Result:
Roll no. Name Course Language 1
1 Sachin BCA HTML
2 Mukesh MCA JAVA
3 Suresh BBA C++

PRACTICAL - 5
1. Insert a picture in a file like this:

Page | 16
Steps:
 In Insert tab, under the Illustrations section. Click on Pictures button to reveal a drop-down menu.

 Click This Device, to select the image from the device.

 A file-explorer window will pop-up.

 Locate the image file in the explorer window file.

 Click on Insert button at the bottom-right of the file-explorer window.

Result:

2. Place the picture into the center of the page.

Steps:
 Select the image which is to be centered on the page.

 A layout options icon will appear at the top-right of the image.

 Click on the layout options, to reveal the layout menu.

 Click the last option In Front of Text. This will allow free-movement of the image.

Page | 17
  Place the image at the desired position in the document by selecting and dragging.

Result:

3. Add a thick red border around the picture.

Steps:
o Double click the image to open Picture Format tab.
o Under the Picture Styles section, click the Picture Border button.
o A menu of different color options will be revealed upon clicking.
o Select the desired color, i.e., Red.
o Hover over the options, Weight to reveal a submenu.
o Select the desired thickness of the border, e.g., 3pt, 1pt, etc.

Result:

4. Crop the picture 0.5 inches from the left.

Page | 18
Steps:
o Double click the image to be cropped to open Picture Format tab.
o Under the size section, click the crop button to use crop tool.

o This will reveal a black bordered crop tool.

o Click on the left black border and drag to right.
o Keep dragging until the area to be cropped turns gray.

o Hit Enter once happy with the cropped portion.

Result:

5. Change the size of the picture by pressing right click of the mouse on the picture.
Steps:
o Right click on the picture to reveal a context menu as shown below.

Page | 19
 o Select the option Size and Position.
o A Layout dialog box will pop-up, modify the Absolute Height and Absolute Width to change the size
of the picture.

Result:

6. Insert caption to the picture.

Steps:

o Right click on the picture to reveal a context menu, select Insert Caption option from the menu.

Page | 20
 o Right click on the picture to reveal a context menu, select Insert Caption option from the menu.
o A Caption dialog box as shown below will appear.

o Select a label from already available presets or click New Label button in the dialog box to create a
new label as shown below.

o Once the required label is selected, click OK to add the caption.

Result:

Practical - 6

Page | 21
 1. Insert a clip art of computer in the file using clip art option.
Steps:
o In Insert tab, under the Illustrations section.
o Click the Pictures button to reveal a drop-down menu.
o Select the option Online Pictures from the menu.

o A dialog-box as shown below will appear, search for the clip art to be inserted, e.g., table, pen, hat, etc.
o Click the funnel icon to open the filters options.

o Select the clip-art option from the filters.

o This will list the available clip arts in the dialog box.
o Click on the one that is to be inserted, and click on the Insert button on the bottom-right of the
dialog box.

Page | 22
 Result:

2. Draw a star using shapes option.

Steps:
o In Insert tab, under the Illustrations section.
o Click the Shapes button to reveal a drop-down menu of shapes.
o Select the desired shape to draw, i.e., a star under Stars and Banners section.

o Click and drag the cursor to draw the star at the desired location.
Result:

3. Draw a figure like this using smart art option and add some text in the figure.

Steps:
o In Insert tab, under the Illustrations section.
o Click the SmartArt button to open a dialog box.
o Select the type of chart to be added from the menu sidebar, i.e., Cycle.
o Select the desired format chart from the available options.

Page | 23
 o Click the OK button to insert the selected chart.
o Edit the text placeholders to enter the information.

Result:

4. Insert date & time and symbol using date option & symbol option.
Steps:
DATE & TIME
o Place the cursor where Date & Time is to be inserted.
o In Insert tab, under the Text section. Click the Date & Time button.

o A Date & Time dialog box will appear. Select the desired format of date & time from Available
Formats sections.
o Press OK to insert the date & time in the selected format.

SYMBOL
o Place the cursor where the Symbol is to be inserted.
o In Insert tab, under the Symbols section. Click the Symbol button to reveal a drop-down menu.

Page | 24
 o Click on the required symbol to insert it at the position of the cursor.
o If the drop-down menu doesn't have the required symbols, more symbols can be found by clicking the
More Symbols in the drop-down menu.

Result:
Date & Time: 1/17/2025 6:45 PM
Symbol: ∞

5. Using WordArt, write the following "THANK YOU".

Use any style you wish and give it a font size of 20 points.
Steps:
o In Insert tab, under Text section. Click the WordArt icon to reveal a menu of available options.

o Click the desired style, to insert a textbox of the selected word-art at the position of cursor.
o Start typing to edit the placeholder text of WordArt Textbox.
o Once typed, select the content of the textbox.
o In Home tab, under the Font section. Click the numeric dropdown to edit the font-size of the selected
text, i.e., WordArt.
o Click the desired font-size from the drop-down list, i.e., 20.

Result:
THANK YOU

Practical – 7

1. Insert Header and Footer using the Header & Footer option.
Steps:
o In Insert tab, under the Header & Footer section.
o Click on the Header button or Footer button to insert header or footer in the document respectively.
o This will reveal a drop-down menu of available formats & designs of headers and footers.
o Select the desired format, and start typing to edit the header or footer.
o Press Esc key to confirm.

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 Result:
Footer example:

Header example:

2. Draw a text box and insert the following text in the textbox:
"Computer is an electronic device that performs complex calculations easily."
Steps:
o In Insert tab, under the Text section.
o Click the Text Box button to reveal a drop-down menu of available options.
o Select the option Draw Text Box in the menu.

o The cursor will turn into a Plus (+) sign. Place the cursor where the textbox is required.
o Click and drag to draw the textbox.
o Click inside the textbox to edit the placeholder text.
o Start typing your content to write in the text box, i.e.,
"Computer is an electronic device that performs complex calculations easily".

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 Result:

Computer is an electronic device that performs complex calculations easily.

3. Insert Excel worksheet using object option in Insert Menu.

Steps:
o In Insert tab, under the Text section. Click the Object button.
o A dialog box will pop-up to select the type of Object to be inserted.
o Select Microsoft Excel Worksheet option and click OK button at the bottom-right of the dialog box.
o A excel worksheet will be inserted at the position of the cursor, whose data can be edited and shown
as an integral part of the MS-Word Document.

Result:

4. Create a hyperlink and attach a file to the hyperlink.

Page | 27
Steps:
o Select the text which is to be converted into a hyperlink.
o In Insert tab, under Links section. Click the Link button.
o A Edit Hyperlink dialog-box will pop-up.
o Select the file to be attached to the text in the dialog box.

o Click OK at the bottom-right of the dialog box.

Result:
Hyperlink: File-Attached Hyperlink

5. Insert Bookmark using bookmark option in insert menu.

Steps:
o Select the word or portion of the document to be bookmarked.
o In Insert tab, under the Links section. Click the Bookmark button.
o A Bookmark dialog box will appear.
o Type the name of the bookmark.

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 o Type the name of the bookmark in the Bookmark name field and click the Add button at the top-
right of the dialog box.

Result:
This is a bookmark.

Practical - 8
1. Choose the paper size for the document using size option.
Steps:
o In Layout tab, under the Page Setup section. Click on the Size button.
o A menu of available size options will appear.
o Select the desired size for the documents as per the requirement, e.g., A4, A3, etc.

2. Split the text in 3 columns by using columns option.

Steps:
o Select the text to split.
o In Layout tab, under the Page Setup section. Click on the Columns button to reveal the options menu.
o Select the desired formatting of columns, i.e., Three.

Result:

Page | 29
Microsoft Word is a word processing program used primarily features available in Microsoft
processor developed by Microsoft. for creating documents such as Word to make it easier for study
It was first released in 1983 letters, brochures, leaming and work. That's why so many
under the name Multi-Tool Word activities, tests, quizzes and people would prefer to convert
for Xenix system. Microsoft - students' homework assignments. the read-only PDF to editable
Word is a popular word- There are many simple but useful Word and edit PDF in Word
.

3. Type the following lines and give numbers to these lines using line numbers option:
Computer is a device.
Computer is a machine.
Computer is an electronic device.
Computer is very useful.
Steps:
o Select the text/content of the document in which line numbering is to be applied.
o In Layout tab, under the Page Setup section. Click the Line Numbers button to reveal the options.
o Select Line Numbering Options.
o A dialog box named Page Setup will appear, in the Layout tab, set the Apply To field to Selected Text.

o Click on Line Numbers button to open another pop-up menu.

o Check the Add line numbering checkbox and Click OK.

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 o Click OK in the Page Setup dialog box also.

Result:
1. Computer is a device.
2. Computer is a machine.
3. Computer is an electronic device.
4. Computer is very useful.

Practical - 9
1. Make the word "MS-Word" as the watermark of the document.
Steps:
o In Design tab, under the Page Background. Click the Watermark button to reveal a drop-down menu
of available options.
o Click the Custom Watermark option from the drop-down menu.

o A dialog box named Printed Watermark will pop-up as shown below. Select the Text watermark option
and enter the content of watermark in the Text field.

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 o Press OK to apply the watermark.

2. Set the background colour of the document as RED using page colour
Steps:
o In Design tab, under the Page Background. Click on the Page Color option to reveal a menu of color
options.
o Select the desired color to apply to the background of the document, i.e., RED.

3. Change the border of the page using page border option.

Steps:
o In Design tab, under the Page Background. Click on the Page Borders button.
o A dialog-box named Borders & Shading will appear.
o Select the Setting, Style and Scope of the border in the Page Border tab.
o Click OK to apply the border.

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 4. Change the spacing between paragraphs by adding space above the paragraph.
Steps:
o Select the paragraph which is to be formatted.
o In the Layout tab, under the Paragraph section. Increase the Before value in the
Spacing heading to a desired value.
o This will change the space between paragraph by adding space before, i.e., above the
paragraph.
Result:
MS Word is a word processor developed by MS. It was first released in 1983 under the name Multi-Tool
Word for Xenix system. MS-Word is a popular word-processing program used primarily
for creating documents such as letters, brochures, learning activities, tests, quizzes and students'
homework assignments.
There are many simple but useful features available in MS Word to make it easier for study and work.
That's why so many people would prefer to convert the read-only PDF to editable Word and edit PDF
in Word.

Practical - 10

1. Add a table of contents to the document.

Steps:
o Place the cursor where the table of contents is to be placed.
o In References tab, under the Table of Contents section. Click the Table of Contents button to reveal
a drop-down menu of available formats.
o Select the desired format of the content table.
NOTE: This feature works only when the headings have the pre-defined styles as provided in Home Tab in
Styles section. It allows the document to identify headings and place them in contents.
Results:

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2. Update the table of contents.
Steps:
o Click on the table of contents that is to be updated.
o Click on the small button at the top-left of the table named Update Table.

o A small dialog-box named Update Table of Contents will pop-up.

o Select the option Update entire table.
o Click OK to update the table.

Result:

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 3. Insert a footnote to the document.
Steps:
o Place the cursor where the footnote's superscript number should be displayed.
o In Reference tab, under the Footnotes section. Click the Insert Footnote button.
o A footnote will be inserted at the bottom of the page. Type the desired note or the message to be
conveyed to the reader regarding the word it is associated with.
Result:
My Footnote1 (Refer the bottom-left of the page for the footnote)

4. Insert an endnote to the document.

Steps:
o Place the cursor where the endnote's superscript number should be displayed.
o In Reference tab, under the Footnotes section. Click the Insert Endnote button.
o An endnote will be inserted at the end of the section/document. Type the desired note or the
message to be conveyed to the reader regarding the word it is associated with.
Result:

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 5. Insert an index to the document.
Steps:
o In References tab, under the Index section.
o For creating indexes, entries must be marked first that are to be indexed.
This is my footnote

o Select the words that in the document that are to be indexed.

o Click the Mark Entry button in the Index section.
o A Mark Index Entry dialog box will appear as shown below.

o Click Mark at the bottom-left of the dialog-box to mark it as entry.

o Click Close button to close the dialog-box.
o Repeat for all other words that are to be marked.
o Once the entries are done, place the cursor where the indexes must be inserted.
o In References tab, under the Index section. Click the Insert Index button to insert indexes.
o A dialog box named Index will pop-up. Click OK to confirm the insertion.

Result:
Video provides a powerful way to help you prove your point. When you click Online Video, you can paste in the embed
code for the video you want to add. You can also type a keyword to search online for the video that best fits your
document.

Keyword,46 powerful,46

6. Create labels in the document.

Steps:
o In the Mailings tab, under the Create section. Click the Labels button. A dialog-box named Envelopes
and Labels will pop-up.
o Type the content of the label in the Address field of the dialog-box.

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 o Click on the options button, a dialog box named Label Options will appear.
o Select the 30 Per Page option in the Product number field and click OK at the bottom-right corner
of the dialog box.

o Click New Document in the Envelopes and Labels dialog-box to create the 30 Labels in a new
document.

Result:

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 M y La b e l M y La b e l M y La b e l
S u b -d e t a i l s o f m y l a b e l S u b -d e t a i l s o f m y l a b e l S u b -d e t a i l s

M y La b e l M y La b e l M y La b e l
S u b -d e t a i l s o f m y l a b e l S u b -d e t a i l s o f m y l a b e l S u b -d e t a i l s

M y La b e l M y La b e l M y La b e l
S u b -d e t a i l s o f m y l a b e l S u b -d e t a i l s o f m y l a b e l S u b -d e t a i l s

M y La b e l M y La b e l M y La b e l
S u b -d e t a i l s o f m y l a b e l S u b -d e t a i l s o f m y l a b e l S u b -d e t a i l s

M y La b e l M y La b e l M y La b e l
S u b -d e t a i l s o f m y l a b e l S u b -d e t a i l s o f m y l a b e l S u b -d e t a i l s

M y La b e l M y La b e l M y La b e l
S u b -d e t a i l s o f m y l a b e l S u b -d e t a i l s o f m y l a b e l S u b -d e t a i l s

M y La b e l M y La b e l M y La b e l
S u b -d e t a i l s o f m y l a b e l S u b -d e t a i l s o f m y l a b e l S u b -d e t a i l s

M y La b e l M y La b e l M y La b e l
S u b -d e t a i l s o f m y l a b e l S u b -d e t a i l s o f m y l a b e l S u b -d e t a i l s

M y La b e l M y La b e l M y La b e l
S u b -d e t a i l s o f m y l a b e l S u b -d e t a i l s o f m y l a b e l S u b -d e t a i l s

Microsoft Excel
What is Microsoft Excel?

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MS Excel is a spreadsheet program where one can record data in the form of tables. It is easy to analyse data in an
Excel spreadsheet. The image given below represents how an Excel spreadsheet looks like:

Excel is a part of the Microsoft Office suite software. It is an electronic spreadsheet program that features a grid of
rows and columns, making it easy to input and organize data. With 1,048,576 rows and 16,384 columns in Excel 2007
and newer versions, it can handle vast datasets without hassle. Each intersection of a row and column forms a cell,
identified by a cell reference like A1 or D2. These references help users store data, perform calculations, and link
information effortlessly.
Excel is much more than a tool for basic data entry. It enables users to create charts, analyse trends, and streamline
repetitive tasks, making it indispensable for tasks like budgeting, inventory management, and report generation. Whether
you're managing personal finances, working on a project, or analysing business performance, Excel provides the tools you
need to achieve your goals effectively.
User-Interface of Microsoft Excel
Microsoft Excel is a powerful spreadsheet application used for data organization, analysis, and calculation. Below is a brief
overview of its User Interface (UI) components:
1. Name Box: Displays the address of the active cell. You can also use it to quickly navigate to a specific cell.
2. Formula Bar: Used to view or edit the content of the active cell, such as formulas or text entries.
3. Cell: The basic unit of the worksheet where data is entered. Each cell is identified by a unique address (e.g., A1, B2).
4. Sheet Tabs: Allow navigation between different worksheets within a workbook. Tabs can be renamed, added, or
deleted.
5. Scroll Bar: Enables horizontal and vertical scrolling to navigate through large worksheets easily.
These components together provide an intuitive and efficient way to work with data in Excel.

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Excel Formulas
In Microsoft Excel, a formula is an expression that operates on values in a range of cells. These formulas return a result,
even when it is an error.
Excel formulas enable you to perform calculations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. In addition to
these, you can find out averages and calculate percentages in excel for a range of cells, manipulate date and time values,
and do a lot more.
Overview of Formula Insertion
• Choose a cell.
• To enter an equal sign, select the cell and type "=".
• Enter the address of a cell in the selected cell.
• Write the symbol for the operation to be performed.
• Enter the address of the next cell in the selected cell.
• Press Enter to perform the operation according to written formula.

Formulas Vs. Functions

There is another term that is very familiar to Excel formulas, and that is function. The two words, formulas and functions
are sometimes interchangeable. They are closely related, but yet different.
A formula begins with an equal sign. Meanwhile, functions are used to perform complex calculations that cannot be done
manually. Functions in excel have names that reflect their intended use, e.g., AVERAGE, SUM, IF, etc.

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For example,
=A2*B2 is a formula which will perform the operation of multiplying the values of cell A2 and B2 and show the result in
the cell in which it is written.
=PRODUCT(A2,B2) will also perform the same task, however it is a built-in function of Excel.
Common Functions of Excel
1. SUM Function
 Description: The SUM function is used to calculate the total or sum of a range of numbers or individual values.
It is one of the most widely used functions in Excel for adding values in a worksheet.
 Syntax: =SUM(number1, [number2], ...)
o number1, [number2], ... are the numbers or cell ranges to be added.
 Example: =SUM(A1:A5) calculates the total of the numbers in cells A1 through A5. If A1 = 10, A2 = 20, A3 =
30, A4 = 40, and A5 = 50, the result will be 150.
2. AVERAGE Function
 Description: The AVERAGE function is used to compute the arithmetic mean of a set of numbers. It sums the
selected numbers and divides the total by the count of numbers.
 Syntax: =AVERAGE(number1, [number2], ...)
o number1, [number2], ... are the numbers or ranges to be averaged.
 Example: =AVERAGE(B1:B5) calculates the average of the values in cells B1 through B5. For instance, if B1
= 10, B2 = 20, B3 = 30, B4 = 40, and B5 = 50, the result will be 30.
3. IF Function
 Description: The IF function performs a logical test and returns one value if the condition is true and another if
the condition is false. It is widely used for decision-making in formulas.
 Syntax: =IF(logical_test, value_if_true, value_if_false)
o logical_test is the condition to evaluate.
o value_if_true is the value returned if the condition is true.
o value_if_false is the value returned if the condition is false.
 Example: =IF(C1>50, "Pass", "Fail") checks if the value in C1 is greater than 50. If true, it returns "Pass";

Page | 41
 otherwise, it returns "Fail."
4. VLOOKUP Function
 Description: The VLOOKUP function searches for a value in the first column of a table and returns a value in
the same row from another column. It is useful for looking up data in a vertical table.
 Syntax: =VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_num, [range_lookup])
o lookup_value is the value to search for.
o table_array is the range containing the data.
o col_index_num is the column number to retrieve the value from.
o [range_lookup] is an optional argument for exact (FALSE) or approximate (TRUE) match.
 Example: =VLOOKUP(101, A1:C10, 2, FALSE) searches for the value 101 in the first column of the range A1:C10
and returns the corresponding value from the second column.
5. HLOOKUP Function
 Description: The HLOOKUP function searches for a value in the first row of a table and returns a value in the
same column from another row. It is used for horizontal data lookup.
 Syntax: =HLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, row_index_num, [range_lookup])
o lookup_value is the value to search for.
o table_array is the range containing the data.
o row_index_num is the row number to retrieve the value from.
o [range_lookup] is an optional argument for exact (FALSE) or approximate (TRUE) match.
 Example: =HLOOKUP("January", A1:D5, 3, FALSE) searches for "January" in the first row and returns the value
in the third row of the matching column.
6. CONCATENATE (or CONCAT) Function
 Description: The CONCATENATE or CONCAT function is used to combine multiple text strings into one.
 Syntax: =CONCATENATE(text1, [text2], ...) or =CONCAT(text1, [text2], ...)
o text1, [text2], ... are the text values or cell references to combine.
 Example: =CONCATENATE("Hello", " ", "World") or =CONCAT("Hello", " ", "World") combines the text strings into
"Hello World."
7. NOW Function
 Description: The NOW function returns the current date and time based on the system clock. It updates
automatically whenever the worksheet is recalculated.
 Syntax: =NOW()
o This function does not take any arguments.

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  Example: =NOW() might return 14-01-2025 10:30 AM depending on the system time.
8. TODAY Function
 Description: The TODAY function returns the current date without the time. It is useful for tracking dates
dynamically.
 Syntax: =TODAY()
 Example: If the current date is January 14, 2025, =TODAY() will return 14-01-2025.
9. LEN Function
 Description: The LEN function returns the number of characters in a text string, including spaces and special
characters.
 Syntax: =LEN(text)
o text is the string whose length is to be determined.
 Example: =LEN("Excel 2025") returns 10 because the string has 10 characters.
10. LEFT Function
 Description: The LEFT function extracts a specified number of characters from the beginning (left side) of a
text string.
 Syntax: =LEFT(text, num_chars)
o text is the string.
o num_chars specifies the number of characters to extract.
 Example: =LEFT("Excel", 2) returns "Ex".
11. RIGHT Function
 Description: The RIGHT function extracts a specified number of characters from the end (right side) of a text
string.
 Syntax: =RIGHT(text, num_chars)
o text is the string.
o num_chars specifies the number of characters to extract.
 Example: =RIGHT("Excel", 2) returns "el".
12. TRIM Function
 Description: The TRIM function removes all extra spaces from a text string, leaving only single spaces between
words.
 Syntax: =TRIM(text)
 Example: =TRIM(" Excel 2025 ") returns "Excel 2025".

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13. PROPER Function
 Description: The PROPER function capitalizes the first letter of each word in a text string.
 Syntax: =PROPER(text)
 Example: =PROPER("hello excel") returns "Hello Excel".
14. ROUND Function
 Description: The ROUND function rounds a number to a specified number of digits.
 Syntax: =ROUND(number, num_digits)
o number is the value to round.
o num_digits specifies the number of decimal places.
 Example: =ROUND(3.14159, 2) returns 3.14.

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Microsoft PowerPoint
What is Microsoft PowerPoint?
Microsoft PowerPoint is great presentation software designed by Microsoft sometimes abbreviated as PP or PPT.
PowerPoint is well utilized to create a slideshow of valuable information through charts, and images for a presentation. It is
commonly practiced in business and school presentations.
1. It is an absolute presentation graphics package that gives you everything needed to create a professional-
looking presentation. PowerPoint offers word processing, drawing, outlining, graphing, and presentation
management tools.
2. PowerPoint was developed by Dennis Austin and Tom Rudkin at a software company named Forethought Inc. It
was thought to be identified as Presenter, but due to trademark issues was renamed PowerPoint in 1987.
3. The first iteration of PowerPoint was released collectively with Windows 3.0 in 1990.
4. The initial version of PowerPoint only allowed slide progression in one direction, i.e., forward and the amount of
customization was somewhat limited.
5. Progressively, with every version, the program was more creative and more interactive. Numerous other
characteristics were also added in PowerPoint in the later versions which massively increased the demand and
use of this MS Office program.
6. The default file extension of a PowerPoint presentation is ".ppt".
7. It is a presentation-based program comprising slides that use graphics, videos, and other features to make a
presentation more interactive and interesting.

Launching Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation

Following steps can be followed to launch Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation in a Windows PC:

1. Click on the Start Menu

2. Go to All Programs
3. Click on MS Office
4. Click the MS PowerPoint option.
A blank presentation will be displayed on the screen. According to the requirement, one can modify the template for a
presentation and begin working on the program.

Features of PowerPoint
• Ribbon: PowerPoint has a new, intuitive user interface called the Ribbon that helps you create better
presentations much more quickly than you could in earlier versions of PowerPoint.

Page | 45
 • Live Preview: PowerPoint takes advantage of the live preview feature to review your formatting choices before
you apply them.
• Create Dynamic Presentations: PowerPoint quickly creates dynamic and great looking presentations using the
redesigned user interface and new graphics capabilities.
• Apply a consistent look and feel in one click: PowerPoint themes help you change the look and feel of your
entire presentation with just one click.
• Sharing: Another feature of Microsoft PowerPoint is the ability to share presentations with other individuals in
different locations.

Slide Views:
The group of four buttons located to the left of the Zoom control, near the bottom of the screen, lets you switch
between PowerPoint views.

• Normal Layout view − This displays page in normal view with the slide on the right and a list of thumbnails to
the left. This view allows you to edit individual slides and also rearrange them. It is also the default layout.

• Slide Sorter view − This displays all the slides as a matrix. This view only allows you to rearrange the slides but
not edit the contents of each slide.

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 • Reading view − This view is like a slideshow with access to the Windows task bar in case you need to switch
windows. However, like the slideshow you cannot edit anything in this view.

Ribbon:
The Ribbon in PowerPoint is the toolbar at the top of the application window that contains tabs and commands. It is
designed to make it easy to access tools and features for creating and editing presentations.

The Ribbon is divided into several tabs. Some of the most-commonly used tabs are elaborated as follows:

HOME TAB
The Home tab contains basic editing and formatting commands for creating and designing slides.
 Clipboard: Cut, copy, paste, and format painter options.
 Slides: Add new slides, choose slide layouts, and reset slide formatting.
 Font: Change font type, size, colour, bold, italics, underline, text shadow, etc.
 Paragraph: Adjust text alignment, bullet points, numbering, indentation, and line spacing.
 Drawing: Add and format shapes, text boxes, or objects with colours, outlines, effects, etc.
 Editing: Find, replace, and select text or objects.

INSERT TAB
The Insert tab is used to add content and objects to slides.

Page | 47
  Slides: Insert new slides or reuse slides from other presentations.
 Tables: Add tables to organize data.
 Images: Insert pictures, online images, or screenshots.
 Illustrations: Add shapes, icons, SmartArt, or charts.
 Links: Insert hyperlinks, action buttons, and bookmarks.
 Text: Add text boxes, headers, footers, WordArt, or date/time.
 Media: Add video, audio, or screen recordings.

DESIGN TAB
The Design tab is used to customize the look and feel of your presentation.
 Themes: Apply pre-designed slide themes.
 Variants: Customize theme colours, fonts, and effects.
 Customize: Adjust slide size and set background styles.

TRANSITIONS TAB
The Transitions tab is used to add animations between slides.
 Preview: Play the current transition effect.
 Transition to This Slide: Choose a transition effect (e.g., Fade, Push, Wipe).
 Timing: Set transition duration, apply to all slides, and configure automatic slide changes.

ANIMATIONS TAB
The Animations tab is for animating text, shapes, or other objects on slides.
Groups:
 Preview: Play the selected animation.
 Animation: Choose an entrance, emphasis, exit, or motion path animation.
 Advanced Animation: Add animation paths, trigger animations, or manage multiple animations.
 Timing: Set animation start, duration, and delay.

SLIDE SHOW TAB

Page | 48
The Slide Show tab contains tools for presenting slides.
Groups:
 Start Slide Show: Start the presentation from the beginning or current slide.
 Set Up: Customize slide show settings (e.g., narration, timings, or looping).
 Monitors: Configure multiple monitors and presenter view.

REVIEW TAB
The Review tab provides tools for proofing and collaboration.
 Proofing: Spell check, thesaurus, or language settings.
 Accessibility: Check slide accessibility for all users.
 Comments: Add, show, or delete comments for collaboration.
 Compare: Compare and merge changes between presentations.

VIEW TAB
The View tab is for controlling how you view and work on your presentation.
 Presentation Views: Switch between Normal, Slide Sorter, Notes, and Reading views.
 Master Views: Edit Slide Master, Handout Master, or Notes Master.
 Show: Display or hide gridlines, guides, and the ruler.
 Zoom: Adjust zoom level or fit slide to window.
 Window: Arrange, compare, or switch between multiple windows.
 Macros: Access and manage macros.

FILE TAB (BACKSTAGE VIEW)

File tab opens the Backstage View for managing files.
Options:
 Save/Save As: Save the presentation locally or to the cloud.
 Open: Open an existing file.
 New: Create a new presentation from a blank template or theme.
 Print: Print slides or notes.
 Share: Share presentations via email or cloud.

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 Export: Export the presentation as a PDF, video, or handout.
 Options: Access PowerPoint settings.

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THANK YOU

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