II: CHAPTER II

THE PRE-HISTORIC Social Welfare work in those times centered on mutual

PERIOD protection and economic survival.

THE SPANISH PERIOD During the Spanish Period the Spaniards brought the teaching
"to do good to others for the salvation of their souls".
1565-Don Miguel Lopez de Legazpi established the first
hospital in Cebu.
1882-Hospicio de San Jose was founded to house the aged and
the orphans.
1885-Asilo de San Vicente de Paul, an asylum for girls was
established.

THE AMERICAN 1899 American introduced the new educational system, new
PERIOD health methods and religious freedom.
1900-Phil. Normal School
1902 Insular Board
1905 - American Red Cross, Philippine Chapter
1907-La Gota de Leche
1910-Phil. Anti-TB Society
1913-Associacion de Damas Filipinas
February 5, 1915-PWH (Public Welfare Board)
January 1917-Associated Charities of Manila
1921-Office of Public welfare Commissioner
1922 Office of Public welfare Commissioner prepared
solicitation forms
1924-Associated Charities became independent agency
1933 Scholarship grants for professional training for Social
Work
Josefa Jara Martinez -She worked on the Public Welfare
Board and introduced the scientific approach in Social Work.

COMMONWEALTH 1940 -Department of Health and Public Assistance Service

PERIOD took over the activities that used to be performed by the
Associated Charities before it had ceased to exist.

JAPANESE Social Welfare activities during this period consisted mainly of

OCCUPATION giving medical care and treatment, as well as food and
clothing, to the wounded soldiers, prisoners and civilians.
Prominent among volunteer organizations are Philippine Red
cross, Young Women's Christian Association, and National
Federation of Women's League.

THE POST WAR YEAR 1946-Bureau of Public Welfare re-opened.

1946-UNICEF was created.
October 4, 1947-The Bureau of Public Welfare became the
Social Welfare Commission and was placed under the Office of
 the President.
August 1948-PACSA was created by Pres. Quirino.
1948-UNICEF became active in the Phil.
January 3, 1951-SWC and PACSA was fused in only one
agency which is Social Welfare Administration.

THE SEVENTIES Sept. 8, 1976- Department of Social Welfare became the

Department of Social Services and Development
June 2, 1978-Ministry of Social services and Development.

THE EIGHTIES THE EIGHTIES

Case Management was Launched.
Jan. 30, 1987-MSSD became DSWD under E.O No.
123,signed by Pres. Cory Aquino.

THE NINETIES THE NINETIES

Oct.10 1991- R.A 7160 "Local Government Code" was
passed.

R.A 4373 Social Work Law 1965

No Social Welfare Agency shall operate and be accredited unless it shall first have registered
with the Social Welfare Administration which shall issue the corresponding Certificate of
Registration.
R.A 5416 1968 Empowers the Department to:
1. Set standards and policies to insure effective implementation of public and private social
welfare programs
2. Accredit public and private institutions and organizations engaged in social welfare
activity including licensing consultative services to them.
3. Coordinate government and voluntary efforts in social welfare work to avoid duplication,
friction. overlapping of responsibility in social services.
DSWD VISION
"A society where the poor, vulnerable and disadvantaged individuals, families, and
communities are empowered for an improve quality of life"
DSWD MISSION
"To provide social protection and promote the rights and welfare of the poor, vulnerable and
disadvantaged individuals, families and communities that will contribute to poverty
alleviation and empowerment through DSWD policies, programs, projects and services
implemented with or through local government units. NGO's, People organization, other
national government agencies and other members of civil society.
SELECT SOCIAL LEGISLATION
A. Children
1. PD 603 – The Child and Youth Welfare Code
2. RA 6972 – Barangay Development and Total Protection of Children Act
3. RA 7610 – Special Protection of Children Against Child Abuse, Discrimination, and
Exploitation
4. RA 7658 – Prohibiting the Employment of Children Below 15 Years Old
5. RA 8043 – Inter-Country Adoption Act of 1995
6. RA 8044 – Youth in Nation Building Act
7. EO 340 – Providing Day Care Services for Employees’ Children Under 5 Years Old
8. RA 8552 – Domestic Adoption Act of 1998
9. RA 8980 – Early Childhood Care and Development (ECCD)
10. RA 9231 – Elimination of Worst Forms of Child Labor and Stronger Protection for
Working Children
11. RA 9344 – Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006
B. Women
1. RA 6725 – Strengthening the Prohibition on Discrimination Against Women in Respect to
Terms and Conditions of Employment
2. RA 6955 – Mail-Order Bride Act
3. RA 7192 – Women in Nation Building Act of 1992
4. RA 7877 – Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995
5. RA 8353 – Anti-Rape Law of 1997
6. RA 8505 – Rape Victims Assistance and Protection Act of 1998
7. RA 9208 – Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003
8. RA 9262 – Anti-Violence Against Women and Their Children (VAWC) Act
C. Older Persons/PWDs
1. BP 344 – Accessibility Law
2. RA 7277 – Magna Carta for Disabled Persons
3. RA 7432 – Senior Citizens Act of 1992
4. RA 7876 – Senior Citizens Center in All Cities and Municipalities
5. RA 9257 – Expanded Senior Citizens Act of 2003
D. Family
1. EO 209 – Family Code of the Philippines
2. RA 8187 – Paternity Leave
3. RA 8369 – Family Courts Act of 1997
4. RA 8972 – Solo Parent Welfare Act of 2000
E. Health
1. RA 7875 – Establishing PhilHealth Insurance Corporation
2. RA 7883 – Incentives to Accredited Barangay Health Workers (BHW)
3. RA 8344 – Penalizing the Refusal of Hospitals and Medical Clinics to Administer
Appropriate Initial Medical Treatment
4. RA 9241 – Amendment of RA 7875
F. Labor/Employment
1. PD 442 – Labor Code of the Philippines
2. RA 7655 – Increasing Minimum Wage of House Helpers
3. RA 8042 – Migrant Workers and Overseas Filipinos Act of 1995
4. RA 8282 – Strengthening the Social Security System
5. RA 8291 – Increasing the Coverage and Benefits of the Government Service Insurance
System (GSIS)
G. Others
1. RA 7160 – Local Government Code of the Philippines
2. RA 8371 – Indigenous Peoples’ Rights Act of 1997
3. RA 8425 – Social Reforms and Poverty Alleviation Act of 1997
SOME GOVERNMENT AGENCIES/ORGANIZATIONS
OWWA
The agency offers both local as well as overseas programs and services for Filipino contract
workers and their dependents in keeping with the provisions of the Labor Code.
National Housing Authority (NHA)
 Established by: Presidential Decree No. 757
 Year of creation: 1975
 Mandate:To develop and implement a comprehensive and integrated housing
program in the Philippines
 Primary focus: Providing housing assistance to the lower 30% of the urban
population
 Role: Offers technical and other forms of assistance to local government units
(LGUs) for their urban development and social housing programs
 This organization is the National Housing Authority (NHA)
Public Attorney's Office (PAO)
Under the DOJ and used to be known as the Citizen's Legal Assistance Office (CLAO). It
represents, free of charge, indigent persons or the immediate members of their families, in all
civil administrative, and criminal cases where, after due investigation, and the interest of
justice will be served.
Some Private Social Welfare Agencies and Organizations
Philippine Business for Social Progress (PBSP)
A private, non-profit organization established on December 16,1970, to serve as private
enterprises implementing arm for social development. Its current priorities are indigenous
peoples, small lowland farmers, small upland farmers, sustenance fisher folks, landless rural
workers, and the urban poor.
SOS Children's Village
A private child caring agency founded by Dr. Hermann Gmeiner in Austria after World War
II. Outside of adoption, it is the only agency which implements Alternative Parental Care
formulating a purposely planned long-term care orphaned and abandoned Filipino children.
Women's Crisis Center (WCC)
This agency was established to pursue the following goals: Establishment of holistic feminist
services for victims/survivors of all forms of violence against women. Elimination of all
forms of violence against women through the formation of women's communities, supporting
initiatives and encouraging partnership. Change and transformation of existing values and
attitudes that breed violence against women through the application of feminist principles.
MAJOR PROGRAMS:
Crisis Intervention
Feminist Counseling (face-to-face and hotline)
Medical assistance and advocacy
Legal assistance and advocacy
Temporary shelter survivor's support group
Education and advocacy
Training and education
Research
Documentation and publication
Consultancy services
HAVEN, a hospital-based crisis center for women survivors of a violent environment and
also coordinates with NGOs all over the country in efforts to prevent and eliminate family
violence.
Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Child Sexual Abuse (CPTCSA)
Established to help children, and their families, who are victims of sexual abuse. It offers
them protective services, prevention and treatment services, training, research and advocacy.
post-rehabilitation, educational and medical assistance. housing, legal assistance, and
technical training.
Tribal Development Foundation in the Philippines This agency addresses the needs of tribal
communities in different parts of the country. Its services include: skills development and
livelihood projects, tribal leadership training, educational assistance and adult literacy.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOCIAL WORK PROFESSION IN THE
PHILIPPINES
Associated Charities:
Josefa Jara Martinez- Mother of the social work profession in the Philippines. First to use
casework as a method of helping people. First to use social workers a full time and paid
employees. First to hire a trained social worker as executive. She introduced new CONCEPT
IN CHILD WELFARE WORK at Office of Public Welfare Commissioner President's Action
Committee on Social Amelioration (PACSA) established by Pre. Quirino. PACSA is a
community development agency to help with the problem of social unrest in the country side,
1948, Philippine School of Social Work was established in June 1950, offering a 1 year
degree program called Master of Arts in Social Administration. First director of PSSW is
Mrs. Jara Martinez RA 4373, June 19, 1965
THE PHILIPPINE ASSOCIATION OF SOCIAL WORERS-PASWI
National organization for professional social workers in the country founded on November
12, 1947.It was incorporated on April 18, 1948 and re-incorporated with the security and
exchange commission on October 18, 1988.

MAGNA CARTA FOR PUBLIC SOCIAL WORKER

RA 9433, APRIL 11, 2007
The Association's objectives:
1. Promote and maintain a professional standard of social work practice
2. Strengthen the competence of members through the provision of opportunities for their
continuing professional growth and development.
3. Work for the better understanding, acceptance and recognition of social work as a
profession.
4. Initiate and work for social legislation in social welfare and development through effective
action.
5. Expand professional activities of the association through the organization of local chapters
and development of linkages with international organization devoted to human services.
Social Welfare in the Pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic, while mainly a health crisis, affected nearly all aspects of life. It
introduced challenges such as strict health protocols, remote work, and online learning. It also
exposed weaknesses in the health system and led to issues like death, unemployment, and
underemployment, prompting the need for social welfare programs.
The Social Amelioration Program (SAP)
Under the "Bayanihan to Recover as One Act" (R.A. No. 11494), was launched to ease the
impact of the COVID-19 crisis. The Department of Social Welfare and Development
(DSWD) led its implementation, aiming to assist 18 million of the most affected Filipinos,
including vulnerable groups such as senior citizens, persons with disabilities, solo parents,
OFWs, indigenous people, and those in "No Work-No Pay" jobs.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Face-to-face social work interventions became difficult due
to health protocols. In response, social workers organized online as the United Registered
Social Workers. They launched virtual Psycho-Social Support (PSS) services via platforms
like Facebook, Viber, and mobile phones. Over 400 members volunteered to provide
nationwide counseling to help Filipinos cope with anxiety and depression during the crisis.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOCIAL WORK PROFESSION IN THE
PHILIPPINES
Founded in 1917, the Associated Charities is regarded as the "mother" of the social work
profession in the Philippines. It was the first to adopt casework, employ full-time paid social
workers, and appoint a trained social worker, Josefa Jara Martinez, as executive secretary.
Many social work pioneers began their careers there. Martinez later introduced child welfare
reforms in the government, and Asuncion A. Perez succeeded her at Associated Charities.
Development of Social Work in the Philippines: Key Events & Organizations
1. Formation of the Philippine Association of Social Workers (1947)
2.Establishment of the Philippine School of Social Work (1950)
 Offered a one-year Master of Arts in Social Administration.
 Founded through the efforts of Josefa Jara Martinez.
 Backed by the Philippine Women’s University.
3. National Association for Social Work Education, Inc. (NASWEI)
In 1965, the Social Work Law (RA 4373) was passed.
Workshops held (1967, 1968, 1969) to help schools adapt:
First workshop in 1967 created an Ad Hoc Committee to guide curriculum changes.
These events prompted the creation of SSWAP (School of Social Work Association of the
Philippines):
 Assisted in organizing the events and preparing their proceedings.
 First time a national group handled such an international task
SSWAP Activities in the 1970s
 Engaged in social work issues on international, regional, and local levels.
 Submitted an updated social work curriculum to the Department of Education.
2000–2010: Strengthening Standards and Curriculum
 Worked with the Philippine Regulatory Board for Social Workers (PRB) under
PRC to improve licensure exam performance.
 Partnered with CHED’s Technical Panel for Social Work to standardize social work
education.
2010 Curriculum Reform:
New required subjects for Bachelor of Social Work (BSW):
 Social Work Statistics
 Social Work Research
 Social Work Counseling
 Social Work and the Social Environment
 Project Development and Management
Greater emphasis on Field Instruction.
2010–2020: Curriculum Implementation and Advocacy
Training and Curriculum Review:
 NASWEI conducted training for faculty to teach the new subjects effectively.
From 2015 to 2017, another BSW curriculum review was held to align with Outcome-
Based Education (OBE).
OBE focuses on what learners should know, value, and be able to do upon graduation.
Some NASWEI schools updated syllabi to include Gender Responsive Case Management.
Partnerships and Advocacy:
 Continued collaboration with government and NGOs on various projects.
 Participated in the 2019 launch of “Philippine Social Workers’ Day” on June 19,
commemorating the passage of the Social Work Law (RA 4373) in 1965.
2020–2022: Pandemic Response and Educational Shift
COVID-19 Impact:
 Pandemic forced a shift to online, flexible, or blended learning.
 NASWEI engaged in dialogues and consultations to support faculty and students
during this transition.
The Philippine Association of Social Workers, Inc. (PASWI)
 Established: November 12, 1947; incorporated April 18, 1948; re-incorporated
October 18, 1988.
Major Achievement:
 Instrumental in the passage of RA 4373 (Social Work Law) on June 19, 1965.
 This law officially recognized social work as a profession in the Philippines.
 Role: Accredited Professional Organization (APO) recognized by the PRC.