EXCEL EDUCATIONAL CENTRE , AL THUMAMA, QATAR

GRADE XI- MATHEMATICS

CHAPTER-2 RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

 Ordered pair:- A pair of elements grouped together in a particular order.

 Two ordered pairs are equal, if and only if the corresponding first elements are equal and the second
elements are also equal. ie., a, b  x, y  , then a  x and b  y .
 Cartesian product of sets:- Two non-empty sets P and Q are given. The Cartesian product P  Q is the
set of all ordered pairs of elements from P and Q , i.e., P  Q   p, q  : p  P and q  Q.
Eg: Suppose A is a set of 2 colours and B is a set of 3 objects, i.e., A = {red, blue}and B = {b, c, s}, then
A × B = {(red,b), (red, c), (red,s), (blue,b), (blue,c), (blue,s)}
 If A is any set, then A     .
 If n A  p, nB  q , then n A  B  pq .
 If n A  3, nB  4 , then n A  B   12 .
 A × A × A = {(a, b, c) : a, b, c ∈ A}. Here (a, b, c) is called an ordered triplet.
 In general A  B  B  A .
2.1-Class Work Questions:-
1. If A={1, 2, 3} and B={4, 5}, then find A x B and B x A.
2. If A={2, 3}, then find A x A.
3. If A={-1, 1}, then find A x A x A
4. Let A = {1,2,3}, B = {3,4} and C = {4,5,6}. Find: (i) A × (B ∩ C) (ii) (A × B) ∩ (A × C)
iii) A × (B ∪ C) (iv) (A × B) ∪ (A × C)
5. If A={2, 3} and B={4}, find A x B and list all subsets of A x B.
6. The Cartesian product A × A has 9 elements among which are found (–1, 0) and (0,1). Find the set A
and the remaining elements of A × A.
x 2 5 1
7. If   1, y     ,  , find x and y .
3 3 3 3
8. If A × B ={( p, q),(p, r), (m, q), (m, r)}, find A and B.
9. If the set A has 3 elements and the set B = {3, 4, 5}, then find the number of elements in (A×B).
10. Let A and B be two sets such that n(A) = 3 and n(B) = 2. If (x, 1), (y, 2), (z, 1) are in A × B, find A and
B, where x, y and z are distinct elements.
2.1HW-Home Work Questions:-
1. If P = {a, b, c} and Q = { r}, form the sets P × Q and Q × P. Are these two products equal?
2. If P = {1, 2}, form the set P × P × P.
3. If A={-1, 1} and B={ 2 }, then find P(A x B).
4. If G = {7, 8} and H = {5, 4, 2}, find G × H and H × G.
5. If (x + 1, y – 2) = (3,1), find the values of x and y.
6. If A × B = {(a, x),(a , y), ( b, x), (b, y)}. Find A and B.
7. Let A = {1, 2}, B = {1, 2, 3, 4}, C = {5, 6} and D = {5, 6, 7, 8}. Verify that:
(i) A × (B ∩ C) = (A × B) ∩ (A × C). (ii) A × C is a subset of B × D.
8. A  1, 2, 3, B  4, 5. Show whether A  B  B  A .
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 A Relation R from a set A to a set B is a subset of the Cartesian product A  B , obtained by describing a
relationship between the first element x and the second element y of the ordered pairs x, y  in A  B .
 The image of an element x under a relation R is y , where x, y   R .
 EXCEL EDUCATIONAL CENTRE , AL THUMAMA, QATAR
GRADE XI- MATHEMATICS
CHAPTER-2 RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

 The Domain of relation is the set of all first elements of the ordered pairs in a relation R from set A to set B
 The Range of relation R is the set of all second elements of the ordered pairs in a relation R from set A to
set B . The whole set B is called the Co-domain of the relation R . Range  Codomain.
 An arrow diagram is a visual representation of a relation.
 If n A  p and nB   q , then n A  B   pq and the total number of the relations is 2 pq .
2.2-Class Work Questions:-
1. Let A = {1, 2} and B = {3, 4}. Find the number of relations from A to B.
2. Let A = {1, 2, 3,...,14}. Define a relation R from A to A by R = {(x, y) : 3x – y = 0, where x, y ∈ A}. Write
down its domain, codomain and range.
3. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}. Define a relation R from A to A by R = {(x, y) : y = x + 1 }
(i) Depict this relation using an arrow diagram. (ii) Write down the domain, codomain and range of R.
4. A = {1, 2, 3, 5} and B = {4, 6, 9}. Define a relation R from A to B by R = {(x, y): the difference between x
and y is odd; x ∈ A, y ∈ B}. Write R in roster form.
5. A relation R is defined from a set A = {2, 3, 4, 5} to a set B = {3, 6, 7, 10} as follows:
 x, y   R  x divides y. Express R as a set of ordered pairs and determine the domain and range of R.
6. Determine the domain and range of the relations (i) R= ( x, x  5) : x  0,1,2,3,4,5

(ii) R= (a, b) : b  a  1 , a  Z and a  3 
7. A relation R is defined on a set A =1,2,3,4,5,6,7 by R = a, b : a is relatively prime to b. Write R in
roster form. Also find the domain and range of R.

8. Let R be the relation on the set N of natural numbers defined by R   a, b  : a  3b  12, a  N , b  N . 
Find (i) R (ii) Domain of R (iii) Range of R
9. If R is a relation defined on the set Z of integers by the rule  x, y   R  x  y  9, write domain of R.
2 2

10. If R   x, y  : x, y  Z , x 2
 y 2  4 is a relation defined on the set Z of integers, then write domain of R.
2.2HW-Home Work Questions:-
1. Define a relation R on the set N of natural numbers by R = {(x, y) : y = x + 5, x is a natural number less
than 4; x, y ∈N}. Depict this relationship using roster form. Write down the domain and the range.
2. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6}. Let R be the relation on A defined by {(a, b):a, b ∈A, b is exactly divisible by a}.
(i) Write R in roster form (ii) Find the domain of R (iii) Find the range of R.
3. Determine the domain and range of the relation R defined by R = {(x, x + 5) : x ∈ {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}}.
4. Write the relation R = {(x, x 3) : x is a prime number less than 10} in roster form.
5. The figure shows a relationship between the sets P and Q. Write this relation: (i) in set-builder form (ii)
roster form. What is its domain and range?
 EXCEL EDUCATIONAL CENTRE , AL THUMAMA, QATAR
GRADE XI- MATHEMATICS
CHAPTER-2 RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

P Q
5 3
6 4
7 5

6. Let A = {x, y, z} and B = {1, 2}. Find the number of relations from A to B.
7. Let R be the relation on Z defined by R = {(a,b): a, b ∈ Z, a – b is an integer}. Find the domain and
range of R.
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 FUNCTION(Special type of relation):- A relation f from a set A to a set B is said to be a function if every
element of set A has one and only one(Unique) image in set B. And denoted by f : A  B . Here A is
domain and B is the co-domain.
 If f is a function from A to B and a, b  f , then f a   b , where b is called the image of a under f , and
a is called the pre-image of b under f .
 A function having either R(real numbers) or one of its subsets as its range is called a real-valued function.
Further, if its domain is also either R, or a subset of R, it is called a real function.
 Number of functions from A to B = Number of elements in BNumber of elements in A
2.3-Class Work Questions:-
1. Examine each of the following relations given below and state in each case, giving reasons whether it is
a function or not?
(i) R = {(2,1),(3,1), (4,2)}, (ii) R = {(2,2),(2,4),(3,3), (4,4)}
(iii) R = {(1,2),(2,3),(3,4), (4,5), (5,6), (6,7)}.
2. Let N be the set of natural numbers and the relation R be defined on N such that:
R ={(x, y) :y = 2x; x, y ∈ N}. What is the domain, codomain and range of R? Is this relation a function?
3. If A={0, 1, 2, 3} and B={0, 1, 4, 9, 16} and f : A  B is a function defined by f  x   x 2 . Write f in
roster form. Find the domain and the range of f .
4. Let f  1,1, 2, 3, 0,  1,  1,  3be a function from Z to Z defined by f x   ax  b , for some
integers a, b . Determine a, b .
2.3HW-Home Work Questions:-
1. Which of the following relations are functions? Give reasons. If it is a function, determine its domain
and range.
(i) {(2,1), (5,1), (8,1), (11,1), (14,1), (17,1)}
(ii) {(2,1), (4,2), (6,3), (8,4), (10,5), (12,6), (14,7)} (iii) {(1,3), (1,5), (2,5)}.
2. Let A={1, 2, 3, 4} and f : A  N be a function defined by f x   2 x  3 . Write f in Roster form. Find
domain and rage of f .
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Types of Functions:-
 Constant Function:- The function f : R  R defined by y  f x   c , where c is a constant and each
x  R is called constant function. Here domain of f is R and its range is {c}.
Eg: f x   3 is a constant function.
 EXCEL EDUCATIONAL CENTRE , AL THUMAMA, QATAR
GRADE XI- MATHEMATICS
CHAPTER-2 RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

 Identity Function:-The function f : R  R defined by f x   x , x  R is called an identity function. The

domain of f is R and Range is R . The graph of identity function is shown below

 The Modulus Function:- The function f : R  R defined by f x   x , x  R is called the modulus

function. For each non-negative value of x, f(x) is equal to x. But for negative values of x, the value of f(x)
is the negative of the value of x, i.e.,
 x, if x  0
f x   
 x, if x  0
 The domain of f is R and Range is 0,  . The graph of Modulus function is given below.

 Signum function:- The function f defined from R  R

 1, if x  0

f x    0, if x  0
 1 if x  0

 The domain of the signum function is R and Range is  1, 0, 1. The graph of the signum function is given
below.
 EXCEL EDUCATIONAL CENTRE , AL THUMAMA, QATAR
GRADE XI- MATHEMATICS
CHAPTER-2 RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

 Greatest integer function:- The function f : R  R defined by f x   x, x  R assumes the value of
the greatest integer, less than or equal to x. Such a function is called the greatest integer function.
Eg: [2.999]=2 [3.001]=3 [-3.5]=-4 [-0.999=-1]
 The domain of the greatest integer function is R and Range is Z . The graph of the greatest integer
function is given below.

 Even function: If f  x   f x  , then f x  is an even function.

 Odd function: If f  x    f x  , then f x  is an odd function.
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 Algebra of Real Function:-
 Addition of two real functions:- Let f : X → R and g : X → R be any two real functions, where X ⊂ R.
Then, we define (f + g ): X → R by, (f + g) (x) = f (x) + g (x), for all x ∈ X.
 Subtraction of a real function:- from another Let f : X → R and g: X → R be any two real functions,
where X ⊂ R. Then, we define (f – g) : X→R by, (f–g) (x) = f(x) –g(x), for all x ∈ X.
 Multiplication by a scalar:- Let f : X→R be a real valued function and α be a scalar. Here by scalar, we
mean a real number. Then the product α f is a function from X to R defined by, (α f ) (x) = α f (x), x ∈X.
 Multiplication of two real functions:- The product (or multiplication) of two real functions f:X→R and
g:X→R is a function fg:X→R defined by (fg) (x) = f(x) g(x), for all x ∈ X. This is also called point-wise
multiplication.
 Quotient of two real functions:- Let f and g be two real functions defined from X→R where X ⊂ R. The
f  f x 
  x   , provided g x   0, x  X .
f
quotient of f by g denoted by is a function defined by ,
g g g x 
2.4-Class Work Questions:-
1. Let f ( x)  x 2 & g ( x)  2 x  1 be two real functions. Find ( f  g )( x), ( f  g )( x), ( fg )( x), ( f / g )( x).
 EXCEL EDUCATIONAL CENTRE , AL THUMAMA, QATAR
GRADE XI- MATHEMATICS
CHAPTER-2 RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

2. Let f ( x)  x & g ( x)  x be two functions defined over the set of non-negative real numbers. Find
( f  g )( x), ( f  g )( x), ( fg )( x), ( f / g )( x).
3. If f ( x)  log e 1  x  and g ( x )  [ x], then determine each of the following functions:
f g
(i) f  g (ii) fg (iii) (iv)
g f
 f  1   g  1 
Also, find f  g  1 ,  fg  (0),     ,     .
 g  2   f  2 
f 1.1  f 1
4. If f  x   x 2 , find .
1 .1  1
3 x  2, x  0;

5. If a function f : R  R be defined by: f ( x)  1, x  0; Find : f (1), f  1 , f  0  , f (2)
 4 x  1, x  0

 x 2 , if 0  x  3
6. The relation f is defined by f  x    .
3x, if 3  x  10
 x 2 , if 0  x  2
The relation g is defined by g  x    . Show that f is a function and g is not a function.
3x, if 2  x  10
2.4HW-Home Work Questions:-
f
1. Let f , g : R  R be defined, respectively by f ( x)  x  1, g ( x )  2 x  3. Find f  g , f  g and .
g
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 Finding the Domain and Range of the Real Function:-
2.5-Class Work Questions:-
1. Find the domain and range of the following functions:
i) f ( x)  x  1 ii) f x   2 x  3 iii) f x   x iv) f x   x  1
v) f x   1  x vi) f x   2 x  3 vii) f x   2  3x
2. Find the domain and range of the following functions:
i) f  x   ii) f  x   iii) f  x  
1 1 1
x x2 2x  3
3. Find the domain and range of the following functions
(i) f ( x)  9  x 2 (ii) f ( x)  x2  9 (iii) f ( x)  x 2  12 (vi) f ( x)  12  x 2 .
1
4. Find the domain and range of the function f : x  , where x  R .
x 1 2

5. Find the domain of each of the following real values functions of real variable:
2x 1 1 3x  2
(i) f ( x)  (ii) f ( x)  (iii) f ( x ) 
.
x2  9 x7 x 1
x 2  2x  1 x 2  3x  5
6. Find the domain of the following function (i) f ( x)  2 (ii) f ( x)  2
x  8 x  12 x  5x  4
 EXCEL EDUCATIONAL CENTRE , AL THUMAMA, QATAR
GRADE XI- MATHEMATICS
CHAPTER-2 RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

7. Find the domain and range of the function

x2 1 3 x
(i) f ( x)  (ii) (iii) f ( x)  (iv) f ( x ) 
3 x x5 2  x2 1 x2
4 x x2  9
(v) f ( x)  (vi) f ( x)  ( ans; R –{3}, R-{6} ).
x4 x3
 x2  
8. Let f    x, , x  R  be a real function from R to R . Determine the domain and range of f .
2 
  1 x  
9. Find the range of each of the following functions :
x4
(i) f ( x)  x  3 (ii) f ( x)  1  x  2 (iii) f ( x) 
x4
2.5HW-Home Work Questions:-
1. Find the domain and range of the following functions:
ii) f  x   iii) f x  3x  5 iv) f  x  
1
i) f ( x )  2x  3 x5
3x  2
v) f  x   vi) f x   3x  5 .
1
5x  4
2. Find the domain and range of the following functions
i) f ( x)  25  x 2 (ii) f ( x)  x 2  25 (iii) f ( x)  16  x 2
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2.6-Additional Questions:-
1. Find the value of 3e  2  , where [ ] is greatest integer function.
2. Let A  2, 3, 4, 6, 8and R  a, b : a, b  A, a divides b. Write R & R 1 in roster form.
3. Let f   1, 4, 2,1, 3, 3, 4, 2 . Find the domain of f .
4x
4. If f  x   , then show that f x   f 1  x   1 .
4x  2
5. If A = {1, 2, 4}, B = {2, 4, 5} and C = {2, 5}, write (A – C ) × (B – C)
6. A relation R is defined from {2, 3, 4, 5} to {3, 6, 7, 10} by : x R y  x is relatively prime to y. Then, domain
of R is,…..
7. If R is a relation from a finite set A having m elements to a finite set B having n elements, then write the
number of relations from A to B .
8. From the below graph, write the name and equation of the function.
Y
1

XI -1 0 1 X

-1

YI
 EXCEL EDUCATIONAL CENTRE , AL THUMAMA, QATAR
GRADE XI- MATHEMATICS
CHAPTER-2 RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

9. If the ordered pairs (x, -1) and (5, y) belong to the set (a, b) : b  2a  3, find the values of x and y.

1 x
10. Find the domain and the range of the function f  x   .
1 x

11. Find the domain and the range of the function x  x , x  R .  
x2  2x  3
12. Consider the real function f x   . Find the value of x , if f x   1 .
x 2  8 x  12
13. Consider the relation R   x, 2 x  1 / x  A, where A  2,  1, 3.
i) Write R in the roster form. ii) Write the range of R .
x 1
14. Consider the functions: f  x   x  2 , g  x   2
x  2x  1
i) Find the domain of f . iii) Find  f  g x  and  fg x  .
ii) Find the domain of g .
15. The Cartesian product P  P has 9 elements among which are found  a, 0 and 0, a  . A relation from P
to P is defined as: R   x, y  : x  y  0
i) Find P . ii) Depict the relation using an arrow diagram.
iii) Write down the domain and range of R . iv) How many relations are possible from P to P ?
16. Consider A  1, 2, 3, ... ,10
i) n A  A  ........
ii) Define relation on A by R   x, y  / x  2 y  10. x, y  A. Express R in roster form.
iii) Is R a function on A ? Justify your answer.
17. R is the relation “greater than” from A to B , where A  2, 3, 4, 5, 6and B  2, 5, 6
i) Write down the roster form corresponding to R . ii) Find the inverse relation to R .
18. If A and B are two sets so that n A  5 , nB   4 , then n A  B  .......... .
   
19. If A  x  R : x 2  5 x  6  0 and B  x  R : x 2  9 , find A B .
20. Represent the relation x, x 2
 
 1 : x  N and 2  x  4 using an arrow diagram. Find its domain and range.
1  x, x  0

21. Consider the function f  x   1, x0
1  x, x  0

i) Fill up the following table:
X -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
y 1
ii) Find the domain and range of the function f . iii) Sketch the graph of the above function.
22. Consider the function f : R  R defined by f x   x  1
i) Is f 2  f 0 , why? iii) If g x   x  1, find  f  g 2 and  f  g 2 .
ii) Draw the graph of f x  .
 EXCEL EDUCATIONAL CENTRE , AL THUMAMA, QATAR
GRADE XI- MATHEMATICS
CHAPTER-2 RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

23. Consider the function f : xR  R defined by f x   x  2

 x  2, x  2
i) Prove that f  x   
2  x , x  2
ii) Complete the following table: x 0 1 2 3 4
f x 
iii) Draw the graph of f x  .
24. If A=-1,0,2,5,6,11,B = -2,-1,0,18,28,108 and f(x) = x2-x -2. Find f(A). Is f(A) = B.

25. Write the domain and range of function f  x  

1
.
x x

26. Write the domain and range of function f x   x  x .

 
27. Let A  1, 2, 3and R  a, b : a 2  b 2  5, a, b  A . Then write R as set of ordered pairs.

28. Let R   x, y  : x, y  Z , y  2x  4 . If  a, 2 and  4, b   R, then write the values of a and b.

2

29. If R = {(2, 1), (4, 7), (1, –2 ), ….}, then write the linear relation between the components of the ordered
pairs of the relation R.
30. If A = {1, 3, 5} and B = {2, 4}, list the elements of R, if R   x, y  : x, y  A  B and x  y
31. If R   x, y  : x, y W , 2x  y  8 , then write the domain and range of R.
32. Write the range of the function f ( x)  e x [ x ] , x  R
ax
33. Let f ( x)  , x  1. Then write the value of a satisfying f  f ( x)   x for all x  1
x 1
1   1 
34. If f ( x)  1  , then write the value of f  f   
x   x 
x2
35. Write the domain and range of the function f ( x) 
2 x
1
36. If f , g , h are real functions defined by f ( x)  x  1, g ( x)  and h( x)  2 x 2  3, then find the values of
x
 2 f  g  h  (1) and  2 f  g  h  (0) .
1 f
37. Find f  g , f  g , cf  c  R, c  0  , fg , and in each of the following:
f g
(i) If f ( x)  x 3  1 and g ( x)  x  1 (ii) If f ( x )  x  1 and g ( x )  x  1
 x 2  16
 , x  4
38. Let f be defined by f ( x)  x  4 and g be defined by: g ( x)   x  4
 , x  4

Find  such that f ( x )  g ( x ) for all x.
 EXCEL EDUCATIONAL CENTRE , AL THUMAMA, QATAR
GRADE XI- MATHEMATICS
CHAPTER-2 RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

39. Is g = {(1, 1), (2, 3), (3, 5), (4, 7)} a function? If this is described by the formula, g (x) =  x + , then what
values should be assigned to  and  ?

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

1. If n(A)=3, n(B)=4, then n(A×A×B) is equal to

(a) 36 (b) 12 (c) 108 (d) 48

2. If A={1,2,4}, B={2,4,5}, C={2,5}, then (A-C)×(B-C) is equal to (a) {(1,4)}

(b) {(1,4),(4,4)} (c) {(4,1),(4,4) (d) {(1,2),(2,5)}

3. If A={1,2,3}, B={3,8}, then (A∪B)×(A∩B) is equal to (a) {(3,1),(3,2),(3,3),(3,8)}

(b) {(1,3),(2,3),(3,3),(8,3)} (c) {(1,2),(2,2),(3,3),(8,8)}
(d) {(8,3),(8,2),(8,1),(8,8)}

4. If two sets A and B having 99 elements in common, then the number of elements common to each of the sets
A×B and B×A are (a) 299 (b) 992 (c) 100 (d) 18

5. Suppose that the number of elements in set A is p, the number of elements in set B is q and the number of
elements in A×B is 7. Then p2+q2= (a) 42 (b) 49 (c) 50 (d) 51
𝑥 𝑦
6. Let ( − 1, + 1) =(2,1), then the values of x and y respectively are (a) 3,5
2 9
(b) 6,0 (c) 5,3 (d) 0,6

7. If (x+1, y-2)=(3,1), then the values of x and y are (a) 3,4 (b)
2,3 (c) 1,2 (d) 2,2

8. If set A has 3 elements and the set B={3,4,5}, then find the number of elements in (A×B).
(a) 8 (b) 7 (c) 9 (d)10

9. Let A={1,2,3}. The total number of distinct relations that can be defined over A, is
(a) 29 (b) 6 (c) 8 (d) 26

10. Let A be the set of first ten natural numbers and let R ne a relation in A defined by R={(x,y):x+2y=10,x,y∈N}.
Which of the following false? (a)
R={(2,4),(4,3),(6,2),(8,1)} (b) Domain of R={2,4,6,8} (c)
Range of R={1,2,3,4} (d) None of these

11. The relation R defined on the set A={1,2,3,4,5} by R={(x,y):|x2-y2| <16} is given by
(a) {(1,1),(2,1),(3,1),(4,1),(2,3)} (b) {(2,2),(3,2),(4,2),(2,4)}
(c) {(3,3),(4,3),(5,4),(3,4)} (d) None of these
 EXCEL EDUCATIONAL CENTRE , AL THUMAMA, QATAR
GRADE XI- MATHEMATICS
CHAPTER-2 RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

12. If R is the relation ‘less than’ from A={1,2,3,4,5} to B={1,4,5}, then the set of ordered pairs corresponding to R
is (a) {(1,4),(1,5),(2,5),(3,5),(4,5)} (b)
{(1,4),(1,5),(2,4),(2,5),(3,4),(3,5),(4,5)} (c) {(5,2),(4,5),(5,3),(5,2),(5,1)}
(d) None of these

13. Let A={a,b,c} and B={4,5}.Consider a relation R defined from set A to set B, then R is equal to
(a) A (b) B (c) A*B (d) B*A

14. Let n(A)=8 and n(B)=p. Then, the total number of non-empty relations that can be defined from A to B is
(a) 8p (b) np-1 (c) 8p-1 (d) 28p-1
𝑥−2
15. The Range of the function f(x) = 2−𝑥 is (a) R (b) R-{1} (c) {-1} (d) R-{-1}

|𝑥+3|
16. The domain of the function f(x)= is (a) {-3} (b) R-{-3} (c) R-{3} (d) R
𝑥+3

1 1
17. If f(x)= x2-x-2, x∈ R-{0}, then f(𝑥)is equal to (a) f(x) (b) –f(x) (c) 𝑓(𝑥)
(d) (f(x))2
1 1
18. Let (𝑥 + 𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2,x≠0, then f(x)= (a) x2
(b) x2-1 (c) x2-2 (d) x2+1

19. The domain of the function f(x)=log4(log5(log3(18x-x2-77))) is (a) x ∈ (4,5) (b)

x∈ (0,10) (c) x∈ (8,10) (d) x∈(10,8)

20. if f(x) = [x] and g(x) =x-[x], then which of the following is the zero function
(a) (f+g (x) (b) (fg)(x) (c) (f-g)(x) (d) None of these