Data: Itis a collection of raw or unorganised facts. a: Information: The processed or organised data is known as information. ALU: It is the arithmetic and logical unit that carries out all the arithmetic and logical operations. DU: VDU stands for Visual Display Unit. Itis a display screen of a computer. Bit: It is the smallest or elementary unit of computer memory. Buffer: Its an area in the computer memory that temporarily stores data while its being moved from one pla another. ‘ Cache Memory: It is a memory in between RAM and the CPU. Source Code: It is a program written in a high-level language. _ Object Code: It is a machine code that you get after compilation. (®) Brain Developer Section A: Solved Questions A. Fill in the blanks. 1. means the capacity to perform various types of work simultaneously or one aftr another. 2. The is the component of the CPU that carries out all the arithmetic and logical operations. A isan elementary unit of memory. 3. 4. and_____——_are the types of main memory. 5. The memory from which you can only read but cannot write on, is called 6. . Flash memory is an example of 7. The command-line interface is a user interface of an 8. The management of the operating system is responsible to allocate memory t0 different processes or applications. 9. Itis the responsibility of management of the operating system to allocate space and time to process to get executed. 10. Microsoft PowerPoint is a type of software. converts the assembly language code into the low-level language. software. il. An Device drivers and language translators are the types of ___ 12. B. Multiple-choice questions. 1. Which of the following is not a component of the CPU? a d. CLI a. Memory Unit b. Control Unit c. ALU 2. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a computer? «aca a. Diligence b. Versatility «IQ I. mee3. The keyboard, mouse, joystick, and bar code reader are examples of _ a. Input Devices b. Output Devices c. Storage Devices d. None of these 4 Aprinterisanfa_ a. Input Device b. Output Device ¢. Processing Device d. Bothaandb 5, 1Byte= bits a2 b. 10 <8 4. 100 6. 1024 Bytes = a 1KB b. 1024 MB c. 1MB d. 11GB and are the types of main memory. a. Primary, Secondary b. Flash Memory, Primary Memory «. Hard Disk, CD d. RAM, ROM, 8, ____reefers to a tangible device that is physically connected to the computer. 2. Software b. Hardware c. Operating System d. Antivirus 9, ___is an extremely fast memory. It holds frequently requested data and instructions so ‘that they are immediately available to the CPU when needed. a. Cache Memory b. RAM c. ROM d. Secondary Storage 10. Windows 10 is an operating system. It isa type of __ z a. System Software _b. Application Software c. Utility Software d. Hardware iL is portable because itis light weight and small. 2 CD b. Hard Disk c. Flash Drive d. None of these 12. Arrange TB, KB, GB, MB in descending order of the memory units. a TB>MB>GB>KB b. MB>GB>TB>KB «. TB>GB>MB>KB d. GB>MB>KB>TB 13. The acts as an interface between the computer hardware components and the user. 2 Operating System —b. Keyboard . Monitor d. MS Word WA converts paper-based text and images into digital form and can be stored on the ‘computer system. 2 Printer b. Speaker c. Scanner 4. Monitor 15. What is the full form of PROM? a. Program Read Only Memory . Perfect Read Only Memory . Programmable Read Only Memory d. Progressive Read Only Memory 16. Which of the following is related to ROM? a. Virtual Memory _b. Non-Volatile Memory c. Cache Memory . Volatile Memory C. State True or False. 1, RAM isa type of permanent memory. 2. A byte is the smallest measuring unit of memory. 3. The correct sequence to perform the operation is input-processing-output. 4. Compiler and assembler are examples of language translators. 5. The process of compilation is the same as the process of interpretation of a program. Oeoy 6. ‘The control unit is the component of the CPU that performs all the logical calculations, , BAPROM and EEPROM are the same. Hole component of the computer, s. Computer software is a non-t software are types of system software, 1. Antivirus, compression, and back 0, GUI stands for Global User 1 ‘AL 1, Versatility 3. Bit 4, RAM, ROM 5, ROM 6, BEPROM 7. Operating System 8. Memory 9, Process 10, Application 11, Assembler 12, System Bid de 3a 4b Se 6a nd 8b 9a 10.0 Ine Re aa Me 15. 16.6 © 1. False 2, False 3. True 4, True 5, False 6, False 7, False 8, Tue 9. False 10. False D. Short answer type questions. 1. What are the major functions of a computer system? Ans. The major functions of the computer system are as following: + Input: A computer accepts the user's input. + Process: The actual work done using the CPU. + Output: Users get the result of the processed data in the form of hard copy or softcopy. + Storage: The information that you get after processing can be stored in the computer memory. What are the functions of the input unit? Give examples of various input devices available. Ans. The input unit is used to enter data or information into a computer. The following are some examples 0 input devices: + Keyboard + Mouse + Light Pen + Microphones + Touchpad + ‘Trackball 3. What is the purpose of ALU? Ans. The part ofa computer that does all arithmetic computations, such as addition and multiplication, as wel as all logical operations, such as comparison operations, is known as the arithmetic logic unit. The ALU i one of the CPU's (Central Processing Unit) components, 4, Define primary memory. Ans. The primary memory is also known as the main memory. It is used for immediate access of data by the processor (CPU). The processor, often known as the CPU, stores and retrieves data directly from it 7 memory is randomily accessed by the CPU, hat is, the CPU can access any region of this memory 10 ¥& or write data, 5. What are the different types of main memory? Ans. ‘The main memory is of two types: RAM and ROM, + RAM stands for Random Access Memory. Its also known as a read/ write memory or volatile memory Itallows the CPU to write and read data from any primary memory location that is implemented using RAM. ije il 44 + ROM stands for Read Only Memory. It is a non-volatile memiory. It retains the stored information even when the power has been switched off. It holds the startup instructions that prepare a computer for use. The information is stored permanently in ROM during manufacture. 6. Write a short note on cache memory, ‘Ans. When compared to the access time of the main memory, the speed of the CPU is extremely fast. Asa result of the poor speed of the main memory, CPU's performance suffers. A tiny memory chip is placed between the CPU and the main memory to reduce the operation speed mismatch. Its access time is extremely close to the CPU's processing speed. It is known as cache memory. Cache memory is accessible significantly more quickly than regular RAM. It is used to store programs or data that are currently being used, as well as temporary data that the CPU constantly uses. As a result, each memory causes the main memory to appear faster and larger than itis. Itis also quite expensive to have a larger cache memory size, hence it is usually kept small. 7. Identify the following: a, Tam known as the main memory. b. Unsaved data can be lost if'a computer is turned off. c. Iam the smallest measuring unit of memory. pe Tam used to increase the speed of the CPU. Tam known as the auxiliary memory. Primary Memory RAM c. Bit 4. Cache Memory re e. Secondary Memory 8. What is an operating system? ‘Ans. An operating system provides an interface that allows the user to interact with the computer system through application software and other programs. It manages and coordinates the use of hardware by different application programs for different users. 9. What is the difference between a compiler and an interpreter? ine into machine code. ‘The compiler analyses the Ans. The interpreter converts program statements line-by- entire program and converts it all at once into machine code. 10. What is the purpose of language translators? What are the different types of language translators? that converts the instructions written in source code into object code, ‘Ans. A language translator is a program Jhine language. There are three different kinds of or from high-level language or assembly language to mac language translators. + Assembler + Compiler + Interpreter ST _——_—_———. (7Basle Unsolved Questions ew A, Short answer type questions. and information, 1, Define dat 2, What is processing? 3. Write any two characteristics ofa computer. 4. What are the basic components of a computer? 5, What is the role of input and output units? 6. Why do you use a scanner? What is the CPU? 8. Distinguish between the ALU and CU. 9. Describe any two output devices. 10. Write any one difference between RAM and ROM. 11. Describe bit and bytes. 12. Define Static RAM and Dynamic RAM. 13, Define EEPROM. 14, Write a short note on cache memory. 15. Why is secondary memory required? Explain. wis 16. What is optical memory? Give any two examples. 17. How are hardware and software interdependent? 18. What is software? List different types of software, 19, Distinguish between a compiler and an interpreter. 20. Write any two functions of the operating system. B. Long answer type questions. 1. List any two input and output devices and explain their functions. 2. What are the various types of software? 3. Explain utility software. 4. Explain the types of language translators. 5. What are the different types of ROM available? ‘What is the difference between system software and application software? 7. What is the operating system interface? Explain its types. 8. Explain the various components of the CPU? 9. What are the different functions of the operating system? 10. Explain the role of process management of the operating system. 11. What is the difference between hardware and software? 12. What do you understand by the different states of a process?1. Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): Computer is versatile Reason (R): Itcan compute and generate bills at the same time while playing music Considering the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below: a. Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). b. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (A) is true but (R) is false, d. (A) is false but (R) is true. 2. Given below are two statements: One s labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): If you want to store data for long time, then you will be needing RAM in your computer. Reason (R): Secondary memory is responsible to provide permanent storage in the computer system. Considering the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below: a. Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). b, Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). c. (A) is true but (R) is false. d. (A) is false but (R) is true. 3. Given below are two statement Assertion (A): Compiler, interpreter, and assembler are language translators. Reason (R): Compiler is a program for converting instructions written in low-level assembly code into ine is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). relocatable machine code. Considering the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below: a. Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). b. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). c. (A) is true but (R) is false. d, (A) is false but (R) is true. Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): Utility software performs task to enable smooth functioning of computer. Reason (R): School management system, railway reservation system, hotel management system, et. perform specific task smoothly. Considering the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below: a, Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). b. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). c. (A) is true but (R) is false, d, (A) is false but (R) is true.