ENVIRONMENT & ECOLOGY PYQ’s
LESSON-1
1. Among the following crops, which one is the most important anthropogenic source
of both methane and nitrous oxide?
(a) Cotton
(b) Rice
(c) Sugarcane
(d) Wheat
2. Consider the following pairs:
Wetland/Lake: Location
1. Hokera Wetland Punjab
2. Renuka Wetland Himachal Pradesh
3. Rudrasagar Lake Tripura
4. Sasthamkotta Tamil Nadu
How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
(a) Only one pair
(b) Only two pairs
(c) Only three pairs
(d) All four pairs
3.“Climate Action Tracker” which monitors the emission reduction pledges of different
countries is a:
(a) Database created by coalition of research organisations
(b) Wing of “International Panel of Climate Change”
(c) Committee under “United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change”
(d) Agency promoted and financed by United Nations Environment Programme and World
Bank
4. Consider the following statements:
1. The Climate Group is an international non-profit organisation that drives climate action
by building large networks and runs them.
2. The International Energy Agency in partnership with the Climate Group launched a
global initiative “EP100”.
3. EP100 brings together leading companies committed to driving innovation in energy
efficiency and increasing competitiveness while delivering on emission reduction goals.
4. Some Indian companies are members of EP100.
5. The International Energy Agency is the Secretariat to the “Under2 Coalition”.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1,2, 4 and 5
(b) 1,3 and 4 only
(c) 2,3 and 5 only
(d) 1,2, 3, 4 and 5
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5. In the Guidelines, in the context of WHO consider the following statement with
regarding to Air Quality
1. The 24-hour mean of PM2.5 should not exceed 15 ug/m³ and annual mean of PM 2.5
should not exceed 5 µg/m³.
2. In a year, the highest levels of ozone pollution occur during the periods of inclement
weather.
3. PM10 can penetrate the lung barrier and enter the bloodstream.
4. Excessive ozone in the air can trigger asthma.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1, 3 and 4
(b) 1 and 4 only
(c) 2, 3 and 4
(d) 1 and 2 only
6. With reference to “Gucchi” sometimes mentioned in the news, consider the following
statements:
1. It is a fungus.
2. It grows in some Himalayan Forest areas.
3. It is commercially cultivated in the Himalayan foothills of north-eastern India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1 and 2
(d) 2 and 3
7. With reference to polyethylene terephthalate, the use of which is so widespread in
our daily lives, consider the following statements:
1. Its fibres can be blended with wool and cotton fibres to reinforce their properties.
2. Containers made of it can be used to store any alcoholic beverage.
3. Bottles made of it can be recycled into other products.
4. Articles made of it can be easily disposed of by incineration without causing
greenhouse gas emissions.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 3
(b) 2 and 4
(c) 1 and 4
(d) 2 and 3
8. Which of the following is not a bird?
(a) Golden Mahseer
(b) Indian Nightjar
(c) Spoonbill
(d) White Ibis
9. “Biorock technology” is talked about in which one of the following situations?
(a) Restoration of damaged coral reefs
(b) Development of building materials using plant residues
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(c) Identification of areas for exploration/extraction of shale gas
(d) Providing salt licks for wild animals in forests/protected areas
10. The “Miyawaki method” is well known for the:
(a) Promotion of commercial farming in arid and semi-arid areas
(d). Harvesting wind energy on coastal areas and on sea surfaces
(b) Development of gardens using genetically modified flora
(d) Creation of mini forests in urban areas
11. Which one of the following has been constituted under the Environment (Protection)
Act, 1986?
(a) Central Water Commission
(b) Central Ground Water Board
(c) Central Ground Water Authority
(d) National Water Development Agency
12. Which one of the following best describes the term “greenwashing”?
(a) Conveying a false impression that a company’s products are eco-friendly and
environmentally sound
(b) Non-inclusion of ecological/ environmental costs in the Annual Financial Statements
of a country
(c) Ignoring the disastrous ecological consequences while infrastructure development
undertaking
(d) Making mandatory provisions for environmental costs in a government
project/programme
13. With reference to Indian laws about wildlife protection, consider the following
statements:
1. Wild animals are the sole property of the government.
2. When a wild animal is declared protected, such animal is entitled for equal protection
whether it is found in protected areas or outside.
3. Apprehension of a protected wild animal becoming a danger to human life is sufficient
ground for its capture or killing.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 3 only
14. Consider the following:
1. Carbon monoxide
2. Nitrogen oxide
3. Ozone
4. Sulphur dioxide
Excess of which of the above in the environment is/are cause(s) of acid rain?
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 2 and 4 only
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(c) 4 only
(d) 1, 3 and 4
15. Consider the following statements:
Statement 1: The United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF) and the Arbor Day
Foundation have recently recognized Hyderabad as 2020 Tree City of the
World
Statement 2: Hyderabad was selected for recognition for a year following its commitment
to grow and maintain the Urban forests.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
(a) Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are correct and Statement 2 is the correct
explanation for Statement 1
(b) Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are correct but Statement 2 is not the correct
explanation for Statement 1.
(c) Statement 1 is correct but Statement 2 is not correct.
(d) Statement 1 is not correct but Statement 2 is correct.
16. Consider the following kinds of organisms:
1. Copepods
2. Cyanobacteria
3. Diatoms
4. Foraminifera
Which of the above are primary producers in the food chains of oceans?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 1 and 4
17. Consider the following animals
1. Hedgehog
2. Marmot
3. Pangolin
To reduce the chance of being captured by predators, which of the above organisms
rolls up/roll up and protects/protect its/their vulnerable parts?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1 and 3
18. With reference to the ‘’New York Declaration on Forests’’, which of the following
statements are correct?
1. It was first endorsed at the United Nations Climate Summit in 2014
2. It endorses a global timeline to end the loss of forests
3. It is a legally binding international declaration
4. It is endorsed by governments, big companies and indigenous communities.
5. India was one of the signatories at its inception
Select the correct answer using the code given below
(a) 1, 2 and 4
4
(b) 1, 3 and 5
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 2 and 5
19. Magnetite particles, suspected to cause neurodegenerative problems are generated
as environmental pollutants from which of the following?
1. Brakes of motor vehicles
2. Engines of motor vehicles
3. Microwave stoves within homes
4. Power plants
5. Telephone lines
Select the correct answer using the code given below
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 5only
(b) 1, 2 and 4 only
(c) 3, 4 and 5 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
20. Which one of the following is a filter feeder?
(a) Catfish
(b) Octopus
(c) Oyster
(d) Pelican
21. In the case of which of the following biogeochemical cycles, the weathering of rocks
is the main source of release of nutrients to enter the cycle?
(a) Carbon cycle
(b) Nitrogen cycle
(c) Phosphorus cycle
(d) Sulphur cycle
22. Which of the following are detritivores?
1. Earthworms
2. Jellyfish
3. Millipedes
4. Seahorse
5. Woodlice
Select the correct answer using the code given below
(a) 1, 2 and 4 only
(b) 2, 3, 4 and 4 only
(c) 1, 3 and 5 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
23. Which of the following have species that can establish a symbiotic relationship with
other organisms?
1. Cnidarians
2. Fungi
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3. Protozoa
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
24. “R2 Code of Practices” constitute a tool available for promoting the adoption of
(a) Environmentally responsible practices in the electronics recycling industry
(b) Ecological management of ‘’Wetlands of International Importance” under the Ramsar
Convention
(c) Sustainable practices in the cultivation of agricultural crops in degraded lands
(d) ‘’Environmental Impact Assessment’’ in the exploitation of natural resources
25. Why is there a concern about copper smelting plants?
1. They may release lethal quantities of carbon monoxide into the environment
2. The copper slag can cause the leaching of some heavy metals into the environment
3. They may release sulphur dioxide as a pollutant
Select the correct answer using the code given below
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
26. With reference to furnace oil, consider the following statements:
1. It is a product of oil refineries
2. Some industries use it to generate power
3. Its use causes sulphur emissions into the environment
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
27. What is blue carbon?
(a) Carbon captured by oceans and coastal ecosystems
(b) Carbon sequestered in forest biomass and agricultural soils
(c) Carbon contained in petroleum and natural gas
(d) Carbon present in the atmosphere
28. In nature, which of the following is/are most likely to be found surviving on a surface
without soil?
1. Fern
2. Lichen
3. Moss
4. Mushroom
Select the correct answer using the code given below
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(a) 1 and 4 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 1, 3 and 4
29. Which of the following statements best describes the term ‘Social Cost of Carbon’?
It is a measure, in monetary value, of the
(a) long-term damage done by a tonne of CO2 emissions in a given year.
(b) requirement of fossil fuels for a country to provide goods and services to its citizens,
based on the burning of those fuels.
(c) efforts put in by a climate refugee to adapt to live in a new place.
(d) contribution of an individual person to the carbon footprint on the planet Earth.
30. With reference to Indian elephants, consider the following statements:
1. The leader of an elephant group is a female.
2. The maximum gestation period can be 22 months.
3. An elephant can normally go on calving till the age of 40 years only.
4. Among the States in India, the highest elephant population is in Kerala.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 4 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 3 and 4 only
31. Which of the following Protected Areas are located in Cauvery basin?
1. Nagarhole National Park
2. Papikonda National Park
3. Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve
4. Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
32. With reference to India’s biodiversity, Ceylon Frogmouth, Coppersmith Barbet, Gray
Chinned Minivet and White-throated Redstart are
(a) Birds
(b) Primates
(c) Reptiles
(d) Amphibians
33. Consider the following statements:
1. Coal ash contains arsenic, lead and mercury.
2. Coal-fired power plants release sulphur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen into the
environment.
3. High ash content is observed in Indian coal.
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Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
34. Which of the following are the reasons/factors for exposure to benzene pollution?
1. Automobile exhaust
2. Tobacco smoke
3. Wood burning
4. Using varnished wooden furniture
5. Using products made of polyurethane
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 4 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
35. What are the advantages of fertigation in agriculture?
1. Controlling the alkalinity of irrigation water is possible.
2. Efficient application of Rock Phosphate and all other phosphatic fertilizers is possible.
3. Increased availability of nutrients to plants is possible.
4. Reduction in the leaching of chemical nutrients is possible.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 1, 2 and 4 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
36. With reference to India’s Desert National Park, which of the following statements
are correct?
1. It is spread over two districts.
2. There is no human habitation inside the Park.
3. It is one of the natural habitats of the Great Indian Bustard.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
37. Consider the following statements:
1. 36% of India’s districts are classified as ‘overexploited’ or ‘critical’ by the Central Ground
Water Authority (CGWA).
2. CGWA was formed under the Environment (Protection) Act.
3. India has the largest area under groundwater irrigation in the world.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
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(c) 2 only
(d) 1 and 3 only
38. Which one of the following groups of plants were domesticated in the ‘New World’
and introduced into the ‘Old World’?
(a) Tobacco, cocoa and rubber
(b) Tobacco, cotton and rubber
(c) Cotton, coffee and sugarcane
(d) Rubber, coffee and wheat
39. Which one of the following National Parks lies completely in the temperate alpine
zone?
(a) Manas National Park
(b) Namdapha National Park
(c) Neora Valley National Park
(d) Valley of Flowers National Park
40. In the context of which of the following do some scientists suggest the use of cirrus
cloud thinning technique and the injection of sulphate aerosol into the stratosphere?
(a) Creating artificial rains in some regions
(b) Reducing the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones
(c) Reducing the adverse effects of solar wind on the Earth
(d) Reducing the global warming
41. Which of the following are in Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve?
(a) Neyyar, Peppara and Shendurney Wildlife sanctuaries; and Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger
Reserve
(b) Mudumalai, Sathyamangalam and Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuaries; and Silent Valley
National Park
(c) Kaundinya, Gundla Brahmeswaram and Papikonda Wildlife Sanctuaries; and Mukurthi
National Park
(d) Kawal and Sri Venkateswara Wildlife Sanctuaries; and NagarjunasagarSrisailam Tiger
Reserve
42. Consider the following statements:
1. Some species of turtles are herbivores
2. Some species of fish are herbivores.
3. Some species of marine mammals are herbivores
4. Some species of snakes are viviparous
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 2 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
43. Why is there a great concern about the ‘microbeads’ that are released into the
environment?
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(a) They are considered harmful to marine ecosystems
(b) They are considered to cause skin cancer in children.
(c) They are small enough to be absorbed by crop plants in irrigated fields.
(d) They are often found to be used as food adulterants.
44. Which of the following statements are correct about the deposits of ‘methane
hydrate’?
1. Global warming might trigger the release of methane gas from these deposits
2. Large deposits of ‘methane hydrate’ are found in Arctic Tundra and under the seafloor
3. Methane in the atmosphere oxidizes to carbon dioxide after a decade or two
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c)1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
45. Consider the following:
1. Carbon monoxide
2. Methane
3. Ozone
4. Sulphur dioxide
Which of the above are released into the atmosphere due to the burning of
crop/biomass residue?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
46. In India, the use of carbofuran, methyl parathion, phorate and triazophos is viewed
with apprehension. These chemicals are used as
(a) pesticides in agriculture
(b) preservatives in processed foods
(c) fruit-ripening agents
(d) moisturising agents in cosmetics
47. Consider the following statements:
1. Under Ramsar Convention, it is mandatory on the part of the Government of India to
protect and conserve all the wetlands in the territory of India
2. The Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2010 were framed by the
Government of India based on the recommendations of Ramsar Convention
3. The Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2010 also encompass the
drainage area or catchment regions of the wetlands as determined by the authority
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
10
48. Consider the following statements:
1. Agricultural soils release nitrogen oxides into the environment
2. Cattle release ammonia into the environment
3. The poultry industry releases reactive nitrogen compounds into the environment
Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 2 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
49. The word ‘Denisovan’ is sometimes mentioned in media in reference to
(a) fossils of a kind of dinosaurs
(b) an early human species
(c) a cave system found in North-East India
(d) a geological period in the history of the Indian subcontinent
50. Consider the following statements:
The Environment Protection Act, 1986 empowers the Government of India to
1. state the requirement of public participation in the process of environmental
protection, and the procedure and manner in which it is sought
2. lay down the standards for emission or discharge of environmental pollutants from
various sources
Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
51. Recently, there was a growing awareness in our country about the importance of
Himalayan nettle (Girardinia diversifolia) because it is found to be a sustainable
source of
(a) anti-malarial drug
(b) biodiesel
(c) pulp for the paper industry
(d) textile fibre
52. Why is a plant called Prosopis Juliflora often mentioned in the news?
(a) Its extract is widely used in cosmetics
(b) It tends to reduce the biodiversity in the area in which it grows
(c) Its extract is used in the synthesis of pesticides
(d) None of the above
53. In which one of the following states is Pakhui wildlife sanctuary located?
(a) Arunachal Pradesh
(b) Manipur
(c) Meghalaya
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(d) Nagaland
54. Consider the following statements?
1. The definition of “Critical Wildlife Habitat” is incorporated in the forest rights act 2006
2. For the first time in India, Baigas have been given habitat rights
3. Union Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change officially decides and
declares Habitat Rights for Primitive and Vulnerable Tribal Groups in any part of India
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
55. How is the National Green Tribunal (NGT) different from the Central Pollution
Control Board (CPCB)?
1. The NGT has been established by an Act whereas the CPCB has been created by an
executive order of the government
2. The NGT provides environmental justice and helps reduce the burden of litigation in
the higher courts whereas the CPCB promotes cleanliness of streams and wells, and
aims to improve the quality of air in the country
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
56. “Momentum for Change: Climate Neutral Now” is an initiative launched by
(a) The Intergovernmental Panel on climate change
(b) The UNEP Secretariat
(c) The UNFCCC Secretariat
(d) The World Meteorological Organization
57. With reference to the circumstances in Indian agriculture, the concept of
“Conservation Agriculture” assume significance. Which of the following fall under
the Conservation Agriculture?
1. Avoiding monoculture practices
2. Adopting minimum tillage
3. Avoiding the cultivation of plantation crops
4. Using crop residues to cover soil surface
5. Adopting spatial and temporal crop sequencing/crop rotations
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1, 3 and 4
(b) 2, 3, 4 and 5
(c) 2, 4 and 5
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 5
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58. Consider the following statements in respect of Trade Related Analysis of Fauna and
Flora in Commerce (TRAFFIC):
1. TRAFFIC is a bureau under United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
2. The mission of TRAFFIC is to ensure that trade in wild animals is not a threat to the
conservation of nature
Which of the given statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
59. In the context of solving pollution problems, which is/are the advantage/advantages
of bioremediation techniques?
1. It is a technique of cleaning up pollution by enhancing the same biodegradation
process that occurs in nature
2. Any contaminant with heavy metals such as cadmium and lead can be readily and
completely treated by bioremediation using microorganisms
3. Genetic engineering can be used to create microorganisms specifically designed for
bioremediation
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3
60. Due to some reasons if there is a huge fall in the population of a species of
butterflies, what could be its likely consequence/consequences?
1. Pollination of some plants could be adversely affected
2. There could be a drastic increase in the fungal infection of some cultivated plants
3. It could lead to a fall in the population of some species of wasps, spiders and birds
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
61. In the context of mitigating the impending global warming due to anthropogenic
emissions of carbon dioxide, which of the following can be the potential sites for
carbon sequestration?
1. Abandoned and uneconomic coal seams
2. Depleted oil and gas reservoirs
3. Subterranean deep saline formations
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
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62. According to the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, which of the following animals
cannot be hunted by any person except under some provisions provided by law?
1. Gharial
2. Indian wild ass
3. Wild Buffalo
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
63. Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a standard criteria for
(a) Measuring oxygen level in blood
(b) Computing oxygen levels in forest ecosystems
(c) Pollution assay in aquatic ecosystem
(d) Assessing oxygen levels in high altitude regions
64. Consider the following statements:
1. Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC) to reduce Short Lived Climate Pollutants is a
unique initiative of G20 group of countries
2. The CCAC focusses on methane, black carbon and hydrochlorofluorocarbons
Which of the given statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
65. If you want to see gharials in their natural best habitat, which one of the following
is the best place to visit?
(a) Bhitarkanika Mangroves
(b) Chambal River
(c) Pulicat Lake
(d) Deepor Beel
66. The term M-STRIPES’ is sometimes seen in news in the context of
(a) Captive breeding of Wild Fauna
(b) Maintenance of Tiger Reservoirs
(c) Indegenous Satellite Navigation System
(d) Security of National Highways
67. In India, if a species of tortoise is declared protected under Schedule I of the Wildlife
(Protection) Act, 1972, what does it imply?
(a) It enjoys the same level of protection as tiger
(b) It no longer exists in the wild, a few individuals are under captive protection; and now
it is impossible to prevent its extinction
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(c) It is endemic to a particular region of India
(d) Both (b) and (c) stated above are correct in this context
68. Recently, there was a proposal to translocate some of the lions from their natural
habitat in Gujarat to which one of the following sites?
(a) Corbett National Park
(b) Kuno Palpur Wildlife Sanctuary
(c) Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary
(d) Sariska National Park
69. What is/are unique about ‘Kharai Camel’, a breed found in India?
1. It is capable of swimming up to three kilometres in seawater
2. It survives by grazing on mangroves
3. It lives in the wild and cannot be domesticated
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
70. With reference to an initiative called ‘The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity
(TEEB)’, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. It is an initiative hosted by UNEP, IMF and World Economic Forum
2. It is a global initiative that focuses on drawing attention to the economic benefits of
biodiversity
3. It presents an approach that can help decision-makers recognize, demonstrate and
capture the value of ecosystems and biodiversity
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
71. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
Proper design and effective implementation of UN-REDD+ Programme can
significantly contribute to
1. protection of biodiversity
2. resilience of forest ecosystems
3. poverty reduction
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
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72. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
Viruses can infect
1. bacteria
2. fungi
3. plants
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
73. In which of the following regions of India are you most likely to come across the
`Great Indian Hornbill’ in its natural habitat?
(a) Sand deserts of northwest India
(b) Higher Himalayas of Jammu and Kashmir
(c) Salt marshes of western Gujarat
(d) Western Ghats
74. ‘Gadgil Committee Report’ and ‘Kasturirangam Committee Report’, sometimes seen
in the news, are related to
(a) constitutional reforms
(b) Ganga Action Plan
(c) linking of rivers
(d) protection of Western Ghats
75. On which of the following can you find the Bureau of Energy Efficiency Star Label?
1. Ceiling fans
2. Electric geysers
3. Tubular fluorescent lamps
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
76. Consider the following statements:
1. The International Solar Alliance was launched at the United Nations Climate Change
Conference in 2015.
2. The Alliance includes all the member countries of the United Nations.
Which of the statements given above is /are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
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77. With reference to the Agreement at the UNFCCC Meeting in Paris in 2015, which of
the following statements is/are correct?
1. The Agreement was signed by all the member countries of the UN and it will go into
effect in 2017.
2. The Agreement aims to limit the greenhouse gas emissions so that the rise in average
global temperature by the end of this century does not exceed 2°C or even 1.5°C above
pre-industrial levels.
3. Developed countries acknowledged their historical responsibility in global warming
and committed to donate $1000 billion a year from 2020 to help developing countries
to cope with climate change.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
78. Consider the following statements:
Once the Central Government notifies an area as a 'Community Reserve'
1. the Chief Wildlife Warden of the State becomes the governing authority of such forest
2. hunting is not allowed in such area
3. people of such area are allowed to collect non-timber forest produce
4. people of such area are allowed traditional agricultural practices
How many of the above statements are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) Only three
(d) All four
79. Consider the following statements:
1. In India, the Biodiversity Management Committees are key to the realisation of the objectives
of the Nagoya Protocol.
2. The Biodiversity Management Committees have important functions in determining access
and benefit sharing, including the power to levy collection fees on the access of biological
resources within its jurisdiction.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
80. Consider the following statements:
Statement-1: Marsupials are not naturally found in India.
Statement-II: Marsupials can thrive only in montane grasslands with no predators.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for
Statement-I
(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for
Statement-I
(c) Statement-1 is correct Statement-II is incorrect
(d) Statement-1 is incorrect but Statement-II is correct
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81. ‘Invasive Species Specialist Group’ (that develops Global Invasive Species Database) belongs
to which one of the following organizations?
(a) The International Union for Conservation of Nature
(b) The United Nations Environment Programme
(c) The United Nations World Commission for Environment and Development
(d) The World Wide Fund for Nature
82. Consider the following fauna:
1. Lion-tailed Macaque
2. Malabar Civet
3. Sambar Deer
How many of the above are generally nocturnal or most active after sunset?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
83. Which of the following organisms perform a waggle dance for others of their kin to indicate
the direction and the distance to a source of their food?
(a) Butterflies
(b) Dragonflies
(c) Honey Bees
(d) Wasps
84. Consider the following statements:
1. Some mushrooms have medicinal properties.
2. Some mushrooms have psycho-active properties.
3. Some mushrooms have insecticidal properties.
4. Some mushrooms have bioluminescent properties.
How many of the above statements are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) Only three
(d) All four
85. Which one of the following makes a tool with a stick to scrape insects from a hole in a tree or
a log of wood?
(a) Fishing cat
(b) Orangutan
(c) Otter
(d) Sloth bear
86. Consider the following:
1. Aerosols
2. Foam agents
3. Fire retardants
4. Lubricants
In the making of how many of the above are hydrofluorocarbons used?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) Only three
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(d) All four
87. Consider the following activities:
1. Spreading finely ground basalt rock on farmlands extensively
2. Increasing the alkalinity of oceans by adding lime
3. Capturing carbon dioxide released by various industries and pumping it into abandoned
subterranean mines in the form of carbonated waters
How many of the above activities are often considered and discussed for carbon capture and
sequestration?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
88. Consider the following statements:
1. Carbon fibres are used in the manufacture of components used in automobiles and aircrafts.
2. Carbon fibres once used cannot be recycled.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
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