Worksheet on chapter two.
Instructions:
1. Read each data set carefully.
2. Decide if an ungrouped or grouped frequency distribution is more appropriate.
3. Construct the frequency distribution table.
4. Answer the questions based on the data and your table.
Data Set 1: Age of children admitted at Hospital XXX
The age (in whole numbers) of 10 children are:
8, 7, 9, 8, 6, 10, 8, 7, 9, 7
Questions:
1. Create a frequency distribution table for this data set. (Ungrouped or Grouped?)
2. How many children are age 8?
3. What is the most common age?
Data Set 2: Video Game High Scores
A group of gamers recorded their high scores on a popular racing game. The scores are:
1200, 850, 1425, 1050, 975, 1100, 1200, 1350, 800, 1025
Questions:
1. Create a frequency distribution table for this data set. (Ungrouped or Grouped?)
2. What is the range of the scores? (Highest score - Lowest score)
3. How many scores fall between 1000 and 1200 (inclusive)?
Instructions:
1. Read each scenario and analyze the data provided.
2. Identify the most appropriate diagrammatic representation for the data (e.g., bar chart,
histogram, scatter plot, etc.). Explain your reasoning.
3. If data is provided, sketch a basic representation of the chosen diagram.
4. Answer the questions based on the data and your chosen diagram.
Scenario 1: Blood Pressure Distribution
A researcher measures the systolic blood pressure of 50 adults in a rural community. The data is
presented in a table.
Questions:
1. What type of diagram would best illustrate the distribution of blood pressure in this
population (e.g., how many people fall within certain blood pressure ranges)?
2. Why wouldn't a pie chart be a good choice for this scenario?
3. Briefly sketch the chosen diagram (labeling axes if applicable).
Scenario 2: Vaccine Effectiveness
A clinical trial is conducted to assess the effectiveness of a new flu vaccine. The percentage of
participants who fell ill with the flu after receiving the vaccine is compared to the percentage
who fell ill after receiving a placebo.
Questions:
1. What type of diagram would effectively compare the vaccine's effectiveness (percentage
who didn't get sick) between the vaccine and placebo groups?
2. Sketch the chosen diagram, including labels for each group and the variable being
represented (e.g., percentage).
3. How would this diagram be different if it aimed to show the effectiveness across different
age groups (vaccine effectiveness for young adults vs. older adults)?
Scenario 3: Height and Weight Correlation
Researchers collect data on the height and weight of a group of children.
Questions:
1. What type of diagram would best reveal any potential correlation between height and
weight in this group?
2. Sketch the chosen diagram, including labels for the axes.
3. How would you interpret the data if the diagram showed a positive correlation?
Instructions: Answer each question concisely, explaining your reasoning.
1. Distinguish between ungrouped and grouped frequency distributions. Briefly explain
when you might use each in biostatistics.
2. A researcher records the number of white blood cells per microliter for 20 blood samples.
Is an ungrouped or grouped frequency table more appropriate? Why?
3. What type of diagram would best illustrate the prevalence of a specific disease across
different age groups in a population?
4. You are comparing the effectiveness of two different pain medications using patient pain
scores (0-10). Which diagram would be most effective for visualizing the results?
5. Explain why a pie chart might not be the most suitable choice for presenting the
distribution of blood pressure readings in a large population.
6. A scatter plot is used to show the relationship between two variables in biostatistics. Give
an example of a scenario where a scatter plot would be informative.
7. How can histograms help researchers understand the distribution of continuous data in
biostatistics?
8. When presenting data on survival rates after medical treatment (e.g., years survived),
what factors would you consider when choosing between a bar graph and a Kaplan-Meier
curve?
9. Tables are a common tool for data organization in biostatistics. Briefly describe two
important elements to consider when designing an effective data table.
10. Explain the importance of clear labeling (axes, titles, legends) in data presentations for
biostatistics research.
11. You are analyzing the survival rates of patients following two different surgical procedures. The
data includes survival time in months for each patient. What type of frequency distribution would
be most appropriate for presenting this data, and why?
12. Record from 20 students their favorite fruits, then tally the results and create a bar graph to show
which fruit is the most popular.
13. Record the weather for a week in your community, then calculate the frequency, relative
frequency, and cumulative frequency.
Instruction
1. Consider the birth weights (in Kilogram) of 30 children recorded as follows: then calculate mean,
median, mode, range, variance, SD, quartile (Q1, Q2, Q4) IQR, QD, CQD. 2.0, 2.1, 2.3, 3.0, 2.7,
2.8, 3.5, 3.1, 3.7, 4.0, 2.3, 3.5, 4.2, 3.7, 3.2, 2.7, 2.5, 2.7, 3.8, 3.1, 3.0, 2.6, 2.8, 2.9, 3.5, 4.1, 3.9,
2.8, 2.2, 3.1.
2. Construct frequency distribution table ( Fr, Cf, Rf, CRf, mi, class boundaries for each class) 2.0,
2.1, 2.3, 3.0, 2.7, 2.8, 3.5, 3.1, 3.7, 4.0, 2.3, 3.5, 4.2, 3.7, 3.2, 2.7, 2.5, 2.7, 3.8, 3.1, 3.0, 2.6, 2.8,
2.9, 3.5, 4.1, 3.9, 2.8, 2.2, 3.1.
Instruction: Consider the following ungrouped marks of 30 students
Construct frequency distribution table hen calculate cf, Cfr, Class mark and class boundaries of
each class, construct appropriate graph for it.
Classes Freq % rf Cf Crf CM CB
Total
Instruction: What is the most appropriate graphical method to display the following data?
a. The distribution of coronavirus in an epidemic investigation:
b. The weight of newborns in a health center:
c. The marital status of pregnant women attending ANC:
d. Treatment failure among TB patients:
e. Immunization status by sex of children in xxx woreda:
f. Ethnic group:
g. Marks of xxxx students:
