By
Dr. Yasser Abdelhamid
http://www.javatpoint.com
Overview of Java control statements
Decision-Making statements
if statement
switch statement
Control statements are used to change the
sequence of executing program code to fulfil the
desired logic of the program.
Java provides three types of control flow
statements.
Decision Making statements
if statements
switch statement
Loop statements
do while loop
while loop
for loop
for-each loop
Jump statements
break statement
continue statement
According to a conditional expression
which gives a Boolean value (True/False),
decision-making statements control the
program flow.
Syntax: We use this form when
if ( <condition> ) { we want to execute a
code block when a
<statement1> ; condition is true.
}
Example:
public class Student {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int x = 10;
int y = 12;
if (x+y > 20) {
System.out.println("x + y is greater than 20");
}
}
}
Syntax: We use this form when we
want to execute a code
if ( <condition> ) {
block when a condition is
<statement1>;
true, and execute another
}
code block if it is false.
else {
<statement2>;
}
Example:
public class Student {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int x = 10;
int y = 12;
if(x+y < 10) {
System.out.println("x + y is less than 10");
} else {
System.out.println("x + y is greater than 20");
}
}
}
Syntax:
if( <condition1> ) {
<statement1>; We use this form when we
} have multiple conditions and
else if( <condition2> ) { multiple code blocks to
<statement2>;
} execute when each of these
else { conditions is true.
<statement3>;
}
Example:
public class Student {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String city = “Unknown";
if(city == “Cairo") {
System.out.println("city is Cairo");
}else if (city == “Aswan") {
System.out.println("city is Aswan");
}else if(city == “Alexandria") {
System.out.println("city is Alexandria");
}else {
System.out.println(city);
}
}
}
Syntax:
if(<condition1>) { Nested conditions implement
<statement1>; logical AND of multiple
if(<condition 2>) { conditions
<statement 2>;
}
else {
statement 2;
}
}
public class Student {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String address = “12";
if(address.endsWith(“2")) {
if(address.contains(“1")) {
System.out.println(“String is 12");
}else {
System.out.println(“String ends with 2");
}
}
}
}
Switch statement is an easy way to
implement multiple if statements.
The case variables can be int, short, byte,
char, or enumeration. String type is also
supported since version 7 of Java
Cases cannot be duplicate.
Break statement terminates the switch
block when the condition is satisfied.
It is optional, if not used, next case is
executed.
Syntax:
switch (<expression>){
case <value 1>:
<statement1>;
break;
.
.
.
case <value N>:
<statement>;
break;
default:
<default statement>;
}
public class Student {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int num = 2;
switch (num){
case 0:
System.out.println("number is 0");
break;
case 1:
System.out.println("number is 1");
break;
default:
System.out.println(num);
}
}
}
Translate each of the examples mentioned
in this lecture into flowcharts.
Translate all examples and exercises that
you have taken in sections into Java code.
