NP-2 OB/PEDIA 11. C.
Further assess the mother's feeding
technique and knowledge of breast care
Signs point to mastitis; improper technique
is a risk factor.
Neonatal Jaundice and Newborn Care 12. D. Pinkish to brownish vaginal discharge
This is lochia serosa, normal at 2 days
1. D. Shield the baby's eyes and protect the postpartum.
gonads 13. A. Having some pink striae but starting to
Phototherapy can damage eyes and gonads fade
if not protected. Expected 6 weeks postpartum finding.
2. D. Anasarca 14. A. Kegel exercises
Generalized edema is a classic sign of Strengthens pelvic floor, prevents
erythroblastosis fetalis. incontinence and prolapse.
3. B. Hematocrit 24% 15. C. Tone
Low Hct indicates anemia, common in Uterine atony is the most common cause of
erythroblastosis fetalis. postpartum hemorrhage.
4. A. Newborn's blood
Direct Coombs test checks antibodies bound
to RBCs in the newborn.
5. D. Grasping the calf firmly may prevent Embryologic Germ Layers
harm throughout the procedure
Stabilizes leg and reduces injury risk; 16. A. Ectoderm
warming is preferred over icing. Forms brain, spinal cord, skin, and nerves.
17. B. Mesoderm
Forms heart, muscles, bones.
18. C. Endoderm
Newborn & Postpartum Assessment Forms inner linings, including trachea and
esophagus.
6. B. Passage of meconium within the first 19. D. AOTA
24 hours Avoid alcohol, smoking, workplace
Normal finding; jaundice within 12 hrs or teratogens to prevent birth defects.
bleeding is abnormal.
7. A. Reassure her that this is a normal
reflex reaction for her baby
This is the Moro reflex – normal newborn Family Planning
reaction.
8. C. A sharply outlined, spongy area of 20. B. 6 hours
edema Diaphragm must remain for at least 6 hours
Indicates cephalhematoma, not normal. post-intercourse.
9. D. Document findings as within normal 21. A. Oral contraceptives
range Smoking + OCPs increase thromboembolic
Findings suggest acrocyanosis, milia, risk, especially >35 y/o.
erythema toxicum – all normal. 22. B. Take two pills now then continue
10. B. A normal biologic response tomorrow with your usual schedule
Physiologic jaundice peaks after 48–72 hrs, For 2 missed pills, this is correct.
not an immediate concern. 23. D. Tell her daughter that accepting drugs
is fine if she is with her close friends
Never suggest drug use; this is dangerous.
24. C. “Kapag bumaba po ang temperature
Postpartum Home Follow-Up ko tapos kinabukasan biglang tumaas…”
BBT rises after ovulation, avoid intercourse No universal medical mandate for
until 2 days after rise. circumcision.
25. D. II, IV (Spinnbarkeit and Ferning) 38. C. Choanal atresia
These changes indicate peak fertility. Life-threatening if newborn can’t breathe
through the nose.
39. C. ABG
Arterial blood gas evaluates respiratory
Pregnancy Diagnostic Tests function and oxygenation
26. B. Void immediately before the procedure
Empty bladder reduces risk of puncture Respiratory & Pediatric Asthma
during amniocentesis.
27. D. Chromosomal Defects 40. D. Blow a pinwheel
AFP helps detect Down syndrome, neural 👉 Fun task for kids that helps lengthen the
tube defects. expiratory phase.
28. C. Maternal blood sample 41. D. Albuterol
AFP test uses mother’s blood. 👉 A short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) used
29. B. 4 months by an ultrasound for acute asthma attacks.
External genitalia are usually visible by 16 42. B. When was the child's last dose of
weeks. medication?
30. C. Fetal Heart reactivity 👉 Tells you how long they’ve been without
This is assessed via non-stress test, not bronchodilation; critical in status
sonogram. asthmaticus.
31. D. “The ultrasound identifies blood flow
through the umbilical cord”
This refers to Doppler, not standard
ultrasound. Maternal Assessment – Danger Signs
32. A. It suggests extreme prematurity
Oligohydramnios is not primarily related to 43. D. 34 weeks' gestation complains of
prematurity. epigastric pain and oliguria
👉 Signs of preeclampsia complications like
HELLP syndrome; refer immediately.
44. D. Altered glomerular filtration
Infant Development & Immediate Newborn 👉 Swelling in face/hands during late
Care pregnancy = renal involvement in
preeclampsia.
33. B. 15 lbs 45. A. IUGR
1-year-old weight is typically triple the birth 👉 Vasospasm in preeclampsia leads to poor
weight. uteroplacental perfusion → Intrauterine
34. C. The baby is at high risk for infection Growth Restriction.
and must be protected at all times 46. D. Consume a well-balanced diet
Neonates are immunocompromised. 👉 Not sodium restriction unless severe;
35. B. 0.25 mL overall balance improves maternal-fetal
0.5 mg ÷ 2 mg/mL = 0.25 mL dose. health.
36. D. Apply pulse oximeter to check for 47. D. Bed Rest helps in increasing amount of
oxygen saturation oxygen receive by the fetus
Bluish extremities may be acrocyanosis, but 👉 Increases uteroplacental circulation and
must assess O2 level. reduces blood pressure.
37. B. A statement from the DOH asserts that
circumcision is highly personal
Maternal Adaptation – Hormones & Newborn Care
Physiology
58. C. Infant born with diabetic mother
48. B. Increased estrogen levels 👉 At risk for hypoglycemia and cold stress
👉 Causes nasal congestion via vascular due to immature thermoregulation.
engorgement of nasal mucosa. 59. B. Acrocyanosis
49. D. Residual volume is increased up to 👉 Blue extremities, mottled skin, and
20% because of the pressure from the coolness indicate cold stress.
diaphragm 60. C. Endotracheally
❌ Incorrect – Residual volume is 👉 Surfactant is instilled directly into the
decreased, not increased. lungs via ET tube.
50. C. i, ii, iii, iv, v 61. A. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
👉 Incorrect statement: "It subsides after 3rd 👉 Common in preterm babies due to
trimester" – should be after 1st trimester. prolonged O2 therapy.
✅ Correct answer: D. i, ii, iv, v
Legal Knowledge
Weight Gain & Nutrition During
Pregnancy 62. C. RA 11053
👉 Anti-Hazing Law of 2018, prohibits
51. A. 25 - 35 lbs hazing in fraternities, sororities,
👉 For normal BMI (18.5–24.9) during organizations.
pregnancy.
52. A. 25 - 35 lbs
👉 Cassy is normal BMI based on height and
weight. EINC and Immediate Newborn Care (63–
53. A. 0.4 mg daily 67)
👉 Recommended folic acid dose during
pregnancy. 63. B. Dry the baby thoroughly immediately after
54. D. Advise to consume protein-rich foods giving birth
👉 Protein is vital for fetal growth and
maternal health. Drying is the first step of thermal protection —
55. C. Can you tell me what you ate done before the cord is clamped/cut.
yesterday?
👉 Best method = 24-hour dietary recall. 64. D. Skin-to-skin contact by placing the baby over
the mother’s chest
Essential newborn care recommends immediate
Constipation & Supplementation skin-to-skin contact.
56. C. Docusate sodium may be taken if 65. A. Cleaning with cooled, boiled water and
dietary measures fail leaving it uncovered
👉 Stool softener safe for pregnancy.
57. D. Ask per participating mothers what DOH recommendation is to keep the stump dry
they eat in a day and clean, no ointments or covering.
👉 Assessing actual intake is the best basis
for nutritional advice. 66. B. Newborns have no intestinal bacteria
Gut flora needed for vitamin K synthesis is absent at
birth, increasing bleeding risk.
67. C. Properly timed cord clamping 76. B. Hookworm/Whipworm infection as problem
in specified areas
Delay clamping 1–3 minutes to prevent anemia,
improve iron stores. Mebendazole 500mg single dose for children 12–24
months in endemic areas.
77. C. 30 days
Prehospital/Pre-institutional OB
Emergency (68–73) Iron supplementation: 30–90 days for children with
anemia.
68. C. Place in puncture-proof containers
78. B. Children who has received vitamin A in the
DOH and WHO recommend proper sharps disposal. last 3 months
69. B. It prevents threatened miscarriage to change Vitamin A supplementation should not be repeated
to imminent within 3 months unless severe deficiency.
Coitus may stimulate uterine contractions in
threatened abortion.
Documentation & Prioritization (79–83)
70. C. Cervical dilation
79. C. Diminished palpable peripheral pulses
Imminent abortion = dilated cervix + bleeding +
pain. Suggests circulatory compromise, priority over
anxiety/allergies.
71. D. About the sixth (6th) week of pregnancy
80. D. Receiving IV potassium and complains of
Ectopic pregnancies often rupture at 6–8 weeks. burning at the IV site
72. A. 30/15 mmHg over the baseline... or 140/90 Potassium is vesicant → risk of extravasation.
mmHg and over
81. A. “Client's skin is blanched over the scapular
Diagnostic for gestational hypertension. areas”
73. A. Disappearance of knee-jerk reflex Sign of pressure injury — concerning post-labor.
Early sign of MgSO₄ toxicity. 82. A. Client is nauseated and has vomited 6 times
in 24 hours
Possible dehydration/hyperemesis — urgent for
IMCI & Child Survival (74–78) pregnant women.
74. C. Severe malnutrition/severe anemia 83. A. Begin charting on the next line... and make a
note for the day nurse to make a late entry
Severe wasting + palmar pallor = severe
classification under IMCI. Continue documentation; do not alter or delay.
75. C. Anemia
Some palmar pallor = non-severe anemia. Child Development (84–88)
84. A. By 12 to 18 months of age Oxytocin causes uterine contractions (afterpains)
during breastfeeding.
Normal closure of anterior fontanel.
85. D. Coordinates hand to eye movement in an
orderly and progressive manner Growth and Development (94–98)
Fine motor = small muscle coordination (e.g., 94. C. Free play with adult supervision
grasping).
Best suited across toddler to preschool age.
86. C. Autonomy vs shame and doubt
95. B. He might believe that his behavior causes his
Toddlers assert independence (Erikson). own death
87. D. Gently touch shoulder... firm eye-to-eye Preschool to early school-age exhibit magical
contact thinking.
Appropriate redirection technique. 96. C. Social and physical abilities
88. A. “This behavior is a defense mechanism...” DDST screens development in four areas: gross
motor, fine motor, language, personal-social.
Regression is common due to stress from
hospitalization. 97. D. Sit alone using the hands for support
7-month-olds sit with support; pulling to stand at 9
mo.
Labor & Delivery (89–93)
98. D. The child participates in being potty-trained
89. A. Determine if Nicole’s bladder is distended
Toddlers gain sphincter control → milestone in
A full bladder may impede fetal descent. autonomy.
90. A. 8
Apgar: Pink body + blue extremities (1), good cry Reproductive Anatomy (99–100)
(2), HR 140 (2), reflex (2), flexion sluggish (1) →
Total = 8. 99. A. Bartholin gland
91. B. Encourage the mother to take in fluids Lubricates vaginal opening.
Temp up to 38°C within 24 hrs postpartum is 100. D. It is extremely narrow where tubal
normal, often from dehydration. sterilization is done
92. B. The mother feeds her infant on demand The isthmus is the narrowest part, site of ligation.
Frequent feeding reduces engorgement.
93. D. Describe how hormones in breastfeeding
work
