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Database Design Tutorial: Learn Data Modeling
What is Database Design?
Database Design is a collection of processes
that facilitate the designing, development,
implementation and maintenance of
enterprise data management systems.
Properly designed database are easy to
maintain, improves data consistency and are
cost effective in terms of disk storage space.
The database designer decides how the data
elements correlate and what data must be
stored.
The main objectives of database designing are to produce logical and physical designs
models of the proposed database system.
The logical model concentrates on the data requirements and the data to be stored
independent of physical considerations. It does not concern itself with how the data will be
stored or where it will be stored physically.
The physical data design model involves translating the logical design of the database onto
physical media using hardware resources and software systems such as database
management systems (DBMS).
In this tutorial, you will learn-
Why Database Design is Important ?
Database development life cycle
Requirements analysis
Database designing
Implementation
Types of Database Techniques
Why Database Design is Important ?
It helps produce database systems
1. That meet the requirements of the users
2. Have high performance.
Database designing is crucial to high performance database system.
Note , the genius of a database is in its design . Data operations using SQL is relatively simple
Database development life cycle
(/images/DatabaseDesignProcess(1).png)
The database development life cycle has a number of stages that are followed when
developing database systems.
The steps in the development life cycle do not necessary have to be followed religiously in a
sequential manner.
On small database systems, the database system development life cycle is usually very
simple and does not involve a lot of steps.
In order to fully appreciate the above diagram, let's look at the individual components listed
in each step.
Requirements analysis
Planning - This stages concerns with planning of entire Database Development Life Cycle
It takes into consideration the Information Systems strategy of the organization.
System definition - This stage defines the scope and boundaries of the proposed
database system.
Database designing
Logical model - This stage is concerned with developing a database model based on
requirements. The entire design is on paper without any physical implementations or
specific DBMS considerations.
Physical model - This stage implements the logical model of the database taking into
account the DBMS and physical implementation factors.
Implementation
Data conversion and loading - this stage is concerned with importing and converting data
from the old system into the new database.
Testing - this stage is concerned with the identification of errors in the newly
implemented system .It checks the database against requirement specifications.
Two Types of Database Techniques
1. Normalization
2. ER Modeling
Let's study them one by one
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