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BR-263
November 2006

This table is intended to show the relationship between the set of ongoing and completed studies forming the ESA
General Studies Programme (GSP), and the overall ESA programmes over the period from 2000 until 2035. Both
the GSP studies and the ESA programmes are grouped into the following study domains, to reflect their nature and
aims:

Basic activities: required to develop and maintain the fundamental elements on which a space policy depends for
its implementation: access to space, technology base, industrial capabilities, ground facilities, context analysis and ESA General
new working methodologies.

Inspirational activities: Sciences (Earth-, Space-, Life- and Physical-) and human and robotic exploration. Studies Programme
Utilitarianactivities: developing space systems to support public services (meteorology, environment, disaster
management, education, energy, agriculture, etc.) and commercial offerings (telecommunication, navigation and
imagery) for the benefit of citizens.
(GSP)
The colour associated with a given programme and/or mission indicates its current status: already developed,
approved for development, or waiting for approval. The colour code associated with the GSP studies indicates the
status of the study (completed or on-going), and it also indicates if the study is directly related to a particular mission
or if its implications are too broad to be assigned to a single mission or programme. Cases in which studies do not
materialise specific missions and/or programmes are contemplated, since they still had/have/will have an influence
on future decision making about programmes and/or missions.

In front of each study is a code that indicates: Year/Category/Order. The letters correspond to the categories
mentioned above:
• B, N, L for Basic
• I, S for Inspirational
• U, A, for Utilitarian. Time Line
The annex to the table lists studies directly related to policy, economics, or strategy. Since these studies have an
influence at corporate level they have consequences for the "Agency's life" as a whole, independent of programme,
category of activity, or Directorate.

In summary this table offers an overall, colourful, and graphical perspective of ESA’s GSP activities, giving a
simultaneous overview of the process of concept maturation, and the role of innovation in the design of European
space missions and programmes.

Concerning ESA Missions / Programme Concerning GSP Studies: Studies ongoing, results
Missions Programmes: Approved for Development having an impact during the
specified year

Missions / Programme Studies completed, having an

Awaiting Approval impact during the specified
year

Missions / Programme Studies having not

Developed materialised into a mission or
programme, but still relevant
for ongoing activities at ESA
or outside ESA
GSP_leaflet_cover 6/13/07 12:19 PM Page 2

Planning for ESA Missions (1999 – 2001)

Time Line* 2000 2001 Political/economic/strategic studies list

BASIC
96 A10: Financial impact of industrial-return constraints (ex-95/A10)
96 A20: Direct economic effects of ESA programmes
96 R50: Direct economic effects of the Ariane programmes (ex-95/R10)
Zevzda module ISS First ISS habitation crew Leonardo on ISS
(Europe’s multi-
97 A47: Inventory, monitoring and management of fresh water
Proba-1 Artemis – Spot 4
purpose logistics laser link 97 L75: Dépendance stratégique et programme européen
module on ISS)
97 L81: Réflection sur l’évolution de l’ESA
97 L82: Les industriels de la défense aux États Unis et en Europe
GSP Studies 99N61: Assessment of metallic joining techniques in 95N60: Future Satellite Concepts, Technologies etc.
space environment: Materials, Processes and Specific (ex-94/N60) 97 L84: University-industry relations in the space domain (2)
Tools 98 A95: Feasibility study for software engineering activities at Vilspa (ESAC)
99N65: Development of Launcher Tracking and
98 L30: Use of ESA facilities by private companies
Telemetry Acquisition by Data-Relay Satellites
98 L35: Legal support to the definition of innovative financing schemes
98 L55: Study on evaluation of European space facilities
98 L56: Legal aspects of the rationalisation of European space facilities
INSPIRATIONAL
98 L65: Réflection sur l’avenir de l’ESA (rider to 97L81)
98 L66: Réalisation de fiches sur l'industrie de certains pays
98 L83: University-industry relations in the space domain (1)
Cluster-II 98 N91: Short electrodynamic tethers for deorbiting/reorbiting small satellites
99 N97: Study of ESA outreach activities
00 L05: Concept study on the creation of a European entity to foster joint space projects with Russia
GSP Studies
00 L10: Study on innovation in non-space domains
00 L55: Study on the evaluation of European space facilities (CCN to 98/L55)
00S96: Feasibility analysis for a study on economic & scientific benefits of the ESA Science Programme
01 L20: Assessment of the European launcher production industry (ex-00/L20)
01 L25: Assessment of the European space software industry (ex 00/L25)
01 L30: Assessment of the European space ground-segment industry (ex 00/L30)
UTILITARIAN
01 L91: Study on the implementation of an ESA observatory
01 L92: Study on processes used to forecasting beyond 2020 (CCN to 01/L91)
01 N21 and 02N22: Distributed concurrent development
01 S87: Survey and funding of RTD projects recently funded by the EC in the field of biotechnology
(00/S87)
EuroMoon Artemis 01 S88: ESA coordination with the European Commission for pursuit of joint projects (00/S88)
01 S89: Support to preparation of proposals to the European Commission for map projects of joint
GSP Studies 99N95: Study Lunarsat Propulsion 96T20: North American scenario for the evolution of broadband ESA/EC interest in biomedical areas (ex 00/S89)
99N96: Study Filter Wheel services (ex-95/T55)
02 A16: The potential of spaceborne remote sensing to contribute to the quantification of anthropogenic
97S42/43/44/45 – 97C11-97V10 New millennium 96T30: Appl. scenarios & architect. for future broadband mobile
activity: EuroMoon sat. comms. emissions in the context of the Kyoto Protocol
97S46/47/48: New millennium activity: Solar Sail 96T40: Appl. scenarios & architect. for global, high-capacity sat. 02 L25: Global view of the Space Industry in ESA Member States
96N75: Preparation of a synthesis report on comms.
02 L92: Study on the implementation of an ESA observatory (CCN to 01/L91)
breakthrough technologies at research centres
97N40: Knowledge-based system technology applied 03 L20: Study of European Cooperating States
to mission control 03 L21: Satellite user equipment supplier study
03 L37: Technical assistance for ESA in the assessment of space and security policy in Europe
04 L20: Study of European Cooperating States
04 L28: Study proposal for the realisation of a European Space Centre for Social and Commercial
Applications
04 LXX: ESA’s first approach in the prospective field
*See back page of
brochure for colour
coding key, etc.
GSP_LEAFLET 6/13/07 12:31 PM Page 1

Planning for Future ESA Missions (2028 – 2035) Planning for ESA Missions (2002 – 2003) Planning for ESA Missions (2003 – 2004) Planning for ESA Missions (2005 – 2006)

Time Line 2028 2032 2035 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

BASIC

GSP Studies

INSPIRATIONAL
ISS exploitation activities with EADS
Deep-space ground station at New Norcia Ariane-5 (514/V160) Ariane-5 ECA (LAU) Ariane-5 ES (LAU) Sloshsat Proba- 2.25 (TEC)

06B22: A tool for radiative transfer modelling of planetary environments in the

03L05: Globus support to GRID study 01A11/12/13/14: Treaty enforcement services using Earth observation: 98A30: ATM based distribution of high-volume environmental and 05B03: Advanced Planning & Scheduling Initiative Sun’s reflected and thermally emitted electromagnetic spectrum
Automatic Mars Mission Cargo Element of Mars Mission Human Mission to Mars 01N05: Study of GRIDS and collaborative environment for space applications (SpaceGRID) wetlands/desertification/carbon/MARPOL microgravity data 04L31: Space-weather pilot project
(HME) (HME) (HME) 02N05: CCN to SpaceGRID - new QinetiQ travel plan and costs 96C10/15: Adaptive Space Station systems for an international
Moon programme 00L40 – 00L39: ESA Space Weather Programme
GSP Studies 98S40: System concepts, architectures & 02S91: Study to validate and 03N16: Multidisciplinary 96C20: Space Station educational applications study 03W12: Spacecraft Hazard and Anomaly Forecasting Tool (SHAFT)
technologies for space exploration slightly adapt a water recycling optimisation in mission 03W08: Solar Wind Monitoring and Induction Modelling for GICs
00S54: Future power systems for space system for a Mars simulation analysis and design process 03W16 : SIDC - Solar Influence Data Analysis Centre
exploration campaign in Concordia (south 04L52/53: Ariadna - Advanced
02S54: Future power systems for space pole) global optimisation tools for
exploration (CCN to 00/S54) 00S56: Automation and mission analysis and design
02N94: 'Martian' in-situ propulsion system robotics for human Mars 04L56/57: Ariadna -
02L54: European options for exploration exploration Assessment of mission design Huygens Astro-F Venus
missions 03S78: Mars atmosphere including utilisation of libration Maxus 5 SMART-1 Double Star 1 ACES Phase- Lisa Pathfinder Double star 2 Maxus 6 launch Astro E2 landing on CryoSat (SCI) Express Foton M2 GOCE Corot Node-2
00S51: European mission architectures and thermodynamic tables points and weak stability Foton-M1 Integral Mars Express launch C/D contract Rosetta Phase-B2/C/D launch (SCI) Titan failure (EOP) (SCI) (EOP) (SCI) (HME)
technologies in the Mars exploration scenario 01L46: Exobiology mission to boundaries
01L55/56: Industrial support to the set-up of a Mars 03L34: Study on space
framework for the European exploration of the 01L57: MHD concept for nuclear reactor developments: 02N93: Magnetospheric Propulsion for Science Exploration 96M36: Technical support to science team study on exobiology (Moon/Mars) - 7 97S82: EP lunar trajectory analysis for SMART 03S35: VLBI tracking of the Huygens Titan Probe
Solar System robotic and human exploration Possible cooperation with 96M37-97S91: Exobiology science team 97S92: Study of SMART-1 mission
03L82: Potential for co-operation between of the Solar System terrestrial nuclear entities in 97S80: Definition study of Mars Express (1)
RKA and ESA in the area of exploration 02N99 / 03N99: Hydrogen the frame of the Aurora Phase-A study Integral 96N60: Landing-site analysis (1)
04L82: Potential for co-operation between storage in microspheres Programme 95D50: Assessment of ballistic re-entry & return operations (ex-94/D20)
RKA and ESA in the area of exploration (CCN (Phase 1: Theory) 04L83: Radio-isotope power 01S98: Study Workshop on ESA's Roadmap in Life & Physical Sciences & Applications
to 03/L82) - Review of the ESA human sources (ex 00/S98)
mission to Mars 04L26/27: Bionics and space
02S87: MARSTECHCARE, necessary system design 94S10 Phase-A study of Intermarsnet
biomedical technologies for crew health 04L60/61/63/64/33/78/51/54/5 98S50: Mars Express - Netlander study
control during long-duration interplanetary 5/58/59/73/74/75/77: Ariadna 01A19: Crater Detection (Survey of Algorithms for Automatic Recognition of
manned missions studies Impact Craters)
00S55: Study on the survivability and 03A25 and 05A25: Impact Crater Discovery Galileo
adaptation of humans to long-duration GSTB-V2/A
interplanetary and planetary environments AmerHis project GSTB-V2/B MetOp-1 Radarsat-2 MSG-2 TerraSar-X MetOp-1
99S10: Phase-A study of a multi user facility Envisat MSG Swarm geomagnetic survey selected (NAV) (EOP) (EOP) (EOP) (EOP)
for exobiology research (ex 98/S10)
99S11: Phase-A study of a multi-user facility
for exobiology research (parallel competitive 95E60: Impact of surf. anisotrop. on large scale opt. imag. sens. (ex-94/E60) 03S46 and 02N90: Floating bare tether as active upper-atmosphere 96S10: Phase-B2 study of H-maser clock 01A21 Application of Synthetic Aperture Radar Polarimetry: XCLP
to 99/S10) 95E75: Retrieval algortihms for a backscatter lidar (ex-94/E75) probe 95T15 – 95T30: Second-generation GNSS mission analysis (parallel contract) 00A08 Establishment of SAR land products and standard algorithms for
02L49: Concept study of a Mars mission 95E80: Spectroscopic database for mm and sub-mm wavelengths (ex-94/E80) 96T10: European regional GNSS 2 commercial and public service applications
simulation using the IBMP simulation facility 95E85: Earth radiation budget mission scenario (ex-94E85) 97A55: Sea-level research study on the benefits of high resolution 00A45 Validation of mobile stations for reception and processing of SAR
95E90: Absorpt. cross-section of ozone, sulphur dioxide, etc. (ex-94/E90) 98S83: Definition of observations requirements to support future Earth explorations data in real time
96E15: Simulation of atmospheric infrared spectra 00S04: Future Earth Observation Missions: The Sea Ice Mission 99S84: Scaling problems and sensor parameter selection for a synthetic
UTILITARIAN 96E25: Doppler wind lidar impact study 0005: Future Earth Observation Missions: The Ocean Salinity Mission aperture radar Earth Watch mission (ex 98/S84)
96E35: Land-coastal ocean interaction 96E20: Retrieval of atmospheric space gas profiles from infrared SP
96E45: Validation of SAR interaction model 00S01: APP-FSA: Future Earth Observation Missions: Atmospheric Chemistry (1)
96E65: Synergetic measurements from passive instruments and a cloud radar 01S02: Future Earth Observation Missions: Atmospheric Chemistry 2 (ex 00/S02)
96E75: Spatial resol. & radiometry accuracy of spaceborne SAR data prod. for hydrology 03A23: Operational Atmospheric Chemistry Monitoring Missions
96E80: Spatial and spectral scales of spaceborne imaging spectrometric data 01S03: Future Earth Observation Missions: Soil Moisture (ex 00/S03)
02A10: Study for the monitoring of fires in the Mediterranean Area using MSG data (CCN) 96E30: Passive microwave radiometer data for precipitation determination
98A81: The retrieval of geo- & bio-physical information from remote sensing 97S35: Retrieval from sub-mm sounding
Solar Power Satellites 99A32 : Mise en Place d'un System de Surveillance des Culture Illicites au Moyens des Satellites d'Observation de la Terre (ex 98/A25)
94E25: Cloud detection (ex-93/E65)
GSP Studies 05U12: Solar Power from Space 95E10: Earth radiation budget - general-purpoe database (ex-93/E25)
Programme Plan – Phase II 95E15: Water-vapour continuum (ex-93/E50)
95E30: Spectral and radiometric calibration (ex-94/E30)
95E40: Study & measurement of dielectric properties of sea water (ex-94/E40)
GSP_LEAFLET 6/13/07 12:31 PM Page 2

Planning for Future ESA Missions (2007 – 2008) Planning for Future ESA Missions (2009 – 2010) Planning for Future ESA Missions (2011– 2013) Planning for Future ESA Missions (2014 – 2026)

Time Line 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2020 2025 2026

BASIC

ATV-2 (HME) ATV-4 (HME) EVD (HME)

ATV-1 Jules Vernes IXV (FLPP) Socrates Hercules FLPP planned first launch between
Vega (LAU) (HME) Proba-2 (TEC) Soyuz (LAU) Proba 3 (TEC) ATV-5 (FLPP) ATV- 6 (HME) ATV-7 (HME) (FLPP) 2016 and 2021 (LAU)

05B04: Application of concurrent engineering methodologies to improve the 05B10: Feasibility study of a wide-area 05B12: Formation-flying demonstration mission 05B01: Use of Galileo for launch vehicle services 06B26: Optical flow navigation systems for landing 06B24: Feasibility study for
GSP Studies treatment of anomalies during a project life-cycle high-precision navigation service for 04L41: Definition of human transportation systems for LEO and 05B08: Feasibility and applications of optical clocks as 05B18: Study on the use of 25.5-27 GHz band in ESA ground stations 04N11: ATV Evolution 97/N96 Assessment of small reusable launcher a reduced planetary
06B28: Round-trip engineering for space systems EGNOS and Galileo exploration missions frequency and time references in ESA deep-space 06B34: Distributed agents for autonomy development navigation and
06B30: Space instrument design modelling in concurrent engineering approach 04N15: Industrial consolidation of an atmospheric re-entry
stations 05B06: Establishement of a draft European safety plan for nuclear power sources for communication system
04A11: VEGA ISS servicing experimental vehicle
02L43 and 03L42 and 04L42: Launch of space.
97N20 and 97N21: ATV enhancements for additional missions 04S74, 04S75: Pre-Phase-A study of Earth re-entry vehicle/capsule
the manned Soyuz-TMA spacecraft from 00N93: Aerobraking (ex - 98/N93) 05B14: Novel gravitational modelling of irregular celestial bodies
04A42: Feasibility study of the implementation of an infrared hyperspectral CSG Kourou + CCN
sensor on Proba 01N68: Concept of foldable wing re-entry vehicle

INSPIRATIONAL
Earth
Explorer Human Mission Technology
Mission Earth BepiColombo Gaia Technology Pre-cursor Human Moon
Herschel Planck Microscope Columbus Lisa Pathfinder Node-3 EUSO (SCI) Core 3 Cupola Explorer JWST LISA ExoMars 1st NEO (SCI) (SCI) Solar Orbiter Mars Sample Return Darwin*** Xeus** Hyper Demonstrator Mission Mission
(SCI) (SCI) (HME) (SCI) (HME) (EOP) (HME) Lobster (SCI) Opp 4 (SCI) (SCI) (HME) Mission (SCI) (HME) (SCI) (SCI) (SCI) (HME) (HME) (HME)

06I25: Assessment of vegetation photosynthesis through observations 06I15: Observation techniques and mission concepts for 03S69/70-04S69/70/71-03L71: Phase-A study of ExoMars mission 97S50: Solar System: Mercury 06I17: Observation and mission concepts for 05I01/03: XEUS telescope 02S66: 06I09: Cosmic Vision FIR 06I11: Cosmic Vision 97N91: Lunar nuclear
GSP Studies 05I19: Remote sensing inputs for regional to global CO2 concentration 01A95: Ultra-stable optical link for ISS of solar induced fluorescence from space analysis of the global carbon cycle 03L81: Engineering support on Rover Locomotion for ExoMars Rover Phase-A orbiter chemistry – climate interactions accommodation HYPER: Fundamental Physics 06I13: Cosmic Vision Jupiter power systems
98S83: Definition of observational requirements for support to a future 05I23: Exploiting longer wavelength SAR data for the improvement of surface process modelling
data assimilation (ex 00/A95) 06I29: Assessing SAR calibration requirements over land 05I37: From Huygens to the Exploration Programme: Lessons learnt from the design, development, 05I40: Absolute long-distance 06I42: Antenna element integrated into the 05I05-06I07: Studies on Darwin Industrial 06I44: Novel time-synchronisation techniques for deep- 04L41: Definition of
Earth Explorer atmospheric chemistry mission
05I21: Gravity improvement of ocean shelf circulation model simulations using geophysical retrieval algorithms qualification and flight operations of the Huygens entry probe. measurement with (sub) parachute for future landers and entry probes assessment study Feasibility space missions human transportation
02S29: The scientific analysis of limb-sounding observations of the
06I27: Monitoring and modelling individual sources of mass transport upper troposphere 05I31: ACRAS (Advanced Concepts for Radar Sounder) 00N94: Study on NEO hazard and options for mitigation micron-accuracy for formation- Study systems for LEO and
in the Earth system by means of satellites 00N57: ISS utilisation for antenna testing (CCN to contract 14067) 02L50/51/52/53/60/61: Near-Earth Objects space mission preparation flight applications. 05I46: Isotope heated acoustic MHD concept 97S60: Astronomy: the interferometry exploration missions
00N56: Use of the Space Station for measurements of satellite and 02S41: Phase-A level studies of LOBSTER 98S80: Payload suite and telescope for NGST 00S95: Preparation for study Cornerstone - 1 (astrometry) 03N54: Stirling engines for reliable and efficient electrical 96N15: Lunar landing
04S41: Phase-A level studies of LOBSTER (CCN to 02/S41) 00S92: Understanding the distribution of Near-Earth Objects
Earth-based antennas 02S40: Phase-A level studies of EUSO selection of Cornerstone 5 - 04S31: Solar Orbiter assessment study power in space (CCN to 00/S54) system (ex-95/N10)
98S86: Visible wavelength camera/spectrograph for NGST
00S20: Study of Near-Infrared Multi-Object Spectrograph for NGST using MEMS technology BepiColombo 04S32: Solar Orbiter assessment study 01S65: DARWIN – Fast Interferometer 03N92: Benefits of adaptive optics for future 95N20: Radioisotope
UTILITARIAN 01S62: Study of the optics module for the Mid-Infrared Instrument for NGST 00S68: BepiColombo 02L44: Mars Sample Return Mission study Characterisation (FINCH) communication links to and from spacecraft at deep- energy storage for
01S22: Study of alternatives to MEMS for generating versatile slit masks for a Near-Infrared Multi- Radioscience Experiment 03S72: Phase-A study of a Mars Sample 03S33/34: Darwin-Genie Instrument space distances lunar missions
Object Spectrograph for NGST (ex 00/S25) (RSE) definition and Return mission Definition Study (1) 99N51, 99N54, 99N53: Propulsion 2000: Assessment of
01S23 Update of IFS compatible with recommended specifications (ex 00/S30)
01S24: Study of Near-Infrared Multi-Object Spectrograph for NGST using MEMS technology accommodation - 1 04S73: Phase-A study of a Mars Sample 00N42 and 00N27: Definition of a new needs for advanced space propulsion for the next 01S92 and 01S91:
Galileo (1-12) (parallel to 00/S20) 02S69/70/71-02L41: Studies Return mission formation-flying demonstration mission Century Controlled gravity
IOV-1 IOV-2 MetOp-2 GMES Galileo 01S59: Study of Near-Infrared Multi-Object Spectrograph for NGST using MEMS technology on BepiColombo 01N58: Alternative electrical energy generation 00A40: Autonomy requirements and spacecraft propulsion
ADM-Aeolus SMOS Galileo Galileo Swarm (EOP) Alphabus (EOP) Sentinel-1 (13-26) (CCN01 to 00/S20) 99S50: Solar System: Mercury for near-Sun spacecraft (<1 AU) based on technologies for future constellations of programme
(EOP) (EOP) Alphasat (EUI) (EOP) 01S63: Study of the NGST Mid-Infrared Instrument Cryostat orbiter (rider to 97/S50) thermoelectric generators satellites 03L26: Possible
02S60: Definition study for the Near-Infrared Spectrograph for NGST (+ CCN1 = 110k)
02S61: Definition study for the Near-Infrared Spectrograph for NGST 97S61: Spacecraft system 01N23: Definition study of a FEEP gravitational
99S20: Study of the on-board data management for the Next-Generation Space Telescope analysis of Gaia instruments subsystem for small satellites anomalies in quantum
GSP Studies 05U01: Health and Telemedicine via Satellite – Demonstrations for the 00A09: Radio-occultation techniques for 06U28 : Study of exploitation of MetOp and Swarm data in 05U14: Air-traffic monitoring from satellite 99S86: Fundamental physics: LISA (ex 98/S70) (CCN to contract 12111/96) (ex 00/N23) materials
transition phase airborne remote sensing of the lower view of future space-weather payloads 05U22: Concepts for demonstration of advanced 00S22: LISA rider 98S75: Support to ESA for the 03A42: Spacecraft SWARMS: 04L50: Ariadna -
05U20: Assessment of the structure and evolution of the downstream troposphere techniques and technologies on an EO small mission 97S71: Structural and thermal studies of LISA payload Gaia mission (CCN to contract Feasibility and applications (ex 00/A50) Theoretical study of
97S72: Study of gravitational fields and spacecraft motion cancellation
value-adding sectors of space-based applications 00A10: Complementary work on radio 02S79: Artemis laser link for atmospheric turbulence statistics 97S74: Accelerometer design optimisation study 12382) 03A60: In-Orbit Automatically the interaction of
05B20: Space-based logistical support for distribution of medicines occultation techniques for airborne 96T50: Advanced spectrum-shaping techniques for efficient 03L37: Technical assistance for ESA in the assessment 98S85: Study of Multi-Object/Integral Field Spectrograph for the Next-Generation Space Telescope GMES Sentinel 4 GMES Sentinel 5 Assembled Interferometric Microwave MetOp-3 mesoscopic quantum
remote sensing of the lower troposphere bandwidth use of space and security policy in Europe 97A10: Study of a global network for research on Near-Earth Objects 02N14/17: Microphotonics for (EOP) (EOP) Radiometer (INOAA) (EOP) systems with gravity
02S10: Observation techniques for future solid-Earth missions 98A80: Potential utility of GNSS 97A70: Application scenarios & architecture of broadband 00A 63: New methods and systems for time & frequency 98S85: Study of Multi-Object/Integral Field Spectrograph for the Next-Generation Space Telescope space-borne applications
02S16-04S20: Development of a vegetation fluorescence canopy occulation for atmospheric profiling satellites distribution via satellite
model (sub-item 4 of 01/S20) 97N80: Broadband ESA satellite testbed laboratory (BESTLAB) 98N30: Ultra-stable optical clocks, frequency sources & 05U09: Phase-A of a Near-Earth Objects 05U07: 06U28 : Study of 06U30: Tomorrow’s bird: a view at the future of
02S26: Synergetic use of remote-sensing data in snow accumulation 98A60: High-capacity multimedia by satellite: the GEO case standards (NEO) mission Techniques exploitation of MetOp and (commercial) spacecraft for the next-generation
05U16: Feasibility of a decentralised European
and ice sheet topographic change estimates (sub-item 1 of 01/S25) 98N80: Optimisation of bus & payload performance for GEO 99A27/28/29-01A29-99A26/30-01A28: Risk management electrical energy network based on renewable and mission Swarm data in view of future launchers
03S20: Synergetic use of remote-sensing data in high latitude coupled, co-located telecom. satellites - DECIDE studies energy sources. concepts for space-weather payloads
ocean-atmosphere model simulations (sub-item 2 of 01/S25) 99A75: Antenna system for receiving signals from GEO 98A83: Forest fires Earth Watch: utilisation study and GMES – Sentinel 2 MSG-3 00A07 & 02A07: Application of the PARIS the future
04A26: Definition of scenarios and roadmap for operational satellites in slightly inclined orbits mission concept (EOP) (EOP) GMES Sentinel 3 Concept to transoceanic aircraft remote Eumetsat
oceanography 99A91: Real-time TV broadcasting to low-cost mobile terminals (EOP) sensing Polar
02N96/97: Entangled photons for quantum
communications in space System
96T61 and 97A50: DICE equipment for pilot telemedicine for Sarajevo 06U26: Definition of an automatic geo-localisation procedure for high-resolution remote- 05U18: Navigation and 03N91: Accommodation of a quantum 06U24: Application of aperture-
sensing imagery integrity autonomous satellite communication transceiver (source, detector, synthesis techniques for imaging in
navigation system calibration elements, etc) in an optical terminal Earth observation and science.
03A69: Application study for optical correlator
GSP_leaflet_cover 6/13/07 12:19 PM Page 1

BR-263
November 2006

This table is intended to show the relationship between the set of ongoing and completed studies forming the ESA
General Studies Programme (GSP), and the overall ESA programmes over the period from 2000 until 2035. Both
the GSP studies and the ESA programmes are grouped into the following study domains, to reflect their nature and
aims:

Basic activities: required to develop and maintain the fundamental elements on which a space policy depends for
its implementation: access to space, technology base, industrial capabilities, ground facilities, context analysis and ESA General
new working methodologies.

Inspirational activities: Sciences (Earth-, Space-, Life- and Physical-) and human and robotic exploration. Studies Programme
Utilitarianactivities: developing space systems to support public services (meteorology, environment, disaster
management, education, energy, agriculture, etc.) and commercial offerings (telecommunication, navigation and
imagery) for the benefit of citizens.
(GSP)
The colour associated with a given programme and/or mission indicates its current status: already developed,
approved for development, or waiting for approval. The colour code associated with the GSP studies indicates the
status of the study (completed or on-going), and it also indicates if the study is directly related to a particular mission
or if its implications are too broad to be assigned to a single mission or programme. Cases in which studies do not
materialise specific missions and/or programmes are contemplated, since they still had/have/will have an influence
on future decision making about programmes and/or missions.

In front of each study is a code that indicates: Year/Category/Order. The letters correspond to the categories
mentioned above:
• B, N, L for Basic
• I, S for Inspirational
• U, A, for Utilitarian. Time Line
The annex to the table lists studies directly related to policy, economics, or strategy. Since these studies have an
influence at corporate level they have consequences for the "Agency's life" as a whole, independent of programme,
category of activity, or Directorate.

In summary this table offers an overall, colourful, and graphical perspective of ESA’s GSP activities, giving a
simultaneous overview of the process of concept maturation, and the role of innovation in the design of European
space missions and programmes.

Concerning ESA Missions / Programme Concerning GSP Studies: Studies ongoing, results
Missions Programmes: Approved for Development having an impact during the
specified year

Missions / Programme Studies completed, having an

Awaiting Approval impact during the specified
year

Missions / Programme Studies having not

Developed materialised into a mission or
programme, but still relevant
for ongoing activities at ESA
or outside ESA