C Language Short Notes (Hinglish) - Detailed
1. Introduction to C
Definition:
C ek general-purpose programming language hai jo fast, efficient aur system-level programming ke liye use
hoti hai.
Syntax:
Koi specific syntax nahi hota introduction ka, lekin har C program ka structure fix hota hai.
Example:
Ek simple hello world program:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
printf("Hello World");
return 0;
2. Structure of C Program
Definition:
Har C program kuch basic parts mein divided hota hai: Header files, main function, statements.
Syntax:
#include <header_file>
int main() {
// code
return 0;
Example:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
printf("C Program Structure");
return 0;
}
C Language Short Notes (Hinglish) - Detailed
3. Data Types
Definition:
Data types batate hain ki kisi variable mein kis type ka data store hoga (int, float, char, etc).
Syntax:
data_type variable_name;
Example:
int a = 10;
float b = 3.14;
char ch = 'A';
4. Variables and Constants
Definition:
Variable ek container hota hai jo data ko store karta hai. Constant ki value program ke dauraan change nahi
hoti.
Syntax:
int x = 5;
const float pi = 3.14;
Example:
int age = 18;
const int roll = 101;
5. Input/Output
Definition:
Input lene ke liye scanf() aur output dene ke liye printf() ka use hota hai.
Syntax:
scanf("%d", &var);
printf("%d", var);
Example:
int a;
scanf("%d", &a);
C Language Short Notes (Hinglish) - Detailed
printf("Value = %d", a);
6. Operators
Definition:
Operators program mein calculations aur comparisons ke liye use hote hain.
Syntax:
a + b, a - b, a * b, a / b, a % b
Example:
int a = 10, b = 5;
printf("Sum = %d", a + b);
7. Control Statements
Definition:
Yeh statements program ke flow ko control karte hain jaise decision making.
Syntax:
if(condition) {...} else {...}
switch(variable) {...}
Example:
int a = 10;
if(a > 5) {
printf("Greater than 5");
} else {
printf("Less or equal to 5");
8. Loops
Definition:
Looping se ek block of code baar baar execute hota hai jab tak condition true ho.
Syntax:
for(init; cond; inc) {...}
C Language Short Notes (Hinglish) - Detailed
while(cond) {...}
do {...} while(cond);
Example:
for(int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
printf("%d ", i);
9. Arrays
Definition:
Array ek collection hota hai similar type ke elements ka.
Syntax:
data_type array_name[size];
Example:
int arr[3] = {10, 20, 30};
printf("%d", arr[1]);
10. Functions
Definition:
Function ek reusable block of code hota hai jo specific task perform karta hai.
Syntax:
return_type function_name(parameters) {...}
Example:
int add(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
11. Pointers
Definition:
Pointer ek variable hota hai jo kisi aur variable ke address ko store karta hai.
Syntax:
C Language Short Notes (Hinglish) - Detailed
data_type *ptr = &var;
Example:
int a = 5;
int *p = &a;
printf("%d", *p);
12. Strings
Definition:
String character ka array hota hai jo last mein '\0' se terminate hota hai.
Syntax:
char str[] = "Hello";
Example:
char name[10] = "Amit";
printf("%s", name);
13. Structures
Definition:
Structure user-defined data type hai jo different type ke variables ko ek saath store karta hai.
Syntax:
struct structure_name {
data_type member1;
};
Example:
struct student {
int id;
char name[20];
};
14. File Handling
Definition:
C Language Short Notes (Hinglish) - Detailed
File handling se hum external files read/write kar sakte hain.
Syntax:
FILE *fp = fopen("file.txt", "r");
fclose(fp);
Example:
FILE *fp;
fp = fopen("data.txt", "w");
fprintf(fp, "Hello File");
fclose(fp);
