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Lecture-4 - Lecture

Electrical engineering (Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University)

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Chapter 6 – EQUILIBRIUM OF A RIGID BODY

6-a. Free-body Diagrams
In a more general case of a rigid body, systems of forces other than concurrent force systems are encountered and the free-body
diagrams become more complicated. When connections or supports are removed from the isolated body, the actions of these
connections or supports must be represented by forces and/or moments on the free-body diagram.

6-b. Equations of Equilibrium in Two Dimensions

The conditions of equilibrium for a two-dimensional force system consists of three independent equations which can be expressed
as
Fx = 0; Fy = 0; M = 0
These three equations are necessary and sufficient conditions for equilibrium of a body subjected to a two-dimensional system
of forces.

6-c. Idealization of Two-dimensional Supports and Connections

Supports and connections are the devices used to restrict movement of one rigid body with respect to another in order for the
bodies to be in equilibrium. Common types of supports and connections used with rigid bodies subjected to two-dimensional force
systems are the following:

Type of Connection Reaction Number of Unknowns

1. Cable
One unknown. The reaction is a tension force
θ θ which acts away from the member in the
direction of the cable.
R

2. Weightless link

θ
θ R
One unknown. The reaction is a force which
or acts along the axis of the link.
θ
R

3. Roller
One unknown. The reaction is a force which
acts perpendicular to the surface at the point
90º
of contact.
R

4. Roller or pin in confined

smooth slot

or One unknown. The reaction is a force which

acts perpendicular to the slot.
90º 90º
R R

5. Rocker

One unknown. The reaction is a force which

90º acts perpendicular to the surface at the point
of contact.
R

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Type of Connection Reaction Number of Unknowns

6. Smooth contacting surface

One unknown. The reaction is a force which
acts perpendicular to the surface at the point
θ θ of contact.
R

7. Member pin connected to

collar on smooth rod

One unknown. The reaction is a force which

R R acts perpendicular to the rod.
or
θ θ θ

8. Smooth pin or hinge

RH Two unknowns. The reactions are two

components of force, or the magnitude and
direction  of the resultant force.
RV

9. Member fixed connected to

collar on smooth rod
Two unknowns. The reactions are the couple
moment and the force which acts
perpendicular to the rod.

10. Fixed support

Three unknowns. The reactions are the
couple moment and the two force
RH components, or the couple moment and the
magnitude and direction  of the resultant
M
force.
RV

6.c-1. Equilibrium of a two-force body F1

A rigid body subjected to two forces acting at only two points is commonly called A
a two-force body. If a two-force body is in equilibrium, the two forces must have the same
magnitude, the same line of action, and opposite sense. F2
B

6.c-2. Equilibrium of a three-force body F1 C

A O F3
If a rigid body in equilibrium is subjected to forces acting at only three points, the
lines of action of the three forces must be either concurrent or parallel.
B
F2

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SAMPLE PROBLEMS

1. Bar AB has a uniform cross-section, a mass of 25 kg, and a length of 1 m. Determine the angle  for equilibrium.
B W
B
L L

45
A  A  RB

30 45 30

Solution: RA
a. Find the weight of the bar c. Find the required angle
W = 25 (9.81) = 245.25 N MA = 0] RB cos 45° Lcos θ + RB sin 45º Lsinθ – W 0.5Lcosθ = 0
b. Apply the equations of equilibrium to find 89.783 cos θ + 89.783 sin θ – 122.625 cos θ = 0
one reaction 89.783 sin θ – 32.842 cos θ = 0
FH = 0] RA sin 30º – RB sin 45º = 0 θ = 20.1°
0.5RA – 0.707RB = 0 Eq. 1
FV = 0] RA cos 30º – RB cos 45º – W = 0
0.866RA + 0.707RB – 245.25 = 0 Eq. 2
Solve Eq. 1 and Eq. 2 simultaneously:
RA = 179.539 N and RB = 126.972 N

2. Determine the horizontal and vertical components of reaction at the pin A and the reaction on the beam at C.

Solution:
MA = 0] 1 RC 1.5  43  0
2
RC = 11.3137 kN

FH = 0] 1
RC  AH  0
2
AH = 8 kN
FV = 0] 1
RC  AV  4  0
2
AH AV = 4 kN
1
1
AV RC

3. Determine the reactions at the smooth collar A, roller B, and the link CD.
C D
2.5 kN

60 3m
4 kN-m
A B
45

4m 6m

Solution:
FH = 0] RA sin 45  1.25 + CD = 0 (1)
MB = 0] 2.165(6)  3CD – RA cos 45(10) – 4 = 0 (2)
Solving the two equations simultaneously, we get CD = 0.501 kN and RA = 1.059 kN.
FV = 0] RA cos 45 + RB  2.165 = 0; RB = 1.416 kN

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4. Determine the force P required to pull the 250-lb roller over the step shown in the figure.
P 250 lb
P
P sin 30º
12 in 30º
30º
x x
12 in
P cos 30º
9 in
A θ
3 in A
B RA
9 ;   41.41
cos  RB
12
MA = 0] 250 (12 sin 41.41)  P cos 30 (9) – P sin 30 (12 sin 41.41) = 0
P = 168.694 lb

5. Determine the range of allowable values of the tension in wire BD if the magnitude of the couple at the fixed support C is not to
exceed 100 N-m.
750 N 750 N
500 mm 150 mm 250 mm

A B
450 N
450 N
600 mm T
400 mm

C D C

Solution:
If the couple is clockwise
MC = 0] 750 (0.5) + 450 (0.4) – 100 – 12 T (0.4) = 0; T = 1232.292 N
13
If the couple is counterclockwise
MC = 0] 750 (0.5) + 450 (0.4) + 100 – 12 T (0.4) = 0; T = 1773.958 N
13
Therefore, the range of values of T is 1232.292 N  T  1773.958 N

6. In the angular motion amplifier shown, the oscillatory motion of AC is amplified by the oscillatory motion of BC. Neglecting friction
and the weights of the members, determine the output torque Co, given that the input torque is 36 N-m.
R
C C

CO

R B BH

36 N-m

AH BV
A

AV

Solution:
FBD of AC
MA = 0] R cos 30(0.24) – 36 = 0; R = 173.205 N
FBD of BC
MB = 0] Co  R (0.139) = 0; Co = 24.076 N-m

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7. A cylinder is supported by a bar and a cable as shown in the figure. The weight of the cylinder is 150 lb and the weight of the bar
is 20 lb. If all surfaces are smooth, determine the reaction at support C of the bar and the tension in the cable. (Riley, 1993)

150 lb
T
3 B
R2 8
R1
4
3 3
17 in 4 24 in
4
3
R2
C

32 in
Solution:
a. Free-body diagram of the cylinder
4
FV = 0] R2  150 = 0; R2 = 187.5 lb
5
b. Free-body diagram of the bar
8 3
MC = 0] T (24) + T (32) – 20(16) – R2(17) = 0
73 73
288
T = 3507.5; T = 104.056 lb
73
3 8
FH = 0] CH + R2  T = 0; CH = 15.069 lb
5 73
4 3
FV = 0] CV  R2 + T  20 = 0; CV = 133.463 lb
5 73
Hence, the reaction at C is equal to 134.311 lb directed up to the left at an angle of 83.56 from the horizontal.

8. A mass of 200 kg is supported by a bar, pulley, and cable as shown in the figure. Determine a) the force exerted on the bar by the
pin at D; b) the reaction at support A of the bar and the force exerted by link BC. (Riley, 1993)

BC
D DH 1 DV
1
AH A DH
DV T D
AV
1962 N

Solution:
a) FBD of the pulley
MD = 0] 75(1962) – 75 T = 0; T = 1962 N
FH = 0] 1
T + DH = 0; DH = 1387.344 N
2
FV = 0] DV  1 T  1962 = 0; DV = 3349.344 N
2
Hence, the force exerted on the bar by the pin at D equals 3625.304 lb directed down to the right at an
angle of 67.5 from the horizontal.
b) FBD of the bar
MA = 0] 300BC – 600DV = 0; BC = 6698.687 N
MD = 0] 600AV – 300BC = 0; AV = 3349.344 N
FH = 0] AH  DH = 0; AH = 1387.344 N
Hence, the reaction at A is equal to 3625.304 lb directed down to the left at an angle of 67.5 from the
horizontal.

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9. A beam is loaded and supported as shown in the figure. Determine the reactions at supports A and B when m1 = 75 kg and
m2 = 225 kg.

W1
T
W2 R
2
m2 AH A
1
B
AV 520 mm 480 mm
R
Solution:
a) FBD of mass m2
FV = 0] R  W2 + W1 = 0; R = 1471.5 N
b) FBD of the beam
MA = 0] 2 T (1000)  R(520) = 0; T = 855.497 N
5
FV = 0] AV  R + 2 T = 0; AV = 706.32 N
5
FH = 0] AH + 1 T = 0; AH = 382.59 N
5

10. A rope and pulley system is used to support a body W as shown in the figure. Each pulley is free to rotate and the rope is continuous
over the pulleys. Determine the tension T in the rope required to hold body W in equilibrium if the weight of the body W is 400 lb.
Assume that all rope segments are vertical and that the pulleys are frictionless.

T
T
T
T T FV = 0] 4T – W = 0
T T 4T – 400 = 0
T = 100 lb

11. A beam is loaded and supported as shown in the figure. The beam has a uniform cross-section and weighs 300 lb. Determine the
reactions at supports A and B.
R
x
AH R = 400 (10) = 4000 lb
x = 5 ft

AV BV

M B 0  6000  Av (10)  4000(5)  1000(2)  0 ; AV = 2400 lb

M A  0 6000  4000(5)  1000(12)  BV (10)  0 ; BV = 2600 lb

F H  0 AH  0

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12. The wall footing is used to support the load of 12,000 lb. Determine the intensities w1 and w2 of the distributed loading acting on
the base of the footing for equilibrium.

1
R1  (35) w1  17.5w1
2
1
A R2  (35) w2  17.5w2
2

R2
R1
 35 
 + R2   12000 (14) = 0
MA = 0] R1 
70
 3  3 
204.167w1 + 408.333w2 = 168000 Eq. 1
FV = 0] R1 + R2 – 12000 = 0
17.5w1 + 17.5w2 = 12000 Eq.2
Solving Eq. 1 and Eq. 2 simultaneously, we get w1 = 548.571 lb/in and w2 = 137.143 lb/in
EXERCISES:

1. Determine the reactions where the beam contacts the 4. The crane supports a load of 1500 lb which is suspended
smooth plane A, the roller B, and the rocker C. from cable BD. Determine the horizontal and vertical
600 N components of the force acting on the pin A of the crane and
15 400 N
the tension in the supporting cable BC. Note that BC and BD
are separate cables. Ans. TBC = 2898.24 lb, Ax = 2049.06 lb
3 A
4 C Ay = 3549.06 lb
B

4m 8m

2. A pipe strut BC is loaded and supported as shown in the

figure. The strut has a uniform cross-section and a mass of
50 kg. Determine the reactions at supports B and C.
Ans. TB = 992.4 N, Cx = 992.4 N, Cy = 1240.5 N

5. The lever BCD is hinged at C and is attached to a control

rod at B as shown in Fig. 3. If P = 200 N, determine a) the
tension in rod AB, b) the reaction at C.

3. Determine the force P needed to pull the 50-kg roller over

the smooth step. Take  = 60º. Ans. 441 N

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6. Determine the reactions at supports A and B of the truss

loaded as shown.

7. Rod ABCD is bent in the shape of a circular arc of radius 4 11. Rod AB is attached to a collar at A and rests against a small
in. and rests against frictionless surfaces at A and D. roller at C. Neglecting the weight of rod AB, determine the
Knowing that the collar at B can move freely on the rod and value of  corresponding to equilibrium when P = 16 N,
that  = 45, determine a) the tension in cord OB, b) the Q = 12 N, l = 200 mm, and a = 50 mm.
reactions at A and D.
Q

A

l
C

a
B

P
8. A cylinder is supported by a bar as shown in the figure. The 12. A force P of magnitude 280 N is applied to member ABCD
weight of the cylinder is 100 lb and the weight of the bar is which is supported by a frictionless pin at A and by the
20 lb. If all surfaces are smooth, determine the reactions at cable CED. For the case when a = 60 mm, determine the
supports A and B of the bar. Ans. Ax = 57.735 lb, Ay = 56.667
tension in the cable and the reaction at A.
lb, By = 63.333 lb
P
100 mm
B C

240 mm
A

240 mm
9. Three pipes are supported in a pipe rack as shown. Each of
the pipes weighs 100 lb. Determine the reactions at supports
A and B. a D E
240 mm
A

30
13. A belt passes over two 5-cm-diameter pulleys which are
mounted on a bracket as shown. Knowing that M = 0 and
T1 = TO =24 N, determine the reaction at C.
9 in

6 in B

3 in 4 in
3 in
3 in

10. A rope and pulley system is used to support a body W as

shown in the figure. Each pulley is free to rotate. One rope
is continuous over pulleys A and B; the other continuous
over pulley C. Determine the tension T in the rope over
pulleys A and B required to hold body W in equilibrium if
the mass of body W is 175 kg. Ans. T = 429.188 N

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14. The truss is supported by a pin at A and a roller at B. 19. Determine the horizontal and vertical components of
Determine the support reactions. reaction at the pin A and the force in the cable BC. Neglect
the thickness of the members. Ans. Ax = 161 N, Ay = 457 N,
BC = 185.58 N

15. Find the reactions at the supports of the beam loaded as

shown. Ans. AV = 84 kN, DV = 86 kN

20. The cylinder with mass 50 kg is supported on an inclined

surface by a pin-connected two-bar frame. All surfaces are
16. A lever AB is hinged at C and attached to a control cable at smooth. Determine the reactions at supports A and C.
A. If the lever is subjected to a 500-N horizontal force at B,
determine a) the tension in the cable, b) the reaction at C.
Ans. a) 400 N b) 458 N

A 250 mm

200 mm

C 30°
500 N
250 mm B

D
21. The compound beam is fixed at A and supported by rockers
at B and C. There are hinges (pins) at D and E. Determine
17. As an airplane’s brakes are applied, the nose wheel exerts the components of reaction at the supports. Ans. Ay = 5 kN,
two forces on the end of the landing gear as shown. MA = 30 kN-m, By = 15 kN, Cy = 5 kN, Dy = 5 kN Ey = 5
Determine the horizontal and vertical components of kN,
reaction at the pin C and the force in strut AB. Ans. CH =
2.66 kN, CV = 6.56 kN, FAB = 0.864 kN

22. Determine the horizontal and vertical components of

reaction at pins A and C of the two-member frame. Ans. Ax
= 300 N, Ay = 300 N, Cx = 300 N, Cy = 300 N

18. Determine the reactions at the smooth contact points A, B,

and C on the bar. Ans. NA = 577 N, NB = 327 N, NC = 433
N

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23. Determine the horizontal and vertical components of 25. The engine hoist is used to support the 200-kg engine.
reaction that the pins at A, B, and C exert on the frame. The Determine the force acting in the hydraulic cylinder AB, the
cylinder has a mass of 80 kg. horizontal and vertical components of force at the pin C,
and the reactions at the fixed support D.

24. Determine the horizontal and vertical components of

reaction which the pins exert on member ABC.

6-d. Equilibrium in Three Dimensions

A general three-dimensional system of forces and couples can be replaced by an equivalent system consisting of a system of
non-coplanar concurrent forces and a system of non-coplanar couples. The resultant R of the concurrent force system can be expressed
as
R = Fx î + Fy ĵ + Fz k̂
and the resultant C of the non-coplanar system of couples can be expressed as
C = Mx î + My ĵ + Mz k̂
The resultant force R and the resultant couple C, together, constitute the resultant of the general three-dimensional force system. The
above equations indicate that the resultant of the force system may be a force R, a couple C, or both a force R and a couple C. Thus, a
rigid body subjected to a general three-dimensional system of forces will be in equilibrium if R = 0 and C = 0 which requires that
Fx = 0 Fy = 0 Fz = 0
and
Mx = 0 My = 0 Mz = 0
These are the six independent scalar equations of equilibrium for a rigid body subjected to a general three-dimensional system of forces,
hence, these equations are both necessary and sufficient conditions for equilibrium of the body.

6-e. Idealization of Three-dimensional Supports and Connections

Some supports and connections can prevent rotation as well as translation, the corresponding reactions include couples as well
as forces. Other supports and connections are primarily intended to prevent translation; their design however is such that they also
prevent some rotations. Common types of supports and connections used with rigid bodies subjected to three-dimensional force systems,
together with the forces and moments used to represent the actions of these supports and connections on the free-body diagram are the
following:
Common types of supports and connections used with rigid bodies subjected to three-dimensional force systems, together with the forces
and moments used to represent the actions of these supports and connections on the free-body diagram are shown in the following table.

Type of Connection Reaction Number of Unknowns

1. Cable

One unknown. The reaction is a force which acts

away from the member in the known direction of the
cable.

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Type of Connection Reaction Number of Unknowns

2. Smooth surface support

One unknown. The reaction is a force which acts

perpendicular to the surface at the point of contact.

3. Roller

One unknown. The reaction is a force which acts

perpendicular to the surface at the point of contact.

4. Ball and Socket

Three unknowns. The reactions are three rectangular

force components.

5. Single journal bearing Four unknowns. The reactions are two force and two
couple-moment components which act
perpendicular to the shaft. Note: The couple
moments are generally not applied if the body is
supported elsewhere.

6. Single journal bearing with

square shaft Five unknowns. The reactions are two force and
three couple-moment components. Note: The couple
moments are generally not applied if the body is
supported elsewhere.

7. Single thrust bearing

Five unknowns. The reactions are three force and
two couple-moment components. Note: The couple
moments are generally not applied if the body is
supported elsewhere.

8. Single smooth pin

Five unknowns. The reactions are three force and
two couple-moment components. Note: The couple
moments are generally not applied if the body is
supported elsewhere.

9. Single hinge
Five unknowns. The reactions are three force and
two couple-moment components. Note: The couple
moments are generally not applied if the body is
supported elsewhere.

10. `Fixed support

Six unknowns. The reactions are three force and
three couple-moment components.

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SAMPLE PROBLEMS

1. Two steel pipes AB and BC, each having a mass per unit length of 8 kg/m, are welded together at B and supported by three wires.
Knowing that a = 0.4 m, determine the tension in each wire.
y
TD Solution:
TA TC Mx = 0] 47.088(0.3) – 0.6TA = 0; TA = 23.544 N
B a
D
Mzc = 0] 47.088(1.2) + 94.176(0.6) – 1.2TA  0.8TD = 0
A C
TD = 105.948 N
0.6 m x
z 1.2 m Fy = 0] TA + TC + TD  47.088  94.176= 0; TC = 11.772 N

2. The rectangular plate of uniform thickness shown has a mass of 500 kg. Determine the tensions in the three cables supporting the
plate. z
Mx = 0] 0.9TB + 2.5TC – 4905(1.25) = 0
z
0.9TB + 2.5TC = 6131.25 (1)
TA
TB My = 0] 4905(0.875) – TC – 1.5TA = 0

1.5 m
1.5TA + TC = 4291.875 (2)
1.5 m
A
A • B Fz = 0] TA + TB + TC  4905 = 0
• B TC •
x • x
TA + TB + TC = 4905 (3)
1.6 m 1.6 m
2.5 m 2.5 m
C Solving the three equations simultaneously,
C
• • we get TA = 1560.327 N, TB = 1394.264 N,
1.0 m
1.0 m 0.75 m
and TC = 1950.409 N
0.75 m y y

3. The bent rod of negligible mass is supported by a ball-and-socket joint at A and a slider bearing at B; the rod leans against a smooth
surface at D. Find all forces acting on the rod when the force P = 960 N is applied.
Dx

 0.6ˆi  0.4ˆj  1.4kˆ

Py P  960
By 0.6 2  0.4 2  1.4 2
Px
Bx Pz = 365.76î + 243.84ĵ  853.441 k̂

Ay
Ax
Az

 M  0 zA Px (1.2) – Dx (1.2) = 0 ; 365.76(1.2) – Dx (1.2) = 0; Dx = 365.76 N

 M  0 x By (1)  Py (1.4) – Pz(1.2) = 0 ; By (1)  243.84(1.4) – 853.441(1.2) = 0; By = 1365.505 N

 M  0 yA Bx (1) + Dx(1.4)  Px (1.4) = 0 ; Bx + 365.76(1.4)  365.76(1.4) = 0; Bx = 0

 F  0
x A x + B x + Dx  P x = 0 ; Ax + 0 + 365.76  365.76 = 0; Ax = 0

 F  0
y Ay + By + 243.84 = 0 ; Ay 1365.505 + 243.84 = 0; Ay = 1121.665 N

 F  0
z Az  Pz = 0; Az = 853.441 N

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4. A bar is supported by a ball-and-socket joint and two cables as shown in the figure. Determine the reaction at the ball-and-socket
joint and the tensions in the two cables.

T1 = T1
 0.55ˆi  0.6ˆj  0.4kˆ

T2
Az T1 0.552  0.62  0.42
Ax
= 0.606 T1 î + 0.662T1 ĵ + 0.441T1 k̂
ˆ ˆ ˆ
y Ay y T2 = T2  1.4i  0.35 j  0.6k
1.42  0.352  0.62
= 0.896 T2 î  0.224T2 ĵ + 0.384T2 k̂
x

My = 0] 1600(950)  400T1x – 600T2x = 0 ; 7600 – 2T1x – 3T2x = 0 Eq. 1

Mz = 0] 600T1x – 350T2x = 0 ; 12T1x – 7T2x = 0 Eq. 2
Solving the two equations simultaneously, we get T1x = 1064.127 N and T2x = 1823.914 N.
Hence, T1 = 1755.986 N and T2 = 2035.618 N.
Fx = 0] Ax  T1x  T2x = 0; Ax = 2888.041 N
Fy = 0] Ay  0.662T1  0.224T2 = 0; Ay = 706.484 N
Fz = 0] Az + 0.441T1 + 0.384T2  1600 = 0; Az = 43.933 N

5. The bent bar shown is supported with three brackets that exert only force reactions on the bar. Determine the reactions at supports
A, B, and C.
Cz

Cx
Cy
Bz
Bx

By
Az

Ax
Ay

Fx = 0] Bx + Cx + 50 = 0; Bx + Cx = 50 Eq. 1

Fy = 0] Ay + By + 75 = 0; Ay + By = 75 Eq. 2
Fz = 0] Az + Cz  100 = 0; Az + Cz = 100 Eq. 3
Mx = 0] 9Cz – 6By = 0; 3Cz – 2By = 0 Eq. 4
My = 0] 6Bx + 14Cx  8Az + 50(14) = 0
3Bx + 7Cx – 4Az = 350 Eq. 5
Mz = 0] 8Ay – 9Cx = 0 Eq. 6
Solving the six equations simultaneously, we get Ay = 450 lb, Az = 450 lb, Bx = 450 lb,
By = 525 lb, Cx = 400 lb, and Cz = 350 lb.

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6. Two transmission belts pass over sheaves welded to an axle supported by bearings at B and D. The sheave at A has a radius of 50
mm and the sheave at C has a radius of 40 mm. Knowing that the system rotates at a constant rate, determine a) the tension T, b) the
reactions at B and D. Assume that the bearing at D does not have any axial thrust and neglect the weights of the sheaves and axle.

160 mm 160 mm

By
120 mm 120 mm
240 N 240 N
120 mm Bx 120 mm
Bz Dy
180 N 180 N

Dz

T T

300 N 300 N

a. Mx = 0] 240(50) – 180(50) + 300(40) – 40T = 0 ; T = 375 N

b. Mz = 0] Dy(240) – 300(120) – T (120) = 0 ; Dy = 337.5 N
My = 0] (240 + 180)(160) – Dz(240) = 0 ; Dz = 280 N
Fy = 0] By + Dy – T – 300 = 0 ; By = 337.5 N
Fz = 0] 240 + 180 + Bz + Dz = 0 ; Bz = 700 N

7. The assembly shown is used to control the tension T in a tape which passes around a frictionless spool at E. Collar C is welded to
rods ABC and CDE. It can rotate about shaft FG but its motion along the shaft is prevented by a washer S. For the loading shown,
determine the a) the tension T in the tape, b) the reaction at C. The dimensions are in mm.

30 30 a. Mx = 0] 30(20) – 24T = 0; T = 25 N

16 16
20 20
b. Fx = 0] Cx + T = 0; Cx = 25 N
Fy = 0] Cy  30 = 0; Cy = 30 N
My
Cy
Fz = 0] Cz + 25 = 0; Cz = 25 N
Cx
42 42 My = 0] My – T(0.016) = 0; My = 0.4 N-m
Cz
Mz Mz = 0] Mz + T (0.024) = 0; Mz = 0.6 N-m

24 24 Therefore, RC = 25î + 30ĵ 25 k̂

T T
T T and MC = 0.4ĵ  0.6 k̂

8. Determine the components of the force acting at the smooth journal bearing A, ball-and-socket joint D, and the tension in the cable
BC. The bearing at A only exerts force reactions on the shaft.
3
Mz = 0] 2Ay + (800) = 0
Dz 5
Dy
Ay = 240 N
Dx 4
My = 0] 2Az – (800) = 0
T 5
Az = 320 N
Mx = 0] 4T + 4Az + 1.5Ay – 500(1) = 0
T = 535 N
Fx = 0] Dx = 0
Fy = 0] A y + Dy = 0 ; Dy = 240 N
Ay Fz = 0] Az + Dz + T  500 = 0
Az
Dz = 285 N

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73

EXERCISES

1. The uniform plate has a weight of 500 lb. Determine the 5. A vertical force of 50 lb acts on the crankshaft shown in the
tension in each of the supporting cables. Ans. TA = 350 lb, figure. Determine the horizontal equilibrium force P that
TB = 250 lb, TC = 100 lb must be applied to the handle and the x, y, z components of
reaction at the journal bearing A and thrust bearing B. The
bearings are properly aligned and exert only force reactions
on the shaft.

2. Determine the support reactions at the smooth journal

bearings A, B, and C of the pipe assembly. Ans. Ay = 0, Az
= 900 N, Bx = 0, Bz = –1800 N, Cy = 0, Cz = 1350 N

6. The block W shown has a mass of 250 kg. Bar AB rests

against a smooth vertical wall at end B and is supported at
end A with a ball-and-socket joint. The two cables are
attached to a point on the bar midway between the ends.
Determine the reactions at supports A and B and the tension
3. The shaft is supported by three smooth journal bearings at in cable CD.
A, B, and C. Determine the components of reaction at these
bearings. Ans. Ax = 475 N, Az = 125 N, Bx = 25 N, Bz =
1125 N, Cy = 450 N, Cz = 250 N

4. Two rectangular plates are welded together to form the

assembly shown. The assembly is supported by ball-and- 7. Bar AB rests against a smooth vertical wall at end B and is
socket joints at B and D and by a ball on a horizontal supported at end A with a pin and bracket. Determine the
surface at C. For the loading shown, determine the reaction reactions at supports A and B.
at C. Ans. (45.0j) lb

80 lb

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