1) Lab 1
a) Fundamentals of cloud computing
Definition:-
Cloud computing is defined as the use of hosted services, such as data
storage, servers, databases, networking, and software over the internet.
Since cloud computing began, the world has witnessed an explosion of
cloud-based applications and services in IT, which continue to expand.
History of Cloud Computing :-
In this, we will discuss the history of Cloud computing. And also cover the
history of client server computing, distributed computing, and cloud
computing.
Before Computing was come into existence, client Server Architecture
was used where all the data and control of client resides in Server side. If
a single user want to access some data, firstly user need to connect to the
server and after that user will get appropriate access. But it has many
disadvantages. So, After Client Server computing, Distributed Computing
was come into existence, in this type of computing
all computers are networked together with the help of this, user can share
their resources when needed. It also has certain limitations. So in order to
remove limitations faced in distributed system, cloud computing was
emerged.
characteristics of Cloud Computing :
● On-demand self-services: The Cloud computing services does not
require any human administrators, user themselves are able to
provision, monitor and manage computing resources as needed.
● Broad network access: The Computing services are generally
provided over standard networks and heterogeneous devices.
● Rapid elasticity: The Computing services should have IT resources
that are able to scale out and in quickly and on as needed basis.
Whenever the user require services it is provided to him and it is
scale out as soon as its requirement gets over.
● Resource pooling: The IT resource (e.g., networks, servers, storage,
applications, and services) present are shared across multiple
applications and occupant in an uncommitted manner. Multiple
clients are provided service from a same physical resource.
● Measured service: The resource utilization is tracked for each
application and occupant, it will provide both the user and the
resource provider with an account of what has been used. This is
done for various reasons like monitoring billing and effective use of
resource.
● Multi-tenancy: Cloud computing providers can support multiple
tenants (users or organizations) on a single set of shared
resources.
● Virtualization: Cloud computing providers use virtualization
technology to abstract underlying hardware resources and
present them as logical resources to users.
● Resilient computing: Cloud computing services are typically
designed with redundancy and fault tolerance in mind, which
ensures high availability and reliability.
● Flexible pricing models: Cloud providers offer a variety of pricing
models, including pay-per-use, subscription-based, and spot
pricing, allowing users to choose the option that best suits their
needs.
● Security: Cloud providers invest heavily in security measures to
protect their users’ data and ensure the privacy of sensitive
information.
● Automation: Cloud computing services are often highly
automated, allowing users to deploy and manage resources with
minimal manual intervention.
● Sustainability: Cloud providers are increasingly focused on
sustainable practices, such as energy-efficient data centers and
the use of renewable energy sources, to reduce their
environmental impact.stics of Cloud Computing
Types of clouds:-
● Public cloud
● Private cloud
● Hybrid cloud
● Community cloud
Public Cloud:-
Private Cloud:-
Hybrid cloud:-
Community Cloud:-
b) Types of services in cloud computing with examples:
Cloud computing offers various types of services categorized into three
primary models: Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service
(PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS). Each model provides different
levels of abstraction and functionality to users. Here are examples of
each:
1. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS):
Examples:
Amazon Web Services (AWS) EC2: Provides virtual servers and
networking resources ondemand.
Microsoft Azure Virtual Machines: Offers scalable computing resources
and infrastructure.
Google Cloud Platform (GCP) Compute Engine: Provides virtual machines
and networking capabilities.
2. Platform as a Service (PaaS):
Examples:
Heroku: A platform allowing developers to build, run, and scale applications
without managing infrastructure.
Google App Engine: Enables developers to build and deploy applications
without managing the underlying infrastructure.
Microsoft Azure App Service: Offers a fully managed platform for
building, deploying, and scaling web apps.
3. Software as a Service (SaaS):
Examples:
Google Workspace (formerly G Suite): Provides cloud based productivity
tools like Gmail, Google Docs, Sheets, and more.
Salesforce: Offers customer relationship management (CRM) software
accessible through the cloud.
Microsoft Office 365: Cloud based suite including applications like Word,
Excel, PowerPoint, etc.
These services differ in terms of the level of control, management, and
customization they offer to users. IaaS provides the most control over the
infrastructure, PaaS abstracts away more of the underlying infrastructure,
and SaaS provides readytouse applications accessible via the internet
without requiring installation or maintenance.
Lab 2: Introduction to AWS IAM
AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) is a web service that
enables Amazon Web Services (AWS) customers to manage users and
user permissions in AWS. With IAM, you can centrally manage users,
security credentials such as access keys, and permissions that control
which AWS resources users can access.
Topics covered
● Exploring pre-created IAM Users and Groups
● Inspecting IAM policies as applied to the pre-created groups
● Following a real-world scenario, adding users to groups with
specific capabilities enabled
● Locating and using the IAM sign-in URL
● Experimenting with the effects of policies on service access
Task 1: Explore the Users and Groups
In this task, we have explored the Users and Groups that have already
been created for you in IAM.
The following IAM Users have been created:
● user-1
● user-2
● user-3
The following groups have already been created:
● EC2-Admin
● EC2-Support
● S3-Support
