🖌️🐔Systematic Report on Poultry
Farm Diseases (2025 Update)
1. Overview
In 2025, poultry farms, especially in India and globally, have reported a
resurgence of highly pathogenic avian diseases, notably Avian Influenza (H5N1).
These outbreaks continue to pose economic and health threats to both poultry
and farm workers.
2. Key Recent Outbreaks (2025)
Location Disease Type Date Impact Summary
6,000+ birds culled, 1 km
Puri, Odisha,
H5N1 July 2025 containment zone, poultry sales
India
severely affected
Mpumalanga, S. Over 1,000 poultry deaths, first
H5N1 July 2025
Africa major outbreak since 2024
2,500+ chickens dead in 3 days;
Telangana, India Unknown Feb 2025
under investigation
5,500+ birds culled; state-wide
Jharkhand, India H5N1 Mar 2025
biosecurity alert
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3. Major Poultry Diseases (2025 Focus)
Transmission
Disease Name Causative Agent Symptoms
Mode
Avian Influenza Sudden death, nasal
Influenza virus Airborne, contact
(H5N1)Avian discharge, drop in egg
Type A with infected birds
Influenza (H5N1) production, diarrhea
Respiratory distress, Inhalation,
Avian
Newcastle Disease greenish diarrhea, contaminated
paramyxovirus
nervous signs feed/water
Depression, ruffled
Infectious Bursal Contaminated
Birnavirus feathers, diarrhea,
Disease (IBD) surfaces, droppings
dehydration
Paralysis, tumors, weight Feather dander,
Marek’s Disease Herpesvirus
loss direct contact
Pasteurella Swelling, discharges from Infected carriers,
Fowl Cholera
multocida eyes/nose, sudden death rodents
4. Economic Impact (2025 Figures)
Odisha outbreak: Estimated ₹1.2 crore loss in poultry sector (sales down 70%)
Poultry feed industry: Indirect cost increase due to halted transport and
restrictions
Farmers: Compensation delayed in some regions; drop in consumer
confidence
5. Precautionary & Preventive Measures
A. Farm-Level Biosecurity
Action Description
Entry Disinfection Mandatory foot baths & vehicle spray zones
Staff Hygiene Use of gloves, masks, farm clothes; restrict visitor access
Pest Control Rodent bait stations, bird-proofing structures
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B.
Vaccination & Health Monitoring
Step Details
Vaccination Schedule IBD, NDV, Marek's, Avian Influenza as per regional guidelines
Daily Monitoring Track feed intake, behavior, mortality, egg production
Sick Bird Isolation Immediate isolation and vet inspection of symptomatic birds
C.
Sanitation & Downtime
Activity Frequency
Full house cleaning & disinfection After each batch
Downtime between batches Minimum 15 days
Litter replacement After every flock
D.
Waste Management
Waste Type Recommended Disposal
Dead birds Incineration or deep burial with lime
Litter & droppings Composting in covered units
Feed spillage Immediate cleaning to avoid rodent attraction
6. Government & Advisory Action
ICAR & State Veterinary Bodies:
Issued national advisories on H5N1 handling, biosecurity, and culling
protocol.
Awareness drives: Conducted by local Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs)
Compensation Schemes: Under review to cover farmer losses due to bird flu
outbreaks
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7. Recommendations for Farmers (2025 Guidelines)
✅ Use all-in, all-out flock management
✅ Avoid mixing birds of different ages
✅ Install wild bird-proof netting
✅ Regularly test water & feed for contamination
✅ Maintain record-keeping (vaccine logs, mortality charts)
8. Conclusion
Poultry diseases, especially Avian Influenza, remain a major threat in 2025. The
key to mitigation lies in:
Strong biosecurity enforcement
Timely vaccination
Monitoring systems
Government support in outbreak zones
With discipline and updated health practices, farmers can reduce mortality,
maintain productivity, and prevent economic losses.
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