Problem Set 1 Tension Members

Note: In the following problems use NSCP specifications and A36 steel unless otherwise specified.
Assume hole diameter to be 3 mm larger than the bolt diameter.

1.1 A tension member is to resist a tensile load of P kN. The member is L m long and is assumed to be
connected with one row of db mm diameter bolts. Select a) the lightest single angle section as shown in (a)
and b) the lightest double angle section as shown in (b).

1.2 A channel section is connected to a column using 5-25 mm diameter bolts located at its web and
flanges arranged in staggered pattern. Determine the allowable tensile load which can be carried using a)
simple average of the thicknesses along a diagonal, b) weighted average of the thicknesses along a
diagonal, and c) weighted average of the thicknesses along a broken diagonal of minimum resisting area.
Note: There are at least 4 possible failure lines (refer to figure c).

Sample answers:

1
EQUAL LEG ANGLE SECTIONS
A rx xc rz leg t
Size mm2 mm mm mm mm mm
L20x20x3 112 5.90 5.98 3.83 20 3
L25x25x3 141 7.63 7.35 4.89 25 3
L25x25x4 184 7.50 7.71 4.87 25 4
L30x30x3 173 8.99 8.35 5.81 30 3
L30x30x5 277 8.83 9.18 5.75 30 5
L30x30x6 326 8.74 9.56 5.75 30 6
L35x35x4 264 10.70 10.20 6.86 35 4
L35x35x5 325 10.60 10.60 6.83 35 5
L35x35x6 384 10.50 10.90 6.81 35 6
L40x40x3 234 12.11 10.73 7.83 40 3
L40x40x5 378 11.97 11.62 7.73 40 5
L40x40x6 447 11.87 12.02 7.70 40 6
L45x45x3 261 14.10 12.40 8.93 45 3
L45x45x4 344 13.90 12.70 8.87 45 4
L45x45x5 425 13.80 13.10 8.82 45 5
L45x45x6 504 13.70 13.40 8.79 45 6
L45x45x8 656 13.40 14.20 8.76 45 8
L50x50x3 296 15.22 13.08 9.86 50 3
L50x50x5 480 15.11 14.04 9.73 50 5
L50x50x6 569 15.02 14.45 9.68 50 6
L50x50x8 741 14.82 15.24 9.63 50 8
L50x50x10 905 14.62 15.99 9.63 50 10
L55x55x3 321 17.30 14.90 11.00 55 3
L55x55x4 424 17.10 15.20 10.90 55 4
L55x55x5 525 17.00 15.60 10.80 55 5
L55x55x6 624 16.90 16.00 10.80 55 6
L55x55x8 816 16.60 16.70 10.70 55 8
L55x55x10 1000 16.40 17.40 10.70 55 10
L65x65x5 626 20.20 18.10 12.90 65 5
L65x65x6 744 20.10 18.50 12.80 65 6
L65x65x8 976 19.80 19.20 12.70 65 8
L65x65x10 1200 19.60 19.90 12.70 65 10
L65x65x12 1424 19.11 20.41 12.51 65 12
L75x75x5 725 23.40 20.60 14.90 75 5
L75x75x6 864 23.30 21.00 14.80 75 6
L75x75x8 1140 23.00 21.70 14.70 75 8
L75x75x10 1400 22.80 22.40 14.60 75 10
L75x75x13 1780 22.40 23.50 14.60 75 13
L90x90x6 1040 28.10 24.70 17.90 90 6
L90x90x8 1380 27.80 25.50 17.70 90 8
L90x90x10 1700 27.60 26.20 17.60 90 10
L90x90x13 2170 27.20 27.20 17.60 90 13
L100x100x6 1160 31.30 27.20 19.90 100 6
L100x100x8 1540 31.10 28.00 19.80 100 8
L100x100x10 1900 30.80 28.70 19.70 100 10
L100x100x13 2430 30.40 29.80 19.50 100 13
L100x100x16 2940 30.00 30.80 19.50 100 16
L100x100x18 3291 29.53 31.30 19.30 100 18
L125x125x22 5034 37.04 39.01 24.18 125 22
L125x125x8 1940 39.10 34.20 24.80 125 8
L125x125x10 2400 38.80 34.90 24.70 125 10
L125x125x13 3080 38.40 36.00 24.50 125 13
L125x125x16 3740 38.00 37.10 24.40 125 16
L125x125x18 4194 37.48 37.54 24.24 125 18
L150x150x8 2363 46.30 39.37 29.83 150 8
L150x150x10 2900 46.90 41.20 29.80 150 10
L150x150x13 3730 46.40 42.30 29.60 150 13
L150x150x14 4031 45.79 42.07 29.39 150 14
L150x150x16 4540 46.00 43.40 29.40 150 16
L150x150x18 5103 45.36 43.66 29.20 150 18
L150x150x20 5600 45.50 44.80 29.30 150 20
L150x150x22 6143 44.91 45.18 29.07 150 22
L200x200x10 3900 63.00 53.70 39.90 200 10
L200x200x13 5030 62.60 54.80 39.70 200 13
L200x200x16 6140 62.10 55.90 39.50 200 16
L200x200x18 6910 61.33 56.04 39.29 200 18
L200x200x20 7600 61.60 57.40 39.30 200 20
L200x200x22 8350 60.87 57.61 39.08 200 22
L200x200x25 9380 60.90 59.20 39.10 200 25
L200x200x30 11100 60.30 60.90 39.00 200 30

2
 PS 1.1 and PS 1.2 PS 1.3 PS 1.1 and PS 1.2 PS 1.3
Student P L db d bf tf tw Student P L db d bf tf tw
Number kN m mm mm mm mm mm Number kN m mm mm mm mm mm
1 90 3.00 16 350 70.0 7.0 5.6 81 170 3.80 25 430 86.0 15.0 12.0
2 91 3.01 16 351 70.2 7.1 5.7 82 171 3.82 25 431 86.2 15.1 12.1
3 92 3.02 16 352 70.4 7.2 5.8 83 172 3.84 25 432 86.4 15.2 12.2
4 93 3.03 16 353 70.6 7.3 5.8 84 173 3.86 25 433 86.6 15.3 12.2
5 94 3.04 16 354 70.8 7.4 5.9 85 174 3.88 25 434 86.8 15.4 12.3
6 95 3.05 16 355 71.0 7.5 6.0 86 175 3.90 25 435 87.0 15.5 12.4
7 96 3.06 16 356 71.2 7.6 6.1 87 176 3.92 25 436 87.2 15.6 12.5
8 97 3.07 16 357 71.4 7.7 6.2 88 177 3.94 25 437 87.4 15.7 12.6
9 98 3.08 16 358 71.6 7.8 6.2 89 178 3.96 25 438 87.6 15.8 12.6
10 99 3.09 16 359 71.8 7.9 6.3 90 179 3.98 25 439 87.8 15.9 12.7
11 100 3.10 16 360 72.0 8.0 6.4 91 180 4.00 25 440 88.0 16.0 12.8
12 101 3.11 16 361 72.2 8.1 6.5 92 181 4.02 25 441 88.2 16.1 12.9
13 102 3.12 16 362 72.4 8.2 6.6 93 182 4.04 25 442 88.4 16.2 13.0
14 103 3.13 16 363 72.6 8.3 6.6 94 183 4.06 25 443 88.6 16.3 13.0
15 104 3.14 16 364 72.8 8.4 6.7 95 184 4.08 25 444 88.8 16.4 13.1
16 105 3.15 16 365 73.0 8.5 6.8 96 185 4.10 25 445 89.0 16.5 13.2
17 106 3.16 16 366 73.2 8.6 6.9 97 186 4.12 25 446 89.2 16.6 13.3
18 107 3.17 16 367 73.4 8.7 7.0 98 187 4.14 25 447 89.4 16.7 13.4
19 108 3.18 16 368 73.6 8.8 7.0 99 188 4.16 25 448 89.6 16.8 13.4
20 109 3.19 16 369 73.8 8.9 7.1 100 189 4.18 25 449 89.8 16.9 13.5
21 110 3.20 16 370 74.0 9.0 7.2 101 190 4.20 25 450 90.0 17.0 13.6
22 111 3.21 16 371 74.2 9.1 7.3 102 191 4.22 25 451 90.2 17.1 13.7
23 112 3.22 16 372 74.4 9.2 7.4 103 192 4.24 25 452 90.4 17.2 13.8
24 113 3.23 16 373 74.6 9.3 7.4 104 193 4.26 25 453 90.6 17.3 13.8
25 114 3.24 16 374 74.8 9.4 7.5 105 194 4.28 25 454 90.8 17.4 13.9
26 115 3.25 16 375 75.0 9.5 7.6 106 195 4.30 25 455 91.0 17.5 14.0
27 116 3.26 16 376 75.2 9.6 7.7 107 196 4.32 25 456 91.2 17.6 14.1
28 117 3.27 16 377 75.4 9.7 7.8 108 197 4.34 25 457 91.4 17.7 14.2
29 118 3.28 16 378 75.6 9.8 7.8 109 198 4.36 25 458 91.6 17.8 14.2
30 119 3.29 16 379 75.8 9.9 7.9 110 199 4.38 25 459 91.8 17.9 14.3
31 120 3.30 16 380 76.0 10.0 8.0 111 200 4.40 25 460 92.0 18.0 14.4
32 121 3.31 16 381 76.2 10.1 8.1 112 201 4.42 25 461 92.2 18.1 14.5
33 122 3.32 16 382 76.4 10.2 8.2 113 202 4.44 25 462 92.4 18.2 14.6
34 123 3.33 16 383 76.6 10.3 8.2 114 203 4.46 25 463 92.6 18.3 14.6
35 124 3.34 16 384 76.8 10.4 8.3 115 204 4.48 25 464 92.8 18.4 14.7
36 125 3.35 16 385 77.0 10.5 8.4 116 205 4.50 25 465 93.0 18.5 14.8
37 126 3.36 16 386 77.2 10.6 8.5 117 206 4.52 25 466 93.2 18.6 14.9
38 127 3.37 16 387 77.4 10.7 8.6 118 207 4.54 25 467 93.4 18.7 15.0
39 128 3.38 16 388 77.6 10.8 8.6 119 208 4.56 25 468 93.6 18.8 15.0
40 129 3.39 20 389 77.8 10.9 8.7 120 209 4.58 28 469 93.8 18.9 15.1
41 130 3.40 20 390 78.0 11.0 8.8 121 210 4.60 28 470 94.0 19.0 15.2
42 131 3.41 20 391 78.2 11.1 8.9 122 211 4.62 28 471 94.2 19.1 15.3
43 132 3.42 20 392 78.4 11.2 9.0 123 212 4.64 28 472 94.4 19.2 15.4
44 133 3.43 20 393 78.6 11.3 9.0 124 213 4.66 28 473 94.6 19.3 15.4
45 134 3.44 20 394 78.8 11.4 9.1 125 214 4.68 28 474 94.8 19.4 15.5
46 135 3.45 20 395 79.0 11.5 9.2 126 215 4.70 28 475 95.0 19.5 15.6
47 136 3.46 20 396 79.2 11.6 9.3 127 216 4.72 28 476 95.2 19.6 15.7
48 137 3.47 20 397 79.4 11.7 9.4 128 217 4.74 28 477 95.4 19.7 15.8
49 138 3.48 20 398 79.6 11.8 9.4 129 218 4.76 28 478 95.6 19.8 15.8
50 139 3.49 20 399 79.8 11.9 9.5 130 219 4.78 28 479 95.8 19.9 15.9
51 140 3.50 20 400 80.0 12.0 9.6 131 220 4.80 28 480 96.0 20.0 16.0
52 141 3.51 20 401 80.2 12.1 9.7 132 221 4.82 28 481 96.2 20.1 16.1
53 142 3.52 20 402 80.4 12.2 9.8 133 222 4.84 28 482 96.4 20.2 16.2
54 143 3.53 20 403 80.6 12.3 9.8 134 223 4.86 28 483 96.6 20.3 16.2
55 144 3.54 20 404 80.8 12.4 9.9 135 224 4.88 28 484 96.8 20.4 16.3
56 145 3.55 20 405 81.0 12.5 10.0 136 225 4.90 28 485 97.0 20.5 16.4
57 146 3.56 20 406 81.2 12.6 10.1 137 226 4.92 28 486 97.2 20.6 16.5
58 147 3.57 20 407 81.4 12.7 10.2 138 227 4.94 28 487 97.4 20.7 16.6
59 148 3.58 20 408 81.6 12.8 10.2 139 228 4.96 28 488 97.6 20.8 16.6
60 149 3.59 20 409 81.8 12.9 10.3 140 229 4.98 28 489 97.8 20.9 16.7
61 150 3.60 20 410 82.0 13.0 10.4 141 230 5.00 28 490 98.0 21.0 16.8
62 151 3.61 20 411 82.2 13.1 10.5 142 231 5.02 28 491 98.2 21.1 16.9
63 152 3.62 20 412 82.4 13.2 10.6 143 232 5.04 28 492 98.4 21.2 17.0
64 153 3.63 20 413 82.6 13.3 10.6 144 233 5.06 28 493 98.6 21.3 17.0
65 154 3.64 20 414 82.8 13.4 10.7 145 234 5.08 28 494 98.8 21.4 17.1
66 155 3.65 20 415 83.0 13.5 10.8 146 235 5.10 28 495 99.0 21.5 17.2
67 156 3.66 20 416 83.2 13.6 10.9 147 236 5.12 28 496 99.2 21.6 17.3
68 157 3.67 20 417 83.4 13.7 11.0 148 237 5.14 28 497 99.4 21.7 17.4
69 158 3.68 20 418 83.6 13.8 11.0 149 238 5.16 28 498 99.6 21.8 17.4
70 159 3.69 20 419 83.8 13.9 11.1 150 239 5.18 28 499 99.8 21.9 17.5
71 160 3.70 20 420 84.0 14.0 11.2 151 240 5.20 28 500 100.0 22.0 17.6
72 161 3.71 20 421 84.2 14.1 11.3 152 241 5.22 28 501 100.2 22.1 17.7
73 162 3.72 20 422 84.4 14.2 11.4 153 242 5.24 28 502 100.4 22.2 17.8
74 163 3.73 20 423 84.6 14.3 11.4 154 243 5.26 28 503 100.6 22.3 17.8
75 164 3.74 20 424 84.8 14.4 11.5 155 244 5.28 28 504 100.8 22.4 17.9
76 165 3.75 20 425 85.0 14.5 11.6 156 245 5.30 28 505 101.0 22.5 18.0
77 166 3.76 20 426 85.2 14.6 11.7 157 246 5.32 28 506 101.2 22.6 18.1
78 167 3.77 20 427 85.4 14.7 11.8 158 247 5.34 28 507 101.4 22.7 18.2
79 168 3.78 20 428 85.6 14.8 11.8 159 248 5.36 28 508 101.6 22.8 18.2
80 169 3.79 25 429 85.8 14.9 11.9 160 249 5.38 28 509 101.8 22.9 18.3

3
Problem Set 2 Compression Members

Note: In the following problems use NSCP specifications and A36 steel (Fy = 250 MPa, E = 200 GPa) unless
otherwise specified.

2.1 A W-section with the given section dimensions has an unsupported length of L m in both directions. The end
connections of the member are such as to provide restraints in the x and y directions as shown in Figure 2.1. Determine
the compressive load capacity.

2.2 A hinged-end column L m long is fabricated from a W-section and two C-sections arranged as shown in Figure 2.2.
Determine the safe axial compressive load.

2.3 A hinged-end column L m long is fabricated from a W-section and a C-section arranged as shown in Figure 2.3.
Determine the safe axial compressive load.

Sample Answers:

1
Student L P2.1 P2.2 & P2.3 Student L P2.1 P2.2 & P2.3
Number m d, mm W-section C-section Number m d, mm W-section C-section
1 4.00 310 W100x19 C230x20 81 5.60 470 W200x59 C380x50
2 4.02 312 W130x24 C230x20 82 5.62 472 W200x71 C380x50
3 4.04 314 W130x28 C230x20 83 5.64 474 W200x86 C380x50
4 4.06 316 W150x14 C230x20 84 5.66 476 W200x100 C380x50
5 4.08 318 W150x18 C230x20 85 5.68 478 W250x18 C380x50
6 4.10 320 W150x22 C230x20 86 5.70 480 W250x22 C380x50
7 4.12 322 W150x24 C230x20 87 5.72 482 W250x25 C380x50
8 4.14 324 W150x30 C230x20 88 5.74 484 W250x28 C380x50
9 4.16 326 W150x37 C230x20 89 5.76 486 W250x33 C380x50
10 4.18 328 W200x15 C230x20 90 5.78 488 W250x39 C380x50
11 4.20 330 W200x19 C230x20 91 5.80 490 W250x45 C380x50
12 4.22 332 W200x22 C230x20 92 5.82 492 W250x49 C380x50
13 4.24 334 W200x27 C230x20 93 5.84 494 W250x58 C380x50
14 4.26 336 W200x27 C230x30 94 5.86 496 W250x67 C380x50
15 4.28 338 W200x31 C250x23 95 5.88 498 W250x73 C380x50
16 4.30 340 W200x36 C230x30 96 5.90 500 W250x80 C380x50
17 4.32 342 W200x52 C230x30 97 5.92 502 W250x89 C380x50
18 4.34 344 W200x46 C230x30 98 5.94 504 W250x101 C380x50
19 4.36 346 W150x37 C230x30 99 5.96 506 W250x115 C380x50
20 4.38 348 W200x59 C250x23 100 5.98 508 W250x131 C380x50
21 4.40 350 W200x71 C250x23 101 6.00 510 W250x149 C380x50
22 4.42 352 W200x86 C250x23 102 6.02 512 W250x167 C380x50
23 4.44 354 W200x100 C250x23 103 6.04 514 W310x21 C380x50
24 4.46 356 W250x18 C310x31 104 6.06 516 W310x24 C380x50
25 4.48 358 W250x22 C310x31 105 6.08 518 W310x28 C380x50
26 4.50 360 W250x25 C310x31 106 6.10 520 W310x33 C380x50
27 4.52 362 W250x28 C310x31 107 6.12 522 W310x39 C380x50
28 4.54 364 W250x33 C310x31 108 6.14 524 W310x45 C380x50
29 4.56 366 W250x39 C310x31 109 6.16 526 W310x52 C380x50
30 4.58 368 W250x45 C310x31 110 6.18 528 W310x62 C380x50
31 4.60 370 W250x49 C310x31 111 6.20 530 W310x67 C380x50
32 4.62 372 W250x58 C310x31 112 6.22 532 W310x74 C380x50
33 4.64 374 W250x67 C310x31 113 6.24 534 W310x79 C380x50
34 4.66 376 W250x73 C310x31 114 6.26 536 W310x86 C380x50
35 4.68 378 W250x80 C310x31 115 6.28 538 W310x97 C380x50
36 4.70 380 W250x89 C310x31 116 6.30 540 W310x107 C380x50
37 4.72 382 W250x101 C310x31 117 6.32 542 W310x118 C380x50
38 4.74 384 W250x115 C310x31 118 6.34 544 W310x129 C380x50
39 4.76 386 W250x131 C310x31 119 6.36 546 W310x143 C380x50
40 4.78 388 W250x149 C380x50 120 6.38 548 W310x158 C380x50
41 4.80 390 W250x167 C380x50 121 6.40 550 W310x179 C380x50
42 4.82 392 W310x21 C380x50 122 6.42 552 W310x202 C380x50
43 4.84 394 W310x24 C380x50 123 6.44 554 W100x19 C380x60
44 4.86 396 W310x28 C380x50 124 6.46 556 W130x24 C380x60
45 4.88 398 W310x33 C380x50 125 6.48 558 W130x28 C380x60
46 4.90 400 W310x39 C380x50 126 6.50 560 W150x14 C380x60
47 4.92 402 W310x45 C380x50 127 6.52 562 W150x18 C380x60
48 4.94 404 W310x52 C380x50 128 6.54 564 W150x22 C380x60
49 4.96 406 W310x62 C380x50 129 6.56 566 W150x24 C380x60
50 4.98 408 W310x67 C380x50 130 6.58 568 W150x30 C380x60
51 5.00 410 W310x74 C380x50 131 6.60 570 W150x37 C380x60
52 5.02 412 W310x79 C380x50 132 6.62 572 W200x15 C380x60
53 5.04 414 W310x86 C380x50 133 6.64 574 W200x19 C380x60
54 5.06 416 W310x97 C380x50 134 6.66 576 W200x22 C380x60
55 5.08 418 W310x107 C380x50 135 6.68 578 W200x27 C380x60
56 5.10 420 W310x118 C380x50 136 6.70 580 W200x27 C380x60
57 5.12 422 W310x129 C380x50 137 6.72 582 W200x31 C380x60
58 5.14 424 W310x143 C380x50 138 6.74 584 W200x36 C380x60
59 5.16 426 W310x158 C380x50 139 6.76 586 W200x52 C380x60
60 5.18 428 W310x179 C380x50 140 6.78 588 W200x46 C380x60
61 5.20 430 W310x202 C380x50 141 6.80 590 W150x37 C380x60
62 5.22 432 W100x19 C380x50 142 6.82 592 W200x59 C380x60
63 5.24 434 W130x24 C380x50 143 6.84 594 W200x71 C380x60
64 5.26 436 W130x28 C380x50 144 6.86 596 W200x86 C380x60
65 5.28 438 W150x14 C380x50 145 6.88 598 W200x100 C380x60
66 5.30 440 W150x18 C380x50 146 6.90 600 W250x18 C380x60
67 5.32 442 W150x22 C380x50 147 6.92 602 W250x22 C380x60
68 5.34 444 W150x24 C380x50 148 6.94 604 W250x25 C380x60
69 5.36 446 W150x30 C380x50 149 6.96 606 W250x28 C380x60
70 5.38 448 W150x37 C380x50 150 6.98 608 W250x33 C380x60
71 5.40 450 W200x15 C380x50 151 7.00 610 W250x39 C380x60
72 5.42 452 W200x19 C380x50 152 7.02 612 W250x45 C380x60
73 5.44 454 W200x22 C380x50 153 7.04 614 W250x49 C380x60
74 5.46 456 W200x27 C380x50 154 7.06 616 W250x58 C380x60
75 5.48 458 W200x27 C380x50 155 7.08 618 W250x67 C380x60
76 5.50 460 W200x31 C380x50 156 7.10 620 W250x73 C380x60
77 5.52 462 W200x36 C380x50 157 7.12 622 W250x80 C380x60
78 5.54 464 W200x52 C380x50 158 7.14 624 W250x89 C380x60
79 5.56 466 W200x46 C380x50 159 7.16 626 W250x101 C380x60
80 5.58 468 W150x37 C380x50 160 7.18 628 W250x115 C380x60

2
Wide Flange Sections Wide Flange Sections
Size d bf tf tw A rx ry Size d bf tf tw A rx ry
SI mm mm mm mm mm2 mm mm SI mm mm mm mm mm2 mm mm
W100x19 106 103 8.8 7.1 2470 43.9 25.6 W360x110 360 256 19.9 11.4 14000 154.0 64.0
W130x24 127 127 9.1 6.1 3020 54.1 32.2 W360x122 363 257 21.7 13.0 15500 154.0 64.0
W130x28 131 128 10.9 6.9 3590 55.3 32.7 W360x134 356 369 18.0 11.1 17100 156.0 95.0
W150x14 150 100 5.5 4.3 1730 63.0 24.0 W360x147 360 370 19.8 12.3 18800 157.0 94.4
W150x18 152 102 7.1 5.8 2290 63.3 23.6 W360x162 364 371 21.8 13.3 20600 158.0 94.9
W150x22 152 152 6.6 5.8 2850 65.1 36.1 W360x179 368 373 23.9 15.0 22800 159.0 95.3
W150x24 160 102 10.3 6.6 3060 66.3 24.5 W360x196 372 374 26.2 16.4 25000 159.0 95.6
W150x30 157 153 9.3 6.6 3790 67.3 38.4 W360x216 375 394 27.7 17.3 27600 161.0 102.0
W150x37 162 154 11.6 8.1 4730 68.5 38.8 W360x237 380 395 30.2 18.9 30100 162.0 103.0
W200x15 200 100 5.2 4.3 1900 81.8 21.5 W360x262 387 398 33.3 21.1 33500 163.0 103.0
W200x19 203 102 6.5 5.8 2480 81.7 21.7 W360x287 393 399 36.6 22.6 36600 165.0 104.0
W200x22 206 102 8.0 6.2 2860 83.6 22.4 W360x314 399 401 39.6 24.9 39900 166.0 104.0
W200x27 207 133 8.4 5.8 3390 87.3 31.2 W360x347 407 404 43.7 27.2 44200 168.0 105.0
W200x27 207 133 8.4 5.8 3390 87.3 31.2 W360x382 416 406 48.0 29.8 48700 170.0 106.0
W200x31 210 134 10.2 6.4 4000 88.6 33.0 W360x421 425 409 52.6 32.8 53700 172.0 107.0
W200x36 201 165 10.2 6.2 4580 86.7 40.1 W360x463 435 412 57.4 35.8 59000 175.0 108.0
W200x52 205 166 11.8 7.2 5310 87.7 41.3 W360x509 446 416 62.7 39.1 64900 178.0 109.0
W200x46 203 203 11.0 7.2 5860 88.1 51.3 W360x551 455 418 67.6 42.0 70100 180.0 109.0
W200x52 206 204 12.6 7.9 6660 89.0 51.9 W360x592 465 421 72.3 45.0 75500 182.0 110.0
W200x59 210 205 14.2 9.1 7560 89.9 51.1 W360x634 474 424 77.1 47.6 80800 184.0 111.0
W200x71 216 206 17.4 10.2 9110 91.7 52.9 W360x677 483 428 81.5 51.2 86300 186.0 112.0
W200x86 222 209 20.6 13.0 11100 92.6 53.4 W360x744 498 432 88.9 55.6 94800 190.0 113.0
W200x100 229 210 23.7 14.5 12700 94.5 53.9 W360x818 514 437 97.0 60.5 104000 194.0 115.0
W250x18 251 101 5.3 4.8 2270 99.3 21.0 W360x900 531 442 106.0 65.9 115000 198.0 117.0
W250x22 254 102 6.9 5.8 2850 101.0 20.8 W360x990 550 448 115.0 71.9 126000 203.0 118.0
W250x25 257 102 8.4 6.1 3230 103.0 21.6 W360x1086 569 454 125.0 78.0 139000 207.0 120.0
W250x28 260 102 10.0 6.4 3630 105.0 22.2 W410x39 399 140 8.8 6.4 4990 159.0 28.5
W250x33 258 146 9.1 6.1 4170 108.0 33.8 W410x46 403 140 11.2 7.0 5890 163.0 29.6
W250x39 262 147 11.2 6.6 4920 110.0 34.8 W410x54 403 177 10.9 7.5 6810 165.0 38.6
W250x45 266 148 13.0 7.6 5720 111.0 35.2 W410x60 407 178 12.8 7.7 7580 169.0 39.1
W250x49 247 202 11.0 7.4 6250 106.0 49.3 W410x67 410 179 14.4 8.8 8600 169.0 41.0
W250x58 252 203 13.5 8.0 7420 108.0 50.5 W410x74 413 180 16.0 9.7 9550 170.0 40.5
W250x67 257 204 15.7 8.9 8550 110.0 52.0 W410x85 417 181 18.2 10.9 10800 171.0 40.9
W250x73 253 254 14.2 8.6 9280 110.0 64.7 W410x100 415 260 16.9 10.0 12700 177.0 62.6
W250x80 256 255 15.6 9.4 10200 111.0 66.0 W410x114 420 261 19.3 11.6 14600 178.0 62.7
W250x89 260 256 17.3 10.7 11400 112.0 65.2 W410x132 425 263 22.2 13.3 16800 179.0 63.4
W250x101 264 257 19.6 11.9 12900 113.0 65.7 W410x149 431 265 25.0 14.9 19000 180.0 63.1
W250x115 269 259 22.1 13.5 14600 114.0 66.3 W460x52 450 152 10.8 7.6 6630 179.0 30.1
W250x131 275 261 25.1 15.4 16700 115.0 66.9 W460x60 455 153 13.3 8.0 7590 183.0 32.5
W250x149 282 263 28.4 17.3 19000 117.0 67.5 W460x68 459 154 15.4 9.1 8730 184.0 32.9
W250x167 289 265 31.8 19.2 21300 119.0 68.2 W460x61a 450 189 10.8 8.1 7760 183.0 39.7
W310x21 303 101 5.7 5.1 2690 117.0 19.2 W460x67a 454 190 12.7 8.5 8680 186.0 40.1
W310x24 305 101 6.7 5.6 3040 119.0 19.6 W460x74 457 190 14.5 9.0 9450 188.0 41.1
W310x28 309 102 8.9 6.0 3610 123.0 20.1 W460x82 460 191 16.0 9.9 10400 188.0 42.3
W310x33 313 102 10.8 6.6 4180 125.0 21.5 W460x89 463 192 17.7 10.5 11400 190.0 42.1
W310x39 310 165 9.7 5.8 4940 131.0 38.5 W460x97 466 193 19.0 11.4 12300 190.0 43.2
W310x45 313 166 11.2 6.6 5690 132.0 38.9 W460x106 469 194 20.6 12.6 13500 190.0 43.3
W310x52 317 167 13.2 7.6 6670 133.0 39.3 W460x113 463 280 17.3 10.8 14400 196.0 66.4
W310x62 303 203 13.1 7.5 7590 130.0 49.2 W460x128 467 282 19.6 12.2 16400 197.0 66.1
W310x67 306 204 14.6 8.5 8510 131.0 49.4 W460x144 472 283 22.1 13.6 18400 199.0 67.5
W310x74 310 205 16.3 9.4 9490 132.0 49.8 W460x158 476 284 23.9 15.0 20100 199.0 67.5
W310x79 306 254 14.6 8.8 10100 133.0 64.0 W460x177 482 286 26.9 16.6 22600 201.0 68.3
W310x86 310 254 16.3 9.1 11000 134.0 63.7 W530x66 525 165 11.4 8.9 8370 205.0 33.0
W310x97 308 305 15.4 9.9 12300 134.0 76.1 W530x74 529 166 13.6 9.7 9520 208.0 33.2
W310x107 311 306 17.0 10.9 13600 135.0 77.3 W530x85 535 166 16.5 10.3 10800 212.0 34.3
W310x118 314 307 18.8 11.9 15000 136.0 77.7 W530x82a 528 209 13.3 9.5 10500 214.0 45.0
W310x129 318 308 20.6 13.1 16500 137.0 79.0 W530x92 533 209 15.6 10.2 11800 217.0 44.1
W310x143 323 309 22.9 14.0 18200 138.0 78.7 W530x101 537 210 17.4 10.9 12900 219.0 45.7
W310x158 327 310 25.1 15.5 20100 139.0 78.1 W530x109 539 211 18.8 11.6 13900 219.0 46.2
W310x179 333 313 28.1 18.0 22800 140.0 79.6 W530x123 544 212 21.2 13.1 15700 220.0 46.5
W310x202 341 315 31.8 20.1 25800 142.0 80.3 W530x138 549 214 23.6 14.7 17600 221.0 46.1
W310x226 348 317 35.6 22.1 28900 144.0 82.0 W530x150 543 312 20.3 12.7 19200 229.0 73.3
W310x253 356 319 39.6 24.4 32200 146.0 81.7 W530x165 546 313 22.2 14.0 21100 230.0 73.5
W310x283 365 322 44.1 26.9 36000 148.0 82.7 W530x182 551 315 24.4 15.2 23100 231.0 74.3
W310x313 374 325 48.3 30.0 39900 150.0 83.4 W530x196 554 316 26.3 16.5 25000 231.0 74.5
W310x342 382 328 52.6 32.6 43700 152.0 84.3 W530x219 560 318 29.2 18.3 27900 233.0 76.0
W310x375 391 330 57.1 35.4 47700 154.0 84.9 W610x82 599 178 12.8 10.0 10400 232.0 35.0
W310x415 403 334 62.7 38.9 52900 157.0 87.0 W610x92 603 179 15.0 10.9 11800 234.0 36.0
W310x454 415 336 68.7 41.3 57800 160.0 86.9 W610x101 603 228 14.9 10.5 13000 243.0 47.8
W310x500 427 340 75.1 45.1 63700 163.0 89.0 W610x113 608 228 17.3 11.2 14400 246.0 48.8
W360x33 349 127 8.5 5.8 4170 141.0 26.5 W610x125 612 229 19.6 11.9 15900 249.0 49.8
W360x39 353 128 10.7 6.5 4980 143.0 27.5 W610x140 617 230 22.2 13.1 17900 250.0 50.4
W360x45 352 171 9.8 6.9 5730 146.0 37.9 W610x155 611 324 19.0 12.7 19700 256.0 73.1
W360x51 355 171 11.6 7.2 6450 148.0 38.9 W610x174 616 325 21.6 14.0 22200 257.0 74.8
W360x57 358 172 13.1 7.9 7220 149.0 39.4 W610x195 622 327 24.4 15.4 24900 260.0 75.7
W360x64 347 203 13.5 7.7 8140 148.0 48.2 W610x217 628 328 27.7 16.5 27800 262.0 76.8
W360x72 350 204 15.1 8.6 9110 149.0 48.6 W610x241 635 329 31.0 17.9 30800 264.0 77.5
W360x79 354 205 16.8 9.4 10100 150.0 48.1 W690x125 678 253 16.3 11.7 16000 272.0 52.6
W360x91 353 254 16.4 9.5 11600 152.0 62.3 W690x140 684 254 18.9 12.4 17800 276.0 53.1
W360x101 357 255 18.3 10.5 12900 153.0 62.8 W690x152 688 254 21.1 13.1 19400 279.0 54.7

3
Channel Sections
Size d bf tf tw A rx ry xc
SI mm mm mm mm mm2 mm mm mm
C75x6 76 35 6.9 4.3 763 29.6 10.1 10.9
C75x7 76 37 6.9 6.6 933 28.3 10.1 10.8
C75x9 76 40 6.9 9.0 1120 27.4 10.5 11.4
C100x8 102 40 7.5 4.7 1020 39.7 11.4 11.6
C100x11 102 43 7.5 8.2 1370 37.3 11.3 11.5
C130x10 127 44 8.1 4.8 1260 49.5 12.5 12.2
C130x13 127 47 8.1 8.3 1700 46.5 12.2 11.9
C150x12 152 48 8.7 5.1 1540 59.1 13.5 12.8
C150x16 152 51 8.7 8.0 1980 56.1 13.3 12.6
C150x19 152 54 8.7 11.1 2450 53.9 13.2 12.9
C180x15 178 53 9.3 5.3 1850 69.3 14.8 13.8
C180x18 178 55 9.3 8.0 2310 65.9 14.3 13.2
C180x22 178 58 9.3 11.3 2780 63.7 14.3 13.5
C200x17 203 57 9.9 5.6 2170 78.8 15.8 14.5
C200x21 203 59 9.9 7.7 2600 75.8 15.5 14.0
C200x28 203 64 9.9 12.4 3560 71.6 15.2 14.4
C230x20 229 61 10.5 5.9 2530 88.6 16.8 15.1
C230x22 229 63 10.5 7.2 2840 86.6 16.8 14.9
C230x30 229 67 10.5 11.4 3800 81.9 16.3 14.8
C250x23 254 65 11.1 6.1 2880 98.2 17.9 15.9
C250x30 254 69 11.1 9.6 3780 93.0 17.5 15.3
C250x37 254 73 11.1 13.4 4750 89.4 17.1 15.7
C250x45 254 76 11.1 17.1 5670 86.9 16.8 16.3
C310x31 305 74 12.7 7.2 3920 117.0 20.1 17.5
C310x37 305 77 12.7 9.8 4720 113.0 19.8 17.1
C310x45 305 80 12.7 13.0 5690 109.0 19.3 17.0
C380x50 381 86 16.5 10.2 6430 143.0 23.0 20.0
C380x60 381 89 16.5 13.2 7570 138.0 22.5 19.7
C380x74 381 94 16.5 18.2 9480 133.0 22.0 20.3

4
Problem Set 3 Compact And Non-Compact Sections

Note: Assume that the member is subjected to flexural compression only unless otherwise stated. Use Table 502-1 for
the limiting width-thickness ratios.

3.1 Check whether the given W-section is compact, non-compact, or slender using 1) Fy = 248 MPa and member is
subject to flexural compression, and 2) Fy = 345 MPa and the member is subjected to combined flexural and axial
compression P.

3.2. Check whether a tee cut from the given W-section in 3.1 is compact, non-compact or slender using Fy = 345 MPa.

3.3. A built-up beam is composed of four angles welded at the heel and toe to a t x h mm web plate as shown in Fig
3.3. Verify if the section is compact using Fy = 248 MPa.

3.4. A built-up section is fabricated from a W-section (use size in 3.1) and C-section arranged as shown in Fig 3.4.
Verify the compactness of the section using Fy = 345 MPa. The bolts are located 35 mm from the edge of the flange.

3.5. A truss member consists of two C-sections and a h x t mm cover plate placed at the top as shown in Fig 3.5. Verify
compactness of the section using Fy = 248 MPa. The bolts are located at the middle of the flanges. For the C-section use
size in 3.4.

Sample answer key:

1
Student PS 3.1 PS 3.3 PS 3.4 Student PS 3.1 PS 3.3 PS 3.4
Number W-section P (kN) L-section t (mm) h (mm) C-section t (mm) h (mm) Number W-section P (kN) L-section t (mm) h (mm) C-section t (mm) h (mm)
1 W100x19 100 L20x20x3 4 150 C230x20 6 250 81 W360x110 500 L90x90x10 12 310 C380x50 14 410
2 W130x24 105 L20x20x3 4 152 C230x20 6 252 82 W360x122 505 L90x90x10 12 312 C380x50 14 412
3 W130x28 110 L25x25x3 4 154 C230x20 6 254 83 W360x134 510 L90x90x13 12 314 C380x50 14 414
4 W150x14 115 L25x25x3 4 156 C230x20 6 256 84 W360x147 515 L90x90x13 12 316 C380x50 14 416
5 W150x18 120 L25x25x4 4 158 C230x20 6 258 85 W360x162 520 L100x100x6 12 318 C380x50 14 418
6 W150x22 125 L25x25x4 4 160 C230x20 6 260 86 W360x179 525 L100x100x6 12 320 C380x50 14 420
7 W150x24 130 L30x30x3 4 162 C230x20 6 262 87 W360x196 530 L100x100x8 12 322 C380x50 14 422
8 W150x30 135 L30x30x3 4 164 C230x20 6 264 88 W360x216 535 L100x100x8 12 324 C380x50 14 424
9 W150x37 140 L30x30x5 4 166 C230x20 6 266 89 W360x237 540 L100x100x10 12 326 C380x50 14 426
10 W200x15 145 L30x30x5 4 168 C230x20 6 268 90 W360x262 545 L100x100x10 12 328 C380x50 14 428
11 W200x19 150 L30x30x6 5 170 C230x20 6 270 91 W360x287 550 L100x100x13 13 330 C380x50 14 430
12 W200x22 155 L30x30x6 5 172 C230x20 6 272 92 W360x314 555 L100x100x13 13 332 C380x50 14 432
13 W200x27 160 L35x35x4 5 174 C230x20 6 274 93 W360x347 560 L100x100x16 13 334 C380x50 14 434
14 W200x27 165 L35x35x4 5 176 C230x30 6 276 94 W360x382 565 L100x100x16 13 336 C380x50 14 436
15 W200x31 170 L35x35x5 5 178 C250x23 6 278 95 W360x421 570 L100x100x18 13 338 C380x50 14 438
16 W200x36 175 L35x35x5 5 180 C230x30 6 280 96 W360x463 575 L100x100x18 13 340 C380x50 14 440
17 W200x52 180 L35x35x6 5 182 C230x30 6 282 97 W360x509 580 L125x125x22 13 342 C380x50 14 442
18 W200x46 185 L35x35x6 5 184 C230x30 6 284 98 W360x551 585 L125x125x22 13 344 C380x50 14 444
19 W200x52 190 L40x40x3 5 186 C230x30 6 286 99 W360x592 590 L125x125x8 13 346 C380x50 14 446
20 W200x59 195 L40x40x3 5 188 C250x23 6 288 100 W360x634 595 L125x125x8 13 348 C380x50 14 448
21 W200x71 200 L40x40x5 6 190 C250x23 8 290 101 W360x677 600 L125x125x10 14 350 C380x50 16 450
22 W200x86 205 L40x40x5 6 192 C250x23 8 292 102 W360x744 605 L125x125x10 14 352 C380x50 16 452
23 W200x100 210 L40x40x6 6 194 C250x23 8 294 103 W360x818 610 L125x125x13 14 354 C380x50 16 454
24 W250x18 215 L40x40x6 6 196 C310x31 8 296 104 W360x900 615 L125x125x13 14 356 C380x50 16 456
25 W250x22 220 L45x45x3 6 198 C310x31 8 298 105 W360x990 620 L125x125x16 14 358 C380x50 16 458
26 W250x25 225 L45x45x3 6 200 C310x31 8 300 106 W360x1086 625 L125x125x16 14 360 C380x50 16 460
27 W250x28 230 L45x45x4 6 202 C310x31 8 302 107 W410x39 630 L125x125x18 14 362 C380x50 16 462
28 W250x33 235 L45x45x4 6 204 C310x31 8 304 108 W410x46 635 L125x125x18 14 364 C380x50 16 464
29 W250x39 240 L45x45x5 6 206 C310x31 8 306 109 W410x54 640 L150x150x8 14 366 C380x50 16 466
30 W250x45 245 L45x45x5 6 208 C310x31 8 308 110 W410x60 645 L150x150x8 14 368 C380x50 16 468
31 W250x49 250 L45x45x6 7 210 C310x31 8 310 111 W410x67 650 L150x150x10 15 370 C380x50 16 470
32 W250x58 255 L45x45x6 7 212 C310x31 8 312 112 W410x74 655 L150x150x10 15 372 C380x50 16 472
33 W250x67 260 L45x45x8 7 214 C310x31 8 314 113 W410x85 660 L150x150x13 15 374 C380x50 16 474
34 W250x73 265 L45x45x8 7 216 C310x31 8 316 114 W410x100 665 L150x150x13 15 376 C380x50 16 476
35 W250x80 270 L50x50x3 7 218 C310x31 8 318 115 W410x114 670 L150x150x14 15 378 C380x50 16 478
36 W250x89 275 L50x50x3 7 220 C310x31 8 320 116 W410x132 675 L150x150x14 15 380 C380x50 16 480
37 W250x101 280 L50x50x5 7 222 C310x31 8 322 117 W410x149 680 L150x150x16 15 382 C380x50 16 482
38 W250x115 285 L50x50x5 7 224 C310x31 8 324 118 W460x52 685 L150x150x16 15 384 C380x50 16 484
39 W250x131 290 L50x50x6 7 226 C310x31 8 326 119 W460x60 690 L150x150x18 15 386 C380x50 16 486
40 W250x149 295 L50x50x6 7 228 C380x50 8 328 120 W460x68 695 L150x150x18 15 388 C380x50 16 488
41 W250x167 300 L50x50x8 8 230 C380x50 10 330 121 W460x61a 700 L150x150x20 16 390 C380x50 18 490
42 W310x21 305 L50x50x8 8 232 C380x50 10 332 122 W460x67a 705 L150x150x20 16 392 C380x50 18 492
43 W310x24 310 L50x50x10 8 234 C380x50 10 334 123 W460x74 710 L150x150x20 16 394 C380x60 18 494
44 W310x28 315 L50x50x10 8 236 C380x50 10 336 124 W460x82 715 L150x150x20 16 396 C380x60 18 496
45 W310x33 320 L55x55x3 8 238 C380x50 10 338 125 W460x89 720 L150x150x22 16 398 C380x60 18 498
46 W310x39 325 L55x55x3 8 240 C380x50 10 340 126 W460x97 725 L150x150x22 16 400 C380x60 18 500
47 W310x45 330 L55x55x4 8 242 C380x50 10 342 127 W460x106 730 L150x150x22 16 402 C380x60 18 502
48 W310x52 335 L55x55x4 8 244 C380x50 10 344 128 W460x113 735 L150x150x22 16 404 C380x60 18 504
49 W310x62 340 L55x55x5 8 246 C380x50 10 346 129 W460x128 740 L200x200x10 16 406 C380x60 18 506
50 W310x67 345 L55x55x5 8 248 C380x50 10 348 130 W460x144 745 L200x200x10 16 408 C380x60 18 508
51 W310x74 350 L55x55x6 9 250 C380x50 10 350 131 W460x158 750 L200x200x10 17 410 C380x60 18 510
52 W310x79 355 L55x55x6 9 252 C380x50 10 352 132 W460x177 755 L200x200x10 17 412 C380x60 18 512
53 W310x86 360 L55x55x8 9 254 C380x50 10 354 133 W530x66 760 L200x200x13 17 414 C380x60 18 514
54 W310x97 365 L55x55x8 9 256 C380x50 10 356 134 W530x74 765 L200x200x13 17 416 C380x60 18 516
55 W310x107 370 L55x55x10 9 258 C380x50 10 358 135 W530x85 770 L200x200x13 17 418 C380x60 18 518
56 W310x118 375 L55x55x10 9 260 C380x50 10 360 136 W530x82a 775 L200x200x13 17 420 C380x60 18 520
57 W310x129 380 L65x65x5 9 262 C380x50 10 362 137 W530x92 780 L200x200x16 17 422 C380x60 18 522
58 W310x143 385 L65x65x5 9 264 C380x50 10 364 138 W530x101 785 L200x200x16 17 424 C380x60 18 524
59 W310x158 390 L65x65x6 9 266 C380x50 10 366 139 W530x109 790 L200x200x16 17 426 C380x60 18 526
60 W310x179 395 L65x65x6 9 268 C380x50 10 368 140 W530x123 795 L200x200x16 17 428 C380x60 18 528
61 W310x202 400 L65x65x8 10 270 C380x50 12 370 141 W530x138 800 L200x200x18 18 430 C380x60 20 530
62 W310x226 405 L65x65x8 10 272 C380x50 12 372 142 W530x150 805 L200x200x18 18 432 C380x60 20 532
63 W310x253 410 L65x65x10 10 274 C380x50 12 374 143 W530x165 810 L200x200x18 18 434 C380x60 20 534
64 W310x283 415 L65x65x10 10 276 C380x50 12 376 144 W530x182 815 L200x200x18 18 436 C380x60 20 536
65 W310x313 420 L65x65x12 10 278 C380x50 12 378 145 W530x196 820 L200x200x20 18 438 C380x60 20 538
66 W310x342 425 L65x65x12 10 280 C380x50 12 380 146 W530x219 825 L200x200x20 18 440 C380x60 20 540
67 W310x375 430 L75x75x5 10 282 C380x50 12 382 147 W610x82 830 L200x200x20 18 442 C380x60 20 542
68 W310x415 435 L75x75x5 10 284 C380x50 12 384 148 W610x92 835 L200x200x20 18 444 C380x60 20 544
69 W310x454 440 L75x75x6 10 286 C380x50 12 386 149 W610x101 840 L200x200x22 18 446 C380x60 20 546
70 W310x500 445 L75x75x6 10 288 C380x50 12 388 150 W610x113 845 L200x200x22 18 448 C380x60 20 548
71 W360x33 450 L75x75x8 11 290 C380x50 12 390 151 W610x125 850 L200x200x22 20 450 C380x60 20 550
72 W360x39 455 L75x75x8 11 292 C380x50 12 392 152 W610x140 855 L200x200x22 20 452 C380x60 20 552
73 W360x45 460 L75x75x10 11 294 C380x50 12 394 153 W610x155 860 L200x200x25 20 454 C380x60 20 554
74 W360x51 465 L75x75x10 11 296 C380x50 12 396 154 W610x174 865 L200x200x25 20 456 C380x60 20 556
75 W360x57 470 L75x75x13 11 298 C380x50 12 398 155 W610x195 870 L200x200x25 20 458 C380x60 20 558
76 W360x64 475 L75x75x13 11 300 C380x50 12 400 156 W610x217 875 L200x200x25 20 460 C380x60 20 560
77 W360x72 480 L90x90x6 11 302 C380x50 12 402 157 W610x241 880 L200x200x30 20 462 C380x60 20 562
78 W360x79 485 L90x90x6 11 304 C380x50 12 404 158 W690x125 885 L200x200x30 20 464 C380x60 20 564
79 W360x91 490 L90x90x8 11 306 C380x50 12 406 159 W690x140 890 L200x200x30 20 466 C380x60 20 566
80 W360x101 495 L90x90x8 11 308 C380x50 12 408 160 W690x152 895 L200x200x30 20 468 C380x60 20 568

2
 A rx xc rz leg t
Size mm2 mm mm mm mm mm
L20x20x3 112 5.90 5.98 3.83 20 3
L25x25x3 141 7.63 7.35 4.89 25 3
L25x25x4 184 7.50 7.71 4.87 25 4
L30x30x3 173 8.99 8.35 5.81 30 3
L30x30x5 277 8.83 9.18 5.75 30 5
L30x30x6 326 8.74 9.56 5.75 30 6
L35x35x4 264 10.70 10.20 6.86 35 4
L35x35x5 325 10.60 10.60 6.83 35 5
L35x35x6 384 10.50 10.90 6.81 35 6
L40x40x3 234 12.11 10.73 7.83 40 3
L40x40x5 378 11.97 11.62 7.73 40 5
L40x40x6 447 11.87 12.02 7.70 40 6
L45x45x3 261 14.10 12.40 8.93 45 3
L45x45x4 344 13.90 12.70 8.87 45 4
L45x45x5 425 13.80 13.10 8.82 45 5
L45x45x6 504 13.70 13.40 8.79 45 6
L45x45x8 656 13.40 14.20 8.76 45 8
L50x50x3 296 15.22 13.08 9.86 50 3
L50x50x5 480 15.11 14.04 9.73 50 5
L50x50x6 569 15.02 14.45 9.68 50 6
L50x50x8 741 14.82 15.24 9.63 50 8
L50x50x10 905 14.62 15.99 9.63 50 10
L55x55x3 321 17.30 14.90 11.00 55 3
L55x55x4 424 17.10 15.20 10.90 55 4
L55x55x5 525 17.00 15.60 10.80 55 5
L55x55x6 624 16.90 16.00 10.80 55 6
L55x55x8 816 16.60 16.70 10.70 55 8
L55x55x10 1000 16.40 17.40 10.70 55 10
L65x65x5 626 20.20 18.10 12.90 65 5
L65x65x6 744 20.10 18.50 12.80 65 6
L65x65x8 976 19.80 19.20 12.70 65 8
L65x65x10 1200 19.60 19.90 12.70 65 10
L65x65x12 1424 19.11 20.41 12.51 65 12
L75x75x5 725 23.40 20.60 14.90 75 5
L75x75x6 864 23.30 21.00 14.80 75 6
L75x75x8 1140 23.00 21.70 14.70 75 8
L75x75x10 1400 22.80 22.40 14.60 75 10
L75x75x13 1780 22.40 23.50 14.60 75 13
L90x90x6 1040 28.10 24.70 17.90 90 6
L90x90x8 1380 27.80 25.50 17.70 90 8
L90x90x10 1700 27.60 26.20 17.60 90 10
L90x90x13 2170 27.20 27.20 17.60 90 13
L100x100x6 1160 31.30 27.20 19.90 100 6
L100x100x8 1540 31.10 28.00 19.80 100 8
L100x100x10 1900 30.80 28.70 19.70 100 10
L100x100x13 2430 30.40 29.80 19.50 100 13
L100x100x16 2940 30.00 30.80 19.50 100 16
L100x100x18 3291 29.53 31.30 19.30 100 18
L125x125x22 5034 37.04 39.01 24.18 125 22
L125x125x8 1940 39.10 34.20 24.80 125 8
L125x125x10 2400 38.80 34.90 24.70 125 10
L125x125x13 3080 38.40 36.00 24.50 125 13
L125x125x16 3740 38.00 37.10 24.40 125 16
L125x125x18 4194 37.48 37.54 24.24 125 18
L150x150x8 2363 46.30 39.37 29.83 150 8
L150x150x10 2900 46.90 41.20 29.80 150 10
L150x150x13 3730 46.40 42.30 29.60 150 13
L150x150x14 4031 45.79 42.07 29.39 150 14
L150x150x16 4540 46.00 43.40 29.40 150 16
L150x150x18 5103 45.36 43.66 29.20 150 18
L150x150x20 5600 45.50 44.80 29.30 150 20
L150x150x22 6143 44.91 45.18 29.07 150 22
L200x200x10 3900 63.00 53.70 39.90 200 10
L200x200x13 5030 62.60 54.80 39.70 200 13
L200x200x16 6140 62.10 55.90 39.50 200 16
L200x200x18 6910 61.33 56.04 39.29 200 18
L200x200x20 7600 61.60 57.40 39.30 200 20
L200x200x22 8350 60.87 57.61 39.08 200 22
L200x200x25 9380 60.90 59.20 39.10 200 25
L200x200x30 11100 60.30 60.90 39.00 200 30

3
Problem Set 4 Applications: Tension and Compression Members

In the following problems use Fy = 248 MPa and Fu = 400 MPa unless otherwise specified.

4.1. For the roof framing shown, the estimated loads are as follows: i) top chord roof dead load (include roofing,
purlins, bracing, truss weight, accessories) is 0.30 kPa of inclined surface area, ii) bottom chord ceiling dead load
(include ceiling boards, framing, etc) is 0.20 kPa, of inclined surface area, and iii) top chord roof live load is 0.60 kPa of
projected horizontal area.

Select an appropriate single angle section which can be used for: a) the bottom chord member; b) the top chord
member; c) vertical members (adopt one size); and d) for diagonal members. Lateral support is provided only at the
joints. Assume 16 mm diameter bolts and minimum size of angle is 35x35x4 mm (why?) and use r = rz (why?).
Indicate in the demand-to-capacity ratio for the selected size.

4.2 For the floor framing shown, the estimated loads are as follows: i) dead loads are: tile flooring weighs 0.50 kPa;
cement topping and slab weighs 23.6 kN/m3; ceiling load weighs 0.60 kPa; ii) live load on the floor is 2.40 kPa; iii)
truss weight assumed to be 10% of all super-imposed dead and live load (to be distributed equally between the top and
bottom chord joints).

Select an appropriate section for the built-up truss girder: a) for bottom chord, use a structural tee cut from a W-shape
section, b) for top chord, use a structural tee cut from a W-shape section, c) for the end vertical member, select a double
angle section, d) for the end diagonal member, select a double angle section. For double angles, use r = rx (why?).

Assume all connections are welded and that lateral support for the top chord member is provided only at the joints and
for the bottom chord member at quarter points of the span. Indicate in the demand-to-capacity ratio for the selected
size.

1
2
Student PS 4.1 PS 4.2 Student PS 4.1 PS 4.2
Number x (m) y (m) z (m) x (m) y (m) z (m) t (mm) Number x (m) y (m) z (m) x (m) y (m) z (m) t (mm)
1 6.00 3.00 2.00 10.00 3.50 0.80 150 81 6.80 3.80 2.80 13.20 2.70 1.20 120
2 6.01 3.01 2.01 10.04 3.50 0.80 150 82 6.81 3.81 2.81 13.24 2.70 1.20 120
3 6.02 3.02 2.02 10.08 3.50 0.80 150 83 6.82 3.82 2.82 13.28 2.70 1.20 120
4 6.03 3.03 2.03 10.12 3.50 0.80 150 84 6.83 3.83 2.83 13.32 2.70 1.20 120
5 6.04 3.04 2.04 10.16 3.50 0.80 150 85 6.84 3.84 2.84 13.36 2.70 1.20 120
6 6.05 3.05 2.05 10.20 3.50 0.80 150 86 6.85 3.85 2.85 13.40 2.70 1.20 120
7 6.06 3.06 2.06 10.24 3.50 0.80 150 87 6.86 3.86 2.86 13.44 2.70 1.20 120
8 6.07 3.07 2.07 10.28 3.50 0.80 150 88 6.87 3.87 2.87 13.48 2.70 1.20 120
9 6.08 3.08 2.08 10.32 3.50 0.80 150 89 6.88 3.88 2.88 13.52 2.70 1.20 120
10 6.09 3.09 2.09 10.36 3.50 0.80 150 90 6.89 3.89 2.89 13.56 2.70 1.20 120
11 6.10 3.10 2.10 10.40 3.40 0.85 150 91 6.90 3.90 2.90 13.60 2.60 1.30 120
12 6.11 3.11 2.11 10.44 3.40 0.85 150 92 6.91 3.91 2.91 13.64 2.60 1.30 120
13 6.12 3.12 2.12 10.48 3.40 0.85 150 93 6.92 3.92 2.92 13.68 2.60 1.30 120
14 6.13 3.13 2.13 10.52 3.40 0.85 150 94 6.93 3.93 2.93 13.72 2.60 1.30 120
15 6.14 3.14 2.14 10.56 3.40 0.85 150 95 6.94 3.94 2.94 13.76 2.60 1.30 120
16 6.15 3.15 2.15 10.60 3.40 0.85 150 96 6.95 3.95 2.95 13.80 2.60 1.30 120
17 6.16 3.16 2.16 10.64 3.40 0.85 150 97 6.96 3.96 2.96 13.84 2.60 1.30 120
18 6.17 3.17 2.17 10.68 3.40 0.85 150 98 6.97 3.97 2.97 13.88 2.60 1.30 120
19 6.18 3.18 2.18 10.72 3.40 0.85 150 99 6.98 3.98 2.98 13.92 2.60 1.30 120
20 6.19 3.19 2.19 10.76 3.40 0.85 150 100 6.99 3.99 2.99 13.96 2.60 1.30 120
21 6.20 3.20 2.20 10.80 3.30 0.90 140 101 7.00 4.00 3.00 14.00 2.40 1.50 110
22 6.21 3.21 2.21 10.84 3.30 0.90 140 102 7.01 4.01 3.01 14.04 2.40 1.50 110
23 6.22 3.22 2.22 10.88 3.30 0.90 140 103 7.02 4.02 3.02 14.08 2.40 1.50 110
24 6.23 3.23 2.23 10.92 3.30 0.90 140 104 7.03 4.03 3.03 14.12 2.40 1.50 110
25 6.24 3.24 2.24 10.96 3.30 0.90 140 105 7.04 4.04 3.04 14.16 2.40 1.50 110
26 6.25 3.25 2.25 11.00 3.30 0.90 140 106 7.05 4.05 3.05 14.20 2.40 1.50 110
27 6.26 3.26 2.26 11.04 3.30 0.90 140 107 7.06 4.06 3.06 14.24 2.40 1.50 110
28 6.27 3.27 2.27 11.08 3.30 0.90 140 108 7.07 4.07 3.07 14.28 2.40 1.50 110
29 6.28 3.28 2.28 11.12 3.30 0.90 140 109 7.08 4.08 3.08 14.32 2.40 1.50 110
30 6.29 3.29 2.29 11.16 3.30 0.90 140 110 7.09 4.09 3.09 14.36 2.40 1.50 110
31 6.30 3.30 2.30 11.20 3.20 0.95 140 111 7.10 4.10 3.10 14.40 2.30 1.60 110
32 6.31 3.31 2.31 11.24 3.20 0.95 140 112 7.11 4.11 3.11 14.44 2.30 1.60 110
33 6.32 3.32 2.32 11.28 3.20 0.95 140 113 7.12 4.12 3.12 14.48 2.30 1.60 110
34 6.33 3.33 2.33 11.32 3.20 0.95 140 114 7.13 4.13 3.13 14.52 2.30 1.60 110
35 6.34 3.34 2.34 11.36 3.20 0.95 140 115 7.14 4.14 3.14 14.56 2.30 1.60 110
36 6.35 3.35 2.35 11.40 3.20 0.95 140 116 7.15 4.15 3.15 14.60 2.30 1.60 110
37 6.36 3.36 2.36 11.44 3.20 0.95 140 117 7.16 4.16 3.16 14.64 2.30 1.60 110
38 6.37 3.37 2.37 11.48 3.20 0.95 140 118 7.17 4.17 3.17 14.68 2.30 1.60 110
39 6.38 3.38 2.38 11.52 3.20 0.95 140 119 7.18 4.18 3.18 14.72 2.30 1.60 110
40 6.39 3.39 2.39 11.56 3.20 0.95 140 120 7.19 4.19 3.19 14.76 2.30 1.60 110
41 6.40 3.40 2.40 11.60 3.10 1.00 130 121 7.20 4.20 3.20 14.80 2.20 1.70 115
42 6.41 3.41 2.41 11.64 3.10 1.00 130 122 7.21 4.21 3.21 14.84 2.20 1.70 115
43 6.42 3.42 2.42 11.68 3.10 1.00 130 123 7.22 4.22 3.22 14.88 2.20 1.70 115
44 6.43 3.43 2.43 11.72 3.10 1.00 130 124 7.23 4.23 3.23 14.92 2.20 1.70 115
45 6.44 3.44 2.44 11.76 3.10 1.00 130 125 7.24 4.24 3.24 14.96 2.20 1.70 115
46 6.45 3.45 2.45 11.80 3.10 1.00 130 126 7.25 4.25 3.25 15.00 2.20 1.70 115
47 6.46 3.46 2.46 11.84 3.10 1.00 130 127 7.26 4.26 3.26 15.04 2.20 1.70 115
48 6.47 3.47 2.47 11.88 3.10 1.00 130 128 7.27 4.27 3.27 15.08 2.20 1.70 115
49 6.48 3.48 2.48 11.92 3.10 1.00 130 129 7.28 4.28 3.28 15.12 2.20 1.70 115
50 6.49 3.49 2.49 11.96 3.10 1.00 130 130 7.29 4.29 3.29 15.16 2.20 1.70 115
51 6.50 3.50 2.50 12.00 3.00 1.05 130 131 7.30 4.30 3.30 15.20 2.20 1.80 115
52 6.51 3.51 2.51 12.04 3.00 1.05 130 132 7.31 4.31 3.31 15.24 2.20 1.80 115
53 6.52 3.52 2.52 12.08 3.00 1.05 130 133 7.32 4.32 3.32 15.28 2.20 1.80 115
54 6.53 3.53 2.53 12.12 3.00 1.05 130 134 7.33 4.33 3.33 15.32 2.20 1.80 115
55 6.54 3.54 2.54 12.16 3.00 1.05 130 135 7.34 4.34 3.34 15.36 2.20 1.80 115
56 6.55 3.55 2.55 12.20 3.00 1.05 130 136 7.35 4.35 3.35 15.40 2.20 1.80 115
57 6.56 3.56 2.56 12.24 3.00 1.05 130 137 7.36 4.36 3.36 15.44 2.20 1.80 115
58 6.57 3.57 2.57 12.28 3.00 1.05 130 138 7.37 4.37 3.37 15.48 2.20 1.80 115
59 6.58 3.58 2.58 12.32 3.00 1.05 130 139 7.38 4.38 3.38 15.52 2.20 1.80 115
60 6.59 3.59 2.59 12.36 3.00 1.05 130 140 7.39 4.39 3.39 15.56 2.20 1.80 115
61 6.60 3.60 2.60 12.40 2.90 1.10 125 141 7.40 4.40 3.40 15.60 2.10 1.90 100
62 6.61 3.61 2.61 12.44 2.90 1.10 125 142 7.41 4.41 3.41 15.64 2.10 1.90 100
63 6.62 3.62 2.62 12.48 2.90 1.10 125 143 7.42 4.42 3.42 15.68 2.10 1.90 100
64 6.63 3.63 2.63 12.52 2.90 1.10 125 144 7.43 4.43 3.43 15.72 2.10 1.90 100
65 6.64 3.64 2.64 12.56 2.90 1.10 125 145 7.44 4.44 3.44 15.76 2.10 1.90 100
66 6.65 3.65 2.65 12.60 2.90 1.10 125 146 7.45 4.45 3.45 15.80 2.10 1.90 100
67 6.66 3.66 2.66 12.64 2.90 1.10 125 147 7.46 4.46 3.46 15.84 2.10 1.90 100
68 6.67 3.67 2.67 12.68 2.90 1.10 125 148 7.47 4.47 3.47 15.88 2.10 1.90 100
69 6.68 3.68 2.68 12.72 2.90 1.10 125 149 7.48 4.48 3.48 15.92 2.10 1.90 100
70 6.69 3.69 2.69 12.76 2.90 1.10 125 150 7.49 4.49 3.49 15.96 2.10 1.90 100
71 6.70 3.70 2.70 12.80 2.80 1.15 125 151 7.50 4.50 3.50 16.00 2.00 2.00 100
72 6.71 3.71 2.71 12.84 2.80 1.15 125 152 7.51 4.51 3.51 16.04 2.00 2.00 100
73 6.72 3.72 2.72 12.88 2.80 1.15 125 153 7.52 4.52 3.52 16.08 2.00 2.00 100
74 6.73 3.73 2.73 12.92 2.80 1.15 125 154 7.53 4.53 3.53 16.12 2.00 2.00 100
75 6.74 3.74 2.74 12.96 2.80 1.15 125 155 7.54 4.54 3.54 16.16 2.00 2.00 100
76 6.75 3.75 2.75 13.00 2.80 1.15 125 156 7.55 4.55 3.55 16.20 2.00 2.00 100
77 6.76 3.76 2.76 13.04 2.80 1.15 125 157 7.56 4.56 3.56 16.24 2.00 2.00 100
78 6.77 3.77 2.77 13.08 2.80 1.15 125 158 7.57 4.57 3.57 16.28 2.00 2.00 100
79 6.78 3.78 2.78 13.12 2.80 1.15 125 159 7.58 4.58 3.58 16.32 2.00 2.00 100
80 6.79 3.79 2.79 13.16 2.80 1.15 125 160 7.59 4.59 3.59 16.36 2.00 2.00 100

3
Problem Set 5 Beams in Flexure

5.1 Compute the moment capacity of a W-shape with the given section dimensions when a) Fy = 248 MPa and b) Fy =
345 MPa. Assume the section has full lateral support for its compression flange.

5.2 Using the section dimensions given in 5.1, find the allowable concentrated load which may be placed at the end of
cantilever for a) Fy = 248 MPa and unbraced cantilever span L1 meters and b) Fy = 345 MPa and unbraced cantilever
span L2 meters.

5.3 An unsymmetrical built-up W-section with Fy = 345 MPa is loaded as shown. Determine the adequacy of the
section if lateral support is provided only at points 1, 2 and 3. Beam weight is not yet included in the value of w.

1
 PS 5.1 & PS 5.2 & 5.3 PS 5.2 PS 5.3 PS 5.1 & PS 5.2 & 5.3 PS 5.2 PS 5.3
Student d bf tf tw L1 L2 P w x Student d bf tf tw L1 L2 P w x
Number mm mm mm mm m m kN kN/m m Number mm mm mm mm m m kN kN/m m
1 350 170 8.0 6.2 2.26 1.65 30.0 12.0 4.50 81 510 330 16.0 14.2 4.29 3.65 62.0 44.0 7.70
2 352 172 8.1 6.3 2.28 1.68 30.4 12.4 4.54 82 512 332 16.1 14.3 4.32 3.67 62.4 44.4 7.74
3 354 174 8.2 6.4 2.31 1.71 30.8 12.8 4.58 83 514 334 16.2 14.4 4.34 3.70 62.8 44.8 7.78
4 356 176 8.3 6.5 2.34 1.74 31.2 13.2 4.62 84 516 336 16.3 14.5 4.37 3.72 63.2 45.2 7.82
5 358 178 8.4 6.6 2.36 1.77 31.6 13.6 4.66 85 518 338 16.4 14.6 4.39 3.74 63.6 45.6 7.86
6 360 180 8.5 6.7 2.39 1.80 32.0 14.0 4.70 86 520 340 16.5 14.7 4.42 3.76 64.0 46.0 7.90
7 362 182 8.6 6.8 2.41 1.83 32.4 14.4 4.74 87 522 342 16.6 14.8 4.44 3.78 64.4 46.4 7.94
8 364 184 8.7 6.9 2.44 1.86 32.8 14.8 4.78 88 524 344 16.7 14.9 4.47 3.80 64.8 46.8 7.98
9 366 186 8.8 7.0 2.46 1.89 33.2 15.2 4.82 89 526 346 16.8 15.0 4.49 3.83 65.2 47.2 8.02
10 368 188 8.9 7.1 2.49 1.92 33.6 15.6 4.86 90 528 348 16.9 15.1 4.52 3.85 65.6 47.6 8.06
11 370 190 9.0 7.2 2.51 1.95 34.0 16.0 4.90 91 530 350 17.0 15.2 4.55 3.87 66.0 48.0 8.10
12 372 192 9.1 7.3 2.54 1.98 34.4 16.4 4.94 92 532 352 17.1 15.3 4.57 3.89 66.4 48.4 8.14
13 374 194 9.2 7.4 2.56 2.01 34.8 16.8 4.98 93 534 354 17.2 15.4 4.60 3.91 66.8 48.8 8.18
14 376 196 9.3 7.5 2.59 2.04 35.2 17.2 5.02 94 536 356 17.3 15.5 4.62 3.93 67.2 49.2 8.22
15 378 198 9.4 7.6 2.61 2.07 35.6 17.6 5.06 95 538 358 17.4 15.6 4.65 3.95 67.6 49.6 8.26
16 380 200 9.5 7.7 2.64 2.10 36.0 18.0 5.10 96 540 360 17.5 15.7 4.67 3.98 68.0 50.0 8.30
17 382 202 9.6 7.8 2.67 2.13 36.4 18.4 5.14 97 542 362 17.6 15.8 4.70 4.00 68.4 50.4 8.34
18 384 204 9.7 7.9 2.69 2.16 36.8 18.8 5.18 98 544 364 17.7 15.9 4.72 4.02 68.8 50.8 8.38
19 386 206 9.8 8.0 2.72 2.19 37.2 19.2 5.22 99 546 366 17.8 16.0 4.75 4.04 69.2 51.2 8.42
20 388 208 9.9 8.1 2.74 2.22 37.6 19.6 5.26 100 548 368 17.9 16.1 4.77 4.06 69.6 51.6 8.46
21 390 210 10.0 8.2 2.77 2.25 38.0 20.0 5.30 101 550 370 18.0 16.2 4.80 4.08 70.0 52.0 8.50
22 392 212 10.1 8.3 2.79 2.28 38.4 20.4 5.34 102 552 372 18.1 16.3 4.82 4.11 70.4 52.4 8.54
23 394 214 10.2 8.4 2.82 2.31 38.8 20.8 5.38 103 554 374 18.2 16.4 4.85 4.13 70.8 52.8 8.58
24 396 216 10.3 8.5 2.84 2.35 39.2 21.2 5.42 104 556 376 18.3 16.5 4.88 4.15 71.2 53.2 8.62
25 398 218 10.4 8.6 2.87 2.38 39.6 21.6 5.46 105 558 378 18.4 16.6 4.90 4.17 71.6 53.6 8.66
26 400 220 10.5 8.7 2.89 2.41 40.0 22.0 5.50 106 560 380 18.5 16.7 4.93 4.19 72.0 54.0 8.70
27 402 222 10.6 8.8 2.92 2.44 40.4 22.4 5.54 107 562 382 18.6 16.8 4.95 4.21 72.4 54.4 8.74
28 404 224 10.7 8.9 2.94 2.47 40.8 22.8 5.58 108 564 384 18.7 16.9 4.98 4.23 72.8 54.8 8.78
29 406 226 10.8 9.0 2.97 2.50 41.2 23.2 5.62 109 566 386 18.8 17.0 5.00 4.26 73.2 55.2 8.82
30 408 228 10.9 9.1 3.00 2.53 41.6 23.6 5.66 110 568 388 18.9 17.1 5.03 4.28 73.6 55.6 8.86
31 410 230 11.0 9.2 3.02 2.57 42.0 24.0 5.70 111 570 390 19.0 17.2 5.05 4.30 74.0 56.0 8.90
32 412 232 11.1 9.3 3.05 2.60 42.4 24.4 5.74 112 572 392 19.1 17.3 5.08 4.32 74.4 56.4 8.94
33 414 234 11.2 9.4 3.07 2.62 42.8 24.8 5.78 113 574 394 19.2 17.4 5.10 4.34 74.8 56.8 8.98
34 416 236 11.3 9.5 3.10 2.64 43.2 25.2 5.82 114 576 396 19.3 17.5 5.13 4.36 75.2 57.2 9.02
35 418 238 11.4 9.6 3.12 2.66 43.6 25.6 5.86 115 578 398 19.4 17.6 5.15 4.39 75.6 57.6 9.06
36 420 240 11.5 9.7 3.15 2.68 44.0 26.0 5.90 116 580 400 19.5 17.7 5.18 4.41 76.0 58.0 9.10
37 422 242 11.6 9.8 3.17 2.71 44.4 26.4 5.94 117 582 402 19.6 17.8 5.21 4.43 76.4 58.4 9.14
38 424 244 11.7 9.9 3.20 2.73 44.8 26.8 5.98 118 584 404 19.7 17.9 5.23 4.45 76.8 58.8 9.18
39 426 246 11.8 10.0 3.22 2.75 45.2 27.2 6.02 119 586 406 19.8 18.0 5.26 4.47 77.2 59.2 9.22
40 428 248 11.9 10.1 3.25 2.77 45.6 27.6 6.06 120 588 408 19.9 18.1 5.28 4.49 77.6 59.6 9.26
41 430 250 12.0 10.2 3.28 2.79 46.0 28.0 6.10 121 590 410 20.0 18.2 5.31 4.51 78.0 60.0 9.30
42 432 252 12.1 10.3 3.30 2.81 46.4 28.4 6.14 122 592 412 20.1 18.3 5.33 4.54 78.4 60.4 9.34
43 434 254 12.2 10.4 3.33 2.83 46.8 28.8 6.18 123 594 414 20.2 18.4 5.36 4.56 78.8 60.8 9.38
44 436 256 12.3 10.5 3.35 2.86 47.2 29.2 6.22 124 596 416 20.3 18.5 5.38 4.58 79.2 61.2 9.42
45 438 258 12.4 10.6 3.38 2.88 47.6 29.6 6.26 125 598 418 20.4 18.6 5.41 4.60 79.6 61.6 9.46
46 440 260 12.5 10.7 3.40 2.90 48.0 30.0 6.30 126 600 420 20.5 18.7 5.43 4.62 80.0 62.0 9.50
47 442 262 12.6 10.8 3.43 2.92 48.4 30.4 6.34 127 602 422 20.6 18.8 5.46 4.64 80.4 62.4 9.54
48 444 264 12.7 10.9 3.45 2.94 48.8 30.8 6.38 128 604 424 20.7 18.9 5.48 4.67 80.8 62.8 9.58
49 446 266 12.8 11.0 3.48 2.96 49.2 31.2 6.42 129 606 426 20.8 19.0 5.51 4.69 81.2 63.2 9.62
50 448 268 12.9 11.1 3.50 2.99 49.6 31.6 6.46 130 608 428 20.9 19.1 5.54 4.71 81.6 63.6 9.66
51 450 270 13.0 11.2 3.53 3.01 50.0 32.0 6.50 131 610 430 21.0 19.2 5.56 4.73 82.0 64.0 9.70
52 452 272 13.1 11.3 3.55 3.03 50.4 32.4 6.54 132 612 432 21.1 19.3 5.59 4.75 82.4 64.4 9.74
53 454 274 13.2 11.4 3.58 3.05 50.8 32.8 6.58 133 614 434 21.2 19.4 5.61 4.77 82.8 64.8 9.78
54 456 276 13.3 11.5 3.61 3.07 51.2 33.2 6.62 134 616 436 21.3 19.5 5.64 4.79 83.2 65.2 9.82
55 458 278 13.4 11.6 3.63 3.09 51.6 33.6 6.66 135 618 438 21.4 19.6 5.66 4.82 83.6 65.6 9.86
56 460 280 13.5 11.7 3.66 3.11 52.0 34.0 6.70 136 620 440 21.5 19.7 5.69 4.84 84.0 66.0 9.90
57 462 282 13.6 11.8 3.68 3.14 52.4 34.4 6.74 137 622 442 21.6 19.8 5.71 4.86 84.4 66.4 9.94
58 464 284 13.7 11.9 3.71 3.16 52.8 34.8 6.78 138 624 444 21.7 19.9 5.74 4.88 84.8 66.8 9.98
59 466 286 13.8 12.0 3.73 3.18 53.2 35.2 6.82 139 626 446 21.8 20.0 5.76 4.90 85.2 67.2 10.02
60 468 288 13.9 12.1 3.76 3.20 53.6 35.6 6.86 140 628 448 21.9 20.1 5.79 4.92 85.6 67.6 10.06
61 470 290 14.0 12.2 3.78 3.22 54.0 36.0 6.90 141 630 450 22.0 20.2 5.82 4.95 86.0 68.0 10.10
62 472 292 14.1 12.3 3.81 3.24 54.4 36.4 6.94 142 632 452 22.1 20.3 5.84 4.97 86.4 68.4 10.14
63 474 294 14.2 12.4 3.83 3.27 54.8 36.8 6.98 143 634 454 22.2 20.4 5.87 4.99 86.8 68.8 10.18
64 476 296 14.3 12.5 3.86 3.29 55.2 37.2 7.02 144 636 456 22.3 20.5 5.89 5.01 87.2 69.2 10.22
65 478 298 14.4 12.6 3.88 3.31 55.6 37.6 7.06 145 638 458 22.4 20.6 5.92 5.03 87.6 69.6 10.26
66 480 300 14.5 12.7 3.91 3.33 56.0 38.0 7.10 146 640 460 22.5 20.7 5.94 5.05 88.0 70.0 10.30
67 482 302 14.6 12.8 3.94 3.35 56.4 38.4 7.14 147 642 462 22.6 20.8 5.97 5.07 88.4 70.4 10.34
68 484 304 14.7 12.9 3.96 3.37 56.8 38.8 7.18 148 644 464 22.7 20.9 5.99 5.10 88.8 70.8 10.38
69 486 306 14.8 13.0 3.99 3.39 57.2 39.2 7.22 149 646 466 22.8 21.0 6.02 5.12 89.2 71.2 10.42
70 488 308 14.9 13.1 4.01 3.42 57.6 39.6 7.26 150 648 468 22.9 21.1 6.04 5.14 89.6 71.6 10.46
71 490 310 15.0 13.2 4.04 3.44 58.0 40.0 7.30 151 650 470 23.0 21.2 6.07 5.16 90.0 72.0 10.50
72 492 312 15.1 13.3 4.06 3.46 58.4 40.4 7.34 152 652 472 23.1 21.3 6.09 5.18 90.4 72.4 10.54
73 494 314 15.2 13.4 4.09 3.48 58.8 40.8 7.38 153 654 474 23.2 21.4 6.12 5.20 90.8 72.8 10.58
74 496 316 15.3 13.5 4.11 3.50 59.2 41.2 7.42 154 656 476 23.3 21.5 6.15 5.23 91.2 73.2 10.62
75 498 318 15.4 13.6 4.14 3.52 59.6 41.6 7.46 155 658 478 23.4 21.6 6.17 5.25 91.6 73.6 10.66
76 500 320 15.5 13.7 4.16 3.55 60.0 42.0 7.50 156 660 480 23.5 21.7 6.20 5.27 92.0 74.0 10.70
77 502 322 15.6 13.8 4.19 3.57 60.4 42.4 7.54 157 662 482 23.6 21.8 6.22 5.29 92.4 74.4 10.74
78 504 324 15.7 13.9 4.21 3.59 60.8 42.8 7.58 158 664 484 23.7 21.9 6.25 5.31 92.8 74.8 10.78
79 506 326 15.8 14.0 4.24 3.61 61.2 43.2 7.62 159 666 486 23.8 22.0 6.27 5.33 93.2 75.2 10.82
80 508 328 15.9 14.1 4.27 3.63 61.6 43.6 7.66 160 668 488 23.9 22.1 6.30 5.35 93.6 75.6 10.86

2
Problem Set 6 Beam-Columns (Axial Compression Plus Bending)

In the following problems, use Fy = 248 MPa.

6.1 A steel column is fabricated from two W-section welded at their flanges as shown. Determine the adequacy of the
column to carry a load of P kN plus a bending moment of Mx and My. The unsupported length of the column is 5.00
meters and the column is laterally supported only at the ends. Assume K = 1.0, Cmx = 0.85 and Cmy = 1.0.

6.2 The frame shown is to support a total load of w kN/m. Determine the adequacy of a W-section to be used for
members AB, BC and BD. Assume lateral support to be provided only at the joints and use Fy = 248 MPa. Use the
following: For member AB, use 𝐶𝑚 = 1 ‒ 0.4 ()
𝑓𝑎
𝐹𝑒 and for member BD, use 𝐶𝑚 = 0.6 ‒ 0.4 ( ) ≥ 0.4 when
𝑀1
𝑀2
𝑓𝑎
𝐹𝑎 > 0.15. The
section is bent about its strong axis. Also, K=1.0 for AB and K=0.8 for BD. Neglect member weight. Use same section
dimension in P6.1

6.3 The symmetrical framed structure shown is hinged at A, C and E. The outer flanged is braced laterally by the purlins
and side girts but the inner flange is braced only at joints and at member mid-length. The section is bent about its strong
axis. Use K=1.0 for all members, Cm = 0.85. Investigate the adequacy of the W-section in P6.1 to be used for the column
and rafter.

Sample answers:

1
Student data:
PS 6.1 PS 6.2 PS 6.3 PS 6.1 PS 6.2 PS 6.3
Student P Mx My d x w L h w Student P Mx My d x w L h w
Number kN kN-m kN-m mm m kN/m m m kN/m Number kN kN-m kN-m mm m kN/m m m kN/m
1 500 100 75 300 6.00 40.0 12.00 4.50 14.0 81 660 500 475 380 8.40 56.0 20.00 5.30 14.8
2 502 105 80 301 6.03 40.2 12.10 4.50 14.0 82 662 505 480 381 8.43 56.2 20.10 5.30 14.8
3 504 110 85 302 6.06 40.4 12.20 4.50 14.0 83 664 510 485 382 8.46 56.4 20.20 5.30 14.8
4 506 115 90 303 6.09 40.6 12.30 4.50 14.0 84 666 515 490 383 8.49 56.6 20.30 5.30 14.8
5 508 120 95 304 6.12 40.8 12.40 4.50 14.0 85 668 520 495 384 8.52 56.8 20.40 5.30 14.8
6 510 125 100 305 6.15 41.0 12.50 4.50 14.0 86 670 525 500 385 8.55 57.0 20.50 5.30 14.8
7 512 130 105 306 6.18 41.2 12.60 4.50 14.0 87 672 530 505 386 8.58 57.2 20.60 5.30 14.8
8 514 135 110 307 6.21 41.4 12.70 4.50 14.0 88 674 535 510 387 8.61 57.4 20.70 5.30 14.8
9 516 140 115 308 6.24 41.6 12.80 4.50 14.0 89 676 540 515 388 8.64 57.6 20.80 5.30 14.8
10 518 145 120 309 6.27 41.8 12.90 4.50 14.0 90 678 545 520 389 8.67 57.8 20.90 5.30 14.8
11 520 150 125 310 6.30 42.0 13.00 4.60 14.1 91 680 550 525 390 8.70 58.0 21.00 5.40 14.9
12 522 155 130 311 6.33 42.2 13.10 4.60 14.1 92 682 555 530 391 8.73 58.2 21.10 5.40 14.9
13 524 160 135 312 6.36 42.4 13.20 4.60 14.1 93 684 560 535 392 8.76 58.4 21.20 5.40 14.9
14 526 165 140 313 6.39 42.6 13.30 4.60 14.1 94 686 565 540 393 8.79 58.6 21.30 5.40 14.9
15 528 170 145 314 6.42 42.8 13.40 4.60 14.1 95 688 570 545 394 8.82 58.8 21.40 5.40 14.9
16 530 175 150 315 6.45 43.0 13.50 4.60 14.1 96 690 575 550 395 8.85 59.0 21.50 5.40 14.9
17 532 180 155 316 6.48 43.2 13.60 4.60 14.1 97 692 580 555 396 8.88 59.2 21.60 5.40 14.9
18 534 185 160 317 6.51 43.4 13.70 4.60 14.1 98 694 585 560 397 8.91 59.4 21.70 5.40 14.9
19 536 190 165 318 6.54 43.6 13.80 4.60 14.1 99 696 590 565 398 8.94 59.6 21.80 5.40 14.9
20 538 195 170 319 6.57 43.8 13.90 4.60 14.1 100 698 595 570 399 8.97 59.8 21.90 5.40 14.9
21 540 200 175 320 6.60 44.0 14.00 4.70 14.2 101 700 600 575 400 9.00 60.0 22.00 5.50 15.0
22 542 205 180 321 6.63 44.2 14.10 4.70 14.2 102 702 605 580 401 9.03 60.2 22.10 5.50 15.0
23 544 210 185 322 6.66 44.4 14.20 4.70 14.2 103 704 610 585 402 9.06 60.4 22.20 5.50 15.0
24 546 215 190 323 6.69 44.6 14.30 4.70 14.2 104 706 615 590 403 9.09 60.6 22.30 5.50 15.0
25 548 220 195 324 6.72 44.8 14.40 4.70 14.2 105 708 620 595 404 9.12 60.8 22.40 5.50 15.0
26 550 225 200 325 6.75 45.0 14.50 4.70 14.2 106 710 625 600 405 9.15 61.0 22.50 5.50 15.0
27 552 230 205 326 6.78 45.2 14.60 4.70 14.2 107 712 630 605 406 9.18 61.2 22.60 5.50 15.0
28 554 235 210 327 6.81 45.4 14.70 4.70 14.2 108 714 635 610 407 9.21 61.4 22.70 5.50 15.0
29 556 240 215 328 6.84 45.6 14.80 4.70 14.2 109 716 640 615 408 9.24 61.6 22.80 5.50 15.0
30 558 245 220 329 6.87 45.8 14.90 4.70 14.2 110 718 645 620 409 9.27 61.8 22.90 5.50 15.0
31 560 250 225 330 6.90 46.0 15.00 4.80 14.3 111 720 650 625 410 9.30 62.0 23.00 5.60 15.1
32 562 255 230 331 6.93 46.2 15.10 4.80 14.3 112 722 655 630 411 9.33 62.2 23.10 5.60 15.1
33 564 260 235 332 6.96 46.4 15.20 4.80 14.3 113 724 660 635 412 9.36 62.4 23.20 5.60 15.1
34 566 265 240 333 6.99 46.6 15.30 4.80 14.3 114 726 665 640 413 9.39 62.6 23.30 5.60 15.1
35 568 270 245 334 7.02 46.8 15.40 4.80 14.3 115 728 670 645 414 9.42 62.8 23.40 5.60 15.1
36 570 275 250 335 7.05 47.0 15.50 4.80 14.3 116 730 675 650 415 9.45 63.0 23.50 5.60 15.1
37 572 280 255 336 7.08 47.2 15.60 4.80 14.3 117 732 680 655 416 9.48 63.2 23.60 5.60 15.1
38 574 285 260 337 7.11 47.4 15.70 4.80 14.3 118 734 685 660 417 9.51 63.4 23.70 5.60 15.1
39 576 290 265 338 7.14 47.6 15.80 4.80 14.3 119 736 690 665 418 9.54 63.6 23.80 5.60 15.1
40 578 295 270 339 7.17 47.8 15.90 4.80 14.3 120 738 695 670 419 9.57 63.8 23.90 5.60 15.1
41 580 300 275 340 7.20 48.0 16.00 4.90 14.4 121 740 700 675 420 9.60 64.0 24.00 5.70 15.2
42 582 305 280 341 7.23 48.2 16.10 4.90 14.4 122 742 705 680 421 9.63 64.2 24.10 5.70 15.2
43 584 310 285 342 7.26 48.4 16.20 4.90 14.4 123 744 710 685 422 9.66 64.4 24.20 5.70 15.2
44 586 315 290 343 7.29 48.6 16.30 4.90 14.4 124 746 715 690 423 9.69 64.6 24.30 5.70 15.2
45 588 320 295 344 7.32 48.8 16.40 4.90 14.4 125 748 720 695 424 9.72 64.8 24.40 5.70 15.2
46 590 325 300 345 7.35 49.0 16.50 4.90 14.4 126 750 725 700 425 9.75 65.0 24.50 5.70 15.2
47 592 330 305 346 7.38 49.2 16.60 4.90 14.4 127 752 730 705 426 9.78 65.2 24.60 5.70 15.2
48 594 335 310 347 7.41 49.4 16.70 4.90 14.4 128 754 735 710 427 9.81 65.4 24.70 5.70 15.2
49 596 340 315 348 7.44 49.6 16.80 4.90 14.4 129 756 740 715 428 9.84 65.6 24.80 5.70 15.2
50 598 345 320 349 7.47 49.8 16.90 4.90 14.4 130 758 745 720 429 9.87 65.8 24.90 5.70 15.2
51 600 350 325 350 7.50 50.0 17.00 5.00 14.5 131 760 750 725 430 9.90 66.0 25.00 5.80 15.3
52 602 355 330 351 7.53 50.2 17.10 5.00 14.5 132 762 755 730 431 9.93 66.2 25.10 5.80 15.3
53 604 360 335 352 7.56 50.4 17.20 5.00 14.5 133 764 760 735 432 9.96 66.4 25.20 5.80 15.3
54 606 365 340 353 7.59 50.6 17.30 5.00 14.5 134 766 765 740 433 9.99 66.6 25.30 5.80 15.3
55 608 370 345 354 7.62 50.8 17.40 5.00 14.5 135 768 770 745 434 10.02 66.8 25.40 5.80 15.3
56 610 375 350 355 7.65 51.0 17.50 5.00 14.5 136 770 775 750 435 10.05 67.0 25.50 5.80 15.3
57 612 380 355 356 7.68 51.2 17.60 5.00 14.5 137 772 780 755 436 10.08 67.2 25.60 5.80 15.3
58 614 385 360 357 7.71 51.4 17.70 5.00 14.5 138 774 785 760 437 10.11 67.4 25.70 5.80 15.3
59 616 390 365 358 7.74 51.6 17.80 5.00 14.5 139 776 790 765 438 10.14 67.6 25.80 5.80 15.3
60 618 395 370 359 7.77 51.8 17.90 5.00 14.5 140 778 795 770 439 10.17 67.8 25.90 5.80 15.3
61 620 400 375 360 7.80 52.0 18.00 5.10 14.6 141 780 800 775 440 10.20 68.0 26.00 5.90 15.4
62 622 405 380 361 7.83 52.2 18.10 5.10 14.6 142 782 805 780 441 10.23 68.2 26.10 5.90 15.4
63 624 410 385 362 7.86 52.4 18.20 5.10 14.6 143 784 810 785 442 10.26 68.4 26.20 5.90 15.4
64 626 415 390 363 7.89 52.6 18.30 5.10 14.6 144 786 815 790 443 10.29 68.6 26.30 5.90 15.4
65 628 420 395 364 7.92 52.8 18.40 5.10 14.6 145 788 820 795 444 10.32 68.8 26.40 5.90 15.4
66 630 425 400 365 7.95 53.0 18.50 5.10 14.6 146 790 825 800 445 10.35 69.0 26.50 5.90 15.4
67 632 430 405 366 7.98 53.2 18.60 5.10 14.6 147 792 830 805 446 10.38 69.2 26.60 5.90 15.4
68 634 435 410 367 8.01 53.4 18.70 5.10 14.6 148 794 835 810 447 10.41 69.4 26.70 5.90 15.4
69 636 440 415 368 8.04 53.6 18.80 5.10 14.6 149 796 840 815 448 10.44 69.6 26.80 5.90 15.4
70 638 445 420 369 8.07 53.8 18.90 5.10 14.6 150 798 845 820 449 10.47 69.8 26.90 5.90 15.4
71 640 450 425 370 8.10 54.0 19.00 5.20 14.7 151 800 850 825 450 10.50 70.0 27.00 6.00 15.5
72 642 455 430 371 8.13 54.2 19.10 5.20 14.7 152 802 855 830 451 10.53 70.2 27.10 6.00 15.5
73 644 460 435 372 8.16 54.4 19.20 5.20 14.7 153 804 860 835 452 10.56 70.4 27.20 6.00 15.5
74 646 465 440 373 8.19 54.6 19.30 5.20 14.7 154 806 865 840 453 10.59 70.6 27.30 6.00 15.5
75 648 470 445 374 8.22 54.8 19.40 5.20 14.7 155 808 870 845 454 10.62 70.8 27.40 6.00 15.5
76 650 475 450 375 8.25 55.0 19.50 5.20 14.7 156 810 875 850 455 10.65 71.0 27.50 6.00 15.5
77 652 480 455 376 8.28 55.2 19.60 5.20 14.7 157 812 880 855 456 10.68 71.2 27.60 6.00 15.5
78 654 485 460 377 8.31 55.4 19.70 5.20 14.7 158 814 885 860 457 10.71 71.4 27.70 6.00 15.5
79 656 490 465 378 8.34 55.6 19.80 5.20 14.7 159 816 890 865 458 10.74 71.6 27.80 6.00 15.5
80 658 495 470 379 8.37 55.8 19.90 5.20 14.7 160 818 895 870 459 10.77 71.8 27.90 6.00 15.5

2
Problem Set 7 Other Design Considerations: Shear/Local Failures/Deflection

7.1 A W-section (Fy = 250 MPa) carries a heavy concentrated load as shown. a) Compute the maximum theoretical
shearing stress in the section, b) Determine the adequacy in shear using NSCP specifications, c) Draw the variation in
shear in the cross-section, d) Find the percentage shear force carried by the web alone.

7.2 For the W-section in PS 7.1, a concentrated load is applied at the top flange at a distance greater than the depth of
the member from the end. Compute the maximum load in order to avoid a) a web yielding failure, b) a web crippling
failure. Using the governing value in a and b, verify is bearing stiffeners are required if the laterally unbraced length
along the flange at the point of the load is 3.00 meters and that the loaded flange is c) restrained against rotation and d)
not restrained against rotation. Assume length of bearing to 75 mm and k = 35 mm.

7.3 The W-section in PS 7.1 is to be used for the overhanging beam shown. The beam is to carry uniformly distributed
dead load of DL kN/m in addition to its own weight, a movable uniformly distributed live load of LL kN/m and a
movable wheel load P kN. Investigate the adequacy of the section for flexure, shear, and deflection. The allowable
deflection due to live load at midspan and at the overhanging end is span/360 (Note: the span is taken as L for
midspan deflection and 0.30L for the overhang.) Lateral support is provided only at points 1, 2 and 3.

Sample answers:

1
 PS 7.1 PS 7.3 PS 7.1 PS 7.3
Student d P L P DL LL L Student d P L P DL LL L
Number mm kN m kN kN/m kN/m m Number mm kN m kN kN/m kN/m m
1 300 120 4.00 40.0 4.5 9.6 5.00 81 380 280 5.60 56.0 20.5 41.6 5.80
2 301 122 4.02 40.2 4.7 10.0 5.01 82 381 282 5.62 56.2 20.7 42.0 5.81
3 302 124 4.04 40.4 4.9 10.4 5.02 83 382 284 5.64 56.4 20.9 42.4 5.82
4 303 126 4.06 40.6 5.1 10.8 5.03 84 383 286 5.66 56.6 21.1 42.8 5.83
5 304 128 4.08 40.8 5.3 11.2 5.04 85 384 288 5.68 56.8 21.3 43.2 5.84
6 305 130 4.10 41.0 5.5 11.6 5.05 86 385 290 5.70 57.0 21.5 43.6 5.85
7 306 132 4.12 41.2 5.7 12.0 5.06 87 386 292 5.72 57.2 21.7 44.0 5.86
8 307 134 4.14 41.4 5.9 12.4 5.07 88 387 294 5.74 57.4 21.9 44.4 5.87
9 308 136 4.16 41.6 6.1 12.8 5.08 89 388 296 5.76 57.6 22.1 44.8 5.88
10 309 138 4.18 41.8 6.3 13.2 5.09 90 389 298 5.78 57.8 22.3 45.2 5.89
11 310 140 4.20 42.0 6.5 13.6 5.10 91 390 300 5.80 58.0 22.5 45.6 5.90
12 311 142 4.22 42.2 6.7 14.0 5.11 92 391 302 5.82 58.2 22.7 46.0 5.91
13 312 144 4.24 42.4 6.9 14.4 5.12 93 392 304 5.84 58.4 22.9 46.4 5.92
14 313 146 4.26 42.6 7.1 14.8 5.13 94 393 306 5.86 58.6 23.1 46.8 5.93
15 314 148 4.28 42.8 7.3 15.2 5.14 95 394 308 5.88 58.8 23.3 47.2 5.94
16 315 150 4.30 43.0 7.5 15.6 5.15 96 395 310 5.90 59.0 23.5 47.6 5.95
17 316 152 4.32 43.2 7.7 16.0 5.16 97 396 312 5.92 59.2 23.7 48.0 5.96
18 317 154 4.34 43.4 7.9 16.4 5.17 98 397 314 5.94 59.4 23.9 48.4 5.97
19 318 156 4.36 43.6 8.1 16.8 5.18 99 398 316 5.96 59.6 24.1 48.8 5.98
20 319 158 4.38 43.8 8.3 17.2 5.19 100 399 318 5.98 59.8 24.3 49.2 5.99
21 320 160 4.40 44.0 8.5 17.6 5.20 101 400 320 6.00 60.0 24.5 49.6 6.00
22 321 162 4.42 44.2 8.7 18.0 5.21 102 401 322 6.02 60.2 24.7 50.0 6.01
23 322 164 4.44 44.4 8.9 18.4 5.22 103 402 324 6.04 60.4 24.9 50.4 6.02
24 323 166 4.46 44.6 9.1 18.8 5.23 104 403 326 6.06 60.6 25.1 50.8 6.03
25 324 168 4.48 44.8 9.3 19.2 5.24 105 404 328 6.08 60.8 25.3 51.2 6.04
26 325 170 4.50 45.0 9.5 19.6 5.25 106 405 330 6.10 61.0 25.5 51.6 6.05
27 326 172 4.52 45.2 9.7 20.0 5.26 107 406 332 6.12 61.2 25.7 52.0 6.06
28 327 174 4.54 45.4 9.9 20.4 5.27 108 407 334 6.14 61.4 25.9 52.4 6.07
29 328 176 4.56 45.6 10.1 20.8 5.28 109 408 336 6.16 61.6 26.1 52.8 6.08
30 329 178 4.58 45.8 10.3 21.2 5.29 110 409 338 6.18 61.8 26.3 53.2 6.09
31 330 180 4.60 46.0 10.5 21.6 5.30 111 410 340 6.20 62.0 26.5 53.6 6.10
32 331 182 4.62 46.2 10.7 22.0 5.31 112 411 342 6.22 62.2 26.7 54.0 6.11
33 332 184 4.64 46.4 10.9 22.4 5.32 113 412 344 6.24 62.4 26.9 54.4 6.12
34 333 186 4.66 46.6 11.1 22.8 5.33 114 413 346 6.26 62.6 27.1 54.8 6.13
35 334 188 4.68 46.8 11.3 23.2 5.34 115 414 348 6.28 62.8 27.3 55.2 6.14
36 335 190 4.70 47.0 11.5 23.6 5.35 116 415 350 6.30 63.0 27.5 55.6 6.15
37 336 192 4.72 47.2 11.7 24.0 5.36 117 416 352 6.32 63.2 27.7 56.0 6.16
38 337 194 4.74 47.4 11.9 24.4 5.37 118 417 354 6.34 63.4 27.9 56.4 6.17
39 338 196 4.76 47.6 12.1 24.8 5.38 119 418 356 6.36 63.6 28.1 56.8 6.18
40 339 198 4.78 47.8 12.3 25.2 5.39 120 419 358 6.38 63.8 28.3 57.2 6.19
41 340 200 4.80 48.0 12.5 25.6 5.40 121 420 360 6.40 64.0 28.5 57.6 6.20
42 341 202 4.82 48.2 12.7 26.0 5.41 122 421 362 6.42 64.2 28.7 58.0 6.21
43 342 204 4.84 48.4 12.9 26.4 5.42 123 422 364 6.44 64.4 28.9 58.4 6.22
44 343 206 4.86 48.6 13.1 26.8 5.43 124 423 366 6.46 64.6 29.1 58.8 6.23
45 344 208 4.88 48.8 13.3 27.2 5.44 125 424 368 6.48 64.8 29.3 59.2 6.24
46 345 210 4.90 49.0 13.5 27.6 5.45 126 425 370 6.50 65.0 29.5 59.6 6.25
47 346 212 4.92 49.2 13.7 28.0 5.46 127 426 372 6.52 65.2 29.7 60.0 6.26
48 347 214 4.94 49.4 13.9 28.4 5.47 128 427 374 6.54 65.4 29.9 60.4 6.27
49 348 216 4.96 49.6 14.1 28.8 5.48 129 428 376 6.56 65.6 30.1 60.8 6.28
50 349 218 4.98 49.8 14.3 29.2 5.49 130 429 378 6.58 65.8 30.3 61.2 6.29
51 350 220 5.00 50.0 14.5 29.6 5.50 131 430 380 6.60 66.0 30.5 61.6 6.30
52 351 222 5.02 50.2 14.7 30.0 5.51 132 431 382 6.62 66.2 30.7 62.0 6.31
53 352 224 5.04 50.4 14.9 30.4 5.52 133 432 384 6.64 66.4 30.9 62.4 6.32
54 353 226 5.06 50.6 15.1 30.8 5.53 134 433 386 6.66 66.6 31.1 62.8 6.33
55 354 228 5.08 50.8 15.3 31.2 5.54 135 434 388 6.68 66.8 31.3 63.2 6.34
56 355 230 5.10 51.0 15.5 31.6 5.55 136 435 390 6.70 67.0 31.5 63.6 6.35
57 356 232 5.12 51.2 15.7 32.0 5.56 137 436 392 6.72 67.2 31.7 64.0 6.36
58 357 234 5.14 51.4 15.9 32.4 5.57 138 437 394 6.74 67.4 31.9 64.4 6.37
59 358 236 5.16 51.6 16.1 32.8 5.58 139 438 396 6.76 67.6 32.1 64.8 6.38
60 359 238 5.18 51.8 16.3 33.2 5.59 140 439 398 6.78 67.8 32.3 65.2 6.39
61 360 240 5.20 52.0 16.5 33.6 5.60 141 440 400 6.80 68.0 32.5 65.6 6.40
62 361 242 5.22 52.2 16.7 34.0 5.61 142 441 402 6.82 68.2 32.7 66.0 6.41
63 362 244 5.24 52.4 16.9 34.4 5.62 143 442 404 6.84 68.4 32.9 66.4 6.42
64 363 246 5.26 52.6 17.1 34.8 5.63 144 443 406 6.86 68.6 33.1 66.8 6.43
65 364 248 5.28 52.8 17.3 35.2 5.64 145 444 408 6.88 68.8 33.3 67.2 6.44
66 365 250 5.30 53.0 17.5 35.6 5.65 146 445 410 6.90 69.0 33.5 67.6 6.45
67 366 252 5.32 53.2 17.7 36.0 5.66 147 446 412 6.92 69.2 33.7 68.0 6.46
68 367 254 5.34 53.4 17.9 36.4 5.67 148 447 414 6.94 69.4 33.9 68.4 6.47
69 368 256 5.36 53.6 18.1 36.8 5.68 149 448 416 6.96 69.6 34.1 68.8 6.48
70 369 258 5.38 53.8 18.3 37.2 5.69 150 449 418 6.98 69.8 34.3 69.2 6.49
71 370 260 5.40 54.0 18.5 37.6 5.70 151 450 420 7.00 70.0 34.5 69.6 6.50
72 371 262 5.42 54.2 18.7 38.0 5.71 152 451 422 7.02 70.2 34.7 70.0 6.51
73 372 264 5.44 54.4 18.9 38.4 5.72 153 452 424 7.04 70.4 34.9 70.4 6.52
74 373 266 5.46 54.6 19.1 38.8 5.73 154 453 426 7.06 70.6 35.1 70.8 6.53
75 374 268 5.48 54.8 19.3 39.2 5.74 155 454 428 7.08 70.8 35.3 71.2 6.54
76 375 270 5.50 55.0 19.5 39.6 5.75 156 455 430 7.10 71.0 35.5 71.6 6.55
77 376 272 5.52 55.2 19.7 40.0 5.76 157 456 432 7.12 71.2 35.7 72.0 6.56
78 377 274 5.54 55.4 19.9 40.4 5.77 158 457 434 7.14 71.4 35.9 72.4 6.57
79 378 276 5.56 55.6 20.1 40.8 5.78 159 458 436 7.16 71.6 36.1 72.8 6.58
80 379 278 5.58 55.8 20.3 41.2 5.79 160 459 438 7.18 71.8 36.3 73.2 6.59

2
Problem Set 8 Unsymmetrical Bending

8.1 A W-section is to be used as an intermediate purlin for a heavy roof on a roof angle θ with respect to the horizontal.
It is subjected to a dead load (including beam weight) of DL kN/m and live load of LL kN/m. The purlin span is L m
and there are no sag rods. Investigate the adequacy of the trial section for a) bending assuming Fy = 250 MPa and b)
deflection if the allowable deflection due to live load is L/180. The top and bottom flanges are laterally supported only
at the ends.

8.2 Rework Problem 8.1, consider an uplift wind load WL kN/m acting normal to the roof surface and that sag rods
are provided at midspan. Investigate 0.75(DL+LL+WL) and 0.75(DL+WL) load combinations. (Note: For loading in
the normal direction the purlin will have a simple span but for loading in the tangential direction the purlin will
behave as 2 continuous spans due to the support provided by the sag rod at midspan).

8.3 The Z-section shown is used as a side girt having a simple span L m long and carries a dead load (including self-
weight) of D N/m and a horizontal wind load of W N/m. Compute the maximum flexural stresses by using Mohr’s
circle and check by using Equations 6.4c and 6.4d.

1
 Problem 8.1 and 8.2 Problem 8.3
Student d DL LL L θ WL d L D W
Number mm kN/m kN/m m deg kN/m mm m N/m N/m
1 150 1.20 0.75 6.00 10.00 3.60 175 4.50 900 1200
2 151 1.22 0.77 6.02 10.02 3.65 176 4.51 910 1210
3 152 1.24 0.79 6.04 10.04 3.70 177 4.52 920 1220
4 153 1.26 0.81 6.06 10.06 3.75 178 4.53 930 1230
5 154 1.28 0.83 6.08 10.08 3.80 179 4.54 940 1240
6 155 1.30 0.85 6.10 10.10 3.85 180 4.55 950 1250
7 156 1.32 0.87 6.12 10.12 3.90 181 4.56 960 1260
8 157 1.34 0.89 6.14 10.14 3.95 182 4.57 970 1270
9 158 1.36 0.91 6.16 10.16 4.00 183 4.58 980 1280
10 159 1.38 0.93 6.18 10.18 4.05 184 4.59 990 1290
11 160 1.40 0.95 6.20 10.20 4.10 185 4.60 1000 1300
12 161 1.42 0.97 6.22 10.22 4.15 186 4.61 1010 1310
13 162 1.44 0.99 6.24 10.24 4.20 187 4.62 1020 1320
14 163 1.46 1.01 6.26 10.26 4.25 188 4.63 1030 1330
15 164 1.48 1.03 6.28 10.28 4.30 189 4.64 1040 1340
16 165 1.50 1.05 6.30 10.30 4.35 190 4.65 1050 1350
17 166 1.52 1.07 6.32 10.32 4.40 191 4.66 1060 1360
18 167 1.54 1.09 6.34 10.34 4.45 192 4.67 1070 1370
19 168 1.56 1.11 6.36 10.36 4.50 193 4.68 1080 1380
20 169 1.58 1.13 6.38 10.38 4.55 194 4.69 1090 1390
21 170 1.60 1.15 6.40 10.40 4.60 195 4.70 1100 1400
22 171 1.62 1.17 6.42 10.42 4.65 196 4.71 1110 1410
23 172 1.64 1.19 6.44 10.44 4.70 197 4.72 1120 1420
24 173 1.66 1.21 6.46 10.46 4.75 198 4.73 1130 1430
25 174 1.68 1.23 6.48 10.48 4.80 199 4.74 1140 1440
26 175 1.70 1.25 6.50 10.50 4.85 200 4.75 1150 1450
27 176 1.72 1.27 6.52 10.52 4.90 201 4.76 1160 1460
28 177 1.74 1.29 6.54 10.54 4.95 202 4.77 1170 1470
29 178 1.76 1.31 6.56 10.56 5.00 203 4.78 1180 1480
30 179 1.78 1.33 6.58 10.58 5.05 204 4.79 1190 1490
31 180 1.80 1.35 6.60 10.60 5.10 205 4.80 1200 1500
32 181 1.82 1.37 6.62 10.62 5.15 206 4.81 1210 1510
33 182 1.84 1.39 6.64 10.64 5.20 207 4.82 1220 1520
34 183 1.86 1.41 6.66 10.66 5.25 208 4.83 1230 1530
35 184 1.88 1.43 6.68 10.68 5.30 209 4.84 1240 1540
36 185 1.90 1.45 6.70 10.70 5.35 210 4.85 1250 1550
37 186 1.92 1.47 6.72 10.72 5.40 211 4.86 1260 1560
38 187 1.94 1.49 6.74 10.74 5.45 212 4.87 1270 1570
39 188 1.96 1.51 6.76 10.76 5.50 213 4.88 1280 1580
40 189 1.98 1.53 6.78 10.78 5.55 214 4.89 1290 1590
41 190 2.00 1.55 6.80 10.80 5.60 215 4.90 1300 1600
42 191 2.02 1.57 6.82 10.82 5.65 216 4.91 1310 1610
43 192 2.04 1.59 6.84 10.84 5.70 217 4.92 1320 1620
44 193 2.06 1.61 6.86 10.86 5.75 218 4.93 1330 1630
45 194 2.08 1.63 6.88 10.88 5.80 219 4.94 1340 1640
46 195 2.10 1.65 6.90 10.90 5.85 220 4.95 1350 1650
47 196 2.12 1.67 6.92 10.92 5.90 221 4.96 1360 1660
48 197 2.14 1.69 6.94 10.94 5.95 222 4.97 1370 1670
49 198 2.16 1.71 6.96 10.96 6.00 223 4.98 1380 1680
50 199 2.18 1.73 6.98 10.98 6.05 224 4.99 1390 1690
51 200 2.20 1.75 7.00 11.00 6.10 225 5.00 1400 1700
52 201 2.22 1.77 7.02 11.02 6.15 226 5.01 1410 1710
53 202 2.24 1.79 7.04 11.04 6.20 227 5.02 1420 1720
54 203 2.26 1.81 7.06 11.06 6.25 228 5.03 1430 1730
55 204 2.28 1.83 7.08 11.08 6.30 229 5.04 1440 1740
56 205 2.30 1.85 7.10 11.10 6.35 230 5.05 1450 1750
57 206 2.32 1.87 7.12 11.12 6.40 231 5.06 1460 1760
58 207 2.34 1.89 7.14 11.14 6.45 232 5.07 1470 1770
59 208 2.36 1.91 7.16 11.16 6.50 233 5.08 1480 1780
60 209 2.38 1.93 7.18 11.18 6.55 234 5.09 1490 1790
61 210 2.40 1.95 7.20 11.20 6.60 235 5.10 1500 1800
62 211 2.42 1.97 7.22 11.22 6.65 236 5.11 1510 1810
63 212 2.44 1.99 7.24 11.24 6.70 237 5.12 1520 1820
64 213 2.46 2.01 7.26 11.26 6.75 238 5.13 1530 1830
65 214 2.48 2.03 7.28 11.28 6.80 239 5.14 1540 1840
66 215 2.50 2.05 7.30 11.30 6.85 240 5.15 1550 1850
67 216 2.52 2.07 7.32 11.32 6.90 241 5.16 1560 1860
68 217 2.54 2.09 7.34 11.34 6.95 242 5.17 1570 1870
69 218 2.56 2.11 7.36 11.36 7.00 243 5.18 1580 1880
70 219 2.58 2.13 7.38 11.38 7.05 244 5.19 1590 1890
71 220 2.60 2.15 7.40 11.40 7.10 245 5.20 1600 1900
72 221 2.62 2.17 7.42 11.42 7.15 246 5.21 1610 1910
73 222 2.64 2.19 7.44 11.44 7.20 247 5.22 1620 1920
74 223 2.66 2.21 7.46 11.46 7.25 248 5.23 1630 1930
75 224 2.68 2.23 7.48 11.48 7.30 249 5.24 1640 1940
76 225 2.70 2.25 7.50 11.50 7.35 250 5.25 1650 1950
77 226 2.72 2.27 7.52 11.52 7.40 251 5.26 1660 1960
78 227 2.74 2.29 7.54 11.54 7.45 252 5.27 1670 1970
79 228 2.76 2.31 7.56 11.56 7.50 253 5.28 1680 1980
80 229 2.78 2.33 7.58 11.58 7.55 254 5.29 1690 1990

2
 Problem 8.1 and 8.2 Problem 8.3
Student d DL LL L θ WL d L D W
Number mm kN/m kN/m m deg kN/m mm m N/m N/m
81 230 2.80 2.35 7.60 11.60 7.60 255 5.30 1700 2000
82 231 2.82 2.37 7.62 11.62 7.65 256 5.31 1710 2010
83 232 2.84 2.39 7.64 11.64 7.70 257 5.32 1720 2020
84 233 2.86 2.41 7.66 11.66 7.75 258 5.33 1730 2030
85 234 2.88 2.43 7.68 11.68 7.80 259 5.34 1740 2040
86 235 2.90 2.45 7.70 11.70 7.85 260 5.35 1750 2050
87 236 2.92 2.47 7.72 11.72 7.90 261 5.36 1760 2060
88 237 2.94 2.49 7.74 11.74 7.95 262 5.37 1770 2070
89 238 2.96 2.51 7.76 11.76 8.00 263 5.38 1780 2080
90 239 2.98 2.53 7.78 11.78 8.05 264 5.39 1790 2090
91 240 3.00 2.55 7.80 11.80 8.10 265 5.40 1800 2100
92 241 3.02 2.57 7.82 11.82 8.15 266 5.41 1810 2110
93 242 3.04 2.59 7.84 11.84 8.20 267 5.42 1820 2120
94 243 3.06 2.61 7.86 11.86 8.25 268 5.43 1830 2130
95 244 3.08 2.63 7.88 11.88 8.30 269 5.44 1840 2140
96 245 3.10 2.65 7.90 11.90 8.35 270 5.45 1850 2150
97 246 3.12 2.67 7.92 11.92 8.40 271 5.46 1860 2160
98 247 3.14 2.69 7.94 11.94 8.45 272 5.47 1870 2170
99 248 3.16 2.71 7.96 11.96 8.50 273 5.48 1880 2180
100 249 3.18 2.73 7.98 11.98 8.55 274 5.49 1890 2190
101 250 3.20 2.75 8.00 12.00 8.60 275 5.50 1900 2200
102 251 3.22 2.77 8.02 12.02 8.65 276 5.51 1910 2210
103 252 3.24 2.79 8.04 12.04 8.70 277 5.52 1920 2220
104 253 3.26 2.81 8.06 12.06 8.75 278 5.53 1930 2230
105 254 3.28 2.83 8.08 12.08 8.80 279 5.54 1940 2240
106 255 3.30 2.85 8.10 12.10 8.85 280 5.55 1950 2250
107 256 3.32 2.87 8.12 12.12 8.90 281 5.56 1960 2260
108 257 3.34 2.89 8.14 12.14 8.95 282 5.57 1970 2270
109 258 3.36 2.91 8.16 12.16 9.00 283 5.58 1980 2280
110 259 3.38 2.93 8.18 12.18 9.05 284 5.59 1990 2290
111 260 3.40 2.95 8.20 12.20 9.10 285 5.60 2000 2300
112 261 3.42 2.97 8.22 12.22 9.15 286 5.61 2010 2310
113 262 3.44 2.99 8.24 12.24 9.20 287 5.62 2020 2320
114 263 3.46 3.01 8.26 12.26 9.25 288 5.63 2030 2330
115 264 3.48 3.03 8.28 12.28 9.30 289 5.64 2040 2340
116 265 3.50 3.05 8.30 12.30 9.35 290 5.65 2050 2350
117 266 3.52 3.07 8.32 12.32 9.40 291 5.66 2060 2360
118 267 3.54 3.09 8.34 12.34 9.45 292 5.67 2070 2370
119 268 3.56 3.11 8.36 12.36 9.50 293 5.68 2080 2380
120 269 3.58 3.13 8.38 12.38 9.55 294 5.69 2090 2390
121 270 3.60 3.15 8.40 12.40 9.60 295 5.70 2100 2400
122 271 3.62 3.17 8.42 12.42 9.65 296 5.71 2110 2410
123 272 3.64 3.19 8.44 12.44 9.70 297 5.72 2120 2420
124 273 3.66 3.21 8.46 12.46 9.75 298 5.73 2130 2430
125 274 3.68 3.23 8.48 12.48 9.80 299 5.74 2140 2440
126 275 3.70 3.25 8.50 12.50 9.85 300 5.75 2150 2450
127 276 3.72 3.27 8.52 12.52 9.90 301 5.76 2160 2460
128 277 3.74 3.29 8.54 12.54 9.95 302 5.77 2170 2470
129 278 3.76 3.31 8.56 12.56 10.00 303 5.78 2180 2480
130 279 3.78 3.33 8.58 12.58 10.05 304 5.79 2190 2490
131 280 3.80 3.35 8.60 12.60 10.10 305 5.80 2200 2500
132 281 3.82 3.37 8.62 12.62 10.15 306 5.81 2210 2510
133 282 3.84 3.39 8.64 12.64 10.20 307 5.82 2220 2520
134 283 3.86 3.41 8.66 12.66 10.25 308 5.83 2230 2530
135 284 3.88 3.43 8.68 12.68 10.30 309 5.84 2240 2540
136 285 3.90 3.45 8.70 12.70 10.35 310 5.85 2250 2550
137 286 3.92 3.47 8.72 12.72 10.40 311 5.86 2260 2560
138 287 3.94 3.49 8.74 12.74 10.45 312 5.87 2270 2570
139 288 3.96 3.51 8.76 12.76 10.50 313 5.88 2280 2580
140 289 3.98 3.53 8.78 12.78 10.55 314 5.89 2290 2590
141 290 4.00 3.55 8.80 12.80 10.60 315 5.90 2300 2600
142 291 4.02 3.57 8.82 12.82 10.65 316 5.91 2310 2610
143 292 4.04 3.59 8.84 12.84 10.70 317 5.92 2320 2620
144 293 4.06 3.61 8.86 12.86 10.75 318 5.93 2330 2630
145 294 4.08 3.63 8.88 12.88 10.80 319 5.94 2340 2640
146 295 4.10 3.65 8.90 12.90 10.85 320 5.95 2350 2650
147 296 4.12 3.67 8.92 12.92 10.90 321 5.96 2360 2660
148 297 4.14 3.69 8.94 12.94 10.95 322 5.97 2370 2670
149 298 4.16 3.71 8.96 12.96 11.00 323 5.98 2380 2680
150 299 4.18 3.73 8.98 12.98 11.05 324 5.99 2390 2690
151 300 4.20 3.75 9.00 13.00 11.10 325 6.00 2400 2700
152 301 4.22 3.77 9.02 13.02 11.15 326 6.01 2410 2710
153 302 4.24 3.79 9.04 13.04 11.20 327 6.02 2420 2720
154 303 4.26 3.81 9.06 13.06 11.25 328 6.03 2430 2730
155 304 4.28 3.83 9.08 13.08 11.30 329 6.04 2440 2740
156 305 4.30 3.85 9.10 13.10 11.35 330 6.05 2450 2750
157 306 4.32 3.87 9.12 13.12 11.40 331 6.06 2460 2760
158 307 4.34 3.89 9.14 13.14 11.45 332 6.07 2470 2770
159 308 4.36 3.91 9.16 13.16 11.50 333 6.08 2480 2780
160 309 4.38 3.93 9.18 13.18 11.55 334 6.09 2490 2790

3
Problem Set 9 Beam Bearing Plates, Cover Plates, Lacing

In the following problems, round-up plate thickness to 2 mm and plate dimensions to 10 mm.

9.1 A W-section is to be supported at the right end by a 250 mm thick wall (fc’ = 21 MPa). The beam is to carry the
uniformly distributed load of w kN/m (including beam weight) and a concentrated load P kN from a planted column.
Determine the maximum value of P which the beam can carry based on bending and shear requirements and design
the bearing plate for the beam. Lateral support is provided only at the ends. Use Fy = 248 MPa and k = 35 mm. The
length of bearing plate should be at least 100 mm wider than the beam flange to allow for anchor bolts.

9.2 The given W-section is to be used to carry a concentrated load P kN at midspan. Design the beam cover plates at
the top and bottom to reinforce the beam in flexure. The beam is laterally supported only at the ends. The cover plate
is to be 32 mm narrower than the beam flange. Neglect beam weight. Use Fy = 248 MPa.

9.3 Four angle sections are to be laced together to form a square built-up section. Determine the compressive axial
load capacity of the built-up section and based on this value design double lacing bars and end tie plates. The bolts at
placed at least 50 mm from the edge of the main angle. Use Fy = 248 MPa and A325 bolts. The built-up section has an
unsupported length of 6.00 m and is fixed at the base and free at the top.

1
 Problem 9.1 Problem 9.2 Problem 9.3 Problem 9.1 Problem 9.2 Problem 9.3
Student d w L d P L x Student d w L d P L x
Angle section Angle section
Number mm kN/m m mm kN m mm Number mm kN/m m mm kN m mm
1 300 10.0 4.00 250 120 5.00 450 L75x75x5 81 460 18.0 4.80 330 200 5.80 610 L125x125x16
2 302 10.1 4.01 251 121 5.01 452 L75x75x6 82 462 18.1 4.81 331 201 5.81 612 L125x125x18
3 304 10.2 4.02 252 122 5.02 454 L75x75x8 83 464 18.2 4.82 332 202 5.82 614 L125x125x22
4 306 10.3 4.03 253 123 5.03 456 L75x75x10 84 466 18.3 4.83 333 203 5.83 616 L150x150x8
5 308 10.4 4.04 254 124 5.04 458 L75x75x13 85 468 18.4 4.84 334 204 5.84 618 L150x150x10
6 310 10.5 4.05 255 125 5.05 460 L100x100x6 86 470 18.5 4.85 335 205 5.85 620 L150x150x13
7 312 10.6 4.06 256 126 5.06 462 L100x100x8 87 472 18.6 4.86 336 206 5.86 622 L150x150x14
8 314 10.7 4.07 257 127 5.07 464 L100x100x10 88 474 18.7 4.87 337 207 5.87 624 L150x150x16
9 316 10.8 4.08 258 128 5.08 466 L100x100x13 89 476 18.8 4.88 338 208 5.88 626 L150x150x18
10 318 10.9 4.09 259 129 5.09 468 L100x100x16 90 478 18.9 4.89 339 209 5.89 628 L150x150x20
11 320 11.0 4.10 260 130 5.10 470 L100x100x18 91 480 19.0 4.90 340 210 5.90 630 L150x150x22
12 322 11.1 4.11 261 131 5.11 472 L125x125x8 92 482 19.1 4.91 341 211 5.91 632 L200x200x10
13 324 11.2 4.12 262 132 5.12 474 L125x125x10 93 484 19.2 4.92 342 212 5.92 634 L200x200x13
14 326 11.3 4.13 263 133 5.13 476 L125x125x13 94 486 19.3 4.93 343 213 5.93 636 L200x200x16
15 328 11.4 4.14 264 134 5.14 478 L125x125x16 95 488 19.4 4.94 344 214 5.94 638 L200x200x18
16 330 11.5 4.15 265 135 5.15 480 L125x125x18 96 490 19.5 4.95 345 215 5.95 640 L200x200x20
17 332 11.6 4.16 266 136 5.16 482 L125x125x22 97 492 19.6 4.96 346 216 5.96 642 L200x200x22
18 334 11.7 4.17 267 137 5.17 484 L150x150x8 98 494 19.7 4.97 347 217 5.97 644 L200x200x25
19 336 11.8 4.18 268 138 5.18 486 L150x150x10 99 496 19.8 4.98 348 218 5.98 646 L200x200x30
20 338 11.9 4.19 269 139 5.19 488 L150x150x13 100 498 19.9 4.99 349 219 5.99 648 L75x75x5
21 340 12.0 4.20 270 140 5.20 490 L150x150x14 101 500 20.0 5.00 350 220 6.00 650 L75x75x6
22 342 12.1 4.21 271 141 5.21 492 L150x150x16 102 502 20.1 5.01 351 221 6.01 652 L75x75x8
23 344 12.2 4.22 272 142 5.22 494 L150x150x18 103 504 20.2 5.02 352 222 6.02 654 L75x75x10
24 346 12.3 4.23 273 143 5.23 496 L150x150x20 104 506 20.3 5.03 353 223 6.03 656 L75x75x13
25 348 12.4 4.24 274 144 5.24 498 L150x150x22 105 508 20.4 5.04 354 224 6.04 658 L100x100x6
26 350 12.5 4.25 275 145 5.25 500 L200x200x10 106 510 20.5 5.05 355 225 6.05 660 L100x100x8
27 352 12.6 4.26 276 146 5.26 502 L200x200x13 107 512 20.6 5.06 356 226 6.06 662 L100x100x10
28 354 12.7 4.27 277 147 5.27 504 L200x200x16 108 514 20.7 5.07 357 227 6.07 664 L100x100x13
29 356 12.8 4.28 278 148 5.28 506 L200x200x18 109 516 20.8 5.08 358 228 6.08 666 L100x100x16
30 358 12.9 4.29 279 149 5.29 508 L200x200x20 110 518 20.9 5.09 359 229 6.09 668 L100x100x18
31 360 13.0 4.30 280 150 5.30 510 L200x200x22 111 520 21.0 5.10 360 230 6.10 670 L125x125x8
32 362 13.1 4.31 281 151 5.31 512 L200x200x25 112 522 21.1 5.11 361 231 6.11 672 L125x125x10
33 364 13.2 4.32 282 152 5.32 514 L200x200x30 113 524 21.2 5.12 362 232 6.12 674 L125x125x13
34 366 13.3 4.33 283 153 5.33 516 L75x75x5 114 526 21.3 5.13 363 233 6.13 676 L125x125x16
35 368 13.4 4.34 284 154 5.34 518 L75x75x6 115 528 21.4 5.14 364 234 6.14 678 L125x125x18
36 370 13.5 4.35 285 155 5.35 520 L75x75x8 116 530 21.5 5.15 365 235 6.15 680 L125x125x22
37 372 13.6 4.36 286 156 5.36 522 L75x75x10 117 532 21.6 5.16 366 236 6.16 682 L150x150x8
38 374 13.7 4.37 287 157 5.37 524 L75x75x13 118 534 21.7 5.17 367 237 6.17 684 L150x150x10
39 376 13.8 4.38 288 158 5.38 526 L100x100x6 119 536 21.8 5.18 368 238 6.18 686 L150x150x13
40 378 13.9 4.39 289 159 5.39 528 L100x100x8 120 538 21.9 5.19 369 239 6.19 688 L150x150x14
41 380 14.0 4.40 290 160 5.40 530 L100x100x10 121 540 22.0 5.20 370 240 6.20 690 L150x150x16
42 382 14.1 4.41 291 161 5.41 532 L100x100x13 122 542 22.1 5.21 371 241 6.21 692 L150x150x18
43 384 14.2 4.42 292 162 5.42 534 L100x100x16 123 544 22.2 5.22 372 242 6.22 694 L150x150x20
44 386 14.3 4.43 293 163 5.43 536 L100x100x18 124 546 22.3 5.23 373 243 6.23 696 L150x150x22
45 388 14.4 4.44 294 164 5.44 538 L125x125x8 125 548 22.4 5.24 374 244 6.24 698 L200x200x10
46 390 14.5 4.45 295 165 5.45 540 L125x125x10 126 550 22.5 5.25 375 245 6.25 700 L200x200x13
47 392 14.6 4.46 296 166 5.46 542 L125x125x13 127 552 22.6 5.26 376 246 6.26 702 L200x200x16
48 394 14.7 4.47 297 167 5.47 544 L125x125x16 128 554 22.7 5.27 377 247 6.27 704 L200x200x18
49 396 14.8 4.48 298 168 5.48 546 L125x125x18 129 556 22.8 5.28 378 248 6.28 706 L200x200x20
50 398 14.9 4.49 299 169 5.49 548 L125x125x22 130 558 22.9 5.29 379 249 6.29 708 L200x200x22
51 400 15.0 4.50 300 170 5.50 550 L150x150x8 131 560 23.0 5.30 380 250 6.30 710 L200x200x25
52 402 15.1 4.51 301 171 5.51 552 L150x150x10 132 562 23.1 5.31 381 251 6.31 712 L200x200x30
53 404 15.2 4.52 302 172 5.52 554 L150x150x13 133 564 23.2 5.32 382 252 6.32 714 L75x75x5
54 406 15.3 4.53 303 173 5.53 556 L150x150x14 134 566 23.3 5.33 383 253 6.33 716 L75x75x6
55 408 15.4 4.54 304 174 5.54 558 L150x150x16 135 568 23.4 5.34 384 254 6.34 718 L75x75x8
56 410 15.5 4.55 305 175 5.55 560 L150x150x18 136 570 23.5 5.35 385 255 6.35 720 L75x75x10
57 412 15.6 4.56 306 176 5.56 562 L150x150x20 137 572 23.6 5.36 386 256 6.36 722 L75x75x13
58 414 15.7 4.57 307 177 5.57 564 L150x150x22 138 574 23.7 5.37 387 257 6.37 724 L100x100x6
59 416 15.8 4.58 308 178 5.58 566 L200x200x10 139 576 23.8 5.38 388 258 6.38 726 L100x100x8
60 418 15.9 4.59 309 179 5.59 568 L200x200x13 140 578 23.9 5.39 389 259 6.39 728 L100x100x10
61 420 16.0 4.60 310 180 5.60 570 L200x200x16 141 580 24.0 5.40 390 260 6.40 730 L100x100x13
62 422 16.1 4.61 311 181 5.61 572 L200x200x18 142 582 24.1 5.41 391 261 6.41 732 L100x100x16
63 424 16.2 4.62 312 182 5.62 574 L200x200x20 143 584 24.2 5.42 392 262 6.42 734 L100x100x18
64 426 16.3 4.63 313 183 5.63 576 L200x200x22 144 586 24.3 5.43 393 263 6.43 736 L125x125x8
65 428 16.4 4.64 314 184 5.64 578 L200x200x25 145 588 24.4 5.44 394 264 6.44 738 L125x125x10
66 430 16.5 4.65 315 185 5.65 580 L200x200x30 146 590 24.5 5.45 395 265 6.45 740 L125x125x13
67 432 16.6 4.66 316 186 5.66 582 L75x75x5 147 592 24.6 5.46 396 266 6.46 742 L125x125x16
68 434 16.7 4.67 317 187 5.67 584 L75x75x6 148 594 24.7 5.47 397 267 6.47 744 L125x125x18
69 436 16.8 4.68 318 188 5.68 586 L75x75x8 149 596 24.8 5.48 398 268 6.48 746 L125x125x22
70 438 16.9 4.69 319 189 5.69 588 L75x75x10 150 598 24.9 5.49 399 269 6.49 748 L150x150x8
71 440 17.0 4.70 320 190 5.70 590 L75x75x13 151 600 25.0 5.50 400 270 6.50 750 L150x150x10
72 442 17.1 4.71 321 191 5.71 592 L100x100x6 152 602 25.1 5.51 401 271 6.51 752 L150x150x13
73 444 17.2 4.72 322 192 5.72 594 L100x100x8 153 604 25.2 5.52 402 272 6.52 754 L150x150x14
74 446 17.3 4.73 323 193 5.73 596 L100x100x10 154 606 25.3 5.53 403 273 6.53 756 L150x150x16
75 448 17.4 4.74 324 194 5.74 598 L100x100x13 155 608 25.4 5.54 404 274 6.54 758 L150x150x18
76 450 17.5 4.75 325 195 5.75 600 L100x100x16 156 610 25.5 5.55 405 275 6.55 760 L150x150x20
77 452 17.6 4.76 326 196 5.76 602 L100x100x18 157 612 25.6 5.56 406 276 6.56 762 L150x150x22
78 454 17.7 4.77 327 197 5.77 604 L125x125x8 158 614 25.7 5.57 407 277 6.57 764 L200x200x10
79 456 17.8 4.78 328 198 5.78 606 L125x125x10 159 616 25.8 5.58 408 278 6.58 766 L200x200x13
80 458 17.9 4.79 329 199 5.79 608 L125x125x13 160 618 25.9 5.59 409 279 6.59 768 L200x200x16

2
Problem Set 10 Composite Beams

10.1 Determine the stresses for the composite beam B1 section shown if a) no shoring is provided and b) shoring is
provided. Assume the beam is simply supported and adequate shear connectors are provided and the following data:

B1

Live load = LL kPa

B1 Topping = 1.20 kPa
x Partition = 0.60 kPa d = (see data)
B2 B2 Slab thickness = 100 mm
B1 bf = 0.40d
Concrete: fc’ = 28 MPa
tf = 0.08bf
Steel: Fy = 248 MPa
tw = 0.04bf
B1 ϒc = 23.6 kN/m3

Lm

10.2 Design the steel section and 20 mm ϕ by 75 mm stud shear connectors for beam B1 for the span and loading given
in Problem 10.1. No shoring is to be used. Hint: Initially proportion the beam using an allowable bending stress of
0.75Fy assuming the steel section alone is to resist the total load and then investigate the trial size. Perform iteration
until the demand-to-capacity ratio is within 0.95 to 1.00. Use beam proportion specified in Problem 10.1. Draw details
of composite beam.

10.3 The exterior beam B2 is fully encased as shown. Design the beam assuming the ends are fully restrained. Review
the beam for longitudinal shear at midspan and at the supports if shoring is provided. The concrete cover is 50 mm all
around. The exterior masonry wall is 1.50 m high and 0.15 m thick plastered on each side. Hint: In proportioning the
beam use the method suggested in Problem 10.2 using 0.75Fy.

1
Student d L x LL Student d L x LL
Number mm m m kPa Number mm m m kPa
1 400 7.50 6.00 4.80 81 480 9.10 7.60 5.60
2 401 7.52 6.02 4.81 82 481 9.12 7.62 5.61
3 402 7.54 6.04 4.82 83 482 9.14 7.64 5.62
4 403 7.56 6.06 4.83 84 483 9.16 7.66 5.63
5 404 7.58 6.08 4.84 85 484 9.18 7.68 5.64
6 405 7.60 6.10 4.85 86 485 9.20 7.70 5.65
7 406 7.62 6.12 4.86 87 486 9.22 7.72 5.66
8 407 7.64 6.14 4.87 88 487 9.24 7.74 5.67
9 408 7.66 6.16 4.88 89 488 9.26 7.76 5.68
10 409 7.68 6.18 4.89 90 489 9.28 7.78 5.69
11 410 7.70 6.20 4.90 91 490 9.30 7.80 5.70
12 411 7.72 6.22 4.91 92 491 9.32 7.82 5.71
13 412 7.74 6.24 4.92 93 492 9.34 7.84 5.72
14 413 7.76 6.26 4.93 94 493 9.36 7.86 5.73
15 414 7.78 6.28 4.94 95 494 9.38 7.88 5.74
16 415 7.80 6.30 4.95 96 495 9.40 7.90 5.75
17 416 7.82 6.32 4.96 97 496 9.42 7.92 5.76
18 417 7.84 6.34 4.97 98 497 9.44 7.94 5.77
19 418 7.86 6.36 4.98 99 498 9.46 7.96 5.78
20 419 7.88 6.38 4.99 100 499 9.48 7.98 5.79
21 420 7.90 6.40 5.00 101 500 9.50 8.00 5.80
22 421 7.92 6.42 5.01 102 501 9.52 8.02 5.81
23 422 7.94 6.44 5.02 103 502 9.54 8.04 5.82
24 423 7.96 6.46 5.03 104 503 9.56 8.06 5.83
25 424 7.98 6.48 5.04 105 504 9.58 8.08 5.84
26 425 8.00 6.50 5.05 106 505 9.60 8.10 5.85
27 426 8.02 6.52 5.06 107 506 9.62 8.12 5.86
28 427 8.04 6.54 5.07 108 507 9.64 8.14 5.87
29 428 8.06 6.56 5.08 109 508 9.66 8.16 5.88
30 429 8.08 6.58 5.09 110 509 9.68 8.18 5.89
31 430 8.10 6.60 5.10 111 510 9.70 8.20 5.90
32 431 8.12 6.62 5.11 112 511 9.72 8.22 5.91
33 432 8.14 6.64 5.12 113 512 9.74 8.24 5.92
34 433 8.16 6.66 5.13 114 513 9.76 8.26 5.93
35 434 8.18 6.68 5.14 115 514 9.78 8.28 5.94
36 435 8.20 6.70 5.15 116 515 9.80 8.30 5.95
37 436 8.22 6.72 5.16 117 516 9.82 8.32 5.96
38 437 8.24 6.74 5.17 118 517 9.84 8.34 5.97
39 438 8.26 6.76 5.18 119 518 9.86 8.36 5.98
40 439 8.28 6.78 5.19 120 519 9.88 8.38 5.99
41 440 8.30 6.80 5.20 121 520 9.90 8.40 6.00
42 441 8.32 6.82 5.21 122 521 9.92 8.42 6.01
43 442 8.34 6.84 5.22 123 522 9.94 8.44 6.02
44 443 8.36 6.86 5.23 124 523 9.96 8.46 6.03
45 444 8.38 6.88 5.24 125 524 9.98 8.48 6.04
46 445 8.40 6.90 5.25 126 525 10.00 8.50 6.05
47 446 8.42 6.92 5.26 127 526 10.02 8.52 6.06
48 447 8.44 6.94 5.27 128 527 10.04 8.54 6.07
49 448 8.46 6.96 5.28 129 528 10.06 8.56 6.08
50 449 8.48 6.98 5.29 130 529 10.08 8.58 6.09
51 450 8.50 7.00 5.30 131 530 10.10 8.60 6.10
52 451 8.52 7.02 5.31 132 531 10.12 8.62 6.11
53 452 8.54 7.04 5.32 133 532 10.14 8.64 6.12
54 453 8.56 7.06 5.33 134 533 10.16 8.66 6.13
55 454 8.58 7.08 5.34 135 534 10.18 8.68 6.14
56 455 8.60 7.10 5.35 136 535 10.20 8.70 6.15
57 456 8.62 7.12 5.36 137 536 10.22 8.72 6.16
58 457 8.64 7.14 5.37 138 537 10.24 8.74 6.17
59 458 8.66 7.16 5.38 139 538 10.26 8.76 6.18
60 459 8.68 7.18 5.39 140 539 10.28 8.78 6.19
61 460 8.70 7.20 5.40 141 540 10.30 8.80 6.20
62 461 8.72 7.22 5.41 142 541 10.32 8.82 6.21
63 462 8.74 7.24 5.42 143 542 10.34 8.84 6.22
64 463 8.76 7.26 5.43 144 543 10.36 8.86 6.23
65 464 8.78 7.28 5.44 145 544 10.38 8.88 6.24
66 465 8.80 7.30 5.45 146 545 10.40 8.90 6.25
67 466 8.82 7.32 5.46 147 546 10.42 8.92 6.26
68 467 8.84 7.34 5.47 148 547 10.44 8.94 6.27
69 468 8.86 7.36 5.48 149 548 10.46 8.96 6.28
70 469 8.88 7.38 5.49 150 549 10.48 8.98 6.29
71 470 8.90 7.40 5.50 151 550 10.50 9.00 6.30
72 471 8.92 7.42 5.51 152 551 10.52 9.02 6.31
73 472 8.94 7.44 5.52 153 552 10.54 9.04 6.32
74 473 8.96 7.46 5.53 154 553 10.56 9.06 6.33
75 474 8.98 7.48 5.54 155 554 10.58 9.08 6.34
76 475 9.00 7.50 5.55 156 555 10.60 9.10 6.35
77 476 9.02 7.52 5.56 157 556 10.62 9.12 6.36
78 477 9.04 7.54 5.57 158 557 10.64 9.14 6.37
79 478 9.06 7.56 5.58 159 558 10.66 9.16 6.38
80 479 9.08 7.58 5.59 160 559 10.68 9.18 6.39

2
Problem Set 11 Bolted Connections

In the following problems, use Fy = 248 MPa, Fu = 400 MPa and A325 bolts with threads not excluded from shear planes
and standard size holes.

11.1 The knee brace of a building bent shown is connected to the column with 25 mm ϕ bolts in a bearing type connection.
Investigate the adequacy of the connections: a) between the angle and the bracket for shear, bearing, shear tear-out
failure in the angle and plate, and tension in the angle; and b) between the bracket and the column flange for combined
shear and tension, bearing, and bending of the bracket flange plate taking into account prying action.

11.2 A pedestrian overpass is made of 0.10 m thick concrete slab supported by two beams as shown. The deck live
load is LL kPa. The beam has a simple span L m and a splice will be made at 0.25L from the left support. Design the
beam for flexure and investigate the adequacy of the splice detail shown in figure. Assume that the web splice transmits
shear and the flange splice transmit moment. Bolts are 25 mm diameter. Splice plate thickness are to be 4 mm less than
the connected parts. Lateral support for the compression flange is provided only at the ends and at midspan and no
shear connectors are used.

1
 Problem 11.1 Problem 11.2 Problem 11.1 Problem 11.2
Student L w1 bf Size L x LL Student L w1 bf Size L x LL
Number m kN/m mm Double angle m m kPa Number m kN/m mm Double angle m m kPa
1 9.00 8.00 150 L90x90x10 10.00 4.50 6.00 81 12.20 9.60 230 L100x100x16 13.20 3.70 5.20
2 9.04 8.02 151 L90x90x10 10.04 4.49 5.99 82 12.24 9.62 231 L100x100x16 13.24 3.69 5.19
3 9.08 8.04 152 L90x90x10 10.08 4.48 5.98 83 12.28 9.64 232 L100x100x16 13.28 3.68 5.18
4 9.12 8.06 153 L90x90x10 10.12 4.47 5.97 84 12.32 9.66 233 L100x100x16 13.32 3.67 5.17
5 9.16 8.08 154 L90x90x10 10.16 4.46 5.96 85 12.36 9.68 234 L100x100x16 13.36 3.66 5.16
6 9.20 8.10 155 L90x90x10 10.20 4.45 5.95 86 12.40 9.70 235 L125x125x13 13.40 3.65 5.15
7 9.24 8.12 156 L90x90x10 10.24 4.44 5.94 87 12.44 9.72 236 L125x125x13 13.44 3.64 5.14
8 9.28 8.14 157 L90x90x10 10.28 4.43 5.93 88 12.48 9.74 237 L125x125x13 13.48 3.63 5.13
9 9.32 8.16 158 L90x90x10 10.32 4.42 5.92 89 12.52 9.76 238 L125x125x13 13.52 3.62 5.12
10 9.36 8.18 159 L90x90x10 10.36 4.41 5.91 90 12.56 9.78 239 L125x125x13 13.56 3.61 5.11
11 9.40 8.20 160 L90x90x10 10.40 4.40 5.90 91 12.60 9.80 240 L100x100x18 13.60 3.60 5.10
12 9.44 8.22 161 L90x90x10 10.44 4.39 5.89 92 12.64 9.82 241 L100x100x18 13.64 3.59 5.09
13 9.48 8.24 162 L90x90x10 10.48 4.38 5.88 93 12.68 9.84 242 L100x100x18 13.68 3.58 5.08
14 9.52 8.26 163 L90x90x10 10.52 4.37 5.87 94 12.72 9.86 243 L100x100x18 13.72 3.57 5.07
15 9.56 8.28 164 L90x90x10 10.56 4.36 5.86 95 12.76 9.88 244 L100x100x18 13.76 3.56 5.06
16 9.60 8.30 165 L90x90x10 10.60 4.35 5.85 96 12.80 9.90 245 L150x150x13 13.80 3.55 5.05
17 9.64 8.32 166 L90x90x10 10.64 4.34 5.84 97 12.84 9.92 246 L150x150x13 13.84 3.54 5.04
18 9.68 8.34 167 L90x90x10 10.68 4.33 5.83 98 12.88 9.94 247 L150x150x13 13.88 3.53 5.03
19 9.72 8.36 168 L90x90x10 10.72 4.32 5.82 99 12.92 9.96 248 L150x150x13 13.92 3.52 5.02
20 9.76 8.38 169 L90x90x10 10.76 4.31 5.81 100 12.96 9.98 249 L150x150x13 13.96 3.51 5.01
21 9.80 8.40 170 L90x90x10 10.80 4.30 5.80 101 13.00 10.00 250 L125x125x16 14.00 3.50 5.00
22 9.84 8.42 171 L90x90x10 10.84 4.29 5.79 102 13.04 10.02 251 L125x125x16 14.04 3.49 4.99
23 9.88 8.44 172 L90x90x10 10.88 4.28 5.78 103 13.08 10.04 252 L125x125x16 14.08 3.48 4.98
24 9.92 8.46 173 L90x90x10 10.92 4.27 5.77 104 13.12 10.06 253 L125x125x16 14.12 3.47 4.97
25 9.96 8.48 174 L90x90x10 10.96 4.26 5.76 105 13.16 10.08 254 L125x125x16 14.16 3.46 4.96
26 10.00 8.50 175 L90x90x10 11.00 4.25 5.75 106 13.20 10.10 255 L200x200x10 14.20 3.45 4.95
27 10.04 8.52 176 L90x90x10 11.04 4.24 5.74 107 13.24 10.12 256 L200x200x10 14.24 3.44 4.94
28 10.08 8.54 177 L90x90x10 11.08 4.23 5.73 108 13.28 10.14 257 L200x200x10 14.28 3.43 4.93
29 10.12 8.56 178 L90x90x10 11.12 4.22 5.72 109 13.32 10.16 258 L200x200x10 14.32 3.42 4.92
30 10.16 8.58 179 L90x90x10 11.16 4.21 5.71 110 13.36 10.18 259 L200x200x10 14.36 3.41 4.91
31 10.20 8.60 180 L75x75x10 11.20 4.20 5.70 111 13.40 10.20 260 L150x150x14 14.40 3.40 4.90
32 10.24 8.62 181 L75x75x10 11.24 4.19 5.69 112 13.44 10.22 261 L150x150x14 14.44 3.39 4.89
33 10.28 8.64 182 L75x75x10 11.28 4.18 5.68 113 13.48 10.24 262 L150x150x14 14.48 3.38 4.88
34 10.32 8.66 183 L75x75x10 11.32 4.17 5.67 114 13.52 10.26 263 L150x150x14 14.52 3.37 4.87
35 10.36 8.68 184 L75x75x10 11.36 4.16 5.66 115 13.56 10.28 264 L150x150x14 14.56 3.36 4.86
36 10.40 8.70 185 L75x75x13 11.40 4.15 5.65 116 13.60 10.30 265 L125x125x18 14.60 3.35 4.85
37 10.44 8.72 186 L75x75x13 11.44 4.14 5.64 117 13.64 10.32 266 L125x125x18 14.64 3.34 4.84
38 10.48 8.74 187 L75x75x13 11.48 4.13 5.63 118 13.68 10.34 267 L125x125x18 14.68 3.33 4.83
39 10.52 8.76 188 L75x75x13 11.52 4.12 5.62 119 13.72 10.36 268 L125x125x18 14.72 3.32 4.82
40 10.56 8.78 189 L75x75x13 11.56 4.11 5.61 120 13.76 10.38 269 L125x125x18 14.76 3.31 4.81
41 10.60 8.80 190 L75x75x13 11.60 4.10 5.60 121 13.80 10.40 270 L150x150x16 14.80 3.30 4.80
42 10.64 8.82 191 L75x75x13 11.64 4.09 5.59 122 13.84 10.42 271 L150x150x16 14.84 3.29 4.79
43 10.68 8.84 192 L75x75x13 11.68 4.08 5.58 123 13.88 10.44 272 L150x150x16 14.88 3.28 4.78
44 10.72 8.86 193 L75x75x13 11.72 4.07 5.57 124 13.92 10.46 273 L150x150x16 14.92 3.27 4.77
45 10.76 8.88 194 L75x75x13 11.76 4.06 5.56 125 13.96 10.48 274 L150x150x16 14.96 3.26 4.76
46 10.80 8.90 195 L75x75x13 11.80 4.05 5.55 126 14.00 10.50 275 L200x200x13 15.00 3.25 4.75
47 10.84 8.92 196 L75x75x13 11.84 4.04 5.54 127 14.04 10.52 276 L200x200x13 15.04 3.24 4.74
48 10.88 8.94 197 L75x75x13 11.88 4.03 5.53 128 14.08 10.54 277 L200x200x13 15.08 3.23 4.73
49 10.92 8.96 198 L75x75x13 11.92 4.02 5.52 129 14.12 10.56 278 L200x200x13 15.12 3.22 4.72
50 10.96 8.98 199 L75x75x13 11.96 4.01 5.51 130 14.16 10.58 279 L200x200x13 15.16 3.21 4.71
51 11.00 9.00 200 L100x100x10 12.00 4.00 5.50 131 14.20 10.60 280 L125x125x22 15.20 3.20 4.70
52 11.04 9.02 201 L100x100x10 12.04 3.99 5.49 132 14.24 10.62 281 L125x125x22 15.24 3.19 4.69
53 11.08 9.04 202 L100x100x10 12.08 3.98 5.48 133 14.28 10.64 282 L125x125x22 15.28 3.18 4.68
54 11.12 9.06 203 L100x100x10 12.12 3.97 5.47 134 14.32 10.66 283 L125x125x22 15.32 3.17 4.67
55 11.16 9.08 204 L100x100x10 12.16 3.96 5.46 135 14.36 10.68 284 L125x125x22 15.36 3.16 4.66
56 11.20 9.10 205 L125x125x8 12.20 3.95 5.45 136 14.40 10.70 285 L150x150x18 15.40 3.15 4.65
57 11.24 9.12 206 L125x125x8 12.24 3.94 5.44 137 14.44 10.72 286 L150x150x18 15.44 3.14 4.64
58 11.28 9.14 207 L125x125x8 12.28 3.93 5.43 138 14.48 10.74 287 L150x150x18 15.48 3.13 4.63
59 11.32 9.16 208 L125x125x8 12.32 3.92 5.42 139 14.52 10.76 288 L150x150x18 15.52 3.12 4.62
60 11.36 9.18 209 L125x125x8 12.36 3.91 5.41 140 14.56 10.78 289 L150x150x18 15.56 3.11 4.61
61 11.40 9.20 210 L90x90x13 12.40 3.90 5.40 141 14.60 10.80 290 L150x150x20 15.60 3.10 4.60
62 11.44 9.22 211 L90x90x13 12.44 3.89 5.39 142 14.64 10.82 291 L150x150x20 15.64 3.09 4.59
63 11.48 9.24 212 L90x90x13 12.48 3.88 5.38 143 14.68 10.84 292 L150x150x20 15.68 3.08 4.58
64 11.52 9.26 213 L90x90x13 12.52 3.87 5.37 144 14.72 10.86 293 L150x150x20 15.72 3.07 4.57
65 11.56 9.28 214 L90x90x13 12.56 3.86 5.36 145 14.76 10.88 294 L150x150x20 15.76 3.06 4.56
66 11.60 9.30 215 L150x150x8 12.60 3.85 5.35 146 14.80 10.90 295 L200x200x16 15.80 3.05 4.55
67 11.64 9.32 216 L150x150x8 12.64 3.84 5.34 147 14.84 10.92 296 L200x200x16 15.84 3.04 4.54
68 11.68 9.34 217 L150x150x8 12.68 3.83 5.33 148 14.88 10.94 297 L200x200x16 15.88 3.03 4.53
69 11.72 9.36 218 L150x150x8 12.72 3.82 5.32 149 14.92 10.96 298 L200x200x16 15.92 3.02 4.52
70 11.76 9.38 219 L150x150x8 12.76 3.81 5.31 150 14.96 10.98 299 L200x200x16 15.96 3.01 4.51
71 11.80 9.40 220 L100x100x16 12.80 3.80 5.30 151 15.00 11.00 300 L150x150x22 16.00 3.00 4.50
72 11.84 9.42 221 L100x100x16 12.84 3.79 5.29 152 15.04 11.02 301 L150x150x22 16.04 2.99 4.49
73 11.88 9.44 222 L100x100x16 12.88 3.78 5.28 153 15.08 11.04 302 L150x150x22 16.08 2.98 4.48
74 11.92 9.46 223 L100x100x16 12.92 3.77 5.27 154 15.12 11.06 303 L150x150x22 16.12 2.97 4.47
75 11.96 9.48 224 L100x100x16 12.96 3.76 5.26 155 15.16 11.08 304 L150x150x22 16.16 2.96 4.46
76 12.00 9.50 225 L150x150x10 13.00 3.75 5.25 156 15.20 11.10 305 L200x200x18 16.20 2.95 4.45
77 12.04 9.52 226 L150x150x10 13.04 3.74 5.24 157 15.24 11.12 306 L200x200x18 16.24 2.94 4.44
78 12.08 9.54 227 L150x150x10 13.08 3.73 5.23 158 15.28 11.14 307 L200x200x18 16.28 2.93 4.43
79 12.12 9.56 228 L150x150x10 13.12 3.72 5.22 159 15.32 11.16 308 L200x200x18 16.32 2.92 4.42
80 12.16 9.58 229 L150x150x10 13.16 3.71 5.21 160 15.36 11.18 309 L200x200x18 16.36 2.91 4.41

2
Problem Set 12 Welded Connections

In the following problems, use Fy = 248 MPa, Fu = 400 MPa and that E70 electrodes are used for the welds.

12.1 For the roof truss loaded as shown, select the lightest single angle section for members BC=CD and CG and
determine the weld lengths L1, L2 and L3 at the ends of the members if the welds are to be axially loaded. The demand-to-
capacity ratio of the selected size should be between 0.80 and 1.00. The truss is laterally supported only at the joints.
Lines AD and BE are straight and B and D are at the midpoint of AC and CE respectively.

12.2 The detail of a moment connection of a cantilever beam is shown. The beam has a span of L m and carries a
uniformly distributed load of w kN/m over its entire length (including self-weight) and a concentrated load P kN at its
free end. Select the lightest W-section for the beam if the beam is laterally supported only at the ends. Determine the
required thickness of the welds that connect a) the top plate to the beam, b) the top plate to the column, c) the shear plate
to the beam web, and d) the shear plate to the column. Assume the connector plates have sufficient width and thickness.

1
Student PS 12.1 Problem 12.2 Student PS 12.1 Problem 12.2
Number x y P1 L w P Number x y P1 L w P
m m kN m kN/m kN m m kN m kN/m kN
1 6.00 3.00 20.0 2.50 50.0 60.0 81 7.60 4.60 36.0 3.30 34.0 52.0
2 6.02 3.02 20.2 2.51 49.8 59.9 82 7.62 4.62 36.2 3.31 33.8 51.9
3 6.04 3.04 20.4 2.52 49.6 59.8 83 7.64 4.64 36.4 3.32 33.6 51.8
4 6.06 3.06 20.6 2.53 49.4 59.7 84 7.66 4.66 36.6 3.33 33.4 51.7
5 6.08 3.08 20.8 2.54 49.2 59.6 85 7.68 4.68 36.8 3.34 33.2 51.6
6 6.10 3.10 21.0 2.55 49.0 59.5 86 7.70 4.70 37.0 3.35 33.0 51.5
7 6.12 3.12 21.2 2.56 48.8 59.4 87 7.72 4.72 37.2 3.36 32.8 51.4
8 6.14 3.14 21.4 2.57 48.6 59.3 88 7.74 4.74 37.4 3.37 32.6 51.3
9 6.16 3.16 21.6 2.58 48.4 59.2 89 7.76 4.76 37.6 3.38 32.4 51.2
10 6.18 3.18 21.8 2.59 48.2 59.1 90 7.78 4.78 37.8 3.39 32.2 51.1
11 6.20 3.20 22.0 2.60 48.0 59.0 91 7.80 4.80 38.0 3.40 32.0 51.0
12 6.22 3.22 22.2 2.61 47.8 58.9 92 7.82 4.82 38.2 3.41 31.8 50.9
13 6.24 3.24 22.4 2.62 47.6 58.8 93 7.84 4.84 38.4 3.42 31.6 50.8
14 6.26 3.26 22.6 2.63 47.4 58.7 94 7.86 4.86 38.6 3.43 31.4 50.7
15 6.28 3.28 22.8 2.64 47.2 58.6 95 7.88 4.88 38.8 3.44 31.2 50.6
16 6.30 3.30 23.0 2.65 47.0 58.5 96 7.90 4.90 39.0 3.45 31.0 50.5
17 6.32 3.32 23.2 2.66 46.8 58.4 97 7.92 4.92 39.2 3.46 30.8 50.4
18 6.34 3.34 23.4 2.67 46.6 58.3 98 7.94 4.94 39.4 3.47 30.6 50.3
19 6.36 3.36 23.6 2.68 46.4 58.2 99 7.96 4.96 39.6 3.48 30.4 50.2
20 6.38 3.38 23.8 2.69 46.2 58.1 100 7.98 4.98 39.8 3.49 30.2 50.1
21 6.40 3.40 24.0 2.70 46.0 58.0 101 8.00 5.00 40.0 3.50 30.0 50.0
22 6.42 3.42 24.2 2.71 45.8 57.9 102 8.02 5.02 40.2 3.51 29.8 49.9
23 6.44 3.44 24.4 2.72 45.6 57.8 103 8.04 5.04 40.4 3.52 29.6 49.8
24 6.46 3.46 24.6 2.73 45.4 57.7 104 8.06 5.06 40.6 3.53 29.4 49.7
25 6.48 3.48 24.8 2.74 45.2 57.6 105 8.08 5.08 40.8 3.54 29.2 49.6
26 6.50 3.50 25.0 2.75 45.0 57.5 106 8.10 5.10 41.0 3.55 29.0 49.5
27 6.52 3.52 25.2 2.76 44.8 57.4 107 8.12 5.12 41.2 3.56 28.8 49.4
28 6.54 3.54 25.4 2.77 44.6 57.3 108 8.14 5.14 41.4 3.57 28.6 49.3
29 6.56 3.56 25.6 2.78 44.4 57.2 109 8.16 5.16 41.6 3.58 28.4 49.2
30 6.58 3.58 25.8 2.79 44.2 57.1 110 8.18 5.18 41.8 3.59 28.2 49.1
31 6.60 3.60 26.0 2.80 44.0 57.0 111 8.20 5.20 42.0 3.60 28.0 49.0
32 6.62 3.62 26.2 2.81 43.8 56.9 112 8.22 5.22 42.2 3.61 27.8 48.9
33 6.64 3.64 26.4 2.82 43.6 56.8 113 8.24 5.24 42.4 3.62 27.6 48.8
34 6.66 3.66 26.6 2.83 43.4 56.7 114 8.26 5.26 42.6 3.63 27.4 48.7
35 6.68 3.68 26.8 2.84 43.2 56.6 115 8.28 5.28 42.8 3.64 27.2 48.6
36 6.70 3.70 27.0 2.85 43.0 56.5 116 8.30 5.30 43.0 3.65 27.0 48.5
37 6.72 3.72 27.2 2.86 42.8 56.4 117 8.32 5.32 43.2 3.66 26.8 48.4
38 6.74 3.74 27.4 2.87 42.6 56.3 118 8.34 5.34 43.4 3.67 26.6 48.3
39 6.76 3.76 27.6 2.88 42.4 56.2 119 8.36 5.36 43.6 3.68 26.4 48.2
40 6.78 3.78 27.8 2.89 42.2 56.1 120 8.38 5.38 43.8 3.69 26.2 48.1
41 6.80 3.80 28.0 2.90 42.0 56.0 121 8.40 5.40 44.0 3.70 26.0 48.0
42 6.82 3.82 28.2 2.91 41.8 55.9 122 8.42 5.42 44.2 3.71 25.8 47.9
43 6.84 3.84 28.4 2.92 41.6 55.8 123 8.44 5.44 44.4 3.72 25.6 47.8
44 6.86 3.86 28.6 2.93 41.4 55.7 124 8.46 5.46 44.6 3.73 25.4 47.7
45 6.88 3.88 28.8 2.94 41.2 55.6 125 8.48 5.48 44.8 3.74 25.2 47.6
46 6.90 3.90 29.0 2.95 41.0 55.5 126 8.50 5.50 45.0 3.75 25.0 47.5
47 6.92 3.92 29.2 2.96 40.8 55.4 127 8.52 5.52 45.2 3.76 24.8 47.4
48 6.94 3.94 29.4 2.97 40.6 55.3 128 8.54 5.54 45.4 3.77 24.6 47.3
49 6.96 3.96 29.6 2.98 40.4 55.2 129 8.56 5.56 45.6 3.78 24.4 47.2
50 6.98 3.98 29.8 2.99 40.2 55.1 130 8.58 5.58 45.8 3.79 24.2 47.1
51 7.00 4.00 30.0 3.00 40.0 55.0 131 8.60 5.60 46.0 3.80 24.0 47.0
52 7.02 4.02 30.2 3.01 39.8 54.9 132 8.62 5.62 46.2 3.81 23.8 46.9
53 7.04 4.04 30.4 3.02 39.6 54.8 133 8.64 5.64 46.4 3.82 23.6 46.8
54 7.06 4.06 30.6 3.03 39.4 54.7 134 8.66 5.66 46.6 3.83 23.4 46.7
55 7.08 4.08 30.8 3.04 39.2 54.6 135 8.68 5.68 46.8 3.84 23.2 46.6
56 7.10 4.10 31.0 3.05 39.0 54.5 136 8.70 5.70 47.0 3.85 23.0 46.5
57 7.12 4.12 31.2 3.06 38.8 54.4 137 8.72 5.72 47.2 3.86 22.8 46.4
58 7.14 4.14 31.4 3.07 38.6 54.3 138 8.74 5.74 47.4 3.87 22.6 46.3
59 7.16 4.16 31.6 3.08 38.4 54.2 139 8.76 5.76 47.6 3.88 22.4 46.2
60 7.18 4.18 31.8 3.09 38.2 54.1 140 8.78 5.78 47.8 3.89 22.2 46.1
61 7.20 4.20 32.0 3.10 38.0 54.0 141 8.80 5.80 48.0 3.90 22.0 46.0
62 7.22 4.22 32.2 3.11 37.8 53.9 142 8.82 5.82 48.2 3.91 21.8 45.9
63 7.24 4.24 32.4 3.12 37.6 53.8 143 8.84 5.84 48.4 3.92 21.6 45.8
64 7.26 4.26 32.6 3.13 37.4 53.7 144 8.86 5.86 48.6 3.93 21.4 45.7
65 7.28 4.28 32.8 3.14 37.2 53.6 145 8.88 5.88 48.8 3.94 21.2 45.6
66 7.30 4.30 33.0 3.15 37.0 53.5 146 8.90 5.90 49.0 3.95 21.0 45.5
67 7.32 4.32 33.2 3.16 36.8 53.4 147 8.92 5.92 49.2 3.96 20.8 45.4
68 7.34 4.34 33.4 3.17 36.6 53.3 148 8.94 5.94 49.4 3.97 20.6 45.3
69 7.36 4.36 33.6 3.18 36.4 53.2 149 8.96 5.96 49.6 3.98 20.4 45.2
70 7.38 4.38 33.8 3.19 36.2 53.1 150 8.98 5.98 49.8 3.99 20.2 45.1
71 7.40 4.40 34.0 3.20 36.0 53.0 151 9.00 6.00 50.0 4.00 20.0 45.0
72 7.42 4.42 34.2 3.21 35.8 52.9 152 9.02 6.02 50.2 4.01 19.8 44.9
73 7.44 4.44 34.4 3.22 35.6 52.8 153 9.04 6.04 50.4 4.02 19.6 44.8
74 7.46 4.46 34.6 3.23 35.4 52.7 154 9.06 6.06 50.6 4.03 19.4 44.7
75 7.48 4.48 34.8 3.24 35.2 52.6 155 9.08 6.08 50.8 4.04 19.2 44.6
76 7.50 4.50 35.0 3.25 35.0 52.5 156 9.10 6.10 51.0 4.05 19.0 44.5
77 7.52 4.52 35.2 3.26 34.8 52.4 157 9.12 6.12 51.2 4.06 18.8 44.4
78 7.54 4.54 35.4 3.27 34.6 52.3 158 9.14 6.14 51.4 4.07 18.6 44.3
79 7.56 4.56 35.6 3.28 34.4 52.2 159 9.16 6.16 51.6 4.08 18.4 44.2
80 7.58 4.58 35.8 3.29 34.2 52.1 160 9.18 6.18 51.8 4.09 18.2 44.1