311/1
HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT
PAPER 1
2½ hours
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT
Paper 1
Instructions to candidates
(a) This paper consists of three sections; A, B and C.
(b) Answer all the questions in section A, three questions from section B and two questions from
section C.
(c) Answers to all the questions must be written in the answer booklet provided.
(d) This paper consists of 3 printed pages.
(e) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as
indicated and that no questions are missing.
SECTION A (25 MARKS)
Attempt ALL the questions in this section
1. Identify two sources of Kenyan History. (2 marks)
2. State two similarities in the political organization of the Ameru and the Abagusii during the
19th Century. (2 marks)
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3. Give the main reason why the rulers of Malindi welcomed the Portuguese in the 16
Century. (1 mark)
4. State two advantages of a written constitution. (2 marks)
5. Identify one fighting tactic used during the African resistance against the establishment of
British rule in Kenya . (1 mark)
6. Identify one feature of African farming in Kenya during the colonial period. (1 mark)
7. Give the main reason why poll tax was introduced in Kenya during the colonial period.
(1 mark)
8. Name one personality who inspired Jomo Kenyatta to join politics. (1 mark)
9. Identify one condition that one must fulfill in order to register as a voter in Kenya. (1 mark)
10. Give one member of the African Elected Members Organization (AEMO) at its inception in
1957. (1 mark)
11. Give one strategy used by the colonial government to achieve its objectives in offering
missionary education in Kenya. (1 mark)
12. Outline two roles of polling clerks in Kenya. (2 marks)
13. Identify two functions of the National Intelligence Service (NIS) in Kenya. (2 marks)
14. Give two roles played by the ruling party in Kenya. (2 marks)
15. Give two ways in which parliamentary supremacy is undermined in Kenya. (2 marks)
16. Give the main function of the Commission on Revenue Allocation in Kenya. (1 mark)
17. State two ways through which the savings and credit cooperative societies in Kenya benefit
their members. (2 marks)
SECTION B (45 marks)
Answer any three questions from this section.
18. (a) Identify three communities that interacted with the Abagusii as
they migrated and settled in Kenya.
(3 marks)
(b) Describe the social organization of the Abagusii.
(12 marks)
19. (a) Identify three factors which enabled the white settlers to
establish farms in
Kenya during the colonial period
(3 marks)
(b) Explain six ways in which the colonial government promoted
settler farming in Kenya
(12 marks)
20. (a) Apart from Kenya African National Union (KANU) name three
other political
parties formed in Kenya between 1960 and 1963
(3 marks)
(b) Explain the political developments which hastened the
achievement of
independence in Kenya between 1945 -1963
(12 marks)
21. (a) Identify three education commissions appointed by the
government to review the education systems since
independence. (3 marks)
(b) Explain six challenges facing the education sector in Kenya
today. (12 marks)
SECTION C (30 marks)
Answer any two questions from this section.
22. (a) Identify three ways that could be used to amend the constitution in Kenya.
(3
marks)
(b) Explain six challenges faced in giving Kenyans a new constitution. (12 marks)
23. (a) Outline the procedure for solving disputes in presidential elections in Kenya.
(3
marks)
(b) Explain six functions of the Senate in Kenya. (12 marks)
24. (a) State three reasons why African socialism was adopted. (3 marks)
(b) Explain six social impacts of National philosophies in Kenya. (12 marks)
