Electricity: Circuits and
their Components
Let Us Enhance Our Learning – Notes to be written in the notebook
(Question 1-9 Question Answer)
Question 1.
Choose the incorrect, statement.
(i) A switch is the source of electric current in a circuit.
(ii) A switch helps to complete or break the circuit.
(iii) A switch helps us to use electricity as per our requirement.
(iv) When the switch is in ‘OFF’ position, there is an air gap between its
terminals.
Answer:
(i) A switch is the source of electric current in a circuit.
Question 2.
Observe Fig. 3.16. With which material connected between the ends A and
B, the lamp will not glow?
Answer -To prevent the lamp from lighting in Fig. 3.16, connect an
insulator (like rubber or plastic) between A and B. This will break the
circuit and stop the flow of electricity.
Question 3.
In Fig. 3.17, if the filament of one of the lamps is broken, will the other
glow? Justify your answer.
Ans. No, the lamp will not glow. The lamps are connected in series. The break in the filament
will break the flow of current. The circuit is not complete so the lamp will not glow.
Question 4.
A student forgot to remove the insulator covering from the connecting
wires while making a circuit. If the lamp and the cell are working properly,
will the lamp glow?
Answer:
No, the lamp will not glow in this case. The insulator covering on the
connecting wires prevents the flow of electric current. Since the current
cannot pass through the insulated parts of the wires, the circuit remains
incomplete, and the lamp will not light up.
Question 5.
Draw a circuit diagram for a simple torch using symbols for electric
components.
Answer:
Question 6.
(i) If S2 is in ‘ON’ position, S1 is in ‘OFF’ position, which lamp(s) will
glow?
(ii) If S2, is in ‘OFF’ position, S1, is in ‘ON’ position, which lamp(s)
will glow?
(iii) If Si; and S2, both are in ‘ON’ position, which lamp(s) will
glow?
(iv) If both S1, and S2, are in ‘OFF’ position, which lamp(s) will
glow?
Answer:
(i) Lamp will not glow.
(ii) . Lamp will not glow
(iii) S1 ‘ON’, S2 ‘ON’: Both lamps (L1 and L2) will glow.
(iv) Neither lamp will glow.
Question 7.
Vidyut has made the circuit as shown in Fig. 3.19. Even after
closing the circuit, the lamp does not glow. What can be the
possible reasons? List as many possible reasons as you can for
this faulty operation. What will you do to find out why the lamp
did not glow?
Answer:
Reasons:
(a) The lamps filament may be broken.
(b) The electric cell may be used up or faulty.
(c) The connection between the components of circuit and wires may be
loose.
(d) Insulation might not be removed properly from the connecting wires.
(e)The switch might be faulty.
Question 8. In Fig. 3.20, in which case(s) the lamp will not glow when the
switch is closed?
Answer:
Case (a): The Lamp will glow.
Case (b): Lamp will glow.
Case (c): Lamp will not glow
Case (d): Lamps will glow.
Question 9.
Suppose the ‘+’ and symbols cannot be read on a battery. Suggest a
method to identify the two terminals of this battery.
Answer: Use a Circuit: Connect the battery to a light bulb. The correct
connection will make the bulb glow brightly.
Check the Shape: The flat side is usually the negative (-) terminal, and the
smaller protruding side is positive (+) terminal
Question 10.
You are given six cells marked A, B, C, D, E, and F. Some of these are
working and some are not. Design an activity to identify which of them are
working.
(i) List the items that you require.
(ii) Write the procedure that you will follow.
(iii) With the items, carry out the activity to identify the cells that are
working.
Answer:
(i) Items Required:
1. Light bulb
2. Wires
3. Cells (A, B, C, D, E, F)
(ii) Procedure:
1. Connect the light bulb to one cell.
2. Check if the bulb glows. If it does, the cell is working.
3. Repeat the process for each cell (A, B, C, D, E, F).
(iii) Carrying Out the Activity:
4. Connect each cell one by one to the bulb.
5. The cells that make the bulb glow are working, and the ones that do
not working.
6. Question 11.
An LED requires two cells in series to glow. Tanya made the circuit
as shown in Fig. 3.21. Will the lamp glow? If not, draw the wires for
correct connections.
Answer:
The LED bulb will glow when the longer wire i.e., the positive
terminal of LED is connected with positive terminal of battery and
shorter wire i.e., the negative terminal of LED is connected with
negative terminal of battery.
7. According to the given connection the LED will not glow, as negative
terminal of LED is connected with positive terminal of battery. The
correct connection will be:
Class 7 Electricity Circuits and Their Components
Question Answer (Activities)
Activity 3.1: Let Us Explore (Page 24)
Electricity worksheets
Observation and conclusion: The torchlight glows when the switch is
turned on because the electric cells inside provide energy to the lamp.
When the switch is off, the circuit breaks and the lamp does not glow. This
shows that a complete circuit is needed for electricity to flow.
Activity 3.2: Let Us Observe (Page 25)
Conclusion: An electric cell has two terminals a positive terminal (metal
cap) and a negative terminal (metal disc). These terminals help in the flow
of electric current. The electric cell acts as a portable source of electrical
energy.
Activity 3.3: Let Us Experiment (Page 25)
Observation and conclusion: The torchlight glows only when the cells are
placed in the correct order, with the positive terminal of one cell
connected to the negative terminal of the next. This correct arrangement
forms a battery, which allows electricity to flow and light the lamp.
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Activity 3.4: Let Us Observe (Page 26)
Observation and conclusion: The glowing part of an incandescent lamp is
a thin wire called the filament. The filament gets hot and glows when
electricity passes through it, producing light. It is connected to two thicker
wires that act as terminals. These wires are fixed in a way that they do
not touch each other inside the lamp.
Activity 3.5: Let Us Observe (Page 27)
Observation and conclusion: LEDs do not have filaments like incandescent
lamps. They have two terminals one positive (longer wire) and one
negative (shorter wire). The LED lights up when connected correctly to a
battery. Some torch lamps may use LEDs of different shapes and colours.
Fig. 3.7 (a) An electric cell holder with two wires attached (b) An electric
cell inside the cell holder (c) Wires connected to an electric cell using
electrical tape
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Fig. 3.8 (a) An electric lamp holder with wires attached (b) An
incandescent lamp inside the lamp holder (c) Wires connected to
incandescent torch lamp with electrical tape
Table 3.1: Trying to Make the Lamp Glow
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Observation and conclusion: The electric lamp will glow only when the
current will flow inside the circuit. When all the connections are properly
connected then only current will flow and the lamp will glow otherwise the
current will not flow in the circuit and the lamp will not glow.
Activity 3.7 Let Us Experiment (Pages 30-31)
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Observation and conclusion: The LED glows only when it is connected
correctly the longer wire to the positive terminal and the shorter wire to
the negative terminal of the battery as shown in fig.(a). This shows that
electric current flows in only one direction through an LED. If the
connections are reversed, the LED does not glow. This helps us learn how
to properly connect components in a circuit.
Activity 3.8 Let us Test (Page 32)
Observation and conclusion: We constructed a simple switch using a
safety pin and drawing pins on a cardboard piece. When connected with
wires, this setup works as a basic switch that can open or close a circuit.
Activity 3.9 Let Us Test (Page 32)
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Observation and conclusion: By connecting the switch to a battery and
lamp, we saw that the lamp glows only when the safety by opening or
closing the path.
Activity 3.10 Let Us Draw (page 34)
Observation and conclusion: The circuit diagram can be drawn easily with
the help of symbols of different electric components.
Activity 3.11 Let Us Identify (Page 35)
Table 3.3: Identifying Conductors and Insulators
Object Material: It is made up of Lamp glows (Yes/No) Conclusion (Conductor/ Insula
Stick Wood No Insulator
Scale Plastic No Insulator
Bangle Glass No Insulator
Paper strip Paper No Insulator
Candle Wax No Insulator
Key Metal Yes Conductor
Eraser Rubber No Insulator
Paperclip Metal Yes Conductor
Copper wire Copper Yes Conductor
Aluminum foil Aluminum Yes Conductor
Rubber band Rubber No Insulator
Glass jar Glass No Insulator
Observation and conclusion: This activity shows the difference between
conductors and insulators. Conductors allow electricity to flow through
them, making the lamp glow. Insulators, on the other hand, do not allow
the current to pass through them, so the lamp stays off.
Extra Questions
Question 1.
Why does the torch lamp glow in one position of its switch? (Page 24)
Answer:
The torch lamp glows when the switch is in the ‘ON’ position because it
completes the electrical circuit, allowing current to flow through the lamp.
When the switch is in the ‘OFF’ position, the circuit is open, and current
cannot flow, so the lamp does not glow
Question 2.
In a torch, we generally use more than one cell. Are those placed in any
particular order? (Page 25)
Answer:
Yes, in a torch, cells are usually placed in series. The positive terminal of
one cell is connected to the negative terminal of the next. This
arrangement increases the total voltage, which powers the lamp.
Question 3.
How does a switch turn ‘ON’ or ‘OFF’ the torchlight? (Page 32)
Answer:
The switch controls the flow of electricity in the circuit. When the switch is
‘ON’, it closes the circuit, allowing electricity to flow through the lamp and
make it glow. When the switch is ‘OFF’, it opens the circuit, stopping the
flow of electricity, and the lamp goes off
Question 4.
Can we represent the circuit in a simpler manner? (Page 33)
Answer:
Yes, the circuit (often representing components like cells, bulbs, or
switches in a circuit diagram) can be represented by symbols. For
example, a battery is represented by a pair of short and long parallel lines,
and a lamp is represented by a circuit with an ‘X’ inside it.
Question 5.
Why did we use metal wire for making the electric circuit? Can we not use
some other material for the wires? (Page 34)
Answer:
Metal wires (usually copper) are used because metals are good conductors
of electricity. They allow electric current to flow easily. While other
materials could be used but they would not conduct electricity as
efficiently. For example, rubber and plastic are insulators, so they can’t
carry current.
Question 6.
Why are electric wires covered with plastic or rubber? (Page 34)
Answer:
Electric wires are covered with plastic or rubber because these materials
are insulators. They prevent electric current from escaping the wires and
also protect people from electric shocks. Additionally, the insulation keeps
the wires from touching each other and causing short circuits.
