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CHM101: INTRODUCTORY INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

One of the earliest attempts to classify elements was to divide them into metals and____
non metals
Metallic elements we all know have certain properties which include__ having
lustrous shinning appearance
malleability ductility they can also
conduct heat and electricity metallic
elements also form basic oxides

In 1829, J W Dobereiner observed that there exist certain groups of three elements which he called_
TRIADS
In 1862, _____arranged the elements that were known at that time in order of increasing atomic weight
on a line which spiralled around a cylinder from bottom to top
A. de Chanourtois
___ suggested that if the elements were arranged in order of increasing atomic weight, every eighth
element would have properties similar to the first element John Newlands
Newlands "Law of octaves" was rejected for two reasons which are____
Firstly, it did not hold good for elements heavier than Ca. Secondly, he believed that there existed some
mystical connection between music and chemistry.

In 1869, Lothar Meyer reported that when physical properties like atomic volume, boiling point etc. were
plotted against atomic weight, a periodically repeating curve was obtained

In contrast to Lothar Meyer, ____used chemical properties like valence and formulae of hydrides, chloride,
and oxides of the elements to illustrate his periodic law
Mendeleev

According to Mendeleev's periodic law, if the elements are arranged sequentially in the order of increasing
atomic weight, a periodic repetition, that is, periodicity in properties is observed.

Mendeleev arranged elements in horizontal rows and vertical columns in order of increasing atomic
weight so that the elements having similar properties were kept in the same vertical column

___ states that: "the properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers" Modern
Periodic Law
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In the Aufbau process, it is assumed that there exist a set of empty hydrogen like orbital around the
nucleus of an atom

The electronic configuration of the atom in the ground state is then derived by adding electrons one at a
time to the orbitals of the lowest energy in the sequence shown by arrows

According to the Pauli Exclusion Principle, no two electrons in the same atom can have the same value of
n, 1 and mi , they will differ in their ms values.

Hund's rule of maximum multiplicity states that, as far as possible in a given atom in the ground state,
electrons in the same sub shell will occupy different orbitals and will have parallel spins.

___ period contains 18 elements from potassium (Z = 19) to krypton (Z = 36) Period
4
___ period also consists of 8 elements from sodium (Z = 11) to argon (Z = 18) Period
3
___ period contain elements from lithium (Z = 3) to neon (Z F 10) Period
2
__ is the smallest of all the periods of the table period
1
___ period contain next 18 elements from rubidium (Z = 37) to Xenon (Z = 54) Period
5
__ period contains 32 elements from caesium (Z = 55) to radon (Z =86) Period
6
___ period is still incomplete and contains 23 elements from francium (Z = 87) to unnitennium (Z = 109)
period 7
The elements in which the extra electron enters (n-2)f orbitals are called the f-block elements

The elements in which the differentiating electron enters the (n-1)d orbitals are called____ d-
block elements.

The n+1 rule, which states that in building up electronic configuration of the elements the sub shell with
the lowest value of n =1 fills first

The Pauli Exclusion principles which states that no two electrons in the same atom can have the same
value of all four quantum numbers

The Hund's rule which states that as far as possible in a given atom in the ground state, electrons in the
same sub shell will occupy different orbitals and will have parallel spins
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the Aufbau principle which assumes that there exist a set of empty hydrogen like orbitals into which
electrons can be added

Atomic radii are the measure of the size of the atom

Covalent radius can be defined as one half of the distance between the nuclei of two like atoms bonded
together by a single covalent bond

The bonding within a non metal molecule is largely covalent. However, individual molecules are held
together by weak forces known as Van der Waals forces

Metallic radius is defined as one-half of the distance between the nuclei of two adjacent metal atoms in
the close packed crystal lattice

Ionic radius is defined as the distance between the nucleus of an ion and the point up to which the nucleus
has influence on the electron cloud

Ionic radii are of two types called____ cation

radii and anion radii.

the Factors Affecting the Atomic Radii are____

Principal Quantum Number (n) Effective Nuclear Charge (Z*)

As the principal quantum number increases, the outer electrons get farther away from the nucleus and
hence the atomic radius generally ___ increases

Effective nuclear charge Z* is the amount of positive charge felt by the outer electrons in an atom

The energy required to remove the least strongly bond electron from an isolated gaseous atom in its
ground state is known as the __ ionisation energy

The energy required to remove the one electron from an isolated gaseous atom in its ground state is
known as the __ first ionisation energy
The second ionisation energy is the energy required to remove an electron from a univalent cation that
process
the Factors Affecting Ionisation Energies are___ effective
nuclear charge
electronic configurations

Electron affinity of an atom is a measure of its ability to accept an electron to form an anion

__ is defined as the energy released or absorbed when an electron is added to the gaseous atom in its
ground state. Electron affinity

the Factors Affecting Electron Affinity are___

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Atomic Radius Effective Nuclear Charge Electronic Configuration

Mulliken defined electronegativity as the mean value of first ionisation energy and first electron affinity.

According to____, electronegativity is equated to the force of attraction between an atom and the
electron separated by a distance equal to the covalent radius of the atom
Alfred Rochow

Electronegativity is a measure of the attraction that an atom has for electrons in a bond it has formed with
another atom

Atoms of an element which have the same atomic number but different mass number are called __
Isotopes.

Hydrogen has three different isotopes having mass numbers 1, 2, and 3 called ___ ordinary
hydrogen or Protium 1H, deuterium (D) or 2H and Tritium (T)

deuterium also forms an oxide, D20, which is known as ___

Heavy Water

Tritium was first obtained synthetically by the bombardment of deuterium compounds such as (ND 4)SO4
with fast deuterons.

When two hydrogen atoms combine to form a molecule, there are two possibilities. The two nuclei will
either spin in the same direction (parallel spins) to give the form called Ortho Hydrogen or they spin in
opposite directions to give Para Hydrogen and this phenomenon is known as ___ Spin Isomerism

Due to spin isomerism, differences in the internal energy of the two forms of hydrogen arise, causing
differences in the physical properties like boiling point, specific heat and thermal conductivity.
hydrogen can be manufactured from ____
Manufacturing by electrolysis Manufacture by chemical means

the Properties of Hydrogen are___

Hydrogen is the lightest element known. It is colourless, odourless and tasteless gas Atomic hydrogen is
a powerful reducing agent and reduces copper, silver and mercury salts to the metallic state of It
combines with alkali metals to form hydrides It reduces sulphur to hydrogen sulphide Carbon monoxide
is reduced to formaldehyde
It also reacts with oxygen at room temperature to form hydrogen peroxide H
is used for wielding.

the uses of hydrogen are as follows____

The largest single use of hydrogen is in the syntheses of ammonia which is used in the manufacture of
nitric acid and nitrogenous fertilizers
Hydrogen is used in the hydrogenation of vegetable of oils and the manufacture of methanol.
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In space crafts, hydrogen gas is used in fuel cells for generating electrical energy and for providing clean
drinking water to the astronauts

Liquid hydrogen is used as ___fuel rocket

As electronegativity of the element increases the stability of the hydrides also___

increases

Three types of hydride compounds are formed depending upon the electronegativity of the element.
There are classified into___
Ionic or salt like or salric hydrides Covalent or molecule hydrides Metallic or non-stoichiometric hydrides

_ are formed by metals with low electronegativity values and are more electropositive with respect to
hydrogen
Ionic or salt like

__ bonds are formed by elements of comparatively higher electronegativity such as the P- block elements
and Be and Mg Covalent Hydride

When heated, hydrogen reacts with many transition metals (lantharindes and actinides) to form ___
metallic hydrides

Hydrogen bond can be defined as the attractive force which binds hydrogen atom of one molecule with
electronegative atom of another molecule, generally of the same compound.

The hydrogen bond energy is only about ___

7 — 59 kg mol-1

There are ____types of hydrogen bonding

two(Intermolecular hydrogen bonding and Intra-molecular hydrogen bonding)

In_______, two or more molecules of the same element are involved in hydrogen bonding Intermolecular
Hydrogen Bonding

the Effects of Hydrogen Bonding are____

Water Solubility Boiling Point and Melting Point

Lithium and sodium are extracted by ____

electrolysis of their fused (molten) chlorides

The elements of Group 1 and 2 are called the ____elements

S-block

Group 1 elements consist of Li, Na, K, Rb, C and Fr. They are called ____
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Alkali Metals

the major source for the manufacture of hydrogen is ___ water

there are two primary methods for the manufacture of hydrogen__ manufacture
by chemical means
manufacture by electrolysis

the physical properties of alkali metal are____

Atomic size Density

Compounds formed by alkali metals with highly electronegative elements like halogens and oxygen, are
largely ____in nature because of the large electro negativity difference.
ionic

Three types of oxides are formed by the alkali metals: normal oxides having 02 ion and the peroxides
having 02- [0 — 0] ion and the last is the ____containing 02 - ion.
super oxide

Alkali metals reacts with sulphur to form two types of sulphides____

simple sulphides of Na2S and polysulphides like Na2S

Alkali metals react with hydrogen and form ionic hydrides, MH

Lithium reacts with carbon to form ionic carbides

When a metal is surrounded by solvent molecules, the phenomenon is called Solvation

When the solvent is water the phenomenon is now called Hydration

As a result of differences in their degree of hydration, the hydrated ionic radii of the alkali metal ions
decrease as we go down the group from lithium to caesium

A complex compound can be defined as a compound with a central atom or ion surrounded by a group of
ions of molecules called ___ "ligands".

___ bond formed by the donation of a lone pair of electrons from one atom (of the liquid) to the other
(metal/ion).
"coordinate bond

The alkaline earth metals, like alkali metal are very reactive

Calcium occurs extensively as calcite and lime — stone (CaCO3) in many mountain ranges
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the Uses of Alkaline Earth Metals____

Beryllium is used for making atomic fuel containers because it absorbs very few neutrons and does not
become radioactive
Beryllium alloys are non sparking, therefore, they are used in making hand tools for use in the
petroleum industry.

The density decreases slightly on moving down the group from Be to Ca but increases considerably
thereafter up to Ra

The atomic/ionic radii increase from Be to Ra due to the effect of extra shells of electrons added.
the properties of alkali earth

Alkaline earth metals are less reactive than alkali metals as they are less electropositive than they are.

Calcium and barium bicarbonates are stable only in solution and decompose on removal of water to give
carbonates. This property of bicarbonates is the reason for STALACTITE formation

In the periodic table,period 6 contains ------ elements 32

Which of these is not an isotope of hydrogen?

Neutrium

________ forms an oxide also known as heavy water.

Deutrium

Which of the isotopes of hydrogen is radioactive?

Tritium

All these can be used as raw materials for the production of oxygen except nitrogen

Hydrogen can be obtained economically as a bi-product in the electrolysis of ------ brine

Which if these is not a property of hydrogen?

it has a pungent smell

Hydrogen may be used for all but one of the following.

synthesis of zinc

Hydrogen may not be advantagous as a fuel because------- it

is a secondary source of energy

Hydrogen may be used for all but one of the following synthesis
of zinc

______types of hydride compounds can be formed depending on the electronegativity of the elements 3
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When alkali metals are heated with hydrogen they form--------hydrides ionic

Silt is an example of ------ hydride

covalent

Which of these statements is not true of metallic hydrides?

they are volatile

Sodium Hydride is an example of ------- hydride ionic

All these are types of metal lattices except------- hexagonal

Which of these statements is not true of metallic elements?

They form acidic oxides

All these are consequences of the sole valence electron in alkali metals except ------
the metals are soft

Which of these statements is not true?

All metals react with carbon to form carbides

In the group of the alkali metals the degree of hydration-------- down the group.
decreases

When a metal is sourrounded by solvent molecules not water, the phenomenon is called-------- Solvation

Which of these element does not belong to the alkali metals

Radium

Decrease in hydration energy makes a compound ------

insoluble

Which of these increases solubility of compounds a

small cation and a large anion

The charge on cations------ down a group

remains constant

Hydrides of alkali metals react with water to librate------ hydrogen

Alkali metals react with sulphur to form ---- types of sulphides

2

Ionization energy------ down the group within the alkali metals decreases
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Within the alkali metals atomic size --------

increases down the group

Potassium compounds can be used for all but one of the following
manufacture of glass

Alkali metals can be used for all but one of the following
as rocket fuel

A consequence of ------- is the formation of a chelate ring

intramolecular hydrogen bonding

Which of these hydrides has the high boiling point?

water

Which of these metals is radioactive?

francium

The most abundant metal in sea water is ------- sodium

Which of these bonds has the weakest bond energy?

hydrogen bond

The attractive force which binds a hydrogen atom of one molecule with an electronegative atom of
another molecule of the same compound is called--------- hydrogen bond

Increase in principal quantum number(n) means-----of the atomic radii increase

Except for rubidium and caesium,

all common cations are smaller than all common anions

_____is defined as one-half of the distance between the nuclei of two adjacent metal atoms in the close
packed crystal lattice
metallic radius

_____states that as far as possible in a given atom in the ground state, electrons in the same sub shell will
occupy different orbitals and will have parallel spins.
Hund's rule

The alkali metals belong to the ------ elements s-block

Which is of these peroids of the peroidic table has only eight elements? 3
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Increase in principal quantum number(n) means-----of the atomic radii

increase

In the equation for ionization,effective nuclear charge is represented as------

Z*

The ability of an element to participate in a chemical reaction is measured in form of its ---------
ionization energy

____is the energy released or absorbed when an electron is added to the gaseous atom in its ground state
electron affinity

Electron affinity can be affected by all but one of the following mass
number

Halogens have ------ electron affinity

exothermic

An orbital can have at the most two electrons of opposite spin can be called the -------
Exclusion principle

In the mordern form of Mendeleev peroidic table, elements are arranged in --------horizontal rows. 7

The positions of K and Ar,Co and Ni do not remain anomalous any longer since --------- is used in arranging
the elements. atomic number

The properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers is the----------- Mordern
periodic law

What property was used by Mendeleev to classify the elements?

chemical properties

_________ used the Law of the Octave to arrange atoms

John Newlands

__________ arranged elements in order of increasing atomic weight on a line which spiraled around a
cylinder from bottom to top
De Chanourtios

________and____________ tried to classify elements into periods

De Chancourtois and Dobereiner

_________is the tendency of an atom to attract towards itself the shared electron pair of a bond in which
it is involved
electronegativity
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The second ionization energy of alkaline earth metals is less than that of corresponding alkali metals
because--------
of stability of a closed shell configuration

____________is the enthalpy change when one mole of crystal lattice is formed from the isolated gaseous
ions
lattice energy

A hybrid orbitals that has greater s-character is more likely to possess ………………
Greater electronegativity

Which of these is an sp-hybridized compound?

C_{2}H_{2}

The presence of hydrogen bond in most molecules is responsible for the following except; Low
boiling point

Which of these is not a covalent hydride?

NaH

When alkali metals are heated with hydrogen they form--------hydrides Ionic

Hydrogen can be obtained economically as a bi-product in the electrolysis of ------

brine

One of these elements behave partly as the alkaline metals as well as a halogen element; Hydrogen

The tendency of an atom to attract shared electron pair of bond towards itself is known as
Electronegativity

Which of the following is not true as we move down a group of s and p-block elements in the periodic
table
Electronegativity also increases

The energy required to remove two valency electrons of a metallic atom is called;
Second ionization energy

Which of these elements has the electonic configuration of 1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}3d^{10}4s^{1}

Cu

All common cations are smaller than all common anions except one of these;
Rubidium

One half of the distance between the nuclei of two atoms bonded together by a single bond is known as
Covalent radius
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one of the following is not a d-block element?

Aluminium

Which of these is not an s-block element

Zn

The energy absorbed or released when an electron is added to a gaseous atom is known as Ionization
energy

One half of the distance between the nuclei of two adjacent metal atoms in a close crystal lattice is
called……….. Metallic radius

One of the following scientists never made any contribution to the development of periodic table?
J.J Thompson

Which of these is not a property of metallic element?

They form acidic oxide

Newlands law of octaves was rejected mainly because of;

It could not hold good for elements heaver than calcium

When two hydrogen atoms combine to form a molecule and the two nuclei spin in the same direction,
parallel spins, to give the form known as______
Answer: Ortho Hydrogen

The two hydrogen nuclei spin in opposite directions to give ______

Answer: Para Hydrogen

Hydrogen can be produced by the reaction of methane with ______in the presence of nickel catalyst
Answer: Steam

Metals are very powerful ____ agent

Answer: Reducing

Sulphur reacts with ______ to form hydrogen sulphide

Answer: Hydrogen

Carbon monoxide is reduced strongly by hydrogen to yield a product appropriately described as ____
Answer: Formaldehyde

In a fuel cell, electrical energy is generated by the reaction of hydrogen leaf, a process which is called ___
Answer: Cold combustion

Fuel cells have efficiencies approaching 75% whereas power plants that burn fuels have efficiencies of only
about _______
Answer: 40%
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_______ are soft have low melting points and are poor conductors ofelectricity.
Answer: covalent hydrides

_____ hydrogen bond is formed between two atoms of the samemolecule

Answer: Intramolecular

Half-life period of tritium is ___ years

Answer: 12.3

Melting point and boiling point increases in group 14 elements because of ___ Answer:
Hydrogen bonding

Solubility of a substance increases markedly when ____ is possible between the solvent and the solute
molecules
Answer: Hydrogen bonding

How many types of hydrogen bonding do we have?

Answer: Two

What percentage of rubidium chloride is contained in Carmallite?

Answer: 0.94%

The hydrides of lithium and sodium are used as ______agents in synthetic organic chemistry Answer:
Reducing

the alkali metals are very useful, some of their uses include beingused as ____conductors. Answer:
Electrical

Normal oxide and peroxide of alkaline metals are colourless and _____
Answer: Diamagnetic

Super oxides of alkaline metals are usually Coloured and _______ in nature
Answer: Paramagnetic

All the Group 1 metal oxides are strongly _____ and react vigorously to give hydroxide Answer:
Basic

polysulphides of sodium have a _____ chain structure

Answer: zig-zag

The density of gallium was ___ kg as predicted by Mendeleev

Answer: 5.8 x103
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The works of Lars Fredrick Nilson led to discovered one very important element known as _____ Answer:
Scandium

_____ is the scientist who first discovered germanium as an element

Answer: Winkler

The maximum number of electrons that can be contained by d-orbital in opposite spin is _____ Answer:
Ten

F orbital can hold maximally ______ number of electrons

Answer: Fourteen

The maximum number of electrons that can be contained by p-orbital in opposite spin is _____ Answer:
Six

How many sub orbitals has f-orbital?

Answer: Seven

The electronic configuration of _______ is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 Answer:
Zinc

Period 1 of the modern periodic table consists of how many elements _____
Answer: Two

The metallic radius depends to some extent on ______ structure ofthe metal. Answer:
Crystal

Hydrogen may not be advantageous as a fuel because it is a secondary ______ Answer:

Source of energy

Elements of the periodic table have been divided into how many blocks?
Answer: Four

Lanthanides and actinides are collectively known as ______ element.

Answer: F-block

A periodic element that behaves both as a metal in group 1A and also as a halogen is most likely to be
Answer: Hydrogen

Second ionisation energy is greater than the first because

Answer: Electron is removed from the positively charged cation that is held firmly due to nuclear forces.

The valence shell electron of _______ are more stable and requires very great energy to remove them
Answer: Noble gases
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Ionisation energy of an element depends on all of the following except; Answer:

Crystal lattices of the atom of element

MCQ4: Which of the following element has the lowest ionisation energies?
Answer: Ne

MCQ5: The energy required to remove the least strongly bond electrons from an isolated gaseous atom on
ground state is appropriately described as
Answer: Ionisation energy

MCQ6: The energy released or absorbed when an electron is added to the gaseous atom in its ground
state is described as Answer: Electron affinity

MCQ7: Which of these elements shows the highest reluctance to form an anion? Answer:
K

MCQ8: Which of these factors would not affect electron affinity?

Answer: Steric effect

_____is the tendency of an atom to attract toward itself the shared electron pair of a bond in which it is
involved
Answer: Electronegativity

One of these is not an isotope of hydrogen

Answer: Polonium

Which of these isotopes of hydrogen is radioactive?

Answer: Tritium

The tendency of an atom to attract toward itself the shared electron pair of a bond in which it is involved
can be measured by all these scale except; Answer: Lothar Meyer electronegativity scale

How would you effectively separate a mixture of carbon (iv) oxide and Hydrogen gas?
Answer: Pass the mixture through water which absorbs CO2 and hydrogen gas remains insoluble

Mixture of CO and H2 is known as

Answer: water gas

It is not advisable to prepared hydrogen gas by one of these methods

Answer: Reaction of potassium metal with warm water

Which of these is used in metallurgy to reduce metal oxides to metals in cases where carbon cannot be
used because the metal can form carbide?
Answer: Hydrogen
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Stability of the alkali metal complexes decrease as you go down the group one of these order Answer:
Li >Na>K>Rb>Cs

The following metallic elements are most likely to be extracted by electrolysis of their fused chloride
except
Answer: Magnesium

One of these is used as a window materials in x-ray apparatus and also in making atomic fuel containers
Answer: Beryllium

The process by which metal ion is surrounded by solvent molecules is appropriately described as Answer:
Solvation

All are the three types of oxides which are formed by the alkali metals except Answer:
Amphoteric oxide

One of these elements in its stearate form may be used as grease

Answer: Li

One of these metal element is obtained by the reduction of its chloride with sodium vapour Answer:
Potassium

Sodium occur naturally in combine state due to its reactivity. Sodium does not occur in one of these ores
Answer: Kainite

One of these is not a hydride Answer:

Stoichiometric hydrides.

The attractive force which binds hydrogen atom of one molecule with electronegative atom of another
molecule, generally of the same compound is known as
Answer: Hydrogen bonding

One of these is not a property of metals

Answer: They form acidic oxides

The concept of atomic number was essentially discovered in 1913 by one of these scientists Answer:
Henry Moseley

______ states that as far as possible in a given atom in the ground state, electrons in the same sub shell
will occupy different orbitals and will have parallel spins
Answer: Hund's rule

There exist a set of empty hydrogen like orbitals into which electrons can be added. This assumption was
made by___
Answer: Aufbau principle
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Which of these is the electronic configuration of scandium?

Answer: [Ar] 3d14s2

The electronic configuration of nickel is ______

Answer: [Ar] 3d74s2

Metal halides may be obtained by the direct combination of a metal and ______ Answer:
Halogen

One of these is the electronic configuration of copper?

Answer: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s1

Identify the element that has this electronic configuration: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2. Answer:
Ca

Hydride ion is unusually……………..with respect to size.

Large

The stability of alkail salts depend on……….. heat

of formation / enthalpy of formation

............ metals react with sulphur to form simple sulphides and polysulphides. Alkaline

Increase in principal quantum number(n) means……………of the atomic radii. Increase

…………is one of the isotopes of hydrogen whose neutron number is zero.

Ordinary hydrogen / Protium

The f-blocks elements are otherwise known as……………..

Inner transition elements

The percentage of deuterium in natural occurring hydrogen is …………..

0.000156

Inner transition elements are otherwise known as ………………

F-block elements

Hydrogen can be obtained economically as a byproduct in the electrolysis of a compound called

………………………...
brine / Aqueous sodium chloride

The elements which the extra electron enters(n-2)f orbitals are called………….. F-block
Elements / Inner transition elements

A consequence of…………..is the formation of a chelate ring.

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Intramolecular hydrogen bonding

Halogens have…………….electron affinity.

Exothermic

Hydrogen is discharged at………..electrode during the electrolysis of brine.

Cathode

Berylium , an alkaline earth metal belongs to the…………..block elements. S

Fuel cell have advantage over power plants in that its efficiency is……………….. 0.75
/ Seventy five percent

The name given to group 2 elements in the periodic table is……………………..

Alkaline-earth metal

The phenomenon in which a metal is surrounded by solvent molecules is called…………… Solvation

Lithium in the form of lithium stearate is used for the production of a substance known as……………which
minimizes friction between moving parts.
Lubricating greases / Lubricant

………………is a radioactive isotope of hydrogen obtained on a large scale by irradiation of Li/Mg alloy of $
LiF_{3}$ with slow neutrons.
Tritium

An element that shows some properties similar to alkali metals and some others similar to those of
halogens is most likely to be……………
Hydrogen

Elements which achieve a stable noble gas configuration by accepting just one electron are collectively
called…………
Halogen

Ionization energy…………..down the group within the alkali metals.

Decreases

$1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}3d^{7}4s^{2}$ is the electronic configuration for an element with atomic

number………….
27 / twenty seven

Ortho and para-hydrogen exemplifies a type of isomerism referred to as…………isomerism. Spin

The attractive force which binds hydrogen atom of one molecule with an electronegative atom of another
molecule is known as………………
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Hydrogen bond

Atoms of an element which have the same atomic number but different mass number is known
as……………..
Isotopes

Magnesium hydride is an example of…………..hydride.

Ionic

Alkaline metals are extracted mainly by……………..

Electrolysis

………………..is a compound formed when hydrogen combines covalently with non-metals. Hydride

Within the alkali metals, atomic size…………….down the group.

Increases

………………..is the most abundant metal in sea water.

Sodium

Heavy hydrogen is otherwise known as………………

Deuterium / $D_{2}O$
The electronic configuration of……………….Is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{1}$.
Sodium / Na

The electrons in the same sub shell of a given atom in the ground state occupy different orbitals and will
have parallel spin. This is a statement of……………..
Hund’s rule

A hydrogen oxide otherwise known as…………….is used as a moderator in nuclear reactors. Deuterium
oxide / $D_{2}O$

In nuclear reactors liquid sodium is mainly used as………………….

Coolant

………………..was the person who arranged elements in order of increasing atomic weight on a line which
spiraled around a cylinder from bottom to top.
De Chanourtios

……………..states that as far as possible in a given atom in the ground state, electrons in the same sub shell
will occupy different orbitals and will have parallel spins.
Hund's rule

Which element has the electronic configuration: $[Ar] 3d^{8}4s^{2}$....................... Nickel

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The number of nearest neighbours of a metal atom in a body centred cubic is……………. Eight
/8

The atomic number of Rubidium is………………

thirty seven / 37

The periodic table is divided into………..different blocks.

4 / Four

The ion-solvent interaction is strong enough to hold a certain fixed number of solvent molecules known as
………………….
Coordination number

Alkali metals react with sulphur to form two types of………………

Sulphides

The ion in solution which is surrounded by a number of solvated molecules is called……………..

solvated ion

The name given to the number of nearest neighbours of a metal atom in a lattice is…………. Coordination
number

The polarizing power of a cation is directly proportional to its…………..charge. Positive

In the periodic table, period 6 contains…………….elements

32 / thirty two
The distance from the centre of the nucleus to the point where the electron density is virtually zero is
known as……..……
Radius of an atom / Atomic radius

Which group of elements appears in the modern periodic table but not in the Mendeleev’s original
table?.................
18 / Eighteen

The amount of positive charge felt by the outer electron in an atom is known as…………. Effective
Nuclear charge

The major source for the manufacture of hydrogen is…………

Water

The phenomenon in which two forms of hydrogen molecules were formed as a result of differences in the
direction of nuclear spin is called………………
Spin Isomerism

The charge on cations…………..down a group.

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Remains constant / is constant

…………………is the process of ejecting electrons most readily on exposure of ceasium to light. Photoelectric

A mixture of carbon(II)oxide and water is known As…………..

synthesis gas / Water gas

In the modern form of Mendeleev periodic table, elements are arranged in………..horizontal rows. 7
/ Seven

The concept of electronegativity was first developed by…………………

Pauling

The phenomenon in which a metal is surrounded by water molecules is called……………

Hydration

…………………observed that elements were grouped as triads

J W Dobereiner / Dobereiner

Hydrides of alkali metals react with water to librate which of these?______________ Hydrogen

Why was Newlands law of octaves rejected? ____________

It could not hold good for elements heavier than calcium

Which of these alkalis has the most stable floride?______________

Lithium
Which of these statements is not true of metallic hydrides? ______________ they
are volatile

Which property was used by Mendeleev to classify elements?_______________ Chemical

properties

Which of these alkali metals is the most electropositive?______________

Caesuim

The presence of hydrogen bond in most molecules is responsible for the following EXCEPT __________.
Low boiling point

The tendency of an atom to attract towards itself shared electron pair of a bond is known as _________
Electronegativity

Which of the isotopes of hydrogen is radioactive?________________ Tritium

All these can be used as raw materials for the production of oxygen except _________.
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coke
carbon(II)oxide
steam nitrogen

Which of these is not a covalent hydride? ___________________

NaH

The most abundant metal in sea water is called ______

Sodium

Which of these statements is not true of metallic elements?__________________ They

form acidic oxides

Which of the following is not true as we move down a group of s and p-block elements in the periodic
table? _______________
Electronegativity also increases

Stability of alkali salts depends on which of the following?________________ enthalpy

of formation of the salt

How many electrons are in potassium atom? __________

19

How many elements are there in period 6 of the periodic table ? _________________ 32

Which of these elements behave partly as the alkaline metals as well as a halogen element?
_____________
Hydrogen

Which of these periods of the peroidic table has only eight elements? ____________ 3

Which of these elements has the electronic configuration of

$1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}3d^{10}4s^{1}$? ____
Cu

_____states that as far as possible in a given atom in the ground state, electrons in the same sub shell will
occupy different orbitals and will have parallel spins.
Hund's rule

The alkali metals belong to the _______elements s-block

Which is of these peroids of the peroidic table has only eight elements?______ 3

Increase in principal quantum number(n) means____ of the atomic radii Increase

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In the equation for ionization,effective nuclear charge is represented as______ Z*

The ability of an element to participate in a chemical reaction is measured in form of its ______ Ionization
energy

____is the energy released or absorbed when an electron is added to the gaseous atom in its ground state
electron affinity

Electron affinity can be affected by all but one of the following ______ mass
number

Halogens have ______ electron affinity

Exothermic

An orbital can have at the most two electrons of opposite spin can be called the ______ Exclusion
principle

In the mordern form of Mendeleev peroidic table, elements are arranged in ______horizontal rows. 7

The positions of K and Ar, Co and Ni do not remain anomalous any longer since _______ is used in
arranging the elements.
Atomic number

The properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers is the______ Mordern
periodic law

What property was used by Mendeleev to classify the elements?_______ Chemical

properties

_________ used the Law of the Octave to arrange atoms

John Newlands

______ arranged elements in order of increasing atomic weight on a line which spiraled around a cylinder
from bottom to top
De Chanourtios

________and____________ tried to classify elements into periods

De Chancourtois and Dobereiner

_________is the tendency of an atom to attract towards itself the shared electron pair of a bond in which
it is involved
Electronegativity

The second ionization energy of alkaline earth metals is less than that of corresponding alkali metals
because______
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of stability of a closed shell configuration

____________is the enthalpy change when one mole of crystal lattice is formed from the isolated gaseous
ions
lattice energy

Arrange the following metals in an increasing order of their boiling point ______ LI,Cs,Rb,K Cs,K,Rb,Li

Arrange the following alkali metals in order of their atomic number,Na,K,Li Li,Na,K

According to ______,electronegativity is equated to the force of attraction between an atom and the
electron seperated by a distance equal to the covalent radius of the atom.
Alfred-Rochow

Which of these metals can their compounds be used in photography ?_____ K

All these are types of metal lattices except______

bexagonal cubic close packed body-centred
cubic
hexagonal

Which of these statements is not true of metallic elements?_______

They form acidic oxides

__________is a requirement in the electrolysis of beryllium chloride

Sodium Chloride

In the extraction of calcium from fused calcium chloride,-------is used as the anode Granite

All these are uses of Beryllium except ______

used in making atomic fuel containers used
for making hand tools used for making
aircraft
used as window materialin X-ray apparatus

Calcuim oxide is a constituent of all but one of the following_______ mortar

glass
Portland cement
Barium

On exposure to air alkaline earth metals lose their silvery luster because_____ a
layer of oxide is formed on their surface
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All the alkaline earth metals form ionic compounds except ____
Beryllium
Calcium
Magnesium
Strontium

Calcium compounds give out a characteristic -------flame colouration brick

red

The hydrogen energies of alkaline earth metal ions are much greater than those of alkali metals because---
---
they are smaller with increased cationic charge

Which of these statements is not true of alkaline earth metals?______ They

are less dense than alkali metals

The first ionization energy of alkaline earth metals is more than that of corresponding alkali metals
because____
the alkaline earth metals have higher nuclear charge and are smaller in size

___________is extremely rare and it is a radioactive element

Radium

___________ is the second most abundant metallic element in sea water

Magnesium

Which of these statements is not true of lithium? ____

Lithium reacts spontaneously with water

The strong cohesive forces present in the lithium atom gives rise to all but one of the following ____
Homonuclear bond energy
Softness
Relatively higher melting point
relatively higher boiling point

Question: The ability of an element to participate in a chemical reaction is measured in form of its
Answer:C: ionization energy

Question: used the Law of the Octave to arrange atoms

Answer:A: John Newlands

Question: What property was used by Mendeleev to classify the elements

Answer:D: chemical properties
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Question: The properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers is the
Answer:B: Mordern periodic law

Question: The positions of K and ArCo and Ni do not remain anomalous any longer since is used in
arranging the elements
Answer:C: atomic number

Question: In the mordern form of Mendeleev peroidic table elements are arranged in horizontal rows
Answer:B: 7

Question: An orbital can have at the most two electrons of opposite spin can be called the Answer:D:
Exclusion principle

Question: Halogens have electron affinity

Answer:A: exothermic

Question: Electron affinity can be affected by all but one of the following
Answer:C: mass number

Question: is the energy released or absorbed when an electron is added to the gaseous atom in its ground
state
Answer:D: electron affinity

Question: Except for rubidium and caesium

Answer:A: all common cations are smaller than all common anions

Question: Increase in principal quantum numbern means of the atomic radii Answer:C:
increase

Question: The attractive force which binds a hydrogen atom of one molecule with an electronegative atom
of another molecule of the same compound is called
Answer:C: hydrogen bond

Question: Which of these bonds has the weakest bond energy

AnswerA: hydrogen bond

Question: The most abundant metal in sea water is

Answer:B: sodium

Question: Which of these metals is radioactive

Answer:B: francium

Question: Which of these hydrides has the high boiling point

Answer:C: water
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Question: Hydrides of alkali metals react with water to librate

Answer:C: hydrogen

Question: The charge on cations down a group

Answer:A: remains constant

Question: Which of these increases solubility of compounds

Answer:B: a small cation and a large anion

Question: All these are consequences of the sole valence electron in alkali metals except Answer:A:
the metals are soft

Question: Which of these statements is not true of metallic elements

Answer:C: They form acidic oxides

Question: All these are types of metal lattices except

Answer:C: hexagonal

Question: Hydrogen may be used for all but one of the following
Answer:D: synthesis of zinc

Question: Hydrogen may not be advantagous as a fuel because

Answer:D: it is a secondary source of energy

Question: Which of these is not a property of hydrogen

Answer:B: it has a pungent smell

Question: Hydrogen can be obtained economically as a bi product in the electrolysis of Answer:A:

brine

Question: All these can be used as raw materials for the production of oxygen except Answer:D:
nitrogen

Question: Which f the isotopes of hydrogen is radioactive

Answer:C: Tritium

Question: one of the following is not a d block element

Answer:Aluminium

Question: Which of these is not an s block element

Answer:Zn

Question: Which of the following is not true as we move down a group of s and p block elements in the
periodic table
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Answer:Electronegativity also increases

Question: assumes that there exist a set ofemptyhydrogen like orbitals into which electrons can be added
Answer:Aufbau principle

Question: The energy required to remove the least strongly bond electron from an isolated gaseous atom
in its ground state is known as
Answer:Ionisation energy

Question: states that no twoelectrons inthe same atom can have the same value of all fourquantum
numbers
Answer:Pauli Exclusion principles

Question: The value of screening constant S can be estimated with the help of Answer:Slaters
rules
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Question:

In the periodic table,period 6 contains ------ elements

Answer: 32

Question: Which of these is not an isotope of hydrogen?

Answer: Neutrium

Question: __________ forms an oxide also known as heavy water.

Answer: Deutrium

all but one of the following.

Answer: synthesis of zinc

Question: Hydrogen may not be advantagous as a fuel because-------

Answer: it is a secondary source of energy

Question: Hydrogen may be used for all but one of the following
Answer: synthesis of zinc

Question: ______types of hydride compounds can be formed depending on the electronegativity of the
elements Answer: 3

Question: When alkali metals are heated with hydrogen they form--------hydrides Answer:
ionic

Question:Silt is an example of ------ hydride

Answer: covalent

Question: Which of these statements is not true of metallic hydrides?

Answer: they are volatile

Question: Sodium Hydride is an example of ------- hydride

Answer: ionic

Question: All these are types of metal lattices except------- Answer:

hexagonal

Question:Which of these statements is not true of metallic elements?

Answer: They form acidic oxides

Question: All these are consequences of the sole valence electron in alkali metals except ------ Answer:
the metals are soft

Question: Which of these statements is not true?

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Question:

Answer: All metals react with carbon to form carbides

Question: In the group of the alkali metals the degree of hydration-------- down the group. Answer:
decreases

Question: When a metal is sourrounded by solvent molecules not water, the phenomenon is called--------
Answer: Solvation

Which of these element does not belong to the alkali metals

Answer: Radium

Question:Decrease in hydration energy makes a compound ------

Answer: insoluble

Question: Which of these increases solubility of compounds

Answer: a small cation and a large anion

Question:The charge on cations------ down a group

Answer: remains constant

Question: Hydrides of alkali metals react with water to librate------ Answer:

hydrogen

Question: Alkali metals react with sulphur to form ---- types of sulphides
Answer: 2

Question: Ionization energy------ down the group within the alkali metals
Answer: decreases

Question: Q29 Within the alkali metals atomic size -------- Answer:
increases down the group

Question: Potassium compounds can be used for all but one of the following Answer:
manufacture of glass

Question:Alkali metals can be used for all but one of the following
Answer: as rocket fuel

Question: A consequence of ------- is the formation of a chelate ring

Answer: intramolecular hydrogen bonding

Question:Which of these hydrides has the high boiling point?

Answer: water
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Question:

Question: Which of these metals is radioactive?

Answer: francium

Question: The most abundant metal in sea water is ------- Answer:

sodium

Question: Which of these bonds has the weakest bond energy?

Answer: hydrogen bond

Question:The attractive force which binds a hydrogen atom of one molecule with an electronegative atom
of another molecule of the same compound is called--------- Answer: hydrogen bond

Question: Increase in principal quantum number(n) means-----of the atomic radii Answer:
increase

Except for rubidium and caesium,

Answer: all common cations are smaller than all common anions

Question: _____is defined as one-half of the distance between the nuclei of two adjacent metal atoms in
the close packed crystal lattice
Answer: metallic radius

Question: _____states that as far as possible in a given atom in the ground state, electrons in the same sub
shell will occupy different orbitals and will have parallel spins.
Answer: Hund's rule

Question: The alkali metals belong to the ------ elements

Answer: s-block

Question: Which is of these peroids of the peroidic table has only eight elements?
Answer: 3

Question: Increase in principal quantum number(n) means-----of the atomic radii Answer:
increase

Question: In the equation for ionization,effective nuclear charge is represented as------ Answer:
Z*

Question: The ability of an element to participate in a chemical reaction is measured in form of its ---------
Answer: ionization energy

Question: ____is the energy released or absorbed when an electron is added to the gaseous atom in its
ground state
Answer: electron affinity
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Question:

Question: Halogens have ------ electron affinity

Answer: exothermic

Question: An orbital can have at the most two electrons of opposite spin can be called the ------- Answer:
Exclusion principle
Question:In the mordern form of Mendeleev peroidic table, elements are arranged in --------horizontal
rows. Answer: 7
Question: The positions of K and Ar,Co and Ni do not remain anomalous any longer since --------- is used in
arranging the elements.
Answer: atomic number

Question:________and____________ tried to classify elements into periods Answer:

De Chancourtois and Dobereiner

Question: _________is the tendency of an atom to attract towards itself the shared electron pair of a bond
in which it is involved
Answer: electronegativity

Question:The second ionization energy of alkaline earth metals is less than that of corresponding alkali
metals because--------
Answer: of stability of a closed shell configuration
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Question: ____________is the enthalpy change when one mole of crystal lattice is formed from the
isolated gaseous ions Answer: lattice energy

Question: A hybrid orbitals that has greater s-character is more likely to possess __. Answer:
Greater electronegativity

Question: Which of these is an sp-hybridized compound?

Answer: C_{2}H_{2}

Question: The presence of hydrogen bond in most molecules is responsible for the following except;
Answer: Low boiling point

Question: Which of these is not a covalent hydride?

Answer: NaH

Question: When alkali metals are heated with hydrogen they form--------hydrides Answer:
Ionic

Question: Hydrogen can be obtained economically as a bi-product in the electrolysis of ------ Answer:
brine

Question One of these elements behave partly as the alkaline metals as well as a halogen element;
Answer: Hydrogen

Question: The tendency of an atom to attract shared electron pair of bond towards itself is known as
Answer: Electronegativity

Question: Which of the following is not true as we move down a group of s and p-block elements in the
periodic table
Answer: Electronegativity also increases

Question: The energy required to remove two valency electrons of a metallic atom is called; Answer:
Second ionization energy

Question: Which of these elements has the electonic configuration of

1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}3d^{10}4s^{1}
Answer: Cu

Question:All common cations are smaller than all common anions except one of these; Answer:
Rubidium

Question: One half of the distance between the nuclei of two atoms bonded together by a single bond is
known as
Answer: Covalent radius

Question:one of the following is not a d-block element?

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Answer: Aluminium

Question:Which of these is not an s-block element

Answer: Zn

Question: The energy absorbed or released when an electron is added to a gaseous atom is known as
Answer: Ionization energy

Question: One half of the distance between the nuclei of two adjacent metal atoms in a close crystal
lattice is called____ Answer: Metallic radius

Question: One of the following scientists never made any contribution to the development of periodic
table?
Answer: J.J Thompson

Question:Which of these is not a property of metallic element?

Answer: They form acidic oxide

Question: Newlands law of octaves was rejected mainly because of;

Answer: It could not hold good for elements heaver than calcium