37
y > 68~37=31(y~2, satisfies the requirement)
Hence, 2= 37
Ex. xy and2z are prime numbers such that x+y +2~ 38,
What is the maximum value of x?
soy sit 2 sia tend 0G FA ety +2838, a x
sifawan 5 en 2?
(a) 19
(31
(b) 23,
(a) 29
SS =
eR
Ex.
Dditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) )
M
a
we
(8, 5/5, 7)(11, 13)
fall the numbers are even, then,
axtyt2=6
So, two of them are odd and one of them is 2
Let 2 be 2
saxty = 36
‘The closest prime number to 36 is 31. If x= 3)
we get y = 5, an odd prime number, they
2,31 is the maximum value of x
Co-prime numbers/#E-35T
Ifthe HCF of two numbers is 1.
ae} toast a Has. 1 EL
(2,3) (11, 13}, (16, 9},, 25, 19) ete
‘Dwin-prime numbers/T™ SATA WOME
When two consecutive prime numbers are with on
interval of 2, then they are called twin prime numbers
ae a cone ora Hoa 2S aioe ma Gay
aa For aet @
Composite Numbers/ge4 ura et
thas more than two factors.
eae fer ger a Fl
4, 6, 8, 910,12,14,15 ete.
Smallest composite no: (= wet mia Hea) + 4
Smallest odd composite no. (TH GE FAT AF FY 4
Note: (i) 1.is neither prime nor composite number.
Loa ora ste a at ae wer 1
a and b are any two odd primes then a'+¥
and a? ~ b? is composite numbers.
va acme b 2 fr arora theme # a a bee
ab? ary dead chil
How many composite numbers are there from 531057?
53.807 ae fel rat vio 2
HINTS:
«
‘The composite numbers from $3 to 97 are
54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 60, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 68,
72, 74, 78, 76, 77, 78, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 86,
90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95 and 96
Hence, The composite number from 53 to 97 is 35
Perfect Numbers /emp tem
If the sum of all the factors of a number (esse
umber) is equal to the given number, then tat
ber is ealled a perfect number, ad
af sen aah qureteh ae cia(a cto BY SE
wen 8 ea, st au von at mop wor Tet et
6, 28, 496, 8128 etc,
Factor of 28+ 1,2, 4,7, 14
1420447414098
Thus, 28 is a perfect no wt
Note: 6 isa smallest perfect no, (6 wa wd FH!
Ca
a8 LETS 3a
to find the units digt of 9 given expression, we do not
ce to solve the entire expression, b is
pave t » but by operating on
resulting expression is known,
i
ical wer tah wh sensi Se als we tte ay
3 Wort Bee TH fz a wr dy
Let us consider N= a*b, N= a+b, N=a-b, to
caleulate the unit digit of N, we only consider the init
digit of number a and b.
fx Find the unit digit of 232 « 235,
HINTS:
Ex. Find the unit digit of 628 + 493 + 589,
HINTS:
628 +493 + 589-8 +349 = unit digit (0)
Ex, Find the unit digit of 2383 ~ 1689,
HINTS:
2383 - 1689 =-6 + 10-4
Concept of Cyclicity/amtam at aaanur
After a certain frequency or eycle length, the unit digit
starts repeating for a given number.
we Peas carga ar a a cea re, wand sie fare fa mg
Fa & fore tert ye oF
Number | Cyoli Power eyele
1 1 1
2 4 2.4,8,6
3 4 3.9.7.1
4 2 4.6
5 1 5
6 1 6
7 4 7,9,3,1
8 4 8,4,2,6
9 2 9,1
10 1 0
Let us consider N= x¥
To calculate the unit di
‘unit digit of number x.
tof N, we only consider the
The unit's digit of an expression can be calculated by
Belting the remainder while power of the expression is
divided by 4,
Fea erate oe ean ates wt aT sect wr AL TC eH RA
We wre vere a ard th
Aaltya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) )
Ex, What will be the unite digit of 82)"
(382) a gare se wa ei?
Step/711
Divide ist 2 digits of power by 4 and find out remainder.
wa af 2 rad i 4 do ere me eee
Bis
35
32,
3
Step/ 72:
Put remainder as a power of unit place number and
find out answer.
iowa i garl sie ah den Sa Sw A eT
att
Ba8
Note: In Step 1, ifremainder is Os then put power equal
to4.
Wr 1 aR tees Oat at om a 4 eat #1
Find the units digit in each of the following cases.
Prefer seine fei eed sie arn wife)
(187) « (5972 « (aaa)
fil (789) + (2a2y + (528)
i) (982) — paige"
HINTS:
Divide last 2 digits of power by 4 and put remain
der as a power of unit place digit.
um % afte 2 ied ai 4-3 Parte arb ae shore at
vant of at seu at ma ey a tad Bi
PROBS 9x9x1S1
Gi) 9424850464853
(ii) 2'-9' > 12-933
{if first number is less than add 10 in it}
[ae yom son ic eh tt Fa 10 vie a
Ex, Find the unit digit of the expression
frfefen aie a emg af aa wt
Ex.
W414 EFA + ee + 100
HINTS:
LH1XD4 De 2xS4 1x2 aNd HL KOK SK ENE
+ 100
1424644404040... 1003
Hence unit digit of the expression is 3,
Factor/Tras
Any number N ean be expressed in the form of ar bee
x dhs...80 00, Where, a, b, ¢, and d are prime number,
fied vA oa N wt ambwond,... 8 ET en fen oT
wea t, wef, a, b,c, 3itd sar wet th
Ex, 1583%5
45=9°%5
100 = 2¢ » §# and so on,
Selected t Selection fremuy Pld )
*S Finding total number of factors of a number
Ne arx bex crx dtx...., Then/!
Total Number of factors (qa grea FTE)
=(D* 1) (q+ 1) <(r4 a) «(s+ )
Find the total number of factors of 300.
300% am Wri ww
HINTS:
Prime Factorisation of 300 = 2 x 3! » 5?
Total number of factors(i4 TA TAC),
= +i Katy x@en-18
Finding total number of odd factors
aR fame queria ait wen gat wT
T/A N= arx bix crx dx ...., Then fl
Total Number of odd factor = (q + 1) * (r+ 1) * (8+ 1)
Note: When we find the number of odd factors, we ig-
nore the exponent of a, where (a= 2)
wa va fawn pret at den aa ach fo
af amie wi resis re € ae (a= 21
Find the total number of edd factors of 240.
240% qa aon Prusl a wea ae ails
HINTS:
Prime Factorisation of 240 ~ 2** 3! 5!
Total number of odd factors (it fre gras 1 FET),
(1+ 1x14 22K 2—4
Finding Total number of even factors
aA ee tered at den a oT
MAT N= arx bex crx d's... Thenfi
‘Total Number of Even factor (1 3H rvs zi FET)
= pe Qt) *(r+ 1) * 6+ 1)
Find the total number of even factors of 1200.
1200 |e eH PRU a eM ae
HINTS:
Prime Factorisation of 1200 = 2** 3! 5*
‘Total number of even factors (1 #4 WN a ea,
= 4x (141) (2+ 1-42 %9= 24
‘oR’
ara Fifa
festa ai ee
We can also Use,
Even factors = Total Factors - Odd Factors
Total number of Even Factors = 5x 2*3-2%9=24
Finding Sum of factors of « given number
fact won oral wi ahr ara eT
Ife N= are bax che dH, Then
‘Sum of all factors 6*t TIE = ais
= (alt altnt af) (D+ DIF. + DY(PH CH He.
‘oR
aman brat ot]
gol “b= “ e=1
a es _|
Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector)
Numbey
Ee
7o56% Bui Taal 7 aa
HINTS:
prime Factorisation of 7056 = 2*% 3° 72
sumof all factors(ri HIS 7 any
rege Be Pe ZHI +I Ton,
wpa eB 416) (14349) =7 4 45
fg x 13 «57 = 22971
sum of even factors/9% SS A Aap
ipa N= ax bee! A on, Then fi
‘Sum of all even factors (1 8 THT = ay
a fat att an ta) BPE BY gg
1).
ye
“a-1 bol
Find the sum of all even factors of 270,
270% Bat an aes HI AM see Fifa
HINTS:
Prime Factorisation of 270 = 2! « 3° x 5!
Sum of all even factors (Wh 31 P22 #7 ah)
@') x +3! +5439 x (545!)
2240 x6= 480
‘ee
= 2x80,.24 - 480
24
be
arti
a-1
{
a
e-1
‘eae
I
Sum of all odd factors a foun qorradt wanes
UAE N= a x be 08 dx, Then fi
Sum of all odd factors 1 fms apres] a)
FoP BP+ bE. + bg (eh c+... +e), Where a=?
a
3
5-1
aa
3-1
1
ont
2-1
bee
“pol ear
Find the sum of all even factors of 360
360% wi) amr aprretet rt er ra
HINTS:
Prime Factorisation of 360
Sum of all odd factors(¥th fr qyrvaiei 3
= 2(3" + 31+ 39 (5° + 51)
-1%136-78
Ex,
2 x 32 x 5!
‘OR
2 SL sta 26 24
Thy
Selected # Selection [prime and Composite Factor of « Natural Number
eu wr ara aie
aca wee ora Toray
We know that
‘otal numbers of factors of any natural number
et TEN WOT S PHS a ER a
21 + prime factors + composite factors,
Note: 1 is a factor of all natural numbers.
fe RT Bere at
when we do prime factorization, the number of prime
factors can be given by just counting the number of
prime factors present in it.
sae a
@. a ig, sears praetst S
A ort wee Sos rr aH Se ar we
‘Therefore, Total number of composite factors = Total
umber of factors - Prime factors —1
vaio, a aT
A ter ifx= 1,5,9
the maximum value of xis 9
‘The number 7y974522 is divisible by 9 ify = 2
Thus x9, y= 2
Hence, (2x-y)=2*9-2~ 16
If the 5-digit number 535ab is divisible by 3, 7 09°
11, then what is the value of (a= b? + ab)?
‘aft 5-sfai Wom S35ab, 3, 7 aft 11 8 fama 8, alah
+ ab) "1 rt at 8?
HINTS:
LOM of 3, 7, 11 = 231
Divide 53599 (take the maximum possible values o'@&
bj by 231. +
We get 7 as remainder
Now, subtract 7 from 53599 & get the correct numb"
23592
sa=9,b=2
2 @?-b?+ab= 81-4 +18 =95
Ex,
Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) )
re
Selected @ Selection
ey six digt number 479:2 is cacy Guise
ra uN ‘and 13 then (ly + 2) * 93 is equal to: le by
Feo 981 8 FOU ATONE TH ACS 2 fom ta
eg at:
NTS)
Tom of 7, 11, 13 = 1001
en 3 digits of a number are repeated twice then tha
479479 is divisible by 7, 11 and 13
go,x24y~T2=9
rence, V+ )*x = (749) 4-64
ge + 2% + 2°" is divisible by
Be Ts 2+ 20 fama fama 2?
HINTS:
pacar +2! +24)
2 28(1+ 244) = 2 «7
328 +2 +2" is divisible by 7
gx. Howmany numbers between 100 and 1000 are divisible
ty 17?
oo aft 1000 * ate fara stem 17 -& fama #2
HINTS:
102, 119, ...... 986
pw 9862102
7
884
= Saye sa+1=53
ac ar
Ex, How many numbers between 300 and 700 are divisible
by 5, 6 and 8?
300 ate 700 & ata farrit som 5, 6 alte 9 @ faa 7
HINTS:
LCM of 5, 6 and 8 = 120
Numbers between 300 and 500 which are divisible by
120 = 360, 480, 600
Required number = 3.
How many numbers are there from 1 to 100 which are
neither divisible by 3 nor by 5?
La 100 ae tet frat wend tot aaah 3 a sha s
a Rena ¢7
HINTS:
2
Woxdxt (since 100 is not divisible by 3 x 5 = 15,
lets take 90 instead of 100)
204
90x24
Kats + 48
Between 91 and 100 numbers 95 & 100 are divisible by
eaireas 93, 96 & 99 are divisible by 3. Henee there
tr tumbers which are neither divisible by 3 nor by 5.
wy, Wal= 48-45 = 53 numbers ich
are many numbers are there from 700 to 950 which
+ ucither divisible by 3 nor by 7?
1% 8980 om et fret wort Fal vada a otea A
1 Rete #2
Ag =
WYaRanjan (Excise Inspector)
Ex.
HINTS:
Numbers from 1 to 950 that are neither divisible by 3
6
7 (since 950 is not divi
7 ~ 21, let's take 945 instead of 950)
2
or by 7= 950 x 5
2,6
945 x 3xS= 540
Between 946 and 950 number 948 is divisible by 3
Whereas no number is divisible by 7. Hence there are 4
numbers which are neither divisible by 3 nor by 7.
Total = 540 + 4 = 544 numbers
Numbers from 1 to 699 that are neither divisible by 3
6
2
nor by 7 = 699 x 5
(since 699 is not divisible by 3 x
7 = 21, let's take 693 instead of 699)
2.6
SAT
Between 694 and 699 numbers 696 & 699 are divisible
by 3 whereas no number is divisible by 7. Hence there
are 4 numbers which are neither divisible by 3 nor by 7
Total = 396 + 4 = 400 numbers
Numbers between 700 & 950 which are neither divisible
by 3 nor by 7
iumbers between 1 & 950 which are neither divisible
by 3 nor by 7 ~ numbers between 1 & 699 which are
neither divisible by 3 nor by 7
693
396
= 544-400 = 144
Remainder/WTFa
Introduction/ "taa
Remainder is the amount left over after division when
one divisor does not divide the dividend exactly.
seer ae a ¢ at form ofa oa sone sea al go
‘we fenton af era at vey aa orm 2)
Let us suppose number N when divided by divisor D,
leaves the remainder as R and quotient as 0.
Am tiiae ff Fen N st uw D 8 fanfa e we vara
R atk sere Q wre at
Q- Quotient
visor + D) N> Dividend
“NS Remainder
‘The number "N’ can also be expressed as below:
[N= DQ+R]
On dividing a number by 38, the quotient is 24 and
the remainder is 13, then the number is :
foal Hen al 38 8 Hm Sta mew 24 gen eR 13
am 81 ae Hom BH 37
HINTS:
We know that,
Dividend = Divisor x Quotient + Remember
Here, Divisor = 38, Quotient = 24 and Remember = 13,
«=. Required number, Dividend = 38 x 24+ 13 = 925,
Selected @ Sele
mn feerret BEG
