MECHANICS + CURRENT
Aditya Bhoj
[email protected]
Q.1 We have a tesseract cubic style arrangement with voltmeters and resistances as shown in
the figure. There are identical voltmeters to each side of the smaller cube and sides connecting
to the larger cube as shown in the figure below. All sides have equal resistance R, and across 2
ends of the bigger cube are connected with a battery of 300 V. Calculate
n
7 X
Vi ,
99
i=0
where Vi is the reading of the ith voltmeter.
7 3960
= = 40
99 7
Q.2 A solid paraboloid of base radius R0 and height h0 is having uniform volume mass density
ρs is inverted and placed just above the surface as shown, of a liquid having volume mass
density ρL . When paraboloid is released from rest it has been observed that when it becomes
completely submerged in the liquid the paraboloid comes to rest again. What is the ratio of ρρLs
for such a paraboloid? There exist a uniform gravity of g. Assume that the liquid body is very
large so that liquid level is not changing as the paraboloid enters into liquid.
1
ρL
Answer = =3
ρS
Q.3 Samar and Aayush live in a strange magical world. For doing magic, they need a perfect
cylindrical wand. Samar and Aayush are sworn enemies and in a previous fight between them,
Samar’s wand broke so he made a new wand. He intended to make a perfect wand, but while
using the charm “Rictumsempra”, Aayush disturbed him and as a result, the radius of Samar’s
wand became:
2πx
R(x) = R0 + r sin2
a
and length of the wand is ℓ.
Somehow this wand reached Aditya in the Muggle world and Aditya wanted to calculate the
resistance of the wand. He found the resistivity of the wand’s material to be ρ. Determine the
resistance of the wand that Aditya found. Assume that r ≪ R and a ≪ ℓ.
ρℓ
a) The resistance of wand determined by Aditya will be
πR02
r2
ρℓ
b) The resistance of wand determined by Aditya will be 1+ 2
πR02 R0
r2
ρℓ
c) The resistance of wand determined by Aditya will be 1− 2
πR02 R0
ρℓ r
d) The resistance of wand determined by Aditya will be 1−
πR02 R0
Answer: (D)
Q.4 A projectile is launched from the origin in the x-y plane (x is the horizontal and y is the
vertically up direction) making an angle α from the x-axis. If its distance, r from the origin is
plotted against x, the resulting curves show different behaviours for launch angles α1 and α2 as
shown in the figure below. For α1 , r(x) keeps increasing with x while for α2 , r(x) increases and
reaches a maximum, then decreases and goes through a minimum before increasing again. Find
the maximum possible angle of projection if the distance from origin increases monotonically
with time.
2
1
Answer = θ < cos−1
3
Q.5 (CHALLENGE WITH NO ANS) There is a lake having circular shape of radius R,
the water in lake is rotating with angular velocity of w0 about the centre of lake. A swimmer
wants to cross the river and reach directly opposite point. Speed of swimmer in still water is
V0 . Assume that the water level in lake is same everywhere i.e. angular velocity of water is very
small. Ignore the possibility of drowning of swimmer at the centre of the lake where centre of
vortex is present. Find:
1. The initial direction in which man will jump into the water?
2. Time of crossing Tc .
3. Angular velocity of swimmer’s body during the crossing as a function of time.
3
Q.6 (CHALLENGE WITH NO ANS) A small body of mass m is located on the
inner surface of a hollow sphere of mass M and radius R. At the initial moment, the
velocities of the body and the sphere are zero, and the body is at a height above a
horizontal table equal to the radius of the sphere (see figure). Find the velocities of the
body and the sphere at the moment when the body reaches the lowest point. There is no
friction between the body and the inner surface of the sphere. Consider separately two
cases: 1) There is no friction between the sphere and the table ; 2) The sphere moves
along the table without slipping . The acceleration due to gravity is g.
Q.7 A particle of mass m0 is moving in a straight line under the influence of force F , its
force (F ) vs displacement (x) variation is shown in the diagram which is in the form of
semicircles with centre on x-axis and having radius
R R R R
R, , , , , . . . , ∞
2 4 8 16
Particle starts from x = 0 with u = 0+ . What will be the speed of particle at Infinity?
If speed is of the form s
AπF02
V =
Bm0
in simplest ratio, where A and B are Integers.
Then the value of (A + B) will be?
r
4πF02
Answer = V∞ =
3m
4
Q.8 In this problem, we will be analysing the formation of image of ring around galaxies
using Corpuscular Theory and Universal Law of Gravitation. (Note: Do not consider
any aspects of Relativity while solving this problem, i.e., solve it using only Classical
Mechanics)
Consider light as a collection of particles of mass m moving with a very high speed c
(c2 ≫ GM b , where b is the impact parameter). These particles will deviate when they
come under the interaction of a star as shown in figure. Consider a simple setup with
one star acting as a lens. Let the distance of object and observer be v and u respectively.
Mark the correct statements:
A) The radius of ring observed will be
r
2GM v(u + v)
c2 u
B) The maximum radius of star which can create such an image is
s
4GM v
c2 (u + v)
C) For v ≫ u, the value of angle subtended by ring at observer will be
r
4GM
uc2
D) The value of α + θ is
2GM
bc2
r
2GM v(u + v)
Answer =
uc2
Q.9 A frame of reference that is accelerated with respect to an inertial frame of reference
is called a non-inertial frame of reference. A coordinate system fixed on a circular
disc rotating about a fixed axis with a constant angular velocity ω is an example of a
non-inertial frame of reference.
The relationship between the force F⃗rot experienced by a particle of mass m moving on the
rotating disc and the force F⃗in experienced by the particle in an inertial frame of reference
is
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F⃗rot = F⃗in + 2m(⃗vrot × ω ω × ⃗r) × ω
⃗ ) + m(⃗ ⃗
where ⃗vrot is the velocity of the particle in the rotating frame of reference and ⃗r is the
position vector of the particle with respect to the centre of the disc.
Now consider a smooth slot along a diameter of a disc of radius R rotating counter-
clockwise with a constant angular speed ω about its vertical axis through its center. We
assign a coordinate system with the origin at the center of the disc, the x-axis along the
slot, the y-axis perpendicular to the slot and the z-axis along the rotation axis (⃗
ω = ω k̂).
A small block of mass m is gently placed in the slot at ⃗r = (R/2)î at t = 0 and is
constrained to move only along the slot.
1 - The distance r of the block at time t is
R ωt
e + e−ωt
(A)
4
R
(B) cos ωt
2
R 2ωt
e + e−2ωt
(C)
4
R
(D) cos 2ωt
2
2 - The net reaction of the disc on the block is
1
(A) mω 2 R e2ωt − e−2ωt ĵ + mg k̂
2
1
(B) mω 2 R eωt − e−ωt ĵ + mg k̂
2
(C) −mω 2 R cos ωt ĵ − mg k̂
(D) mω 2 R sin ωt ĵ − mg k̂
Answer = 1 = A, 2 = B
Q.10 A charged particle of mass m and charge q traces a path in an electromagnetic
field as shown in the red curve above. The region has a radially symmetric E ⃗ field in the
x-y plane (centred at the origin) and a uniform magnetic field parallel to the z-axis.The
nearest and farthest distances of the particle from the origin are a and b respectively. (The
blue circle is drawn just to mark the nearest distance.)
The speed of the particle at farthest distance is V . Find the magnitude of magnetic field.
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2mV b
Answer = B =
q (b2 − a2 )
Q.11 There is a superconducting ring, made up of perfectly conducting wire of mean
radius r = 2 m and cross-sectional area A and of mass 10 kg which floats in a gravity
⃗ = 2 T.
free space in a region of uniform magnetic field parallel to its induction vector B
Inductance L of the ring is so small that inertia of free electrons cannot be neglected in
the current building process. The free electron density in the conductor is n, mass of an
electron is me , and modulus of charge on an electron is e. He found that if the ring is
turned slightly about a diameter and released, it will execute simple harmonic motion. If
calculated time period is in form
q
brme
a L+ ne2 A
c
Find the value of a + b − c.
√
2mLnet
Answer =
BR
Q.12 A bicycle wheel of mass M = 2.8 kg and radius R = 0.3 m is spinning with angular
velocity ω = 5 rad/s around its axis in outer space, and its center is motionless. Assume
that it has all of its mass uniformly concentrated on the rim. A long, massless axle is
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attached to its center, extending out along its axis. A ball of mass m = 1.0 kg moves at
velocity v = 2 m/s parallel to the plane of the wheel and hits the axle at a distance h =
0.5 m from the center of the wheel. Assume that the collision is elastic and instantaneous,
and that the ball’s trajectory (before and after the collision) lies on a straight line Find
the time it takes for the axle to return to its original orientation. Answer in seconds and
round to three significant figures.
π
Answer = T = q = 0.568 s
ω12
ω2 + 4
Q.13 ( collision challenge )As shown in figure , an object of mass M1 is suspended
from a massless string s3 and M2 is held stationary. Masses M1 and M2 are connected to
fixed frictionless pivots P1 and P2 by strings s1 and s2 . At time t = 0 the string s3 is cut
and mass M1 falls under gravity.
(a) Find the time t1 after which the string s1 becomes taut again, the height h through
which the mass M1 falls freely and the speed v1 of the mass M1 just after the string
s1 is taut.
(b) At time t = t1 , M2 is released with the same speed v1 in a direction perpendicular
to the string in anticlockwise sense. Find the velocity of both the masses just before
they collide.
(c) Will the string s1 be taut immediately after the collision?
(d) If M1 = M2 and the collision is perfectly elastic, what is the maximum height attained
by the mass M1 relative to the point of collision?
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Q.14 Find the total stiffness coefficient of the spring system shown in the figure if an
external force is applied to the upper platform in the vertical direction. The ladder
on which the springs rest is endless. All platforms, when compressed by springs,
retain horizontal position and do not touch the stairs. Each of the platforms, except
the upper one, is supported by two springs. The stiffness coefficients of all springs
are the same and equal to k, the axes of all springs are vertical. The weights of
springs and platforms can be neglected.
√
Answer = keq = k + 2k1 = 5k
Q.15 In the diagram shown below, there are a total of 48 resistors, each having a
resistance value of R0 . This regular and symmetrical geometry is known as Deltoid’s
Icosahedrons. The thick lines are out of the plane and thin lines are into the plane.
What is the effective resistance of this circuit across AB?
