GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC JALNA
TITLE : ROBOTICS.
MENTOR : V.V. Gaddamwar Sir.
SUBMITTED BY :
1. Pandit Ishika V. (27)
2. Shaikh Muskan N. (52)
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF : V.V. Gaddamwar Sir.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Types Of Robots
3. History Of Robotics
4. Components Of Robotics.
5. Importance Of Robotics
6. Conclusion
7. Reference.
Introduction
Robotics is an interdisciplinary field that
combines engineering, computer science, and
artificial intelligence to design, build, and operate
machines capable of performing tasks
automatically. These machines, known as robots,
can perform complex operations with minimal or
no human intervention. Robotics plays a
significant role in various industries, including
manufacturing, healthcare, defense, and space
exploration.
The primary goal of robotics is to improve
efficiency, enhance precision, and reduce human
effort in repetitive, hazardous, or labor-intensive
tasks.
Over the years, the development of robotics has
revolutionized industries by introducing
automation, artificial intelligence, and machine
learning, enabling robots to perform tasks with
human-like intelligence.
With advancements in AI and machine learning,
modern robots are becoming more sophisticated,
capable of learning, adapting, and making
decisions. They can analyze data, recognize
patterns, and respond to different scenarios,
making them essential in today’s technological
era.
Types of Robots
Robots can be classified based on their functions,
applications, and structural design. Some of the
major types of robots include:
1. Industrial Robots:
Industrial robots are widely used in
manufacturing, assembly lines, and production
facilities. They perform tasks such as welding,
painting, packaging, and quality control. These
robots improve efficiency, reduce human labor,
and minimize errors in production. Companies
like Tesla, Toyota, and General Motors rely on
industrial robots to automate their manufacturing
processes, leading to increased productivity and
precision.
2. Humanoid Robots:
Humanoid robots are designed to resemble
humans in appearance and behavior. They can
interact with people, recognize emotions, and
perform tasks that require social intelligence.
Examples include Sophia, the AI-powered robot
developed by Hanson Robotics, and ASIMO,
created by Honda. These robots are used in
customer service, education, and healthcare to
assist people in various tasks.
3. Autonomous Robots:
Autonomous robots operate independently
without direct human control. They use sensors,
cameras, and AI algorithms to navigate and make
decisions. Examples include self-driving cars,
robotic vacuum cleaners .
4 . Medical Robots:
Medical robots assist doctors and healthcare
professionals in performing surgeries, diagnosing
diseases, and providing patient care. The Da
Vinci Surgical System is an advanced medical
robot that enables surgeons to perform minimally
invasive procedures with high precision.
5. Military and Defense Robots:
Robots play a crucial role in defense and
security. They are used for surveillance, bomb
disposal, reconnaissance, and combat operations.
Drones, also known as Unmanned Aerial
Vehicles (UAVs), are extensively used in
military operations for intelligence gathering and
targeted strikes.
History of Robotics
The history of robotics spans centuries,
evolving from simple mechanical devices to
highly advanced AI-driven machines.
Ancient Times: The concept of automated
machines dates back to ancient civilizations.
Greek engineer Hero of Alexandria designed
mechanical devices powered by steam and water.
15th Century: Leonardo da Vinci conceptualized
a humanoid robot in his sketches. His design
included gears and pulleys that could mimic
human movements.
18th-19th Century: The Industrial Revolution
introduced mechanical automation, leading to the
development of textile machines, steam engines,
and early robotic prototypes.
20th Century: Robotics became a formal
discipline with the invention of Unimate, the first
industrial robot, in 1956. It was used in
automobile manufacturing to automate repetitive
tasks.
21st Century: AI, machine learning, and IoT
have transformed robotics. Robots now assist in
healthcare, research, and space exploration,
making them an integral part of modern society.
Robotics Components
A robot consists of multiple components that
enable it to function effectively. These
components include:
Sensors: Detect external stimuli such as light,
sound, temperature, and obstacles. Examples
include infrared sensors, ultrasonic sensors, and
cameras.
Actuators: Convert electrical signals into
movement. These include motors, hydraulic
systems, and pneumatic actuators.
Control System: The "brain" of the robot,
consisting of microcontrollers and AI algorithms
that process information and make decisions.
Power Supply: Provides energy for the robot to
operate. This can be in the form of batteries, solar
panels, or electrical power.
End Effectors: The tools or hands used by the
robot to interact with objects. Examples include
robotic arms, grippers, and surgical instruments.
Software & AI: Programs that control the
robot’s actions and responses. AI enables robots
to learn, adapt, and perform tasks efficiently.
Importance of Robotics
Robotics has a significant impact on various
industries and aspects of life:
Enhancing Efficiency: Robots perform tasks
faster and with greater accuracy than humans,
leading to increased productivity.
Reducing Human Effort: Robots take over
dangerous and repetitive tasks, minimizing
workplace injuries.
Advancing Healthcare: Robotic-assisted surgeries
and rehabilitation devices improve patient
outcomes.
Improving Manufacturing: Robots streamline
production, reducing labor costs and improving
product quality.
Expanding Scientific Exploration: Robots explore
deep oceans and outer space, gathering valuable
scientific data.
Supporting Everyday Life: Home automation
robots help with cleaning, security, and personal
assistance.
Conclusion
Robotics is a rapidly evolving field that
continues to revolutionize industries and improve
human life. With advancements in AI, robotics is
becoming more intelligent, adaptive, and capable
of performing complex tasks. The future of
robotics holds immense potential in sectors such
as healthcare, space exploration, defense, and
everyday automation.
As robots become more integrated into
society, it is essential to strike a balance between
automation and human employment.
Governments and industries must work together
to create policies that promote the ethical use of
robotics while ensuring job security and
economic growth.
References
• "Introduction to Robotics" - John J. Craig.
• IEEE Spectrum - Robotics and AI Research.
• NASA Robotics Exploration Programs.
• Various online resources on robotics
technology.
• AI and Robotics Journal.
