Road Engineering For Development

This disc contains a compilation of high quality research outputs funded by the UK
Department for International Development and distributed through the global Transport
Knowledge Partnership. Please freely copy and distribute this CD-ROM in whole or in
part.

Documents are in Adobe Portable Document Format (pdf).

Overseas Road Notes

The TRL Overseas Road Notes are a series of manuals and guidelines prepared for use by
professionals working in the field of transport in developing countries and countries in
transition. The information contained within the ORNs represents the most up to date
thinking on good engineering, transport safety, environmental mitigation and transport
planning practice applicable in such countries.

The Overseas Road Note series dates from 1981. They are an ad hoc series covering a
range of topics reflecting the types of work being carried out at a particular time. They do
not conform to any 'master plan' and are therefore numbered simply according to order of
publication. The exception in the numbering system is Overseas Road Note 31. This
originated in the TRL Road Note series as RN 31 and the number became firmly
associated with the title. Thus, when the ORN series come into being and incorporated
RN 31, the guide was allowed to retain its original number.

The Overseas Road Notes mostly remain current for many years and do not require
regular updating. However, they are revised when necessary. The titles are as follows :

ORN 1 Road maintenance management for district engineers

ORN 2 Maintenance techniques for district engineers
ORN 3 A guide to surface dressing in tropical and sub-tropical countries
ORN 4 Field survey techniques and analysis for urban bus operators

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ORN 5 A guide to road project appraisal
ORN 6 A guide to geometric design
ORN 7 Vol 1 A Guide to Bridge Inspection and Data Systems for District Engineers
Vol 2 Bridge Inspector's Handbook
ORN 9 A Design Manual for Small Bridges
ORN 10 Costing Road Accidents in Developing Countries
ORN 11 Urban Road Traffic Surveys
ORN 12 Design Guidelines for Busway Transit
ORN 13 The Use of Traffic Signals in Developing Cities
ORN 14 Hydrological Design Manual for Slope Stability in The Tropics
ORN 15 Guidelines for The Design and Operation of Road Management Systems
ORN 16 Principles of Low Cost Road Engineering in Mountainous Regions
ORN 17 Road Safety Education in Developing Countries Guidelines for Good
Practice in Primary Schools
ORN 18 A Guide to The Pavement Evaluation and Maintenance of Bitumen-surfaced
Roads in Tropical and Sub-tropical Countries
ORN 19 A Guide to The Design of Hot Mix Asphalt in Tropical and Sub-tropical
Countries
ORN 20 Management of Rural Road Networks
ORN 21 Enhancing the Mobility of Dissabled People: Guidelines for Practitioners
ORN 22 A Guide to Pro-poor Transport Appraisal. The Inclusion of Social Benefits in
Road Investment Appraisal
ORN 31 A Guide to The Structural Design of Bitumen-surfaced Roads in Tropical and
Sub tropical Coutries
ORN 40 A Guide to Axle Load Surveys and Traffic Counts for Determining Traffic
Loading on Pavements

International Road Maintenance Handbooks

The "Road Maintenance Handbook" first appeared in the early 1970's under sponsorship
by the governments of France, Germany and Britain, and published by the Economic
Commission for Africa. It comprised three volumes and was available in French and
English. The Handbook was written for maintenance foremen and workers in Africa. Its
purpose was to give instruction in maintenance techniques to the men and women at the

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operational level to ensure that they are suitably skilled to carry out their work, while also
encouraging their interest and motivation. Its clear and concise style soon made it widely
popular and it became used far beyond Africa, serving as a training guide as well as a
maintenance manual. Furthermore, it helped to bring home the maintenance message to
those engaged at policy level.

The past thirty years have seen a much greater prominence given to maintenance, with
corresponding emphasis on maintenance policy and management. The Handbook series
was revised in the 1980's in the light of its broad appeal and world wide readership. It
was expanded to four volumes, to strengthen the Handbook's international application.
The range of maintenance problems addressed was extended to incorporate more
information on labour and tractor-based techniques, the development of manpower
management, and safety on site.

The review was funded by DFID, with the collaboration and assistance of PIARC (World
Road Association) and the World Bank. PIARC has always recognised the importance of
maintaining a nation's road network in order that the road system can fulfil its vital role in
the country's economy. Now PIARC has taken over the copyright and takes responsibility
for publishing the Handbook as an example of international best practice.

Volume 1 Maintenance of Roadside Areas and Drainage

Volume 2 Maintenance of Unpaved Roads
Volume 3 Maintenance of Paved Roads
Volume 4 Maintenance of Structures and Traffic Control Devices

Cost and Safety Efficient Design

The Cost and Safety Efficient (CaSE) design notes have been produced to assist road
designers in developing countries to balance the 'cost-conscious' and 'safety-conscious'
approaches to design. Four CaSE notes have been produced as follows:

CaSE 1/01 Surface Water Drainage Channels

CaSE 2/01 Horizontal Curves
CaSE 3/01 Vulnerable Road Users
CaSE 4/01 Roadside, Village and Ribbon Development

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Manual for the Labour-Based construction of
bituminous surfacings on low-volume roads

This manual is a guide to the construction of new bituminous

surfacings on unpaved low trafficked roads in tropical countries
using labour-based methods. It is aimed at local governments
officials and their staff, and small-scale contractors who are
responsible for carrying out the work employing mainly local
labour.

Towards Safer Roads In Developing Countries

A Guide for Planners and Engineers

This document outlines the different stages involved in planning

and designing road networks and introduces safety conscious
design principles so that professionals and decision-makers in
developing countries can be given some practical guidance on
how to make their road networks safer. Guidance on "Accident
Prevention" is given by highlighting the key, safety-related
factors which need to be incorporated when planning, designing
and operating road networks. Advice is also given on "Accident
Reduction" by showing how hazardous locations can be
analysed and what types of countermeasures can be used to
reduce accidents at such locations.

This Guide draws heavily upon existing geometric and traffic engineering design
practices in a number of developing and developed countries. The main reference
documents used in preparing the Guide are listed in Appendix A. Extracts have been
taken freely from such documents and, where necessary, these have been amended and
modified for application in developing countries. Due acknowledgement has been given
where substantial portions of text or diagrams were adapted for use in this document but
the authors also acknowledge a debt of gratitude to the many other publications consulted
during the preparation process.

The document is intended only to highlight the key elements of planning. design and
operation of road networks which influence road safety. It is based in part, on the

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experiences and standards in use in the developed countries and, in part, on the extensive
practical experience of a very large number of professionals with direct experience of
working and living in developing countries. The Guide does not, therefore, rigorously
follow the design standards of the industrialised countries. It draws heavily upon the
accumulated knowledge and expertise of professionals with direct practical experience of
working on road or traffic related projects in the developing world.

UKDCP 2.2
Dynamic Cone Penetrometer Analysis Software

UK DCP 2.2 is a software tool that can be used to analyse and

interpret data collected using Dynamic Cone Penetrometer
(DCP). This software is not intended to replace normal
engineering judgement. The procedures used are intended for
users who already have a thorough understanding of DCP
analysis and are capable of deciding which method of analysis is
most appropriate for individual situations.

System Requirements
Processor - 400Mhz
Memory - 64MB
Hard disk space - 45MB
Operating System - Microsoft Windows 98/2000/me/NT/XP

To run UK DCP 2.2 successfully on PCs with Windows 98 or Windows ME an

additional Microsoft data access component is required. Click on the 'Install MDAC' icon
on the right to install the component for Windows 98 or Windows ME.

Installation of UK DCP 2.2 software and manual

Please note that:

• Before installing UK DCP uninstall any previous versions of UK DCP and delete
or move the UK DCP directory (if any) from program files;
• While opening UK DCP for the first time, an error message will appear. Press OK
and continue;
• After Design Sections have been defined in this version, today's date will not be
present in the Sectioning column of the Test Manager. However, UK DCP will
operate in all other respects as described in the Manual.

After checking the above requirements, click the 'Install UK DCP' icon and follow the
on-screen instructions to complete the instalation.

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Social Benefits Software Tool
For use with Road Investment Models

Many social benefits are difficult to quantify, let alone to value

in money terms, using current tools and techniques. The
challenge is to develop a comprehensive appraisal system that is
flexible and capable of combining both quantitative and
qualitative benefits, and monetised and non-monetised benefits
into a single analytical framework.

Associated with Overseas Road Note 22, a suitable framework

has been developed, based on multi-criteria analysis (MCA)
principles and incorporated into a computerised software tool.
This tool provides a means of assessing the social consequences
of different transport investment projects, standards, strategies and policies. In particular,
the results of analysis carried out using this newly-developed tool can be used within
globally accepted road appraisal models, such as HDM-4.

Click on the 'Install' icon on the right to install the software. The user guide can be
viewed by clicking on the "Open" icon.

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