Directorate of Distance Education

SwamiVivekanandSubhartiUniversity
IIYear

CourseCode : MBA-IT-1

CourseTitle : Data base Management System

AssignmentNo. : MBA-IT-1
Maximum Marks : 30

Attempt any 5 questions from the given 10 questions.

All questions carry equal marks.

Q1. What is Management System?

A Management System refers to a set of policies, processes, and procedures used by an

organization to ensure that it can fulfill all tasks required to achieve its objectives. These
systems often involve the organization of resources (human, financial, technological), the
definition of responsibilities, and the establishment of rules and guidelines for how to perform
various activities. Examples include Quality Management Systems (QMS), Environmental
Management Systems (EMS), and Information Security Management Systems (ISMS). In the
context of the question, it might also broadly refer to a Database Management System (DBMS)
as a system for managing data.

Q2. What are the database system applications in DBMS?

Database Management Systems (DBMS) are used in a wide variety of applications across
almost all industries. Here are some common database system applications:

* Banking and Finance: Managing customer accounts, transactions, loans, credit cards, and
online banking.

* Airlines: Reservations, flight schedules, passenger information, and crew management.

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 * Universities/Education: Student registration, course catalogs, grades, faculty information, and
library management.

* Sales/E-commerce: Customer records, product inventories, sales orders, online shopping

carts, and personalized recommendations.

* Manufacturing: Production planning, inventory control, supply chain management, and order
tracking.

* Human Resources: Employee records, payroll, benefits, recruitment, and training.

* Telecommunications: Call records, network management, billing systems, and customer

service.

* Healthcare: Patient records, appointment scheduling, medical billing, and research data.

* Online Services: Social media platforms, search engines, and streaming services rely heavily
on databases to store user data, content, and preferences.

Q3. What are the main purposes of a database system?

The main purposes of a database system (DBMS) are to:

* Store and Manage Data: Provide a structured and organized way to store large amounts of
data efficiently and effectively.

* Retrieve and Query Data: Allow users to easily access, retrieve, and query specific data based
on various criteria.

* Ensure Data Integrity: Maintain the accuracy, consistency, and reliability of data by enforcing
rules and constraints (e.g., data types, primary keys, foreign keys).

* Control Data Redundancy: Minimize the duplication of data, which helps save storage space
and prevents inconsistencies that can arise from multiple copies of the same information.

* Provide Data Security: Offer mechanisms to protect data from unauthorized access,
modification, or deletion through features like user authentication, authorization, and encryption.

* Facilitate Data Sharing: Allow multiple users and applications to access and share the same
data concurrently, while ensuring data consistency.

* Support Data Concurrency: Manage simultaneous access by multiple users to the same data,
preventing conflicts and ensuring data consistency.

* Enable Data Recovery: Provide mechanisms for backup and recovery of data in case of
system failures, hardware malfunctions, or data corruption.

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Q4. What are the major advantages of DBMS?

The major advantages of using a Database Management System (DBMS) over traditional file-
processing systems include:

* Reduced Data Redundancy: Minimizes the duplication of data, leading to less storage space
and fewer inconsistencies.

* Improved Data Consistency: Enforces data integrity rules, ensuring that data is accurate and
consistent across the database.

* Enhanced Data Sharing: Allows multiple users and applications to access and share the same
data concurrently, promoting collaboration.

* Better Data Security: Provides robust security features like access control, authentication, and
authorization to protect data from unauthorized access.

* Efficient Data Retrieval: Offers powerful querying capabilities (e.g., SQL) to quickly retrieve
and manipulate data.

* Data Independence: Separates the logical view of data from its physical storage, meaning
changes in physical storage do not affect application programs.

* Backup and Recovery: Provides built-in mechanisms for backing up data and recovering it in
case of system failures.

* Reduced Development Time: DBMS provides tools and features that simplify application
development, as developers don't have to write code for data storage and retrieval from scratch.

* Data Integrity and Atomicity: Ensures that transactions are processed reliably (all or nothing),
maintaining data integrity.

Q5. What are the 3 levels of data abstraction?

The 3 levels of data abstraction in a Database Management System (DBMS) are:

* Physical Level (Internal Level):

* This is the lowest level of abstraction.

* It describes how the data is actually stored on the physical storage devices (e.g., hard drives,
SSDs).

* It specifies details such as file organization, indexing, data compression, and the physical
location of records.

* Database administrators (DBAs) and specialized system programmers typically work at this

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level.

* Users and application programmers are generally unaware of this level of detail.

* Conceptual Level (Logical Level):

* This is the next higher level of abstraction.

* It describes what data is stored in the database and the relationships among that data.

* It represents the entire database in terms of entities, attributes, and relationships, without
going into physical storage details.

* It defines the schema (the overall logical structure) of the database.

* Database designers and DBAs typically work at this level.

* It provides a global view of the database.

* View Level (External Level):

* This is the highest level of abstraction.

* It describes only a part of the entire database that is relevant to a particular user or
application program.

* It provides a customized and simplified view of the database, hiding irrelevant data and
details of the conceptual and physical levels.

* Users interact with the database through these views.

* Multiple views can exist for the same conceptual schema, tailored to different user needs.

* For example, an accounting department might see only financial data, while HR sees only
employee data.