Instructor Materials
Chapter 6 Create an IoT
Solution
IoT Fundamentals
Connecting Things v2.01
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Chapter 6 - Sections & Objectives
▪ 6.1 Become a Global Problem Solver
• Investigate real-world social or environmental problems.
▪ 6.2 Design a Solution
• Design an IoT solution that addresses a real-world social or
environmental problem.
▪ 6.3 Build, Test & Document a simple IoT System
• Create an IoT system.
▪ 6.4 The Business Aspects
• Design a plan to market an IoT solution.
▪ 6.5 What is Next?
• Explain how to continue your learning about the IoT.
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6.1 Become a Global
Problem Solver
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Become a Global Problem Solver
6.1.1 Solving Global Problems
▪ Organizations Doing Global Good
• Global problems include the burning of fossil fuels, air pollution, oceans becoming more
acidic, climate change, poverty, hunger, disease, gender inequality, and access to water
and sanitation.
• Some companies and organizations provide funds to help these global problems such as
the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and The Musk Foundation.
▪ The Millennium development Goals
• In 2000, leaders from 189 countries made a list of 8 goals to be achieved in 15 years.
• These eight goals were called the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).
• United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) is working on fulfilling these goals.
▪ Progress on MDGs so far:
• People who live on less than $1.25 per day has dropped by more than half.
• Young children going to school is up by almost half.
• People receiving HIV treatment increased by over 15 times.
• Lowered child mortality rate by almost half.
o .
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Become a Global Problem Solver
Solving Global Problems (Cont.)
▪ The Sustainable Development Goals
• In 2015, 189 world leaders at the United Nations
Sustainable Development Summit unanimously
adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development.
• The result was a set of 17 Sustainable Development
Goals (SDGs).
• These new SDGs go much further than the MDGs.
• They are addressing the root causes of poverty and
the universal need for development that works for all
people.
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Become a Global Problem Solver
6.1.2 Globally Transformative Breakthrough Technologies
▪ Lawrence Berkeley National Lab
• The Lawrence Berkeley National Lab (LBNL).
• The Institute of Globally Transformative Technologies (LIGTT) (pronounced ‘light’) is
part of LBNL and was created in 2012.
• The goal of LIGTT is to leverage LBNL’s resources to develop and deploy breakthrough
technologies for sustainable global development.
▪ Institute of Globally Transformative Technologies
• The LIGTT released a top "50 Breakthroughs" study
in 2014.
• Identified some of the most important breakthrough
technologies that are required for sustainable global
development.
• LIGTT aims to develop many of these breakthroughs.
Achieving this will make substantial impacts on
poverty.
• Breakthrough #42 is directly related to using the IoT
to enable new services.
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6.2 Designing a Solution
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Become a Global Problem Solver
6.2.1 Designing Solutions
▪ The Engineering Design Process
• How can we help solve global challenges?
• The engineering design process is a proven method.
• The five steps are cyclical (repeated) which means that they can be repeated as many
times as needed to make improvements in the
design process.
o Inspire/Empathize
o Define/Ideate
o Prototype
o Test/Refine
o Present/Communicate.
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Become a Global Problem Solver
6.2.1 Designing Solutions (Cont.)
▪ Security Design
• Security should be included from the
beginning, in the design phase.
• Ensure new devices facilitate software updates
and all hidden backdoors are removed
• On pre-manufactured devices used in projects
ensure the following:
o Default passwords/usernames are changed.
o UPnP(Universal Plug n Play: a network standard that allow devices to discover and
communicate with each other on a network) is disabled
on IoT devices if possible.
o Remote device management is protected
with strong passwords and access limited
to trusted personnel.
o Ensure all devices are updated with the latest software updates and patches.
o Ensure all devices support and use encryption and certificates.
o Secure the physical location of IoT devices as much as possible.
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6.3 Create an IoT System
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Create an IoT System
6.3.1 THE IoT System Project
▪ Project Overview
• Identify a problem that can be solved by an IoT device.
• Example used: building a device that senses the amount of light
and determines sunrise and sunset. (street light)
▪ The Circuit Layout
• Electronic components have specific power, polarity, and connection requirements.
• The circuit layout identifies/describes these requirements.
• Sunrise/sunset example requires a voltage divider - produces an output voltage that is a
fraction of its input voltage by distributing the input voltage among the components of the
divider.
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Create an IoT System
6.3.1 THE IoT System Project (cont’d)
▪ REST API in an IoT System
• REST APIs use HTTP methods to exchange data
between systems or applications
• RESTful systems use Uniform Resource Identifiers
(URIs) to represent their services to external
systems.
• Sample URIs:
o GET /people/michael to receive Michael's user
profile dataset
o POST /people/michael to update Michael's
profile with new data.
• The IFTTT web service allows for special resource URIs to be created and mapped to
specific IFTTT actions.
• Example IFTTT URI - https://maker.ifttt.com/trigger/SunRise/with/key/
• The sunrise/sunset example uses both IFTTT and Google Calendar services
• IFTT (If This Then That) is a powerful tool in the IoT ecosystem, enabling seamless
integration and automation between various smart devices and services.
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Create an IoT System
6.3.1 THE IoT System Project (cont’d)
▪ Flowcharts, Electronic Schematics, and Sequence Diagrams
• Documenting project is very important for building the devices, testing, troubleshooting,
and creating a business model.
• Flowcharts use standardized symbols to represent the processes
and workflows.
• Electronic schematics is a graphical representation of a circuit
diagram using internationally standardized components.
• Sequence diagrams represent interactions between entities along a
timeline.
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Create an IoT System
6.3.1 THE IoT System Project (cont’d)
▪ The Code
• The sunrise/sunset example is written in Python using a Raspberry Pi
• The Arduino is connected to the Raspberry Pi.
• The programming is done on the Raspberry Pi to send the level of voltage drop from the
Arduino to the RaPi.
• Firmata, a generic protocol for communicating with microcontrollers, is used to
communicate between the Arduino firmware and the RaPi.
• The Python code used for the sunrise/sunset example is explained line by line.
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Create an IoT System
6.3.2 THE IoT System Prototype
▪ Overview of the Problem
• Simple problem identified that can be solved by an IoT system: remote access to
determine if garage door is open or closed
o Switch can determine if a door is open or closed
o Switch attaches to a controller – which keeps track of switch status
o Controller connected to Internet to provide remote access
▪ Prototyping and testing System
• Create electronic schematic, flowchart, and sequence diagram for prototype
• Packet Tracer 7 used to create and test the
prototype.
• Update documentation once prototype works
successfully.
• Documenting is important not only for future
reference but also for situations where
marketing material or patent applications are
to be created.
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6.4 The Business Aspects
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Business Model Canvas
6.4.1 Business Model Canvas
▪ Business Model Canvas Overview
• Helps organizations and entrepreneurs map, discuss, design, and invent
new business models.
• A business model consists of nine building blocks:
o Customer Segments, Value Proposition, Channels, Customer
Relationships, Revenue Stream, Key Resources, Key Activities, Key
Partnerships and Cost Structure.
▪ Customer Interface
• Customer Interface is comprised by Customer Segments, Value
Proposition, Channels, Customer Relationship.
▪ Infrastructure Management
• Defines how to build the value proposition.
• Key Resources, Key Activities, and Key Partnerships make up the
Infrastructure Management.
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Business Model Canvas
6.4.1 Business Model Canvas (Cont.)
▪ Business Finances
• Include the cost structure and revenue streams created by the value proposition.
▪ Business Model Canvas Example
• Example of a completed business model
canvas for a custom computer
manufacturer.
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6.5 What is Next?
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What is Next?
6.5.1 Lifelong Learning
▪ 21st Century Skills
• 21st century job market is now looking for employees who can accomplish one or more
job roles such as: design a project, prototype a device, create and maintain
documentation, and create a business plan.
▪ IoT employees also need learning
and innovation skills
o Creativity and innovation
o Critical thinking and problem
solving
o Communication
o Collaboration
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What is Next?
6.5.1 Lifelong Learning (cont’d)
▪ Resources for Continued Learning
• There are many resources available to enable you to continue learning
about the IoT including:
o Cisco Networking Academy
o Cisco Learning Network
o Cisco DevNet
o IEEE Computer Society (IEEE-CS) and the Association for
Computing Machinery (ACM)
o Many other online resources including forums, wikis, blogs, and
more
o There are also IoT communities of practice consisting of other like-
minded individuals who want to share ideas with others.
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6.6 Chapter Summary
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Chapter Summary
Summary
▪ There are many global social and environmental problems that can be solved by IoT
systems. The Institute for Globally Transformative Technologies (LIGTT) has compiled a list
of 50 breakthrough technologies that will drastically improve the work on these global
problems.
▪ The Engineering Design Process is a proven method to develop a product.
▪ The first step to design an IoT solution is to identify a problem that can be solved with an
IoT device. To test the idea, a prototype could be built simply by using a Raspberry Pi with
an attached Arduino. To provide an example, a sunrise/sunset tracker was built.
▪ Another prototype was designed on Packet Tracer to remotely check to see if the garage
door was open or closed..
▪ Documentation is very important component of any project. Flowcharts, Electronic
Schematics and sequence diagrams are often used to provide documentation.
▪ The Business Model Canvas helps organizations and entrepreneurs map, discuss,
design, and invent new business models based on a value proposition, customer interface,
infrastructure management, and finances
▪ IoT professionals should be individuals who espouse life-long learning. They need to be
flexible, take the initiative, lead when necessary, and be able to produce something new
and useful
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