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File Handling

The document provides C++ code examples for file operations including writing to a file, reading from a file, appending to a file, checking if a file exists and clearing its contents, and reading/writing binary files with structures. Each section includes a brief explanation of the code functionality and demonstrates the use of file streams. The examples cover basic file handling techniques essential for managing file input and output in C++.

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7 views3 pages

File Handling

The document provides C++ code examples for file operations including writing to a file, reading from a file, appending to a file, checking if a file exists and clearing its contents, and reading/writing binary files with structures. Each section includes a brief explanation of the code functionality and demonstrates the use of file streams. The examples cover basic file handling techniques essential for managing file input and output in C++.

Uploaded by

chattaanply
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Writing to a File
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
ofstream file("example.txt"); // Create and open a file

if (file.is_open()) {
file << "Hello, this is a test file.\n";
file << "This is line 2.\n";
file.close(); // Close the file
cout << "File written successfully.\n";
} else {
cout << "Error opening file.\n";
}

return 0;
}

2. Reading from a File


#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main() {
ifstream file("example.txt");
string line;

if (file.is_open()) {
while (getline(file, line)) {
cout << line << endl;
}
file.close();
} else {
cout << "Unable to open file.\n";
}

return 0;
}
3. Append to a File
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
ofstream file("example.txt", ios::app); // Open in append mode

if (file.is_open()) {
file << "This is an appended line.\n";
file.close();
cout << "Line appended successfully.\n";
} else {
cout << "Error opening file.\n";
}

return 0;
}

4. Check if File Exists and Clear Contents


#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <filesystem>
using namespace std;
namespace fs = std::filesystem;

int main() {
string filename = "example.txt";

if (fs::exists(filename)) {
cout << filename << " exists. Clearing contents...\n";
ofstream file(filename, ios::trunc); // Open in truncate mode
file.close();
} else {
cout << filename << " does not exist.\n";
}

return 0;
}
5. Read and Write with Structures (Binary Files)
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;

struct Student {
char name[50];
int age;
float gpa;
};

int main() {
Student s1 = {"Alice", 20, 3.8};

// Write binary
ofstream outFile("student.dat", ios::binary);
outFile.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&s1), sizeof(s1));
outFile.close();

// Read binary
Student s2;
ifstream inFile("student.dat", ios::binary);
inFile.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&s2), sizeof(s2));
inFile.close();

cout << "Student: " << s2.name << ", Age: " << s2.age << ", GPA: " <<
s2.gpa << endl;

return 0;
}

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