International Journal of Enhanced Research in Educational Development (IJERED)
ISSN: 2320-8708, Vol. 11 Issue 4, July-August, 2023, Impact Factor: 7.326
Haryana Police Investigation Officers (I.O.)
Dr. Sanjeet Malik
(NET Qualified)
ABSTRACT
When the police get a first information report (FIR) or become aware of a crime, they begin an investigation.
During this inquiry, they may speak with witnesses, record their statements, and gather further types of
evidence, such as fingerprints, stolen property, and murder weapons. If the evidence gathered leads the
police to believe that a person (or persons) is (are) guilty of the reported crime, the police file a charge-sheet
against the individual(s) in the appropriate criminal court (often a magistrates court).There is an
Investigation Officer in the Police Department who looks into all these things and writes about them after
investigation. The words written by the Investigation Officer are further debated in the court and the court
gives its verdict only on the words written by the Investigation Officer.
INTRODUCTION
The term "investigating officer" refers to the individual who has been chosen by the monitoring officer to conduct
the inquiry. Investigating officers are cautioned against jumping to conclusions about the truth before all the
evidence is in, either for or against, them. The investigating officer's first goal should be to discover the truth, and in
order to do so, it is essential that they keep an open mind throughout the inquiry. One of the police's key
responsibilities is to look into every report of a crime. As part of the investigation, witness testimonies are written
down and various kinds of evidence are gathered. police are under pressure to draw a conclusion from the
investigation. If the police think the evidence supports the accused's guilt, they will file a charge sheet in court.
Whether a person is guilty or innocent should be decided by the judge, not the police. Everyone is subject to the
law, including the police, because of the rule of law. Police investigations must be conducted with the utmost
respect for human rights and in accordance with the law. The Supreme Court has established standards that police
officers must follow while making arrests, holding people, and questioning them. Police cannot beat, shoot, or
torture anybody while conducting an inquiry. They are powerless to penalize anyone in any way, not even for minor
transgressions.
The authority of the police to conduct an investigation and other relevant details are contained in Chapter XII of the
Criminal Procedure Code, 1973. These abilities could involve both cognizable and non-cognizable problems, as
well as problems relating to crimes like suicide, animal homicide, accidents, etc. The Criminal Procedure Code's
Section 156 grants police officers broad and unrestricted investigative authority, provided they strictly adhere to
Chapter XII's rules. In such instances, even the courts are not justified in erasing the trail of the investigation. In
other words, they have no influence over the investigation or the police's decision to conduct it. However, if a
police officer goes beyond the set parameters and incorrectly or illegally exerts his authority in connection with an
investigation, the Court has the required authority to assess the nature and severity of the violation and issue the
necessary directives. Therefore, the courts may only intervene in the investigation of crimes if doing so would lead
to a miscarriage of justice. The police may conduct an investigation at their own discretion, thus it is not required.
First Information Report(FIR)
Once a First Information Report (FIR) is submitted, the police can start their investigation into the crime. An
officer in charge of a police station is required by law to file a FIR when someone offers information about a
cognizable offense. This data could be communicated verbally or in writing to the police. The FIR often contains
the incident's date, time, and location in addition to the fundamental information about the crime, like a narrative
of what happened. If known, the names of the defendants and witnesses are also disclosed. In the FIR, the
complainant's name and address are also provided. If the complainant signs the necessary form, the police can
submit a FIR. A free copy of the police report is something that the complainant is legally entitled to.
Procedure for Investigation
The method to be used for an investigation is established by Section 157 of the Code. According to the clause, the
Magistrate with jurisdiction must be notified right once of any complaint or information pertaining to the
commission of a crime that is referred to an official in charge of a police station. A police officer is expected to
notify the magistrate who has the authority to try such cases as soon as he obtains information or has cause to
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International Journal of Enhanced Research in Educational Development (IJERED)
ISSN: 2320-8708, Vol. 11 Issue 4, July-August, 2023, Impact Factor: 7.326
suspect the occurrence of any cognizable offense. The magistrate has the authority to declare an offense to have
occurred and to direct any subordinate official to look into the location, circumstances, and facts of the case and
take the necessary steps to find and apprehend the suspect. The Magistrate receives the report in order to keep him
informed about the investigation so he can provide the necessary guidance. A police officer is required by Section
157 to send a report right away, which means that there can be no unjustified delay. Delay might alert the Court but
does not make the case dubious.
The authority granted to the police is to be given the utmost significance and cannot, therefore, be infringed upon
by any means. As in the case of S.N. Basak, the court found that the police had a legal right to proceed with the
investigation as specified in this chapter of the Criminal Procedure Code before the prosecution began. The court
also ruled that the rights granted to the police were unaffected by the courts' revision powers under Section 401 of
the Criminal Procedure Code or by Section 482 of the Saving of Evidence Act. The investigation process gets
started in this stage. All actions taken by a police officer to obtain evidence as specified by the Criminal Procedure
Code are considered to be part of the investigation process. As in the case of Kari Chaudhary v. Sita Devi, the court
is of the opinion that the goal of an investigation is to determine whether or not the claimed crime has truly been
committed, and if so, who is responsible. The police may not necessarily need to move on with the investigation
procedure right away when there is no evidence of a serious offense. If the police officer decides it is not necessary
to continue the investigation, they may choose not to. The report written by the police officer must precisely state
the reason why the investigative procedure is not being continued by the police. Information theory offers a helpful
viewpoint on the criminal investigative process (Willmer). According to information theory, the process of a
criminal investigation is similar to a conflict between the police and the criminal for information. The perpetrator
"signals," or leaves behind data of various kinds during the crime (fingerprints, eyewitness accounts, murder
weapon, etc.), which the police try to gather through investigative actions. The culprit will prevail if they are able to
reduce the quantity of information that the police are able to gather or if they can fool the police into not seeing the
information that has been left behind. The police will succeed if they are able to identify and catch the criminal
after gathering a sizable quantity of signals from him or her. The significance of information in a criminal
investigation is amplified by this viewpoint.
POLICE OFFICER’S POWER TO INVESTIGATE COGNIZABLE CASES
Without a magistrate's approval, any officer in charge of a police station may look into any cognizable case that a
court with jurisdiction over the local area within the station's boundaries would be authorized to look into or try
under the terms of the Criminal Procedure Code (1973). When an offense occurs at night, the investigating officer
should note in his inquiry if there was light present at the time of the offense. In the rough drawing of the scene of
the incident or the scene of the crime to be made on the criminal details form, he should make sure to clearly
indicate the position of electricity posts and lights (public area or private place) for this. The details pertaining to
the presence of light at the scene should be noted when documenting the statements of the incident's witnesses or
observation mahazar witnesses.
Objective
To examine the work of Investigation Officer of Haryana police.
Hypothesis
Even before one case is over, another is handed over to the investigation officer.
There is pressure from the officers on the investigation officers.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Data of this paper is based on Primary data. In this paper, Fifty Investigation Officer of police personnel have been
randomly selected from state of Haryana. These police personnel have been questioned about the Investigation
Officer work . Simple percentage method has been used in this paper. After collecting the data, data has been
analyzed and it has been find out that what is the Investigation Officer problems of police personnel in State of
Haryana.
Table of Primary Data
Yes No
Is it a desk job for an Investigation Officer? 3 47
Is the investigation officer given another case before the completion of one 50 0
case?
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International Journal of Enhanced Research in Educational Development (IJERED)
ISSN: 2320-8708, Vol. 11 Issue 4, July-August, 2023, Impact Factor: 7.326
Does the Investigating Officer bear the stationery expenses from his own 42 8
pocket?
Has the Government provided a vehicle to the Investigation Officer? 6 44
Does the Investigation Officer get extra salary or extra privileges from the 8 42
department?
Does the Investigation Officer do the work of investigation only? 0 50
There is pressure from the officers on the Investigation Officer to solve the 16 34
case as soon as possible and report to the officers.
FINDING
We found in our finding that 94% police personnel are of the opinion that Investigation Officer is not a desk
job whereas it is both a desk job and a field job.
All the investigation officers say that they are given another case even before finishing one case.
84% of the Investigation Officers believe that they buy stationery items from their own pocket. From the
Police Department.
There are 88% such investigation officers who believe that the government does not provide any means of
transport to them.
There are 84% such investigation officers who believe that they are not given extra salary. By the
Department of Investigation for this work.
All the Investigation Officers believe that they have been made Investigative Officers, so they should only
do the work of investigation, but they also have to work for the law and orders of the daily routine.
32% of the Investigation Officers are such that they believe that their officers put pressure on them to solve
case as soon as possible and report to them. On the contrary, 68% of such Investigation Officers who
believe that the officers do not put pressure on them. He works on his own accord to solve someone quickly
CONCLUSION
We found in our conclusion that Investigation Officer is a very important post. It is up to the Investigation Officer
to find out the innocent and get the guilty punished. He only catches the smallest details, sees them and writes them
down. We had told in our hypothesis that one work of the Investigation Officer does not end and another work is
given. We have found in our research paper that all the police personnel agree that the investigation officer is given
another job even before the completion of one work. So this our hypothesis is completely true. In our second
hypothesis it was said that there is pressure on the investigation officer. But this is not true because in our research
we have found that 32% of the Investigation Officers have said that they are pressured by the officer and on the
contrary, 68% of the Police Officers are the ones who have said that there is no pressure on them. Investigation
Officer is such a post which is very important. The police department should fix the cases of the investigation
officer and only after the completion of one case, another case should be handed over to the officer for
investigation. We found in our research that the investigation officer pays the stationery and transport expenses
from his own pocket. The police department should immediately give the money to the investigation officer.
REFERENCES
[1]. https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/what-is-the-role-of-the-police-in-investigating-a-crime/
[2]. https://uppolice.gov.in/article/en/investigation-tips-for-ios
[3]. https://blog.ipleaders.in/functioning-of-the-crime-investigation-department-cid-of-india/
[4]. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/role-of-police-in-investigation-a-crime/
[5]. https://www.legalserviceindia.com/legal/article-3535-powers-of-police-in-investigation.html#google_vignette
[6]. https://police.py.gov.in/Police%20manual/Chapter%20PDF/CHAPTER%2038%20Investigation.pdf
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