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The document discusses various aspects of human rights, including definitions, rights guaranteed by the Constitution, and the role of organizations like Amnesty International. It outlines fundamental rights such as the right against exploitation, the right to freedom of religion, and the right to constitutional remedies, while also addressing issues like child labor and trafficking. Additionally, it includes multiple-choice questions and short answer questions related to these rights and their implications in society.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
5 views36 pagesPoverty As A Challenge
The document discusses various aspects of human rights, including definitions, rights guaranteed by the Constitution, and the role of organizations like Amnesty International. It outlines fundamental rights such as the right against exploitation, the right to freedom of religion, and the right to constitutional remedies, while also addressing issues like child labor and trafficking. Additionally, it includes multiple-choice questions and short answer questions related to these rights and their implications in society.
Uploaded by
akbhabhisa23Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 36
,
Hea
E
t
i
i
t
k
i
E
(A)
Qt,
International : An international
organisation of volunteers, who campaign for human
rights. The organisation brings out independent
reports on the violation of the human rights all over
| the world,
Claim : Demand for legal or moral entitlements,
a person makes on fellow citizens, society or the
government.
Covenant : Promise made by individuals, groups
or countries to uphold a rule or principle. It is legally
ing on the signatories to the agreement or the
statement.
alit : A person, who belongs to the castes which
were considered low, and not touchable by others.
alts are also known by other names such as the
Scheduled Castes, Depressed Classes, etc.
Ethnic group : An ethnic group is a human
population whose members usually identify with each
other on the basis of a common ancestry. People
of an ethnic group are united by cultural practices,
religious beliefs and historical memories.
Traffic + Selling and buying of men, women or
__ children for immoral purposes.
Summon : An order issued by a court asking a
person to appear before it
Objectiv
Dest
e Type
estlons>
(1 Mark each)
Multiple Choice Questions :
Select the Correct Answer from the given
options.
What are rights ?
(a) Rights are claim:
fellow beings, over the
government.
(b) Rights are claims of a person over
beings.
5 of a person over other
society and over the
other fellow
°
°
Ans.
Q2.
75-P
Writ : A formal document containing an order of
the court to the government issued only by
Court or the Supreme Court.
Rights : Rights are those essential con:
life without which no man can lead a full, happy
and purposeful life.
Or
Rights are reasonable claims of persons recognised
by the society sanctioned by the law.
Preventive Detention Act : Preventive Detention
is to detain without trial so that a person may be
stopped from committing a crime.
Right against Exploitation : The Constitution
makes two main declarations against exploitation
which are as under :
(i) Prohibition of Traffic in Human Beings and
Forced Labour.
(i) Prohibition of Employment of Children in
Factories.
Right to Freedom of Religion : Right to freedom
of religion provides religious freedom to all the
Citizens of India.
Right to Constitutional Remedies : [tis through
this Right that all other Fundamental Rights are
safeguarded and arbitrary action of the state is
checked.
The Rule of Law : |t means that the laws apply
in the same manner to all, regardless of a person's
status.
i
(c) Rights are claims recognised by judiciary.
(4) Rights are claims of a person.
(a)
How many Fundamental Rights are
guaranteed to the citizens by our
Constitution ? [CBSE March 2011]
(a) 4 (b) 5
(c) 6 (d) 7
() a3.
Ans.
Qs,
Ans.
as.
Ans.
as.
Ans.
az.
Ans.
as.
Ans.
a9.
on RNP RC "9
Which of the following Is not
with Right to Freedom ?
(a) Freedom of speech and expres
() Assembly in a peaceful manner
(c) Form associations and unions
(d) Right to privacy
2)
Under which Fundamental Right, the
Constitution prohibits traffic In human
beings ?
(a) Right to Freedom
(b) Right against Exploitation
(c) Right to Equality
(d) Right to Freedom of Religion
(b)
Which Fundamental Right was called the
heart and soul of our Constitution ?
(a) Right to Constitutional Remedies
(b) Right to Equality
(0) Right to Freedom
(d) Cultural and Educational Right
(a)
What is PIL? [CBSE March 2012,13]
(a) Public Interest Litigation
(b) Public Information Litigation
(c) Public Interest Legislature
(d) Private Interest Litigation
(a)
The National Human Rights Commission is
an independent commission set up by the
law in the year: [CBSE March 2011]
(a) 1993 (b) 1995
(c) 1999 (4) 2001
(a)
Who called the right to Constitutional
Remedies is the heart and soul of the
Constitution ? [CBSE March 2011, 2012]
(a) J.L. Nehru (6) BR. Ambedkar
(c) Mahatma Gandhi (d) Rajendra Prasad
(b)
Which one of the following rights
available to the citizens of India and not to
the citizens of Saudi Arabia ?
(a) The country is ruled by a hereditary king,
(b) Citizens cannot form political parties.
(c) Women are subjected to many public
restrictions
(d) Citizens enjoy the freedom of reli
(d)
ion,
ociated .10. The right to
Ans.
ant.
Ans.
Q.12.
Ans.
a.13.
Ans.
14,
Ans.
ats.
Ans.
a.16.
Ans.
Q.17.
freedom is a cluster of how
many freedoms? [CBSE March 2011)
() 4 () 5
(o) 6 (a) 7
(o)
Which of the following secures the rights of
the eltizens ? {CBSE March 2011]
(a) Directive Principles of State Policy
(b) Right to equality
{c) Cultural and educational rights
(d) Right to constitutional remedy
(a) Right to freedom
(b) Right to equality
(c) Right against exploitation
(d) Right to constitutional remedies
(e)
The Indian Constitution prescribes
Fundamental Rights in :
(a) Part IIL (b) Part VIL
(c) Part V (d) Part IV
(a)
Which one of following is not a Civil Right ?
(a) Right to Vote (b) Right to Life
(c) Right to Equality (d) Right to Freedom
(a)
Which one of the following Fundamental
Rights make the other Fundamental Rights
[CBSE March 2012]
more effective ?
(a) Right to Freedom
(b) Right to Equality
(c) Right against Exploitation
(d) Right to Constitutional Remedies
(a)
Which of the following is not associated
with Right against Exploitation.
(a) Ban on Begar
(b) Ban on human trafficking
{c) Ban on untouchability
(d) Ban on Child labour
()
Which is following is not TRUE as regards
India being a secular state ?
(i) No official religion
(ii) No discrimination against people on the basis
of religion.
EVERGREEN Self-Study in Social Science9 »* Qs.
Ans.
a.
Ans.
as.
Ans
as.
Ans.
az.
Ans
as.
Ans.
09,
Ans.
Ter
Which of the folk
¢ following is not associated
‘with Right to Freedom ?
(2) Freedom of speech and expression
°) Assembly in a peaceful manner
Form associations and unions
Under which Fundamental Right, the
Constitution prohibits traffic in human
beings ?
a) Right to Freedom
Right against Exploitation
2 Religion
Which Fundamental Right was called the
heart and soul of our Consti
onal Re
What is PIL? [CBSE March 2012,13)
Litigation
tion Litigatic
The National Human Rights Commission is
an independent comm et up by ti
law in the year [CBSE March 2011]
a) 1997 b) 199%
Who called the right to Constitutional
Remedies is the heart and soul of the
Constitution ? (CBSE March 2011, 2012)
(a) JL. Nehru (b) BR Ambedkar
(c) Mahatma Gandhi (d). Rajendra Prasad
b)
Which one of the following rights is
available to the citizens of India and not to
the citizens of Saudi Arabia ?
(a) The country is ruled by a hereditary king,
(b) Citizens cannot form political partes,
(c) Women are subjected to many public
restrictions
(d) Citizens enjoy the freedom of religion,
(a)
a
Ans.
ant
Ans.
ars.
Ans.
a4.
Ans.
as.
Ans,
.16,
Ans.
az.
‘The right to freedom Is a cluster of how
many freedoms? [CBSE March 2011)
(a) 4 b) 5
(6 id) 7
Which of the following secures the rights of
the citizens ? (CBSE March 2011)
(a) Directive Principles of State’ Polley
b) Right to equali
(¢) Cultural and educational rights
(d) Right to constitutional remedy
‘Child Labour’ is banned under
The Indian Constitution prescribes
Fundamental Rights i
Which one of following is not a Civil Right ?
Which one of the following Fundamental
Rights make the other Fundamental Rights
CBSE March 2012]
Which of the following is mot associated
with Right against Exploitation,
(a) Ban on E
(b) Ban on human ta
(@) Ban on untouchab
(d) Ban on Chil labo
()
Which is following is not TRUE as regards
India being a secular state ?
(No official religion
(ii) No discrimination against people on the basis
of religion,
EVERGREEN Self-Study in Socal Science,
@
o ¢
ats
SF
a “ag. The reasonable claims of per,
a2 -cognised by the society sanctioned ty
the law. y
ans. Rights
UESTION >
BANK
a
a3.
Ans.
A formal document containing an order of
the court to the government issued only by
High Court or the Supreme Court.
Writ,
nr en
veRY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (1 OR 2 MARKS EACH) oa
af. What is Amnesty International ?
Ans. Amnesty International, an inter
shts organisation,
mati sa human
a2. Mention any two freedoms which you
might be enjoying in India but which are
not enjoyed by Saudi Arabian people ?
Ans. (i) Citizens cannot form political parties or any
political organisations.
(i) Media cannot report anything that the
monarch does not like.
Q3. Define rights. ICBSE 2015)
Ans. Rights are reasonable claims of persons over
other fellow beings over the society, and over the
government.
Q4. Define Fundamental Rights.
Ans. The Fundamental Rights are those basic
conditions which are considered essential for
the overall development of a person. These are
guaranteed under the Constitution.
Q5. ‘Some rights need to be placed higher than
the government’. Give reason.
Ans. Though it is the duty of each democratic
jovernment to protect the citizen's rights but
sometimes elected governments may not protect
‘or may even attack the rights of their own citizens.
That is why some rights need to be placed higher
than the government, so that the government
cannot violate these.
Q6. Define the rule of law. Do you think the rule
of law prevails in India ?
Ans. It means that the laws apply in the same manner
to all, regardless of a person's status. Yes, the rule
of law prevails in India, All are equal in the eyes
of law,
27, Mention any one exception to the Right
to Equality as a Fundamental Right, Give
reasons also.
Ans. ‘The State may make any special provision for
It is nec
women and children. sary to give
EVERGREEN Self-Study In Soclal Science-9 corona
~~
as.
Ans.
Q.10.
Ans.
ant.
Ans.
a2,
Ans.
a.13.
Ans.
ars,
Ans.
special treatment to some weaker sections of the
society in order to ensure equal opportunit:
What is trafficking ?
Selling and buying of men, women or children for
moral purposes.
Name the Fundamental Right under which
human trafficking is declared illegal.
Right against Exploitation.
What is begar ?
Begar is a practice where the worker is forced to
render service to the ‘master’ free of charge or at
‘a nominal remuneration. When this practice takes
place on a life-long basis, it is called the practice
of bonded labour.
“We have a right to seek the enforcement of
the Fundamental Right” Identify the Right.
Right to Constitutional Remedies.
What is a Writ ?
A formal document containing an order of the
court to the government issued only by High
Court or the Supreme Court.
What is a secular state? [CBSE 2015]
A secular state is one that does not establish any
‘one religion as official religion. For example India,
USA, England etc.
‘What is Public Interest Litigation ?
Under the PIL, any citizen or group of citizens can
approach the Supreme Court or a High Court
for the protection of public interest against a
particular law or action of the government. One
can write to the judges even on a postcard. The
court will take up the matter if the judges find it in
public interest,
. What are Human Rights ?
Human Rights are those rights, which are inherent
in our nature. Without these rights, we cannot live
as human beings. Human rights allow us to fully
dovelop and use our human qualities, intelligence,
talents and conscience. They allow us to satisfy our
spiritual and other needs,
vecmmeemmmeanarensat 79-P 7
Q.46. With reference to National Human
Right Commission, answer the following
questions :
() When was it established ?
(i!) Who appoints the Commi
(iit) What is its main objective ?
Ans. (i) Itwas established in 1993,
(i) The Commission is appointed by the
President.
(iti) It focuses on helping the victims to secure their
human rights,
Q.17, Mention any other two rights of the Indian
citizens except the Fundamental Rights.
(i) Right to freedom of press.
{ii) Right to information,
Mention any two rights which the
Constitution of South Africa guarantees to
its citizens,
(i) Right to privacy, so that citizens or their home
cannot be searched, their phones cannot
be tapped, their communication cannot be
opened.
(ii) Right to an environment that is not harmful to
th vealth or well-being.
Q.19. Which right ensures every citizen of India
the freedom to live any where in India ?
[CBSE 2014]
. Right to Freedom, Article 19 (Subclause e) :
Reside and settle in any part of the territory of
India.
Expressing ideas on social issues is
permitted by which fundamental right ?
(CBSE 2014]
Ans. Right to freedom of speech and expression.
0.21. What is the minimum age below which no
one can employ a child ? (CBSE 2014]
Ans. Age of 14, Right against Exploitation
[Article 24),
Moving freely throughout the country is
an implication of which fundamental
right ? (CBSE 2014]
Right to Freedom, Article 19 (Subclause d) :
‘Freedom to move freely throughout the territory
of India.’
jon ?
Ans.
as.
Ans.
Q.20.
22,
Ans.
Q.23. Under which fundamental right is child
labour banned ?
Or
Employing children below 14 years of
age workers in a bid! making factory is a
violation of which fundamental right ?
[CBSE 2014]
Or
My neighbour has employed a 10 years
old girl to do household work. Which
of her fundamental rights is being
violated ? ICBSE 2014]
Ans. Right against Exploitation [Article 24].
Q.24. Which fundamental right allows imparting
religious instructions in minority
educational institutions ?
Ans. Cultural and Educational Rights.
Q.25. Which fundamental right says that no
person can be deprived of his life or
Personal liberty except according to
procedure established by law ?
ICBSE 2014]
Right to Freedom, Article 21 : 'Protection of life
and personal liberty’
Q.26. Which fundamental right protects against
untouchability ? [CBSE 2014]
Ans.
Ans. Right to Equality, Article 17 : ‘Abolition of
Untouchability’
Q27. Name the Fundamental Right which
Is being violated under the following
circumstances.
( The village headman is not allowing
Kirti to use public well,
(i) Factory owner is not allowing workers to
form union. .
(i) Government is not allowing students to
demonstrate on the reservation policy.
(lv) A factory owner has employed Ramu
who Is of 12 years of age in his factory.
Ans. (i) Right to Equality,
(i) Right to Freedom to form association or
unions,
(ii) Right to Freedom,
(lv) Right against Exploitation,
= EVERGREEN Self-Study in Social Science-9 ©
ze = =
Mention any two exceptions to the Right to
a Equality. ICBSE 2015}
{) The State may make any special provisi
ns vnen and children, Besviien fo
(i The State may reserve some posts for
members of backward class,
Q.29. Mention any two limitations of freedom of
speech and expression.
(i) No one can use this freedom to instigate
violence against others.
(ti) No one can use it to incite people to rebel
against government.
Ans.
(a0 AT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (3 OR 4 MARKS EACH)
a1. Briefly explain the ethnic massacre in
Kosovo.
Kosovo was a province of Yugoslavia before its
split.
@ The massacre was carried out by the Serbian
army on Albanian minority due to ethnic
prejudices.
@ Many Serb leaders including Milosevic wanted
the Arbanian minority to either leave the
country or accept their dominance.
a2. Whyare the rights guaranteed by the Indian
Constitution called Fundamental Rights ?
Aas. (i) These rights are essential for all round
development of the citizens.
{i) These have been given to all the citizens by
the Constitution and no Government can
abolish them.
(ii) These rights are axis of the democracy.
_ (ww) These are enforceable in the courts of law.
4X" Rights are necessary for the sustenance of
a democracy. Explain. ICBSE 2014]
Or
Why do we need rights in a democracy ?
ICBSE March 2011,13,14]
Ans. (i) In a democracy all the citizens enjoy the right
to vote.
(i) Fundamental Rights provide the conditions
which are essential for the development of the
inherent qualities in man and to secure his all
round growth.
(ii) These are necessary to preserve human
dignity and promote social progress in an
atmosphere of freedom.
(iv) These provide civil liberties, without which
democracy cannot be even conceived.
(0) These are a significant check on the arbitrary
Use of power by the government.
ights protect minorities from the oppression
of majority.
wi
eve
FRGREEN seltstudy inSocial Science-9 ==
Qe. Explain the reason for calling some rights
as fundamental rights. ICBSE 2014]
Ans. (i) Fundamental means basic or in other words
it is the bare minimum rights required for
any citizen to grow or to reach his maximum
growth potential physically, culturally,
economically, etc.
(ii) These rights are unavoidably essential for
complete growth of an individual's personality,
and in absence of these moral and spiritual
developments of individual are not possible.
They are called as Fundamental rights because
they are ‘basic laws’ of a nation. These rights
are explained in Constitution and changing
governments cannot play with them according
to their whims.
(iv) The fundamental rights are inevitable -and
executive as well as legislature cannot play
with them and they have provide due respect
to them,
(v) These rights are judiciable and are protected
by cours in any case of violation,
Women are often stereotyped into certain
professions. Is stopping women from taking
up any particular profession violates any of
their fundamental rights ? Explain,
ICBSE 2014]
Ans. Yes. Stopping women from taking up any
particular profession violates their Fundamental
Rights. :
(i) Article 16 of the Constitution of India, clearly
mentions that the state shall treat everyone
equally in the matters of employment. No
ctizen shall be discriminated on the basis of
ace, caste, religion, creed, descent ot place or
birth in respect of any employment or office
under the state,
(ii) Equality before law is well defined under the
Article 14 of the Constitution which ensures
that every citizen shall be likewise protected by
the laws of the country. It means that the state
(iii)
as. bovine
‘will not distinguish any of the Indian etizens on
the basis of their gender, caste, creed, religion
or even the place of birth
‘Freedom of speech and expression is one
of the essential features of any democracy.
Explain, ICBSE 2014]
(Freedom of speech and expression’ allows an
individual to take part in public activities.
(ti) Freedom of speech and expression includes:
freedom to hold opinions without interference
and to seek, receive and impart information
and ideas through any media and regardless
of frontier neither orally, in writing or in print,
in the form of art.
(ii) Mass media is an instrument for exercising the
freedom of speech and expression which is
important for a democratic society
{w) Freedom of speech is not the freedom to hurt
or harm others in the political arena or in the
society:
(v) The betterment of society depends on the right
exercise of freedom which should not be taken
away from us in any guise, rhetoric or policy.
X says, "I will defame Y as I don't like
him. I will even say false and mean things
about him that will cause damage to his
reputation.” Is the action of X protected
under Right to freedom of speech ? If not
then state the reason. [CBSE 2014]
No, the action of X is not protected under Right to
Freedom. Though under Freedom of speech and
‘expression all are free to express their ideas, views:
but constitution do not allow anyone to defame
others by saying false and mean things that cause
damage fo a person's reputation.
State any three restrictions put on the right
to freedom. [CBSE 2014}
© Freedom of speech and expression -
reasonable restrictions can be imposed on
this freedom. People cannot use this right as
freedom to instigate violence,
© People are not allowed to use this right to
incite others to rebel against the government.
© Citizens have the ight to hold meetings,
processions, rallies and demonstrations on
any issue but our Constitution prohibits to
carry weapons with ther.
az
Ans.
a8
Ans.
82-P om
at
© We have o freedom to form aswoctation ang
unions but this must not be intended 4
involve in any anti-national activity.
Q.9.." Mention the Rights of a person arrested
Dj. under ordinary circumstances.
‘Ans, (i) No person can be detained in custody withens
being told of the ground for such an arrest.
(i) Such a person shall have the right to be
defended,by a lauyer of his choice
(iil) Every arrested person must be produced
before the nearest Magistrate within 24 hours
of such arrest. He cannot be detained further
without the order of the Magistrate
Q.10"" Explain the Right against Exploitation.
f (CBSE March 2011.12.16)
or
Mention the provisions of Fundamental
Right against exploitation.
ICBSE March 2011)
‘Ans. (1) Prohibition of Traffic in Human Beings
and Forced Labour : Und
human beings and "begar” or any other form
of forced labour is prohibited. This
that sale and purchase of women, men and
children and making a person work agains
their will without payment is banned
(ii) Prohibition of Employment of Children
In Factories : No chiki below the age of
vears shall be employed in a factory ex
and in other hazardous work. Thus chi
labour is banned, because this is considered
as an exploitation, and as such it is illegal
Mention the three evils which have been
declared iegal under Right Against
Exploitation.
Ans, (i) Tialfic in human beings
(ii) Forced labour or begar in any form
(ii) Child labour,
Mention three major Constitutions!
provistons for the protection of women and
children in India. [CBSE 2015]
Or
Write three Constitutional provisions for
the protection of women and children in
Indio. ICBSE March 2011]
() The Right to Equality : Under this the State
can make special provisions for women and
children
this tra
an.
ata,
Ans.
EVERGREEN Self-Study in Social Selence-9 (# Right Against Exploitation : Under this
traffic in human beings, especially women
and children, shall be an offence punishable
in accordance with the law.
(ti) Right Against Exploitation : Under this
no child below the age of 14 years shall be
employed to work in any factory or mine or
engaged in any other hazardous employment.
0.13. Specify the cultural and educational rights
of the minorities. ICBSE 2014]
Ans. The Constitution of India guarantees different
rights to the minorities. There are cultural and
educational rights which have been guaranteed
under Article 29 and 30.
Article 29 : Protection of interest of minorities.
() Any section of the citizens residing in the
territory of India or any part thereof having a
distinct language, script or culture of its own
shall have the right to conserve the same.
(ii) No citizen shall be denied for admission into
any educational institution maintained by the
state.
Article 30 : Right to minorities to establish and
administer educational institutions
(i) All minorities, whether based on religion or
language, shall have the right to establish and
administer educational institutions of their
choice.
(ii) The state shall not, in granting aid to
educational institutions, discriminate against
any educational institution on the ground that
it is under the management of a minority,
whether based on religion or language
Q.44, Explain any three restrictions on the ‘Right
to Freedom of Religion’. [CBSE 2014]
Ans. (i) It is absolutely impossible to forcibly convert
any person against his will as such a right
would infringe on the right of freedom.
(i) All religions are equal before the state and
no religion shall be given preference over the
other.
(ii) Activities in religions’ charitable institutions
which are not religions should be perform
* EVERGREEN Self-Study inSocial Sclence-9. ===
according to the lav: Jnl di bey Be
government,
(lv) It shall not affect the! operation 14 nny wrorners
aw or prevent the state for mabiery ney Sartore
law regulating or restrcting any ecrnentse
financial, political or other secular activi
(v) No person is allowed to sacrifice animals or
human beings as offerings to supernatural
forces or Gods.
(vi) Religious practices which treat women as
inferior or those that infringe women's freedom
are not allowed
O.18.."Right to Constitutional Remedies is a very
\, special right’. What is so special about this
right ?
Or
Dr. Ambedkar called the Right to
Constitutional Remedies, "the heart and
soul of our constitution". Give reason.
Or
“The right to Constitutional Remedy is the
heart and soul of the Indian Constitution”.
Justify the statement.
ICBSE March 2011]
Ans. (i) It is through this Right that all other
Fundamental Rights are safeguarded and
arbitrary action of the state is checked.
(ii) Under this Right, a citizen is entitled to move
the Supreme Court or any High Court or
any other courts so authorised, if hissher
Fundamental Right (or Rights) is encroached
upon, abridged or snatched away by the
State, an individual or a body of persons,
The courts are empowered to issue orders,
directions and writs to the concerned to
protect the rights of the complainant,
Q.46. What are the major functions of the
National Human Rights Commission ?
Ans. (i) To promote human rights in the country.
(ii) To make independent and credible inquiry
into any case of violation of human rights.
(iil) To promote research on human rights.
(iv) To present its findings and recommendations
to the government or intervene in the court
on behalf of the victims,
83? omens “
LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (4 OR 5 MARKS EACH)
an
Ans.
Ans.
Ans.
be?
What was the Amnesty International's
report regarding the prisoners In
Guantanamo Bay ? State the condition
of prisoners according to the report of
Amnesty International in Guantanamo
Bay. ICBSE Morch 2013)
Amensty Intemational which is an international
human rights omanisation, collected information
in Guantanamo Bay and reported
(i) Families of prisoners. media or even UN
representatives were not allowed to meet
shese prisoners. The US army arrested them,
interrogated them and decided whether to
seep them there or not
There was no trial before any magistrate in
ne US. Nor could these prisoners approach