CLASS # 10 PHYSICS NUMERICALS

1. Two thin lenses of focal lengths + 10 cm and – 5 cm are kept in contact. What is the focal length and power of the
combination?

2. A student uses a lens of focal length 50 cm and another of – 50 cm. What is the nature of the lens and its power used by
each of them? [NCERT Exemplar]

3. A convex lens has a focal length of 10 cm. What is its power?

4. An object is placed at a distance of 60 cm from a concave lens of focal length 30 cm.

(i) Use lens formula to find the distance of the image from the lens.
(ii) List four characteristics of the image (nature, position, size, erect inverted) formed by the lens in this case.
(iii) Draw ray diagram to justify your answer of part (ii). [CBSE 2019 (31/1/1)]

5. At what distance from a concave lens of focal length 20 cm a 6 cm tall object be placed so as to obtain its image at 15
cm from the lens? Also calculate the size of the image formed.
Draw a ray diagram to justify your answer for the above situation and label it.

6. An object kept at a distance of 60 cm from a lens gives a virtual image at a distance of 20 cm over the same side of the
lens. What is the focal length of the lens? Is the lens converging or diverging?

7. The magnification of an image formed by a lens is –1. If the distance of the image from the optical centre of the lens is
25 cm, where is the object placed ? Find the nature and focal length of the lens. If the object is displaced 15 cm towards
the optical centre of the lens, where would the image be formed ? Draw a ray diagram to justify your answer. [CBSE (F)
2017]

8. Analyse the following observation table showing variation of image distance (ν) with object distance (u) in case of a
convex lens and answer the questions that follow, without doing any calculations:
S. No. Object distance u (cm) Image distance v (cm)
1 – 90 + 18
2 – 60 + 20
3 – 30 + 30
4 – 20 + 60
5 – 18 + 90
6 – 10 + 100
(a) What is the focal length of the convex lens ? Give reason in support of your answer.
(b) Write the serial number of that observation which is not correct. How did you arrive at this conclusion?
(c) Take an appropriate scale to draw ray diagram for the observation at S. No. 4 and find the approximate value of
magnification. [CBSE Delhi 2017]

9. A real image, 4/5 size of the object is formed 18 cm from a lens. Calculate the focal length of the lens.

10. An object 2 cm high is placed at a distance of 64 cm from a white screen. On placing a convex lens at a distance of 32
cm from the object it is found that a distinct image of the object is formed on the screen. What is the focal length of the
convex lens and size of the image formed on the screen?
11. A student focussed the image of a candle flame on a white screen using a convex lens. He noted down the position of
the candle, screen and the lens as under
Position of candle = 12.0 cm
Position of convex lens = 50.0 cm
Position of the screen = 88.0 cm

(i) What is the focal length of the convex lens?

(ii) Where will the image be formed if he shifts the candle towards the lens at a position of 31.0 cm?
(iii) What will be the nature of the image formed if he further shifts the candle towards the lens?
(iv) Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of the image in case (iii) as said above. [NCERT Exemplar]

12. A 5 cm tall object is placed on the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length 50 cm at a distance of 40 cm from it.
Find the nature, position and size of the image.

13. An object 1 m tall is placed on the principal axis of a convex lens and its 40 cm tall image is formed on the screen
placed at a distance of 70 cm from the object. What is the focal length of the lens?

14. A 10 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length 12 cm. The distance
of the object from the lens is 18 cm. Find the nature, position and size of the image formed. [CBSE 2019 (31/2/1)]

15. The image of a candle flame formed by a lens is obtained on a screen placed on the other side of the lens. If the image
is three times the size of the flame and the distance between lens and image is 80 cm, at what distance should the candle
be placed from the lens? What is the nature of the image at a distance of 80 cm from the lens? [NCERT Exemplar]

16. An object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length 8 cm. The distance of the object
from the lens is 12 cm. Find the position and nature of the image. [CBSE Delhi (C) 2017]

17. The absolute refractive indices of two media ‘A’ and ‘B’ are 2.0 and 1.5 respectively. If the speed of light in medium
‘B’ is 2 ×108 m/s, calculate the speed of light in:
(i) vacuum (ii) medium ‘A’. [CBSE Delhi 2015]

18. Refractive index of diamond with respect to glass is 1.6 and absolute refractive index of glass is 1.5. Find out the
absolute refractive index of diamond.

19. Refractive indices of water and benzene with respect to air are 1.33 and 1.50 respectively. Calculate the refractive
index of benzene with respect to water.

20. Refractive index of water with respect to air is 4/3 and glass is 3/2. What is the refractive index of glass with respect to
water?

21. The absolute refractive indices of glass and water are 3/2 and 4/3 respectively. If the speed of light in glass is 2 ×
108 m/s, calculate the speed of light in (i) vacuum, (ii) water. [CBSE (AI) 2015, 2016]

22. Refractive index of water with respect to air is 1.33. What is the value of refractive index of air with respect to water?

23. If the angle of incidence (i) for a light ray in air be 45° and the angle of refraction (r) in glass be 30°, find refractive
index of glass with respect to air.

24. A truck uses a convex mirror as view finder whose radius of curvature is 2.0 m. A maruti car is coming behind the
truck at a distance of 10 m. What will be the position of the image of the car and size of the image of the car when
observed by the driver of the truck through the convex mirror?
25. Size of image of an object formed by a mirror having a focal length of 20 cm, is observed to be reduced to 1/3rd of its
size. At what distance the object has been placed from the mirror? What is the nature of the image and the
mirror? [NCERT Exemplar]

26. A convex mirror used for rear-view on an automobile has a radius of curvature of 3.00 m. If a bus is located at 5.00 m
from this mirror, find the position, nature and size of the image.

27. An object 4 cm in height, is placed at 15 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 10 cm. At what distance from
the mirror should a screen be placed to obtain a sharp image of the object. Calculate the height of the image. [CBSE Delhi
2017]

28. A 2 cm high object is placed at a distance of 32 cm from a concave mirror. The image is real, inverted and 3 cm in
size. Find the focal length of the mirror and the position where the image is formed? [CBSE Sample Paper 2016]

29. A student has focused the image of a candle flame on a white screen using a concave mirror. The situation is as given
below:
Length of the flame = 1.5 cm
Focal length of the mirror = 12 cm
Distance of flame from the mirror = 18 cm
If the flame is perpendicular to the principal axis of the mirror, then calculate the following:

(a) Distance of the image from the mirror

(b) Length of the image
If the distance between the mirror and the flame is reduced to 10 cm, then what would be observed on the screen? Draw
ray diagram to justify your answer for this situation. [CBSE (F) 2015]

30. A 2.0 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a concave mirror of focal length 10 cm. The
distance of the object from the mirror is 15 cm. Find the nature, position and size of the image formed. Represent the
situation with the help of a ray diagram.

31. A concave mirror of focal length 10 cm is placed at a distance of 35 cm from a wall. How far from the wall an object
be placed so that its image formed by the mirror falls on the wall?

32. An object 2 cm high is placed at a distance of 16 cm from a concave mirror which produces a real image 3 cm high.

(i) Find the position of the image.

(ii) What is the focal length of mirror?

33. The image of an object formed by a mirror is real, inverted and is of magnification –1. If the image is at a distance of
40 cm from the mirror, where is the object placed? Where would the image be if the object is moved 20 cm towards the
mirror? State reason and also draw ray diagram for the new position of the object to justify your answer. [CBSE (AI)
2016]

34. Find the size, nature and position of image formed when an object of size 1 cm is placed at a distance of 15 cm from a
concave mirror of focal length 10 cm.

35. The image of a candle flame placed at a distance of 30 cm from a mirror is formed on a screen placed in front of the
mirror at a distance of 60 cm from its pole. What is the nature of the mirror? Find its focal length. If the height of the
flame is 2.4 cm, find the height of its image. State whether the image formed is erect or inverted.

36. A current of 0.5 A is drawn by a filament of an electric bulb for 10 minutes. Find the amount of electric charge that
flows through any point of the circuit.
37. A current of 5 A is flowing through a resistor of 15 Ω. Calculate the potential difference between the ends of the
resistor.

38. Figure (a), (b) and (c) show three cylindrical copper conductors along with their face areas and length. Which of the
conductors will have highest resistance and why?

39. A piece of wire of resistance 20 Ω is drawn out so that its length is increased to twice its original length. Calculate the
resistance of the wire in the new situation.

40. Resistance of a metal wire of length 1 m is 26 Ω at 20°C. If the diameter of the wire is 0.3 mm, what will be the
resistivity of the metal at that temperature?

41. A 4 Ω resistance wire is doubled on it. Calculate the new resistance of the wire.

42. A current of 1 ampere flows in a series circuit having an electric lamp and a conductor of 5 Ω when connected to a 10
V battery. Calculate the resistance of the electric lamp.
Now if a resistance of 10 Ω is connected in parallel with this series combination, what change (if any) in current flowing
through 5 Ω conductor and potential difference across the lamp will take place? Give reason. [NCERT Exemplar]

43. Two resistors, with resistances 5 Ω and 10 Ω respectively are to be connected to a battery of e.m.f. 6 V so as to obtain:
(i) minimum current
(ii) maximum current
(a) How will you connect the resistances in each case?
(b) Calculate the strength of the total current in the circuit in the two cases.

44. For the circuit shown in the given diagram:

What is the value of

(i) current through 6 Ω resistor?
(ii) potential difference across 12 Ω resistor?

45. Two resistances when connected in parallel give resultant value of 2 ohm, when connected in series the value becomes
9 ohm. Calculate the value of each resistance.

46. If in the figure R1 = 10 Ω, R2 = 40 Ω, R3 = 30 Ω, R4 = 20 Ω, R5 = 60 Ω, and a 12 V battery is connected to the

arrangement, calculate (i) the total resistance in the circuit and (ii) the total current flowing in the circuit.
47. In the given circuit diagram, the cell and the ammeter, both have negligible resistance. The resistances are identical.
With the switch K open, the ammeter reads 0.6 A. What will be the ammeter reading when the switch is closed?

48. A wire of resistance 5 ohms is bent in the form of a closed circle. What is the effective resistance between the two
points at ends of any diameter of the circle?

49. B1, B2, B3 are three identical bulbs connected as shown in figure. Ammeters A1, A2, A3 are connected as shown. When
all the bulbs glow, the current of 3A is recorded by ammeter A.

(i) What happens to the glow of the other two bulbs when bulb B1 gets fused?
(ii) What happens to the reading of A1, A2, A3 and A when the bulb B2 gets fused?
(iii) How much power is dissipated in the circuit when all the three bulbs glow together?[NCERT Exemplar]

50. An electric iron has a rating of 750 W, 220 V. Calculate

(i) the current passing through it, and
(ii) its resistance, when in use.

51. Three 2 Ω resistors A, B and C are connected as shown in figure. Each of them dissipates energy and can withstand a
maximum power of 18 W without melting. Find the maximum current that can flow through the three resistors. [NCERT
Exemplar]
52. A geyser is rated 1500 W, 250 V. It is connected to 250 V mains. Calculate
(i) the current drawn,
(ii) the energy consumed in 50 hours, and
(iii) the cost of energy consumed at ™ 2.20 per kWh.

53. Two resistors of 4 Ω and 6 Ω are connected in parallel. The combination is connected across a 6 volt battery of
negligible resistance. Calculate (i) the power supplied by the battery, (ii) the power dissipated in each resistor.

54. An electric iron consumes energy at a rate of 840 W when heating it at the maximum rate and 360 W when the heating
it at the minimum. The applied voltage is 220 V. What is the value of current and the resistance in each case?

55. A heater coil is rated 100 W, 200 V. It is cut into two identical parts. Both parts are connected together in parallel to
the same source of 200 V. Calculate the energy liberated per second in the new combination.

56. Figure shows a 240 V ac mains circuit to which a number of appliances are connected and switched on.

(a) Calculate the power supplied to the circuit.

(b) Calculate
(i) the current in the refrigerator,
(ii) the energy used by the fan in 3 hours,
(iii) the resistance of the filament of one lamp.

56. A wire carries a current of 0.1 A and has a resistance of 120 milliohm per metre. What is the p.d. across 1 m of this
wire?

57. An electric iron draws a current of 4 A from 220 V supply line. When voltage of supply is changed, then iron draws a
current of 2 A, what is the new voltage applied?

58. A copper wire has a diameter 0.5 mm and resistivity 1.6 × 10–8 Ω m.
(i) What will be the length of this wire to make the resistance of 12 Ω?
(ii) How much will be the resistance of another copper wire of same length but half the diameter?

59. How can three resistances of 2, 3 and 6 ohms be connected so as to give a total resistance of 1 ohm? Justify your
answer.

60. Three resistances of 5, 10 and 15 ohms are connected in series and a potential difference of 15 volts is applied across
the combination. Calculate the current flowing through the circuit.

61. A voltmeter reads 24 V across a resistor and an ammeter reads a current of 3 A through it. Calculate R. What will be
the current through the resistor if the voltage changes to 12 V?

62. Three resistances are connected in electrical circuit as shown in the circuit diagram. Determine the potential difference
across resistance R2.
63. Five resistances are connected in the shape of letter A as shown in figure alongside. Determine the total resistance of
the circuit.

64. A wire of uniform cross-section and length l has a resistance of 4 Ω. The wire is cut into four equal pieces. Each piece
is then stretched to length ‘l’. Thereafter, the four wires are joined in parallel. Calculate the net resistance.

65. A cable of resistance 12 Ω carries electric power from a generator producing 250 kW at 10,000 V. Calculate
(i) the current in the cable,
(ii) the power lost in the cable during transmission, and
(iii) the p.d. across the ends of the cable.

66. Calculate the electrical energy produced in 5 minutes when a current of 2 A is sent through a conductor by a potential
difference of 500 volts.

67. Two bulbs have the following ratings: (i) 40 W at 220 V, and (ii) 40 W at 110 V. The filament of which bulb has a
higher resistance? What is the ratio of their resistances?

68. For the given circuit diagram calculate:

(i) the current through each resistor.

(ii) the total current in the circuit.
(iii) the total effective resistance of the circuit.

69. An electric heater draws a current of 10 A from a 220 V supply. What is the cost of using the heater 5 hours per day
for 30 days if the cost of 1 unit is ₹2.50?

70. Study the following circuit and find out:

(i) Current in 12 Ω resistor.
(ii) Difference in the readings of A1 and A2, if any. [CBSE 2019 (31/4/1)]
71. A person cannot see objects nearer than 75 cm from his eyes while a person with normal vision can see objects upto
25 cm from his eyes. Find the nature, the focal length and the power of the correcting lens used for the defective vision.

72. A person cannot see objects beyond 80 cm from his eye while a person with normal eyesight can see object easily
placed upto 160 cm from the eye. Find the nature, the focal length and the power of the correcting lens.

73. A person can see clearly only up to 3 metres. Prescribe a lens for spectacles so that he can see clearly up to 12 metres.