1.Implement logistic regression using NumPy.
2. Write a Python function to calculate accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score.
3. Given a dataset, how would you handle missing values?
4. Code a decision tree classifier from scratch or using sklearn.
5. Write code to apply k-means clustering to customer segmentation.
6. What are the advantages of TensorFlow over PyTorch?
7. What is a confusion matrix? Show a code example using scikit-learn.
8. Explain PCA. Why and when do we use it?
9. What is the ROC curve and AUC score?
10. Which evaluation metric would you use for an imbalanced dataset and why?
11. Write a Java/Python program to check if a string is a palindrome.
12. Explain time and space complexity of bubble sort.
13. What is the difference between stack and queue?
14. Implement a linked list with insert, delete, and display methods.
15. What is recursion? Write code to find factorial using recursion.
16. Explain how a hash table works.
17. Write a program to detect a cycle in a graph.
18. How would you optimize a search in a sorted list?
19. Implement binary search in Java/Python.
20. Given a list of integers, find the first non-repeating element.
21. What are the 4 pillars of Object-Oriented Programming?
22. Explain inheritance and give an example in Java.
23. What is normalization in DBMS?
24. Write an SQL query to get the second highest salary from a table.
25. What are transactions? Explain ACID properties.