Topic: Trigonometry
1. Find the degree measure corresponding to the following radian measures (Use
𝜋 = 22⁄7) :
i. (−3)𝑐
2. Find the radian measure corresponding to the following degree measures :
i. 7° 30′
ii. −47° 30′
3. Find the angle in radians through which a pendulum swings, if its length is 75 cm and the tip
describes an arc of length (i) 10 cm (ii) 15 cm (iii) 21 cm
4. The angles of a triangle are in A.P. such that greatest is 5 times the least. Find the angles in radians.
5. The number of sides of two regular polygons are as5 ∶ 4 and the difference between their angles is
9°. Find the number of sides of the polygons.
6. If the arcs of the same length in two circles subtend angles 65° and 110° at the centre, find the
ratio of their radii.
7. A wheel makes 360 revolutions per minute. Through how many radians does it turn in 1 second ?
8. A railway train is travelling on a circular curve of 1500 metres radius at the rate of 66 km/hr.
Through what angle has it turned in 10 seconds ?
9. The angles of a triangle are in A.P. and the number of degrees in the least angle is to the number of
degrees in the mean angle as 1 ∶ 120. Find the angles in radians.
10. The angles of a quadrilateral are in A.P. and the greatest angle is 120°. Express the angles in
radians.
11. Find the distance from the eye at which a coin of 2 cm diameter should be held so as to conceal the
full moon whose angular diameter is 31′ .
12. Find the diameter of the sun in km supposing that it subtends an angle of 32′ at the eye of an
observer. Given that the distance of the sun is 151.92 × 106 km.
12
13. If sin 𝑥 = 13 and 𝑥 lies in the second quadrant, find the value of sec 𝑥 + tan 𝑥.
3 1 𝜋 3𝜋
14. If sin 𝑥 = 5 , tan 𝑦 = 2 and 2 < 𝑥 < 𝜋 < 𝑦 < , find the value of 8 tan 𝑥 − √5 sec 𝑦.
2
15. If sin 𝑥 + cos 𝑥 = 0 and 𝑥 lies in the fourth quadrant, find sin 𝑥 and cos 𝑥.
16. Prove that :
(i) tan 225° cot 405° + tan 765° cot 675° = 0
(ii) tan(−225°) cot(−405°) − tan(−765°) cot(675°) = 0
𝜋 𝜋 5𝜋 𝜋
(iii) 3 sin 6 sec 3 − 4 sin cot 4 = 1
6
17. Prove that :
cos(2𝜋+𝑥) cosec(2𝜋+𝑥) tan(𝜋⁄2+𝑥)
(i) =1
sec(𝜋⁄2+𝑥) cos 𝑥 cot(𝜋+𝑥)
𝜋 3𝜋
sin(𝜋+𝑥) cos( +𝑥) tan( −𝑥) cot(2𝜋−𝑥)
2 2
(ii) 3𝜋 =1
sin(2𝜋−𝑥) cos(2𝜋+𝑥) cosec(−𝑥) sin( −𝑥)
2
𝜋 𝜋 7𝜋 4𝜋
18. Prove that : sin2 18 + sin2 9 + sin2 18 + sin2 =2
9
𝑚 1 𝜋
19. If α and β are acute angles such that tan 𝛼 = 𝑚+1 and tan 𝛽 = 2𝑚+1 , prove that 𝛼 + 𝛽 = 4.
𝜋 𝑥 𝜋 𝑥 1
20. Prove that : sin2 (8 + 2) − sin2 (8 − 2) = sin 𝑥
√2
21. If 3 tan 𝐴 tan 𝐵 = 1, prove that 2 cos(𝐴 + 𝐵) = cos(𝐴 − 𝐵)
22. Prove that : tan 70° = tan 20° + 2 tan 50°
23. If tan(𝛼 + 𝑥) = 𝑛 tan(𝛼 − 𝑥), show that: (𝑛 + 1) sin 2𝑥 = (𝑛 − 1) sin 2𝛼
4 5 𝜋
24. If sin 𝐴 = 5 and cos 𝐵 = 13 , where 0 < 𝐴, 𝐵 < 2 , find the values of the following :
(i) sin(𝐴 + 𝐵)
(ii) cos(𝐴 + 𝐵)
(iii) sin(𝐴 − 𝐵)
(iv) cos(𝐴 − 𝐵)
tan 𝐴+tan 𝐵 sin(𝐴+𝐵)
25. Prove that : tan 𝐴−tan 𝐵 = sin(𝐴−𝐵)
26. Prove that :
cos 11°+sin 11°
(i) cos 11°−sin 11°
cos 9°+sin 9°
(ii) cos 9°−sin 9°
tan 69°+tan 66°
27. Prove that : 1−tan 69° tan 66° = −1
𝑚 1 𝜋
28. If tan 𝐴 = 𝑚−1 and tan 𝐵 = 2𝑚−1 , then prove that 𝐴 − 𝐵 = 4
29. Prove that :
(i) tan 8𝑥 − tan 6𝑥 − tan 2𝑥 = tan 8𝑥 tan 6𝑥 tan 2𝑥
(ii) tan 36° + tan 9° + tan 36° tan 9° = 1
tan2 2𝑥−tan2 𝑥
30. Prove that : 1−tan2 2𝑥 tan2 𝑥 = tan 3𝑥 tan 𝑥
sin(𝑥+𝑦) 𝑎+𝑏 tan 𝑥 𝑎
31. (i) If sin(𝑥−𝑦) = 𝑎−𝑏 , show that tan 𝑦 = 𝑏
1−𝑚
(ii) If cos(𝜃 + 𝜙) = 𝑚 cos(𝜃 − 𝜙), then prove that tan 𝜃 = 1+𝑚 cot 𝜙.
sin(𝐴−𝐵) 𝑥−1
32. If tan 𝐴 = 𝑥 tan 𝐵, prove that sin(𝐴+𝐵) = 𝑥+1 .
33. If tan(𝐴 + 𝐵) = 𝑥 and tan(𝐴 − 𝐵) = 𝑦, find the values of tan 2𝐴 and tan 2𝐵.
34. If cos 𝐴 + sin 𝐵 = 𝑚 and sin 𝐴 + cos 𝐵 = 𝑛, prove that 2 sin(𝐴 + 𝐵) = 𝑚2 + 𝑛2 − 2.
1 1
35. If tan 𝐴 + tan 𝐵 = 𝑎 and cot 𝐴 + cot 𝐵 = 𝑏, prove that : cot(𝐴 + 𝐵) = 𝑎 − 𝑏.
1 𝜋
36. If sin(𝛼 + 𝛽) = 1 and sin(𝛼 − 𝛽) = 2 , where 0 ≤ 𝛼, 𝛽 ≤ 2 , then find the values of tan(𝛼 + 2𝛽)
and tan(2𝛼 + 𝛽).
𝜋 2𝜋
37. Prove that : 4 sin 𝑥 sin ( 3 + 𝑥) sin ( 3 + 𝑥) = sin 3𝑥.
𝜋 𝜋
38. Prove that : 4 cos 𝑥 cos ( 3 + 𝑥) cos (3 − 𝑥) = cos 3𝑥.
39. Prove that :
√3
(i) sin 20° sin 40° sin 80° = 8
√3
(ii) sin 10° sin 50° sin 60° sin 70° = 16
𝜋 𝜋
40. Prove that : tan 𝑥 tan ( 3 − 𝑥) tan ( 3 + 𝑥) = tan 3𝑥.
𝑥 9𝑥 5𝑥
41. Prove that : cos 2𝑥 cos 2 − cos 3𝑥 cos = sin 5𝑥 sin
2 2
42. Prove that :
𝛼−𝛽
(i) (cos 𝛼 + cos 𝛽)2 + (sin 𝛼 + sin 𝛽)2 = 4 cos2 ( )
2
𝛼−𝛽
(ii) (cos 𝛼 − cos 𝛽)2 + (sin 𝛼 − sin 𝛽)2 = 4 sin2 ( )
2
𝛼+𝛽 𝛽+𝛾 𝛾+𝛼
(iii) cos 𝛼 + cos 𝛽 + cos 𝛾 + cos(𝛼 + 𝛽 + 𝛾) = 4 cos cos cos
2 2 2
1+𝑛
43. If sin 𝑥 = 𝑛 sin(𝑥 + 2𝛼 ), prove that tan(𝑥 + 𝛼) = tan 𝛼.
1−𝑛
sin(𝑥+𝛼) 1−𝑚 𝜋 𝜋
44. If = , prove that tan ( − 𝑥) tan ( − 𝛼) = 𝑚.
cos(𝑥−𝛼) 1+𝑚 4 4
45. Prove that :
(i) cos 3𝐴 + cos 5𝐴 + cos 7𝐴 + cos 15𝐴 = 4 cos 4𝐴 cos 5𝐴 cos 6𝐴
𝐴 3𝐴
(ii) sin 3𝐴 + sin 2𝐴 − sin 𝐴 = 4 sin 𝐴 cos cos
2 2
sin 𝐴+2 sin 3𝐴+sin 5𝐴 sin 3𝐴
46. Prove that : =
sin 3𝐴+2 sin 5𝐴+sin 7𝐴 sin 5𝐴
𝛼+𝛽 𝛽+𝛾 𝛾+𝛼
47. Prove that : sin 𝛼 + sin 𝛽 + sin 𝛾 − sin(𝛼 + 𝛽 + 𝛾 ) = 4 sin ( ) sin ( ) sin ( )
2 2 2
1 1 𝐴+𝐵 1
48. If cos 𝐴 + cos 𝐵 = and sin 𝐴 + sin 𝐵 = , prove that: tan ( )=
2 4 2 2
𝐴+𝐵
49. If cosec 𝐴 + sec 𝐴 = cosec 𝐵 + sec 𝐵, prove that : tan 𝐴 tan 𝐵 = cot
2
tan(𝐴+𝐵) 𝜆+1
50. If sin 2𝐴 = 𝜆 sin 2𝐵, prove that : =
tan(𝐴−𝐵) 𝝀−1
cos(𝐴−𝐵) cos(𝐶+𝐷)
51. If + = 0, prove that tan 𝐴 tan 𝐵 tan 𝐶 tan 𝐷 = −1
cos(𝐴+𝐵) cos(𝐶−𝐷)
52. If cos(𝛼 + 𝛽) sin(𝛾 + 𝛿 ) = cos(𝛼 − 𝛽) sin(𝛾 − 𝛿 ), prove that cot 𝛼 cot 𝛽 cot 𝛾 = cot 𝛿
53. If 𝑦 sin 𝜙 = 𝑥 sin(2𝜃 + 𝜙), prove that (𝑥 + 𝑦) cot(𝜃 + 𝜙) = (𝑦 − 𝑥) cot 𝜃
54. If cos(𝐴 + 𝐵) sin(𝐶 − 𝐷 ) = cos(𝐴 − 𝐵) sin(𝐶 + 𝐷 ), prove that tan 𝐴 tan 𝐵 tan 𝐶 + tan 𝐷 = 0
2𝜋 4𝜋
55. If 𝑥 cos 𝜃 = 𝑦 cos (𝜃 + ) = 𝑧 cos (𝜃 + ) , prove that 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦𝑧 + 𝑧𝑥 = 0
3 3
𝑚+𝑛
56. If 𝑚 sin 𝜃 = 𝑛 sin(𝜃 + 2𝛼), prove that tan(𝜃 + 𝛼) cot 𝛼 = .
𝑚−𝑛
𝜋
57. Show that : √2 + √2 + √2 + 2 cos 8𝑥 = 2 cos 𝑥 , 0 < 𝑥 <
8
58. Prove that : cos 4𝑥 = 1 − 8 sin2 𝑥 cos2 𝑥.
𝑥+𝑦
59. Prove that : (cos 𝑥 + cos 𝑦)2 + (sin 𝑥 − sin 𝑦)2 = 4 cos2 ( )
2
𝜋 3𝜋 5𝜋 7𝜋 1
60. Prove that :(1 + cos ) (1 + cos ) (1 + cos ) (1 + cos )= .
8 8 8 8 8
61. Prove that :
𝜋 3𝜋 5𝜋 7𝜋 3
(i) cos4 + cos4 + cos4 + cos4 =
8 8 8 8 2
𝜋 3𝜋 5𝜋 7𝜋 3
(ii) sin4 + sin4 + sin4 + sin4 =
8 8 8 8 2
4 tan 𝑥(1−tan2 𝑥)
62. Prove that : tan 4𝑥 = .
1−6 tan2 𝑥+tan4 𝑥
63. Prove that :
2𝜋 2𝜋 3
(i) cos2 𝑥 + cos2 (𝑥 + ) + cos2 (𝑥 − )=
3 3 2
𝜋 𝜋 3
(ii) cos2 𝑥 + cos2 (𝑥 + ) + cos2 (𝑥 − ) =
3 3 2
64. Show that : 2 sin2 𝛽 + 4 cos(𝛼 + 𝛽) sin 𝛼 sin 𝛽 + cos 2(𝛼 + 𝛽) = cos 2𝛼
65. Show that : √3 cosec 20° − sec 20° = 4
66. Prove that :
𝜋
(i) cot = √2 + √3 + √4 + √6
24
𝜋
(ii) tan = √4 + 2√2 − (√2 + 1)
16
1°
(iii) tan 142 = 2 + √2 − √3 − √6
2
2𝜋 4𝜋 8𝜋 14𝜋 1
67. Prove that : cos cos cos cos =
15 15 15 15 16
𝜃 1−𝑒 𝜙 cos 𝜃−𝑒
68. If tan = √ tan , prove that cos 𝜙 = .
2 1+𝑒 2 1−𝑒 cos 𝜃
𝜃 𝑎−𝑏 𝜙 𝑎 cos 𝜙+𝑏
69. If tan = √ tan , prove that cos 𝜃 = .
2 𝑎+𝑏 2 𝑎+𝑏 cos 𝜙
𝜃+𝛼 𝜃−𝛼 𝛽
70. If cos 𝜃 = cos 𝛼 cos 𝛽, prove that tan tan = tan2 .
2 2 2
71. Prove the following identities :
(i) √2 + √2 + 2 cos 4𝑥 = 2 cos 𝑥 , 0 < 𝑥 < 𝜋
4
𝛼−𝛽
(ii) (cos 𝛼 + cos 𝛽 )𝟐 + (sin 𝛼 + sin 𝛽 )𝟐 = 4 cos 2 ( )
2
𝜋 𝑥 𝜋 𝑥 1
(iii) sin2 ( + ) − sin2 ( − ) = sin 𝑥
8 2 8 2 √2
(iv) cos3 2𝑥 + 3 cos 2𝑥 = 4 (cos6 𝑥 − sin6 𝑥 )
1
(v) cos6 𝑥 − sin6 𝑥 = cos 2𝑥 (1 − sin2 2𝑥)
4
(vi) cos 4𝑥 − cos 4𝛼 = 8 (cos 𝑥 − cos 𝛼)(cos 𝑥 + cos 𝛼 )(cos 𝑥 − sin 𝛼 )(cos 𝑥 + sin 𝛼)
𝑥 3𝑥
(vii) sin 3𝑥 + sin 2𝑥 − sin 𝑥 = 4 sin 𝑥 cos cos
2 2
1°
72. Prove that : tan 82 = (√3 + √2)(√2 + 1) = √2 + √3 + √4 + √6
2
𝜋
73. Prove that : cot = √2 + 1
8
1
74. (i) If 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝜋 and 𝑥 lies in the IInd quadrant such that sin 𝑥 = . Find the values of
4
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
cos , sin and tan
2 2 2
4
(ii) If cos 𝑥 = and 𝑥 is acute, find tan 2𝑥
5
4 𝜋
(iii) If sin 𝑥 = and 0 < 𝑥 < , find the value of sin 4𝑥.
5 2
𝑏 𝑎+𝑏 𝑎−𝑏
75. If tan 𝑥 = , then find the value of √ +√ .
𝑎 𝑎−𝑏 𝑎+𝑏
1 1
76. If tan 𝐴 = and tan 𝐵 = , show that cos 2𝐴 = sin 4𝐵.
7 3
sin 68°
77. Prove that : cos 7° cos 14° cos 28° cos 56° = .
16 cos 83°
𝜋 2𝜋 4𝜋 8𝜋 16𝜋 32𝜋 1
78. Prove that : cos cos cos cos cos cos =
65 65 65 65 65 65 64
sin 2𝛽
79. If 2 tan 𝛼 = 3 tan 𝛽, prove that tan(𝛼 − 𝛽) = .
5−cos 2𝛽
80. If sin 𝛼 + sin 𝛽 = 𝑎 and cos 𝛼 + cos 𝛽 = 𝑏, prove that
2𝑎𝑏
(i) sin(𝛼 + 𝛽) =
𝑎 2 +𝑏2
𝑎2 +𝑏2 −2
(ii) cos(𝛼 − 𝛽) =
𝟐
cos 𝛼+cos 𝛽 𝑥 𝛼 𝛽
81. If cos 𝑥 = , prove that tan = ± tan tan
1+cos 𝛼 cos 𝛽 2 2 2
1 1 𝛼−𝛽 5
82. If cos 𝛼 + cos 𝛽 = and sin 𝛼 + sin 𝛽 = , prove that cos =± .
3 4 2 24
83. Prove that : cos 6𝑥 = 32 cos6 𝑥 − 48 cos 4 𝑥 + 18 cos2 𝑥 − 1
84. Prove that : cos 5𝑥 = 16 cos5 𝑥 − 20 cos 3 𝑥 + 5 cos 𝑥
85. Prove that :
(i) sin 5𝑥 = 5 sin 𝑥 − 20 sin3 𝑥 + 16 sin5 𝑥
(ii) sin 5𝑥 = 5 cos4 𝑥 sin 𝑥 − 10 cos 2 𝑥 sin3 𝑥 + sin5 𝑥
2𝜋 4𝜋 3
(iii) sin3 𝑥 + sin3 ( + 𝑥) + sin3 ( + 𝑥) = − sin 3𝑥.
3 3 4
86. Find the value of 𝑡𝑎𝑛9 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛27 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛63 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛81
2𝜋 4𝜋
87. If 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 = 𝑦 cos (𝜃 + ) = 𝑧 cos (𝜃 + ) prove that 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦𝑧 + 𝑧𝑥 = 0
3 3
