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WRITING
TASK 1
CHARTS AND GRAPHS

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Figure 1: This is a graph:

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Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4
Series 1 Series 2 Series 3

* Produced by permission of Graphs ‘R Us

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1. What is the subject?

2. What is being measured?

3. What are the units?

4. What is the 8me period?

5. What are the loca8ons?

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INTRODUCTION
The chart shows information about visitors to Australia, 2000-2008.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features,
and make comparisons where relevant.

1. The graph shows information about how many p__________

v__________ Australia, over an eight-year period between 2000 and 2008.

2. The graph illustrates data about the number of p__________ w__________

v__________ Australia, over an eight-year period between 2000 and 2008.

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Rewrite: Car sales in the USA, 2000-2010

èThe graph shows information about how many ...

èThe graph illustrates data about the number of …

Rewrite: Coffee production in Kenya, 1999-2006.

èThe graph shows information about how much ...

èThe graph highlights data about the amount of …

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USEFUL VOCABULARY

ü The number of + plural noun

ü The amount of + uncountable noun
ü The percentage / proportion of + N
ü The figure for N

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Noun phrase with relative clause

• Active:
The number / amount / percentage / proportion of + N + V-ing …
e.g: The number of people travelling to the UK

• Passive:
The number / amount / percentage / proportion of + N + V3/ed …
e.g: The amount of money spent on arts

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USEFUL TIME EXPRESSIONS

• (in the period) from 1990 to 2000

• (in the period) between 1990 and 2000

• between the years 1990 and 2000

• starting in 1990 and ending in 2000

• for/over a ten-year period beginning in 1990

• for a decade starting from 1990

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The graph below shows the differences in wheat exports over three
different areas from 1985 to 1990. 1. What is the subject?

2. What is being measured?

3. What are the units?

4. What is the time period?

5. What are the locations?

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Write an introduction for these two topics

1 Gas produc,on in Russia (2003-2008)

2 Employment rates in the public sector, UK (2006-2010)

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Writing sentences to describe trends

e.g:
- iPod sales increased slightly between 2010 and 2011.
- There was a slight increase in the iPod sales between 2010 and 2011.
- iPod sales witnessed a slight increase between 2010 and 2011.

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1) The proportion of the population aged 65 and over increased __________ approximately
__________ in __________ to __________ in __________ before __________ to
__________ in __________.

2) The proportion of population aged 65 and over …

3) The proportion of population aged 65 and over …

4) The proportion of population aged 65 and over …

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OVERVIEW

- Overal trend from the first year to the last year.

- Highest/lowest at the beginning and end of the period
- Any of the trends are always higher/lower than others
- Big gap/small gap
- Categories

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DETAIL PARAGRAPHS

- Group similarities together

- Organize data logically
- Focus on:
+ the start
+ anything interesting in the middle
+ the end
- Make comparison
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The chart below shows the differences in wheat exports for three regions from 1985 - 1990.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

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The line chart shows a comparison between the amount of wheat exported by three regions
between 1985 and 1990.
Overall, there was a steady fall in Australian wheat exports while the European Community
experienced an opposite trend, and the figure for Canada fluctuated during the period. In
addition, Canada exported the greatest amount of wheat, but in 1990, the exports from the
European Community were more than the others.
As the graph shows, Australia's wheat export figure rose slightly from 15 million tons in 1985 to
around 16 million tons in 1986. Then, it declined steadily to a low of just over 10 million tons in
1990. Regarding Canada, in 1985 approximately 19 million tons of wheat were exported.
Following this, there was a slight decrease to about 17 million in 1986 before reaching a peak of
25 million tons in 1988. Afterward, the figure plunged to below 15 million in 1989, but then
subsequently rose to its 1985 level at the end of the period.
By contrast, the wheat exports from the European Community went in the opposite direction. In
1985, nearly 16 million tons were exported, but this number fell to about 14 million in 1986.
From this point, exports rose gradually to a high of about 21 million tons in 1990, which was
slightly higher than Canada but considerably greater than Australia.

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SIGNPOSTING LANGUAGE

1. To introduce the main point 4. To link similar ideas/trends

Overall / In general / Generally / On the whole Similarly / Likewise
2. To introduce trends / present data
It is clear from the graph that … 5. To indicate opposing ideas/trends
It can be seen from the graph that … In contrast / By contrast / However / On the other hand /
As the graph shows On the contrary
As can be seen from the graph …
As is shown by the graph … 6. To add a further point
Looking at the graph … In addiLon / AddiLonally / Furthermore / Moreover

3. To introduce new trend/data

Regarding / In regard to / As regards
When it comes to / As for / With respect to

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The chart below shows the total number of minutes (in billions) of telephone calls in the UK,
divided into three categories, from 1995-2002.
Summarise the information by selecting a reporting the main features, and make comparisons
where relevant.

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