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Class Notes

Polymorphism in Java refers to the ability of an interface to be used for different underlying forms, allowing the same object to exhibit different behaviors. There are two types of polymorphism: compile-time (method overloading) and runtime (method overriding), with compile-time being resolved during compilation and runtime during execution. Compile-time polymorphism does not require inheritance, while runtime polymorphism does, as it involves subclasses providing specific implementations of methods defined in their superclasses.

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9 views4 pages

Class Notes

Polymorphism in Java refers to the ability of an interface to be used for different underlying forms, allowing the same object to exhibit different behaviors. There are two types of polymorphism: compile-time (method overloading) and runtime (method overriding), with compile-time being resolved during compilation and runtime during execution. Compile-time polymorphism does not require inheritance, while runtime polymorphism does, as it involves subclasses providing specific implementations of methods defined in their superclasses.

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OOPS WITH JAVA 1​

POLYMORPHISM
The word “poly” means “many” and “morphism” means “form”.

The word "Polymorphism" means "many forms".

It is a greek word whose meaning is “same object having different behaviour.”

In Java, polymorphism allows one interface to be used for different underlying forms (data
types or behaviors).

TYPES OF POLYMORPHISM:

Type Also Known As Resolved At

Compile-time Method Overloading Compile Time


Polymorphism

Runtime Polymorphism Method Overriding Runtime

COMPILE TIME POLYMORPHISM:


●​ When multiple methods have the same name but different parameters.
●​ Polymorphism which exists at the time of compilation.
●​ Also called early binding or static polymorphism.
●​ Method overloading is used here

#We can have different return type of method,but name of method should be same and
parameter should be different.
Overloading means whenever a class contain more than one method with same name
and different types of parameters.

class Calculator {

void add(int a, int b)

{System.out.println("Sum (int): " + (a + b));}

void add(double a, double b)

{ System.out.println("Sum (double): " + (a + b));}

void add(int a, int b, int c)

{System.out.println("Sum of 3 numbers: " + (a + b + c));}

public class Test {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Calculator calc = new Calculator();

calc.add(5, 3);

calc.add(5.2, 3.8);

calc.add(1, 2, 3);

RUNTIME POLYMORPHISM:
●​ When a subclass provides a specific implementation of a method that is already
defined in its superclass.
●​ Polymorphism which exists at the time of execution of program.
●​ Method overriding is used here.

Overriding means whenever super and sub class contain method with same name and
same type of parameter.
#We can’t perform method overriding without inheritance.
It first checks whether the superclass have same method or not,if not it generates error.
If @Override is not present,then it calls superclass method.
class Animal {

void sound()

{ System.out.println("Animal makes a sound");}

class Dog extends Animal {

@Override

void sound()

{System.out.println("Dog barks");}

class Cat extends Animal {

@Override

void sound()

{ System.out.println("Cat meows");}

public class Test {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Animal a1 = new Dog(); // Upcasting

Animal a2 = new Cat();

a1.sound(); // Output: Dog barks

a2.sound(); // Output: Cat meows

COMPILE TIME VS RUNTIME


POLYMORPHISM:

Feature Compile-Time Polymorphism Runtime Polymorphism

Also Known As Method Overloading Method Overriding

Resolved When? Compile Time Runtime


Flexibility Less More

Inheritance Required? No Yes

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