Parts of a speech

Conjunctions
Hello everyone! Today, we're diving into the fascinating world of
conjunctions. Think of this presentation as a fun and easy guide to
understanding how these little words act as the glue of our
language, making our sentences flow smoothly and our ideas connect
seamlessly. Get ready to link up some new knowledge!

Teachers: Fabiana Figueras, María Joaquina González, Anella

Graziano
What are Conjunctions?
Connecting Words
Conjunctions are words that serve as the fundamental connectors in language, joining individual words to form more complex
ideas.

Linking Phrases
They act as essential bridges, enabling the seamless integration of different phrases within a sentence, creating coherent
and meaningful expressions.

Bridging Clauses
Beyond words and phrases, conjunctions are crucial for linking clauses, whether independent or dependent, allowing for
sophisticated sentence structures and clear communication.

At their core, conjunctions are like the unsung heroes of grammar. They are the words that connect various linguistic units, from
simple words to complex clauses. Imagine them as tiny bridges that allow your ideas to travel smoothly from one point to another
within a sentence. Some common examples you might already know include "and," "but," "or," "so," and "because." These small but
mighty words ensure clarity and cohesion in our communication.
Types of Conjunctions
Coordinating Subordinating Correlative Conjunctions
Conjunctions Conjunctions
These are pairs of conjunctions
These are the famous FANBOYS (For, These conjunctions connect an that always work together to
And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So). They independent clause with a dependent connect two grammatically equal
join elements of equal grammatical clause, meaning one clause relies elements. They provide a specific
rank, like two words, two phrases, on the other for its full meaning. way to link ideas, often
or two independent clauses. They They introduce the dependent clause emphasizing a choice or a
create a balanced connection and show the relationship between combination.
between ideas. the two clauses, such as cause,
Example: Both the dog and the cat
effect, or time.
Example: I like tea, and I like are friendly.
coffee. Example: Because it was raining, I
took my umbrella.
Coordinating Conjunctions: FANBOYS
1 For (Reason) 2 And (Addition)
Explains the reason or purpose behind an action, much Used to add more information or to combine two similar
like "because." It clarifies why something happened. ideas or elements. It signifies inclusion.

Example: I went to the store, for I needed milk. Example: I like to sing, and I like to dance.

3 Nor (Negative Alternative) 4 But (Contrast)

Presents a negative alternative or choice, typically Shows a contrast or an exception between two ideas. It
used with "neither" or in negative contexts to add signals a shift in thought or a contradiction.
another negative option.
Example: I wanted to go, but I was tired.
Example: I don't like tea, nor do I like coffee.

The acronym FANBOYS is your best friend when it comes to remembering coordinating conjunctions. Each letter stands for a
powerful word that helps connect independent clauses. 'Or' offers alternatives, 'Yet' introduces a contrasting idea, and 'So'
indicates a result. Mastering these seven words will significantly improve your sentence structure and clarity, allowing you
to express complex thoughts with ease.
Subordinating Conjunctions
After
Indicates sequence in time, showing one event happens subsequent to another.

Although
Introduces a contrast or concession, meaning something is true despite another fact.

Because
Explains the reason or cause for the action in the independent clause.

If
Introduces a condition or a hypothetical situation.

Subordinating conjunctions are essential for creating complex sentences by linking a dependent clause (which cannot stand alone) to an
independent clause (which can). They clarify the relationship between the two clauses, such as cause (because ), condition (if ), time (when ), or
contrast (although ). Understanding these connections allows for more nuanced and sophisticated expression in writing and speech. For example,
Although it was cold, I went swimming. This shows a contrast between the cold weather and the action.
Correlative Conjunctions

Both / And Either / Or

Used to emphasize that two subjects or objects are Presents a choice between two alternatives. It signifies
included. It creates a sense of duality or completeness. exclusivity, meaning one option or the other.

Example: Both my brother and my sister are here. Example: You can have either cake or ice cream.

Neither / Nor Not Only / But Also

Indicates that neither of two options is true or Emphasizes that something is true for a second item in
applicable. It is the negative counterpart to "either/or." addition to the first. It often highlights an unexpected or
additional quality.
Example: I like neither tea nor coffee.
Example: She is not only smart but also beautiful.

Correlative conjunctions are special because they always appear in pairs, working together to connect grammatically similar
elements in a sentence. They add a layer of precision and emphasis, allowing you to express complex relationships between ideas.
Other pairs include "whether/or" and "as/as," each serving a specific purpose in sentence construction. Understanding these pairs
helps in building elegant and precise sentences.
Conclusion

Flow Clarity
Conjunctions ensure smooth transitions and They make sentences more precise and
connections between ideas. 1 2 easier to understand.

Practice 4 3 Complexity
Consistent usage and exercises are key to They allow for the creation of more
mastering them. sophisticated sentence structures.

In summary, conjunctions are vital tools that make our sentences not only grammatically correct but also elegant and clear. They
help sentences flow smoothly, ensuring that your message is conveyed effectively without sounding choppy or disjointed. Like any
skill, mastering conjunctions requires practice. The more you read and write, actively paying attention to how these words are
used, the more naturally they will come to you. Remember, practice makes perfect!
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION

videos:

· https://youtu.be/3qbfcHiUrcI?si=0COUqE1PwHORHNmI

· https://youtu.be/B9F_wwSC-jI?si=CdLia2RNWOtq7leF