QUANTITY
1. Some (một vài)
- Dùng trong câu khẳng định, lời mời
- Đứng trước danh từ đếm được số nhiều và danh từ không đếm được
VD: I have some friends.
2. Any (một vài)
- Dùng trong câu phủ định và câu hỏi
- Đứng trước danh từ đếm được số nhiều và danh từ không đếm được
VD: There aren’t any books in the shelf.
3. Many (nhiều)
- Thường dùng trong câu hỏi và câu phủ định, câu khẳng định được dùng ít hơn
- Đi với danh từ đếm được số nhiều
VD: Do you have many cars?
4. A lot of – Lots of (nhiều)
- Được dùng trong câu khẳng đinh và câu nghi vấn
- Đi với danh từ không đếm được và danh từ đếm được số nhiều
VD: We spent a lot of money.
5. A few (một ít)
- Dùng trong câu khẳng định
- Dùng với danh từ đếm được số nhiều
VD: She enjoys her life here. She has a few friends and they meet quite often.
6. A little (một ít)
- Dùng trong câu khẳng định
- Đi với danh từ không đếm được
VD: Have you got any money? - Yes, a little. Do you want to borrow some?
Đối với các danh từ đếm được, có thể sử dụng các trạng từ sau: many , a lot of / lots of
Ví dụ:
- I have many books in my room.
- She raises a lot of dogs.
- He visited many beautiful places on China.
Đối với danh từ không đếm được, bạn có thể sử dụng các trạng từ: much, some, a lot of
Ví dụ:
- I have to deal with much work now, so please let me alone.
- She can speak some Chinese, but not much.
Để nhấn mạnh rằng, có quá nhiều đồ vật, đồ đạc nào đó, bạn có thể thêm “too” hoặc “so” thành: too much, so much
Ví dụ:
- There is too much traffic out there, I don’t want to go outside now.
- She has too many dresses, doesn’t she? Does she want to throw some away?
Ngoài ra, bạn có thể diễn đạt rằng mình có “đủ” nguyên liệu/ đồ vật nào đó bằng trạng từ enough
Ví dụ:
- I have enough money to buy a car.
- Don’t worry, we have enough cupcakes for everybody here.
Một lưu ý trong ngữ pháp tiếng Anh đó là đối với trạng từ không đếm được, bạn dùng các trạng từ sau: a little (ám
chỉ có ít và không đủ dùng), hoặc little (ám chỉ có ít nhưng vẫn đủ dùng).
Ví dụ:
- I have a little money, I need to save it.
- There is a little sugar in the cup, but not much.
Đối với danh từ đếm được, bạn có thể dùng các trạng từ sau: a few (ám chỉ có ít và không đủ dùng), hoặc few (ám chỉ
có ít nhưng vẫn đủ dùng).
Ví dụ:
- She has a few cupcakes, you can ask her.
- My brother has a few toys.
EXERCISES
1. Fill in the blanks.
1. There was _________ anything to eat in the house. (hardly / almost)
2. She came home _________ late last night. (rather / very)
3. I spend _________ too much money on clothes every month. (very / way)
4. He is _________ generous, he always gives his friends money and food. (so / much)
5. It is not pink _________, we should have added more paint. (enough / even)
6. The glass is _________ full, don’t pour in more. (hardly / almost)
7. You talk _________ much on the phone. (way / too)
8. She is _________ sure her wallet got stolen. (quite / fairly)
9. It was _________ his fault because he wasn’t paying attention. (entirely / even)
10. There are _________ of people waiting outside the shop. (lots / much)
Đáp án
1. hardly 6. almost
2. very 7. too
3. way 8. quite
4. so 9. entirely
5. enough 10. lots
2. SOME or ANY
1. I don't have ............... paper.
2. Is there ............... petrol in the car?
3. I buy ...............fruit, but I don't have ...............vegetables.
4. Do you have ............... stamps? I need two.
5. I need ...............butter to make a cake.
6. I don't have ...............free time today. Sorry.
7. Are there............... potatoes in the basket?
8. There is ...............ink-pot on the table.
1/ any 5/ some
2/ any 6/ any
3/ some-any 7/ any
4/ any 8/ some
3 . HOW MUCH or HOW MANY
1. .............................beer is there in the fridge?
2. ...................................eggs do you want?
3. ..........................languages do you speak?
4. ..........................people are there in the class?
5.............................days are there in a week?
6. .............................milk do you drink everyday?
7. ................................kilos of rice do you want?
8. ..............................soda does she want?
1/ How much 5/ How many
2/ How many 6/ How much
3/ How many 7/ How many
4/ How many 8/ How much
Task 4. Điền a / an / some / any vào chỗ trống
1. There is .................. banana in the basket.
2. I need ..................tea.
3. Are there ..................tomatoes in the fridge?
4. We have .........rice, but we don't have ......meat.
5. There's ..................orange on the table.
6. I'd like ..................apple juice.
7. He has ............TV and ............computer.
8. Would you like ..................ice- cream?
9. I have.............. friends in Hue.
10. Do you have ...............dogs or cats at home?
11. Would you like ..................cup of tea?
12. I would like.................. cakes, please.
13. Can I have ............glass of milk?
14. Thank you. And .........box of chocolates would be fine.
1/ a 6/ some 11/ a
2/ some 7/ a – a 12/ some
3/ any 8/ some 13/ a
4/ some –any 9/ some 14/ a
5/ an 10/ any
5. In some of these sentences much is incorrect or unnatural. Change much to many or a lot where necessary.
Write OK if the sentence is correct.
1 We didn't spend much money. OK
2 Sure drinks much tea. a lot of tea
3 Joe always puts much salt on his food. ......
4 We'll have to hurry.We haven't got much time. ......
5 It cost much to repair the car. ......
6 Did it cost much to repair the car? ......
7 I don't know much people in this town. ......
8 I use the phone much at work. ......
9 There wasn't much traffic this morning. ......
10 You need much money to travel round the world. ......
3 a lot of salt 6 OK 8 I use the phone a lot
4 OK 7 many people or a lot of 9 OK
people
5 It cost a lot 10 a lot of money
6. Put in much/many/few/little (one word only)
1 She isn't very popular. She has few friends.
2 Ann is very busy these days. She has .... free time.
3 Did you take .... photographs when you were on holiday?
4 I'm not very busy today. I haven't got .... to do.
5 This is a very modern city. There are .... old building.
6 The weather has been very dry recently. We've had .... rain.
7 "Do you know Rome?" "No, I haven't been there for .... years."
2 little 4 much 6 little
3 many 5 few 7 many
7. Put in a where necessary. Write OK if the sentence is already complete.
1. She is lucky. She has few problems.
2. Things are not going so well for her. She has few problems.
3. Can you lend me few dollars?
4. There was little traffic so the journey didn't rake very long.
5. I can't give you a decision yet. I need little time to think.
6. It was a surprise that he won the match. Few people expected
him to win.
7. I don't know much Spanish – only few words.
8. I wonder how Sam is. I haven't seen him for few months.
3 a few dollars 5 a little time 7 only a few words
4 Ok 6 OK 8 a few month
8. Put in little/a little/few/a few
1 Gary is very busy with his job. He has little time for other things.
2 Listen carefully. I'm going to give you .... advice.
3 Do you mind if I ask you .... question?
4 It's not a very interesting place to visit, so ....tourises come here.
5 I don't think Jill would be a good teacher. She's got .... patience.
6 "Would you like milk in your coffee?" "Yes, .... "
7 This is a very boring place to live. There's .... to do.
8 "Have you ever been to Paris?" "Yes, I've been there .... times."
2 a little 5 little 8 a few
3 a few 6 a little
4 few 7 little
9. Choose the correct answer.
1) I have got ……………….. T-shirts in my wardrobe.
A.Much B.many
2) ……………… pencils did you find yesterday?
A.how much B.how many
3) My dog brings me ………………… different slippers.
A.Much B.many
4) This cow produces …………………. milk.
A.Much B.many
5) ………………. shampoo did you use last week?
A.how much B.how many
6) Paul always gets ………………. homework.
A.Much B.many
7) ………………. castles did he destroy?
A.how much B.how many
8) …………….. love do you need?
A.how much B.how many
9) Andy hasn’t got ……………….. hair.
A.Much B.many
10) I drank too ……………… cola yesterday.
A.Much B.many
1) B 5) A 9) A
2) B 6) A 10) A
3) B 7) B
4) A 8) A
10. a few, few, a little, little, much, many, some, any.
1. There is .................. banana in the basket.
2. I need ..................tea.
3. Are there ..................tomatoes in the fridge?
4. We have .........rice, but we don't have ......meat.
5. There's ..................orange on the table.
6. I'd like ..................apple juice.
7. He has ............TV and ............computer.
8. Would you like ..................ice- cream?
9. I have.............. friends in Hue.
10. Do you have ...............dogs or cats at home?
11. Would you like ..................cup of tea?
12. I would like.................. cakes, please.
13. Can I have ............glass of milk?
14. Thank you. And .........box of chocolates would be fine.
KEY
1/ a 6/ some 11/ a
2/ some 7/ a – a 12/ some
3/ any 8/ some 13/ a
4/ some –any 9/ some 14/ a
5/ an 10/ any
5. In some of these sentences much is incorrect or unnatural. Change much to many or a lot where necessary.
Write OK if the sentence is correct.
1 We didn't spend much money. OK
2 Sure drinks much tea. a lot of tea
3 Joe always puts much salt on his food. ......
4 We'll have to hurry.We haven't got much time. ......
5 It cost much to repair the car. ......
6 Did it cost much to repair the car? ......
7 I don't know much people in this town. ......
8 I use the phone much at work. ......
9 There wasn't much traffic this morning. ......
10 You need much money to travel round the world. ......
KEY
3 a lot of salt 6 OK 9 OK
4 OK 7 many people or a lot of people 10 a lot of money
5 It cost a lot 8 I use the phone a lot
6. Put in much/many/few/little (one word only)
1 She isn't very popular. She has few friends.
2 Ann is very busy these days. She has .... free time.
3 Did you take .... photographs when you were on holiday?
4 I'm not very busy today. I haven't got .... to do.
5 This is a very modern city. There are .... old building.
6 The weather has been very dry recently. We've had .... rain.
7 "Do you know Rome?" "No, I haven't been there for .... years."
KEY
2 little 4 much 6 little
3 many 5 few 7 many
7. Put in a where necessary. Write OK if the sentence is already complete.
1. She is lucky. She has few problems.
2. Things are not going so well for her. She has few problems.
3. Can you lend me few dollars?
4. There was little traffic so the journey didn't rake very long.
5. I can't give you a decision yet. I need little time to think.
6. It was a surprise that he won the match. Few people expected
him to win.
7. I don't know much Spanish – only few words.
8 I wonder how Sam is. I haven't seen him for few months.
KEY
3 a few dollars 5 a little time 7 only a few words
4 Ok 6 OK 8 a few months
8. Put in little/a little/few/a few
1 Gary is very busy with his job. He has little time for other things.
2 Listen carefully. I'm going to give you .... advice.
3 Do you mind if I ask you .... question?
4 It's not a very interesting place to visit, so ....tourises come here.
5 I don't think Jill would be a good teacher. She's got .... patience.
6 "Would you like milk in your coffee?" "Yes, .... "
7 This is a very boring place to live. There's .... to do.
8 "Have you ever been to Paris?" "Yes, I've been there .... times."
KEY
2 a little 5 little 8 a few
3 a few 6 a little
4 few 7 little
9. Choose the correct answer.
1) I have got ……………….. T-shirts in my wardrobe.
A.Much B.many
2) ……………… pencils did you find yesterday?
A.how much B.how many
3) My dog brings me ………………… different slippers.
A.Much B.many
4) This cow produces …………………. milk.
A.Much B.many
5) ………………. shampoo did you use last week?
A.how much B.how many
6) Paul always gets ………………. homework.
A.Much B.many
7) ………………. castles did he destroy?
A.how much B.how many
8) …………….. love do you need?
A.how much B.how many
9) Andy hasn’t got ……………….. hair.
A.Much B.many
10) I drank too ……………… cola yesterday.
A.Much B.many
KEY
1) B 5) A 9) A
2) B 6) A 10) A
3) B 7) B
4) A 8) A
10. a few, few, a little, little, much, many, some, any.
1) The postman doesn’t often come here. We receive ………….. letters.
2) The snow was getting quite deep. I had ……………….. hope of getting home that night.
3)
A: I’m having ……………… trouble fixing this shelf.
B: Oh, dear. Can I help you?
4) I shall be away for …………. days from tomorrow.
5) Tony is a keen golfer, but unfortunately he has …………… ability.
KEY
1) The postman doesn’t often come here. We receive few letters.
2) The snow was getting quite deep. I had a little/little hope of getting home that night.
3)
A: I’m having a little trouble fixing this shelf.
B: Oh, dear. Can I help you?
4) I shall be away for a few/many/some days from tomorrow.
5) Tony is a keen golfer, but unfortunately he has little ability.
