TEACHER’S NOTES

WORKSHEETS, ACTIVITIE S & GA ME S -ed Sounds

Activity Type Introduction

Grammar Exercises: gap- Here is a past simple regular verbs worksheet to help students
fill, categorizing practice -ed sounds.
Speaking Activity: Procedure
pronunciation, controlled
practice (pair work) Give each student a copy of the worksheet.

Students start by completing a conversation with regular verbs

Focus from a box on the worksheet in the past simple.
Past simple regular verbs
Exercise A - Answer key
-ed pronunciation
1. watched 9. baked
2. played 10. painted
Aim 3. called 11. visited
4. looked 12. liked
To practice the -ed
5. stayed 13. wanted
sounds of past simple
6. washed 14. waited
regular verbs.
7. cooked 15. enjoyed
8. cleaned 16. started
Preparation
Next, in pairs, students then read the conversation together.
Make one copy of the
worksheet for each After that, explain the rules associated with -ed sounds of past
student. simple regular verbs.

Students then follow the rules in the table and put the past simple
Level regular verbs from the conversation into the correct column.
Elementary (A1-A2)
Exercise B - Answer key

Time /d/
/t/
/ id /
unvoiced: p, k, s, f,
25 minutes all other sounds d and t sounds.
th, ch, sh
looked
played painted
washed
cleaned wanted
watched
called waited
cooked
stayed visited
baked
enjoyed started
liked

Finally, pairs read the conversation again using the correct

pronunciation of the -ed sounds.

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 PAST SIMPLE REGULAR VERBS

WORKSHEETS, ACTIVITIE S & GA ME S -ed Sounds

A. Complete the conversation with the regular verbs from the box in the past simple.
Then, read the conversation with a partner.

like wait stay cook want paint visit look

call wash start enjoy watch play bake clean

A: Hey Alex, I (1) .................... a good football match on TV last night.

B: Who (2) ....................?
A: Manchester United played Liverpool. Liverpool won by four goals.
B: W
 ow. I (3) .................... you last night, but you didn't answer the phone.
A: Sorry about that. I lost my phone. I (4) .................... for it everywhere. I found it this
morning under my bed.
B: That's lucky. So, what did you do yesterday?
A: Nothing much. I (5) .................... home all day.
B: Did you do anything at home?
A: Let me see. I (6) .................... my clothes. I (7) ....................
a steak, and I (8) .................... the kitchen.
B: Did you do anything else?
A: I (9) .................... a cake for my girlfriend's birthday. I also (10) .................... a picture
to give her.
B: That's nice. When is her birthday?
A: I t's today. I (11) .................... her this morning. She really (12) .................... the cake
and picture, so I was happy. What did you do today?
B: M
 y friend (13) .................... to go out for lunch, so we went to that new Italian
restaurant. Then, we went to the cinema. The cinema was busy. We (14) ....................
for a long time to get the tickets, but the movie was good. We (15) .................... it.
B: That's great. I (16) .................... working on the school project this afternoon. Do you
want to be in my group?
A: Yes, I'll come to your house this evening. We can work on it together.

B. Past simple regular verb -ed endings can be pronounced in three ways: d, t, or id.
Follow the rules and put the past simple regular verbs from the conversation into the
correct columns.

/d/ /t/ / id /
all other sounds unvoiced: p, k, s, f, th, ch, sh d and t sounds.

C. Now, read the conversation again using the correct pronunciation of the -ed sounds.

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 Regular Past Tense: Pronunciation of -ed ending: [t], [d] & [id]

-ed as [t]

Voiceless sound: – p – k – s – ch – sh – f – x – h - pronounce -ed as [t]

hoped asked
joked lunched
jumped briefed
laughed brushed
locked cooked
missed danced
mixed dropped

Remember that it depends on the ending sound of the verb, not the letter. For example, in advise, the ‘s’ is
pronounced as a [z]. Therefore, it doesn’t have the [t] ending sound.

-ed as [d]

Voiced sound: – l – v – n – m – r – b – v – g – w – y – z – and vowel sounds pronounce -ed as [d]

agreed explored
allowed happened
believed imagined
called filled
carried listened
cleaned answered

-ed as [id]

Verbs ending with –t or -d pronounce -ed as [id]

attended invented
arrested needed
contacted printed
decided provided
divided respected
expected started
invited ended

Spelling rules

Infinitive Past form Spelling rule

Watch, play Watched, played Add -ed
Live, Hope Lived, hoped Verbs ending in e, add -d
Stop, travel Stopped, travelled Verbs ending with vowel + consonant = double the
consonant
Study, try Studied, tried Verbs ending with consonant + ‘y’ = change ‘y’ to ‘I’ and
add -ed
 Regular Past Tense Revision

Here are some regular past verbs. Write them in the columns below according to their pronunciation:

Like Wash Live

Walk Play Watch
Look Try Enjoy
Listen Pay Jump
Talk Paint Faint
Chat Study Borrow
Arrive Dance Answer
Travel Pick Touch

[t] [d] [id]

Complete the sentences using the verbs in the past tense (regular and irregular).

1. I __________ (need) a pencil to write a letter.

2. John __________ (play) his guitar every day last week.
3. I __________ (jog) every Wednesday and Sunday last month.
4. Anna __________ (score) two goals in the football match last week.
5. The police __________ (arrest) both the bank robbers.
6. We __________ (take) some photos yesterday.
7. Last night we __________ (watch) a great film on my new TV.
8. She __________ (ride) her bike to work when she lived in London.
9. The students __________ (answer) all the questions correctly.
10. He __________ (drop) the ball and they ____________ (lose) the match.
11. I __________ (buy) a new TV last week.
12. He __________ (listen) to the radio in the evening.
13. James __________ (study) Chemistry at Cambridge University.
14. Annie __________ (catch) the train at six this morning.

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 English-Zone.Com Pronunciation Worksheet NAME:___________________
final –ed: [t] [d] [\d] DATE:______________
1. Use /t/ after unvoiced final sounds 2. Use /d/ after voiced final sounds 3. Use / \d/ after
f, k, p, s, tß (ch), ß (sh), † (th) b, g, Ω(j), l, m, n, ˜, r, ∂(th), v, z, + vowels final /d/ and /t/ .
look - looked (t) push - pushed (t) sob - sobbed (d) roam - roamed (d) **/\d/ adds an extra syllable
ask - asked (t) watch - watched (t) believe - believed (d) judge - judged (d) need - needed (\d)
help - helped(t) dress - dressed (t) fill - filled (d) enjoy - enjoyed (d) wait – waited (\d)

Final -ed. Choose the correct sound for each underlined -ed below.
① [ t ] marked /markt/ ② [ d ] hugged /h\gd/ ③ [ \d ] painted /peynt\d/
① ● ③ Ex.1. love / loved 21. play / played ① ② ③
① ② ● Ex. 2. repeat / repeated 22. watch / watched ① ② ③
① ② ③ 1. dish / dished 23. page / paged ① ② ③
① ② ③ 2. like / liked 24. walk / walked ① ② ③
① ② ③ 3. add / added 25. depend / depended ① ② ③
① ② ③ 4. laugh / laughed 26. fax / faxed ① ② ③
① ② ③ 5. stop / stopped 27. bug / bugged ① ② ③
① ② ③ 6. rub / rubbed 28. kiss / kissed ① ② ③
① ② ③ 7. end / ended 29. believe / believed ① ② ③
① ② ③ 8. mix / mixed 30. dance / danced ① ② ③
① ② ③ 9. box / boxed 31. ask / asked ① ② ③
① ② ③ 10. call / called 32. part / parted ① ② ③
① ② ③ 11. study / studied 33. date / dated ① ② ③
① ② ③ 12. point / pointed 34. decide / decided ① ② ③
① ② ③ 13. stay / stayed 35. enjoy / enjoyed ① ② ③
① ② ③ 14. present / presented 36. investigate / investigated ① ② ③
① ② ③ 15. marry / married 37. romance / romanced ① ② ③
① ② ③ 16. work / worked 38. dream / dreamed ① ② ③
① ② ③ 17. dress / dressed 39. pat / patted ① ② ③
① ② ③ 18. create / created 40. wage / waged ① ② ③
① ② ③ 19. talk / talked 41. finish / finished ① ② ③
① ② ③ 20. continue / continued 42. wait / waited ① ② ③

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 The Pronunciation of Regular Verbs in the Past Exercise

1 Place the verbs into the correct columns below. There are ten answers for each column.

allowed flooded mixed visited

asked guessed pasted wasted
cracked included relaxed washed
cried jailed repeated watched
damaged killed shaved welcomed
decided landed slipped yawned
encouraged loved stopped
ended missed tasted

1­/ d/ 2­ /t/ 3­/ id /

1 ............................ 1 ............................ 1 ............................

2 ............................ 2 ............................ 2 ............................

3 ............................ 3 ............................ 3 ............................

4 ............................ 4 ............................ 4 ............................

5 ............................ 5 ............................ 5 ............................

6 ............................ 6 ............................ 6 ............................

7 ............................ 7 ............................ 7 ............................

8 ............................ 8 ............................ 8 ............................

9 ............................ 9 ............................ 9 ............................

10 ............................ 10 ............................ 10 ............................

2 Complete the rules for the pronunciation of regular verbs in the past.

i. When the regular verb ends in a vowel sound or voiced consonant sound (B, G, L, M, N, V, Y and Z),
the ­ed ending is pronounced /......... /.

ii. When the regular verb ends in an unvoiced consonant sound (K, F,P, S, ­SH, ­TCH or X), the ­ed
ending is pronounced /......... /.

iii. The ­ed ending is pronounced /id/ when the verb ends in the consonant sounds /......... / and /......... / .

www.autoenglish.org Written by Bob Wilson ©Robert Clifford McNair Wilson 2008

 Pronunciation Practice Exercises for final ‘ed’
All voiceless sounds take /t/ Voiced sounds take /d/ “T”, and “D” sounds take
Voiceless sounds are made Voiced sounds come from /ed/
by pushing air through your your throat. If you touch The sound /ed/ adds a whole
mouth; no sound comes your neck when you make a syllable to a word
from your throat. voiced sound, you can feel
your voice box vibrate
Examples of voiceless sounds Examples of voiced sounds: Example: Looked →look/t/ = one
: “K”, “P”, “S”, “Ch”, “Sh”, “L”, “V”, “N”, “B” and all syllable
“F” vowel sounds. Needed →need/ed/ = two syllables
EXAMPLES: EXAMPLES: EXAMPLES:
looked → look/t/ smell → smell/d/ decided → decide/ed/
clapped → clap/t/ saved → save/d/ needed → need/ed/

Say the following words out loud and the put them in the correct columns according to the sound
of the adjective or regular past 'ed':

amazed danced listened packed pointed stopped

asked delighted looked placed reiterated tripped
boasted drained naked played screamed wanted
covered laughed opened pleased shouted wasted

/t/ /d/ /Id/

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Complete the sentences with the verbs on the right
and write the correct final “–ed pronunciation”
( /-t/; /-d/; /Id/ ) in the bubbles over the verbs.
1- We really ……………………. the party. We had a fantastic time!
2- Lucy ……………… hard for her last exam but unfortunately she
………………… it. However, she ……………….. all her other exams.
3- We all ……………….. at the joke that Robert told. It was really
funny.
4- A cold hand ……………………. me on the shoulder and I ………………
round immediately.
5- We ………………….in a comfortable hotel when we were in Paris.
6- The lesson ………………………. earlier than usual yesterday.
Mr. Adams, the teacher, didn’t feel very well.
7- Rob and his wife …………………….. to stay at home last weekend.
They were too tired to go out.
8- It’s really cool and nice outside. The house is ……………………….
by trees.
9- They ……………………… the robbery carefully. They didn’t want
to make any mistakes.
10- John ……………………..his mum’s help to do his homework. It was
too difficult for him.
11- He took a bottle of wine and ………………………… his glass.
12- The man ………………………… being responsible for the accident.

Complete the sentences in the past simple form of

the verbs below and match them to the pictures.

1- The soldier ……………………… his people against the attacks.

2- Mary …………………… her friends a very Happy New Year.
3- Alan …………….. his letter in the post box outside the bank.
4- My uncle …………………. the Internet for the information he
needed.
5- It ……………………. all night, so the children could make a
snowman and throw snowballs the morning after.
6- The policeman …..……… the thief two days after his crime.
7- The teenagers ………………… to CDs and …………….……. to their
favourite music all evening at Brian’s birthday party.
8- Mr. Roberts ……………. a difficult question but his students
…………………….. correctly. They are very good students!
9- Philip and his dad ………………….. their teeth after lunch.
10- Jane ……………………. the living-room carpet this morning.
11- James …………………….. his friend’s motorbike last weekend.
12- Boris ………………….. the guitar that he got for Christmas.

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