10.Disaster Management.

Q.1) Complete the table.

(Motor accident, Land sliding, Forest fire, theft, riot, war, epidemic, drought, locust attack, financial
crisis, flood, famine)
Disaster Symptoms Effects Remedy

i) Disaster : Motor accident.

Symptoms :
i) Damage to vehicles.
ii) Travellers are hurt.
iii) Death of a driver or passenger.

Effects :
i) Injured passengers.
ii) Damage to vehicles.

Remedy :
i) Speed maintenance.
ii) Avoid overtaking.
iii) Not to drink and drive.
iv) Wear seat belts.

2) Disaster : Land sliding.

Symptoms :
i) Soil erosion ii) Land – slide.

Effects :
i) Roads blocked ii) Loss and damage to vehicles.

Remedy :
i) Fencing and putting nets ii) cement coating

3) Disaster : Forest Fire.

Symptoms :
i) Rise in temperature ii) Fire may spread across.

Effects :
i) Trees are burnt ii) loss of agricultural crops.

Remedy :
i) Try to extinguish fire as early as possible.

4) Disaster : Theft.
Symptoms :
i) Cash and articles loss ii) Faulty bank transaction. iii) Piracy

Effects :
i) Monetary loss ii) Psychological effect
Remedy :
i) Take care of belongings ii) Police should be called.

5) Disaster : Riots
Symptoms : Mob, shouting slogans, stone pelting, fires

Effects : Noise pollution, Loss of property, people get injured.

Remedy : Call the police, Establish society meetings.

6) Disasters : War
Symptoms : Encroachment, crossing LOC, Firing.

Effects : Life gets disturbed, Loss of young soldiers, Economic loss.

Remedy : Peace agreement, world wide efforts.

7) Disaster : Epidemic.
Symptoms : Economic loss, Diseases.
Effect : People fall victim, Diseases spread.
Remedy : Maintain cleanliness, timely treatment, destroy vectors.

8) Disaster : Drought / Famine.

Symptoms : Water shortage, No rains
Effects : Cracks in the land, spread of diseases.
Remedy : Rain water shortage, Clean drainage.

9) Disaster : Locust attack

Symptoms : Crops get destroyed, plantation get spoilt.
Effects : Economic loss for farmer, Price of fruits, vegetables, increases
Remedy : Spray suitable insecticide and pesticide.

10) Disaster : Financial crisis

Symptoms : Gold and silver purchase is stopped, No money for rolling is available, Increase in rates
of essential commodities.
Effects : Loss in business, Inflation, shortage of essential commodities.
Remedy : Economy should pay attention to common man, Employment should increased.

11) Disaster : Flood

Symptoms : Heavy rains, drainage blocked.
Effects : Traffic disturbed, causes accidents
Remedy : Clean and clear blockage in drains, rescue people.

Q.2) Write short notes :

1) Disaster management Authority.
Ans. 1) Disaster management Authority is the body that works at the level of government.
2) At national level there is national disaster management authority for which the prime minister is
the chairman.
3) For every state there are state disaster management authority, where the chief minister of every
state is the chairman.
4) Under the state level, there are district level units where district collector is responsible for
disaster management.
5) Below district level authority there are taluka for which tahsildar is the chairman.
6) Below taluka level there are village disaster management committee in which sarpanch of the
village is responsible for management of disasters at village level.

2) Nature of disaster management.

Ans. 1) Disaster management involves either prevention of disaster or creating preparedness to face
them.
2) Disaster management is done in two modes; i.e pre – disaster management and post – disaster
management.
3) For disaster management the action plans are prepared.
4) At every level there are other voluntary organizations and Government meteorological
institutions for their help in disaster management.

3) Mock drill.
Ans. 1) Mock drill is a practice to check preparedness of facing the disaster as early as possible.
2) It helps in evaluating the response to the disaster.
3) Mock drill helps to check the competency of planned actions and identifying the possible errors
and risks.
4) Mock drills includes demonstrations like extinguishing the fire, rescuing the people trapped at
higher floors of the building, rescuing the persons whose clothing have caught fire etc.

4) Disaster management Act 2005

Ans. 1) Government of India has made disaster management Act in 2005.
2) As per this act, National disaster response force has been established.
3) This force consists of 12 divisions in entire India which are attached with Indian army.
4) Its headquarter is in Delhi and it is in action all over the country with the help of army.
5) In Maharashtra, national disaster response force is in action through state reserve police force.
6) The personnel of this force are trained accordingly, and they take part in the rescue work during
different disasters.

Q.3) Answer the following questions.

1) Explain the role of district disaster control unit after occurrence of any disaster.
Ans. 1) Disaster control unit looks after the disaster management of the district.
2) It is immediately formed either after the impact of disaster or if warning is given about some
upcoming disaster.
3) It keeps continuous contact with various agencies like army, airforce, Navy, telecommunication
department, paramilitary forces etc for getting help.
4) It also coordinates with various voluntary organizations for their help in disaster management.
5) It tries to establish the normal condition and proper rehabilitation as early as possible.

2) Give the reasons for increase in human disasters after the world war – II
Ans. 1) After the second world war the feelings of peace and brotherhood among the global citizens
were lost.
2) The financial losses has incurred in the world war II.
3) Terrorism, robberies and social unrest increased in almost all the countries.
4) At the end of world war II, the atomic bombs were dropped in Japan. This has created health
problems in the entire world.
5) Due to population explosion, the basic needs is increased after the world war II.
3) Which are the objectives of disaster management ?
Ans. Objectives of disaster management:
i) To save human life from disaster.
ii) To help them, for moving away from the place of disasters by rapid action.
iii) To supply essential commodities to the affected people.
iv) To bring back the conditions of affected people to normalacy.
v) Rehabilitate disaster victims.

4) Why it is essential to get the training of first aid ?

Ans. i) First aid training is extremely necessary for every citizen.
ii) Use of this knowledge is useful for offering help to the people around facing any disaster and
injury.
iii) The first aid measures differ from person to person according to the type and intensity of
disaster.
iv) Victims of disaster need to be offered some primary help before actual medical treatment.
v) First aid training can help in saving life in actual disaster time.

5) Which different methods are used for transportation of patients ? Why ?

Ans. Following are the methods used for transportation of patients:
i) Cradle Method : This method is used for children and person with less weight.
ii) Carrying Piggy back : This method is useful in carrying the unconscious persons.
iii) Human crutch Method : If one leg of the person is injured, then the victim is supported with
minimum load on the other leg. This is called Human crutch method.
iv) Pulling or lifting Method : This method is used for carrying an unconscious patient, through a
short distance.
v) Carrying on four hand chair : This is useful when support is needed for the part below waist.
vi) Carrying on two hand chair : Patients that cannot use their hands but can hold their body upright
are carried by such method.
vii) Stretcher : In an emergency if a conventional stretcher is not available then a temporary
stretcher can be made using bamboos, blanket, etc.

Q.4) On the basis of structure of disaster management Authority, Form the same for your school.
Ans. School trust disaster management Authority.
Chairman : Secretory of the management.

School Disaster management Authority.

Chairman : Principal

School section disaster management Authority.

Chairman : Vice Principal / Supervisor

Class disaster management Authority.

Chairman : Class teacher / class monitor.

Q.5) Write down the reasons, effects and remedial measures taken for any two disasters
experienced by you.
Ans. 1) Disaster : Accident of a four wheeler on the road.
Causes :
i) Overspeeding of the vehicle.
ii) Driver was talking on his mobile phone while driving.
Effects :
i) Persons in the vehicle got severely hurt.
ii) Driver died on the spot.
iii) Vehicle caught fire after banging on the nearby shop.
Remedial measures :
i) Victims were immediately taken to nearby hospital.
ii) Police was informed.

2) Disaster : Bus fell from the overbridge into the flowing river.
Causes :
i) The driver was driving bus at a reckless speed and lost his control.
Effects :
i) Some passenger died, drowned and some were severely injured.
ii) The wall of the bridge got damaged.
Remedial measures :
i) Villagers residing near the river rushed for help.
ii) Survivors were given first aid immediately and were rushed to near by hospitals.
iii) Police was informed.

Q.6) Which different aspects of disaster management would you check for school ? Why ?
Ans. Following are the things that can be checked :
i) First aid box to provide first aid to victims of injuries.
ii) Fire extinguisher to extinguish fire in case of emergency.
iii) Source of pure water for drinking if people are stuck up.
iv) Stretcher and wheel chair to carry children to hospitals.
v) Emergency exists are clear for evacuation in case of any disaster.

Q.7) Identify the type of disaster.

1) Terrorism - Man made disaster
2) Soil erosion - Geophysical disaster
3) Hepatitis - Biological disaster
4) Forest fire - Biological disaster
5) Famine - Geophysical disaster
6) Theft - Man made disaster

Q.8) Some symbols are given below. Explain those symbols which disaster may occur if those
symbols are ignored ?
i) Toxic or irritant : If toxic or harmful chemical or gas is carried through cylindes.
If ignored can cause leakage and leads to several damage.

ii) Danger : If there is a danger to life this symbol is used.

If ignored can cause loss of life.

iii) Harmful for aquatic life : Chemical effluents if left in water can cause loss of aquatic life.

iv) Dangerous for health : Specially for tobacco and alcohol. If ignored can cause cancer.
v) Corrosive : The corrosive substances are very reactive. Their touch can cause skin corrosion.

vi) Oxidiser : Their contacts can cause damage to metals. Therefore oxidizing substances should be
handled with care.

vii) Inflammable : If any highly inflammable material is carried through a vehicle then this tag is used.
If ignored can cause fire.

viii) Explosive : If a vehicle is carrying explosive material then this symbol is used. If ignored can
cause explosion.

ix) Compressed gas : If ignored can cause gas leakage and damage.

Q.9) Explain that why it is said like that ?

A) Mock drill is useful.
Ans. Refer short notes Q.3)

B) Effective disaster management makes us well prepared for future.

Ans. Disaster can strike any time. The sudden disaster can be man made with some bad intentions or
may be accidental. When natural calamity strikes it is a very sudden and has a huge impact. It is most
appropriate to have the preparedness to reduce the impact of any disasters that may strike in the
future. We cannot control the onset of the natural disaster but we can definitely reduce the harsh
effect of the disaster by following disaster management plan.

Q.10) Complete the following chart:

Properties of pre disaster management.

Identification of disaster prone areas.

Collecting the information about the intensity

Of disaster and probable sites of disaster.

Getting special training for disaster

Management.

Increasing awareness about disaster

management.

Q.11) Following are the pictures of some disasters. How will be your pre and post disaster
management in case you face any of those disaster ?
a) The disaster is a leakage of cooking gas cylinder.
This may cause suffocation, difficulty in breathing and can lead to fire.
Open the doors and windows, switch off electric supply and close the cylinder knob.

b) Here the disaster is fighting between children. There may be abusive language used and can lead
to noise pollution. Also it can lead to serious injuries. We will stop them immediately and separate
them. Understand the root cause will try to explain to them the importance of friendship. If any
body is hurt first aid should be provided.

c) The disaster here is heavy rains and flooding. To prevent water logging we should keep man holes
open for drainage.
Rescuing people from the water logged areas by using ropes, boats, etc.
Temporary shelter should be given to effected people. Essential commodities should be provided.
Electric supply should be restored at the earliest.

d) The disaster is a cyclone. There may be incidence of up rootment of trees, buildings collapse etc.
Rescue operation for the victims should be immediately arranged. Temporary shelters should be
given to the victims.