Assignment 1: Sets, Relations & Functions
1. If A = {a, b, c, d, e, f}, insert proper symbol ∈ or ∉ in the blank spaces:
a) b _____ A b) g _____ A c) e _____ A d) i _____ A e) k _____ A
2. Write the following in the set builder form:
a) {1, 3, 5, 7, 9} b) {M, A, T, H, E, I, C, S}
3. Write the following sets in roster form:
a) {𝑥: 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 6 = 0, 𝑥 ∈ 𝑁} b) {𝑥: 3𝑥 + 5 < 23, 𝑥 ∈ 𝑁}
4. Write down the subsets of the following:
a) {3, {1}, 2} b) {4, 0, 1}
5. If 𝐴 = {3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11}, 𝐵 = {7, 9, 11, 13}, 𝐶 = {11, 13, 15} and 𝐷 = {15, 11, 17}, find:
a) A ∩ B b) B ∩ C c) A ∩ B ∩ C d) B ∩ D e) A ∩ (B ∪ C) f) A ∪ (B ∩ D)
g) (A ∩ B) ∩ (B ∪ C) h) (A ∪ D) ∩ (B ∪ C)
6. If 𝐴 = {𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑}, 𝐵 = {𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑}, 𝐶 = {𝑎, 𝑐, 𝑑, 𝑒} verify the following identities:
a) A ∪ (B ∩ C) = (A ∪ B) ∩ (A ∪ C) b) A – (B ∪ C) = (A – B) ∩ (A – C)
7. If 𝑈 = {1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}, 𝐴 = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}, 𝐵 = {1, 2, 7, 4, 8} and 𝐶 = {0, 3, 7, 6, 1}, verify:
a) (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)′ = 𝐴′ ∪ 𝐵′ b) 𝐴 − (𝐵 ∪ 𝐶) = (𝐴 − 𝐵) ∩ (𝐴 – 𝐶)
8. For any three sets A, B and C, prove the following:
a) (A ∪ B)′ = A′ ∩ B′ b) A = (A ∩ B) ∪ (A − B) c) (𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) − (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = (𝐴 − 𝐵) ∪ (𝐵 − 𝐴)
d) A ∩ (B – C) = (A ∩ B) – (A ∩ C)
9. If A and B are two sets such that n(A) = 17, n(B) = 23 and n(A ∪ B) = 38, find n(A ∩ B)
10. In a committee, 50 people speak French, 20 speak Spanish, and 10 speak both Spanish and French. How
many speak at least one of the two languages?
11. In a graduate class of 200 students, 80 students have taken Physics, 90 have taken Biology, 35 have taken
Chemistry, 32 have taken both Biology and Physics, 23 have taken both Chemistry and Physics, 10 have
taken both Biology and Chemistry and 8 have taken all the three subjects. How many have not taken any of
the three subjects?
12. A survey of 500 television viewers produced the following information: 285 watch football, 195v watch
hockey, 115 watch basketball, 45 watch football and basketball, 70 watch football and hockey, 50 watch
hockey and basketball, 50 do not watch any of the three games. How many watch all the three games? How
many watch exactly one of the three games?
13. Given 𝐴 = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6}, list the elements of the following relations:
a) {(x, y) ∈ A x A: x < y} b) {(x, y) ∈ A x A: x = y} c) {(x, y) ∈ A x A: x is a divisor of y and x ≠ y)
14. Express the relation R from 𝐴 = {3, 5, 7, 9, 11} into 𝐵 = {2, 6, 8, 10} as a set of ordered pairs defined by:
a) R: is a multiple of b) R: divides c) a R b if a < b
15. Write the relation matrix for the following relations and draw the digraph of each:
a) A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and R = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 3), (1, 3), (1, 4), (4, 5), (5, 1), (1, 5), (4, 1)}
b) A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and R = {(x, y): x > y}
16. If 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 is defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 3, find 𝑓 −1 (7) and 𝑓 −1 (12)
Assignments | Sets, Relations & Functions 1|P a g e
17. If 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 is defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 − 4, find 𝑓 −1 (9), 𝑓 −1 (−2) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓 −1 (−16)
18. If 𝐴 = {2, 4, 3, 5}, and 𝐵 = {4, 7, 10, 13} and 𝑓: 𝐴 → 𝐵 is defined by 𝑓(𝑎) = 3𝑎 − 2 for all a ∈ A, show that 𝑓 is
both one-to-one and onto. Also write the inverse function and the inverse of each element of A.
19. Is the function 𝑓: 𝑍 → 𝑍 defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 3, one to one? Is it onto?
20. Show that the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥 − 5 is both one to one and onto, and find 𝑓 −1
𝑥−3 1 1
21. Show that the function 𝑓: 𝐴 → 𝐵 defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = , where 𝐴 = 𝑅 − {− } and 𝐵 = 𝑅 − { } is bijective.
2𝑥 + 1 2 2
Also find 𝑓 −1 (𝑥).
1 4
22. For the function 𝑓: 𝐴 → 𝐵 defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = , where 𝐴 = 𝑅 − { } and 𝐵 = 𝑅 − {0}, find 𝑓 −1 (𝑥).
3𝑥 − 4 3
Answers
13 2 𝑥+2
(9) 2 (10) 60 (11) 52 (12) 20, 325 (16) {–2, 2}, {–3, 3} (17) { } , { } , {−4} (18) (19) Neither
3 3 3
𝑥+5 𝒙+𝟑 𝟏 + 𝟒𝒙
(20) (21) (22)
4 𝟏 − 𝟐𝒙 𝟑𝒙
Assignments | Sets, Relations & Functions 2|P a g e
