📘 Multiple-Choice Questions (with Options Only)

1. What is a fallacy?
A) A valid argument
B) A factual error
C) A mistake in reasoning
D) A form of syllogism
2. Which type of fallacy is identified by analyzing the content, not structure?
A) Formal fallacy
B) Structural fallacy
C) Syllogistic fallacy
D) Informal fallacy
3. Which fallacy involves using threats to force agreement?
A) Appeal to Pity
B) Appeal to Authority
C) Appeal to Force
D) Straw Man
4. “You should give me the job. I have three sick children.” This is an example of:
A) Appeal to Force
B) Appeal to Pity
C) Red Herring
D) Hasty Generalization
5. “Everyone believes this policy is good, so it must be good.” This is:
A) Appeal to Authority
B) Appeal to Ignorance
C) Bandwagon
D) False Cause
6. “Don’t listen to her argument on marriage—she’s been divorced twice!”
A) Ad Hominem Abusive
B) Straw Man
C) Appeal to Pity
D) Missing the Point
7. A person misrepresents another's argument and refutes the distorted version. This is:
A) Red Herring
B) Straw Man
C) Appeal to People
D) Ad Hominem
8. Which fallacy is committed when a conclusion unrelated to the premises is drawn?
A) Red Herring
B) Straw Man
C) Missing the Point
D) Tu Quoque
9. “All birds can fly. Penguins are birds. Therefore, penguins can fly.”
A) Weak Analogy
B) Formal Fallacy
C) Hasty Generalization
D) Appeal to Ignorance
10. “You smoke, so how can you tell me not to smoke?” is an example of:
A) Ad Hominem Abusive
B) Tu Quoque
C) Straw Man
D) Red Herring
11. The desire to conform with the majority leads to which fallacy?
A) Tu Quoque
B) Ad Hominem
C) Bandwagon
D) False Analogy
12. “Only classy people drink this wine. You’re classy. So drink it.”
A) Appeal to Pity
B) Appeal to Force
C) Appeal to Snobbery
D) Red Herring
13. Changing the subject to avoid an argument’s real issue is:
A) Straw Man
B) Red Herring
C) Accident
D) Weak Analogy
14. Applying a general rule to a specific case where it doesn't fit is:
A) Straw Man
B) Red Herring
C) Accident
D) Missing the Point
15. “He supports free healthcare, but he’s rich—he must have an agenda.”
A) Ad Hominem Circumstantial
B) Ad Hominem Abusive
C) Red Herring
D) Straw Man
16. “Aliens exist because nobody has proven they don’t.”
A) Appeal to Authority
B) Appeal to Ignorance
C) Post Hoc
D) Hasty Generalization
17. “My sister got sick after eating at that restaurant. The food must be bad.”
A) False Cause
B) Hasty Generalization
C) Red Herring
D) Weak Analogy
18. "After the new mayor took office, crime went down—he caused it."
A) Post Hoc
B) Weak Analogy
C) Bandwagon
D) Ad Hominem
19. Assuming without evidence that one event causes another just because it came first is:
A) Ad Populum
B) Post Hoc
C) Red Herring
D) Accident
20. “If we allow phones in class, soon students won’t even bring books.”
A) Straw Man
B) Post Hoc
C) Slippery Slope
D) Hasty Generalization
21. An analogy is weak when:
A) The two cases are nearly identical
B) It exaggerates similarities
C) It ignores relevant differences
D) Both B and C
22. “A celebrity says this herbal tea cures cancer.”
A) Appeal to Authority
B) Appeal to Unqualified Authority
C) Weak Analogy
D) Red Herring
23. What kind of fallacy is it when a small sample is used to generalize?
A) Slippery Slope
B) Hasty Generalization
C) Accident
D) Straw Man
24. “You say we need cleaner energy, but didn’t you drive a diesel car?”
A) Tu Quoque
B) Ad Populum
C) Weak Analogy
D) Red Herring
25. “Studies show kids with pets are friendlier. So, pets make kids friendly.”
A) Straw Man
B) Weak Analogy
C) Post Hoc
D) False Cause
26. “He said the policy is bad. But he's an ex-con, so ignore him.”
A) Ad Hominem Abusive
B) Straw Man
C) Red Herring
D) Missing the Point
27. “You think I’m wrong? That’s because you’re jealous!”
A) Tu Quoque
B) Ad Hominem
C) Appeal to Pity
D) Straw Man
28. “Professor X said it, so it must be true!” (when X is not an expert)
A) Appeal to Authority
B) Hasty Generalization
C) Appeal to Unqualified Authority
D) Slippery Slope
29. “You have to support the war—true patriots do.”
A) Red Herring
B) Appeal to Pity
C) Appeal to People
D) Straw Man
30. “No one has ever proven mermaids exist, so they must not.”
A) Post Hoc
B) Appeal to Ignorance
C) Accident
D) Weak Analogy
31. “We must ban video games. Violent kids play them.”
A) False Cause
B) Appeal to Force
C) Red Herring
D) Appeal to Pity
32. “You believe in environmentalism, but you use plastic bags!”
A) Accident
B) Tu Quoque
C) Slippery Slope
D) Appeal to Ignorance
33. “All the best students are buying this new study guide—get yours now!”
A) Ad Hominem
B) Bandwagon
C) Appeal to Vanity
D) Straw Man
34. “If we lower taxes, then government will collapse.”
A) Slippery Slope
B) False Cause
C) Red Herring
D) Appeal to Pity
35. “Our leader couldn’t have lied—she’s a Nobel Prize winner!”
A) Appeal to Unqualified Authority
B) Appeal to Vanity
C) Ad Populum
D) Ad Hominem
36. “Of course he’s against the policy—he would lose his job.”
A) Red Herring
B) Ad Hominem Circumstantial
C) Weak Analogy
D) Post Hoc
37. “You can't tell me how to drive. You just got a ticket last week.”
A) Ad Hominem Abusive
B) Tu Quoque
C) Red Herring
D) Hasty Generalization
38. "Don’t listen to Dr. Smith—he’s just an atheist!"
A) Ad Hominem Circumstantial
B) Appeal to Ignorance
C) Ad Hominem Abusive
D) False Cause
39. “This new book must be great—it's a bestseller!”
A) Straw Man
B) Bandwagon
C) Hasty Generalization
D) Appeal to Ignorance
40. “We must not limit free speech. If we do, next we’ll ban books!”
A) Red Herring
B) Post Hoc
C) Slippery Slope
D) Tu Quoque
41. “No one proved the vaccine is unsafe. So it must be safe.”
A) False Cause
B) Hasty Generalization
C) Appeal to Ignorance
D) Red Herring
42. “My neighbor has two dogs. They’re aggressive. So all dogs are dangerous.”
A) Weak Analogy
B) Hasty Generalization
C) Red Herring
D) Ad Populum
43. “This shampoo is used by movie stars. You should use it too!”
A) Appeal to Snobbery
B) Bandwagon
C) Appeal to Vanity
D) Straw Man
44. “The newspaper accuses us of polluting—but they’re worse!”
A) Red Herring
B) Straw Man
C) Post Hoc
D) Tu Quoque
45. “If we allow abortion, soon euthanasia will be legalized, then genocide.”
A) Appeal to Pity
B) Slippery Slope
C) Red Herring
D) Accident
46. “All my friends passed without studying. So will I.”
A) Appeal to Ignorance
B) Weak Analogy
C) Hasty Generalization
D) Straw Man
47. “Mr. Solomon’s argument is wrong because he’s a failed businessman.”
A) Appeal to Pity
B) Straw Man
C) Ad Hominem Abusive
D) Tu Quoque
48. “The judge must be corrupt. He ruled against my brother.”
A) Hasty Generalization
B) Red Herring
C) False Cause
D) Ad Hominem Circumstantial
49. “He’s rich, so his opinion on poverty is invalid.”
A) Ad Hominem Circumstantial
B) Tu Quoque
C) Weak Analogy
D) Post Hoc
50. “There’s been a full moon all week—no wonder my computer crashed.”
A) False Cause
B) Red Herring
C) Straw Man
D) Appeal to Ignorance
✅ Answer Key: Informal Fallacies MCQs
Q# Answer Q# Answer Q# Answer Q# Answer
1 C 14 C 27 B 40 C
2 D 15 A 28 C 41 C
3 C 16 B 29 C 42 B
4 B 17 A 30 B 43 C
5 C 18 A 31 A 44 A
6 A 19 B 32 B 45 B
7 B 20 C 33 B 46 C
8 C 21 D 34 A 47 C
9 B 22 B 35 A 48 C
10 B 23 B 36 B 49 A
11 C 24 A 37 B 50 A
12 C 25 D 38 C
13 B 26 A 39 B