FLOZZY AUMA
TRADE PROJECT
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (POWER OPTION)
SERVICE NUMBER:53333
TITLE: AUTOMATED SECURITY HOME LIGHTING SYSTEM
Use the right font and format i.e. font 12 and format Times Roman
AUTOMATED SECURITY HOME LIGHTING SYSTEM
It is a form of lighting in homes where there will be no
switching on and off of the lights. The passive infrared
sensors (PIR) will detect the movement of heat and this
activates the lights. The lights will have adjustable timers
built into them which will be staying for atleast five
minutes after detecting the movement.
1.1Problem statement
Due to the problem of manual switching on and off of
lights in homes,the passive infrared sensors and relays
can be used for wireless control by switching on the
lights,whenever PIR sensors detect any body movement
its output pin becomes high which applies the triggering
voltage to the base of the transistor,transistor gets on
and currents glows through the coil.coil in relay get
energized and create electromagnetic field which attracts
lever,the currents will flow and turns on the bulbs or
lights.Most of my research is from the internet and
electrical engineering books.
1.2Significance of study
To program a micro controller which will be
automatically switching on and off the lighting system
caused by movement of people in homes at specified
range and time during night hours
General objective
To design, fabricate and test the automated security
home lighting systems.
1.4 specific objective
The specific objectives should be SMART
To reduce cost by ensuring no energy is wasted
To ensure that discrete components are used in place
of bulky power components to control a heavy load
currents
Reducing movements of mankind while switching on
POWER SUPPLY
and off the lights in homes
1.4 block diagram of automated security home lighting
system
RECEIVER MICRO-CONTROLLER RELAY
TRANSMITTER
BULB
The block diagram should be clear and organized
1.4.1 TRANSMITTER
The LDR and presence of people within the home
premises are our transmitter sine they trigger the
working principle of the whole circuit.
The LDR gives less resistance in high light intensity
and high resistance in low light intensity i.e. it gives
high resistance in dark and low resistance in light.
Fig.b LDR
1.4..2 RECIVER
The PIR sensor is used in detecting the presence of the
user. The idea of PIR sensor is whenever there is
present of occupancy, the lights will trigger and turn
ON. Once the sensor is unable to detect the present of
user, the lights will turn OFF.
The PIR is used in the project in detecting the present
of people in home premises by detecting the motion.
The PIR sensor operates with the radiation of the body
heat of the intruder as it changes the temperature
equilibrium within its detecting area. The hotter the
detecting object is the more emission occurs in the
PIR. The fransel lens collapsed on the pyro electric
chip generates electric charges with this
electromagnetic radiation.
As long as the motion remains continuous the output
voltage remains high.
Fig. c PIR
1.4.3 MICRO-CONTROLLER
Controls the time as long as the LED will glow and
how much the relay will be on before it gets off. At-
mega 328 micro-controller will be used.
Item
Fig. d micro-controller
1.4.4POWER SUPPLY
The transformer converts the high 230v AC to 12v AC,
rectifier converts it into D.C. For voltage regulation
L.M.7805 is used to produce ripple free 5v DC
constant supply.
1.4.5RELAY
Whenever PIR sensor detects any user movement its
output pin becomes HIGH, which applies the triggering
voltage to the base of the transistor, transistor gets ON
and current starts flowing through the coil. Coil in
relay gets energized and create electromagnetic field
which attracts the lever and COM and NO get
connected. This allows a much larger current to flow
which turns ON the BULB
All the above highlighted work is not necessary. You only need to have 3 to4 lines of
explanation of what is done in every block.
Do the correction.
1.5Table of specification
Item Rating Model Cost
Sensors 10m range Ac single 60.30
phase
Micro 5v ATMEGA 328
controller
Relay 12v Ac 1.50 per unit
LDR 10MA Photoresistor 308
1.6. Gantt chart
