B.
A/Bom
Art of Communication (Work Book)
IV Semester
1. Group Discussion:
Importance of Group Discussion
Group Discussion (GD) is a structured conversation where participants analyze a given topic and
express their opinions within a limited time. It is commonly used in educational and professional
settings to evaluate key skills such as subject knowledge, communication, teamwork, leadership,
and critical thinking. GDs can be factual, social, abstract, or case-based in nature.
Participating in GDs helps individuals learn how to express their ideas clearly, listen to others,
respond constructively, and reach a consensus. They provide a platform for developing problem-
solving and decision-making skills, making them an effective tool for both learning and selection
processes like interviews or admissions.
Preparation for GDs involves staying informed on current events, forming opinions, and practicing
discussions. During a GD, it's important to be confident, clear, relevant, and respectful. Speaking
should be balanced—neither too little nor too much—and listening plays a crucial role in engaging
meaningfully.
A successful GD contribution includes initiating or guiding the discussion, summarizing points,
encouraging others, and resolving conflicts tactfully. The tone of speech and body language are
also essential for creating a positive impression. In conclusion, group discussions are valuable for
assessing and developing interpersonal and intellectual abilities essential in academic and
professional environments.
.
Essential Elements of Effective Public Speech:
1. Voice Quality
o Speak loudly enough to be heard, but avoid shouting.
o Project your voice clearly to reach the entire audience.
2. Breath Control
o Take deep breaths to reduce nervousness and maintain a steady flow of speech.
o Controlled breathing helps regulate volume and improves clarity.
3. Clarity
o Pronounce and enunciate words clearly.
o Avoid mumbling or speaking through clenched teeth.
4. Intonation
o Use variation in tone and vocal energy to keep the audience engaged.
o Emphasize key words and phrases to highlight important points.
5. Pace
o Maintain an even speed of speech.
o Vary your pace to avoid monotony and adjust it based on the context.
6. Pauses
o Use pauses effectively to add impact and give the audience time to absorb
information.
o Pause after important points or between sentences.
7. Body Language
o Maintain open and positive posture.
o Use minimal but meaningful gestures; avoid fidgeting or leaning casually.
8. Eye Contact
o Maintain friendly eye contact to connect with the audience.
o Avoid looking away, at the floor, or out of windows.
9. Precision
o Stay focused on the topic.
o Avoid irrelevant stories; be clear, concise, and fact-based.
10. Politeness
• Always be respectful and courteous.
• Handle disagreements with tact and avoid offensive remarks.
11. Preparation:
• Write down the main points
• Focus on th audience
• Focus on the occasion
• Use resources
12. Presentation:
• Dress appropriately
• Keep the dignitaries and audience in mind
• Use the podium properly
• Be balanced
• Manage time well
• Use body language effectively
Types of Speeches:
➢ Expository speech
➢ Argumentative speech
➢ Welcome speech
➢ Introducing guests
➢ Vote of thanks
1. Welcome speech:
welcome speech made at the inauguration of a college cultural association.
Good morning, one and all.
Respected president, honourable guests, dear parents of our students, our beloved teachers,
non-teaching staff members, our friends in the media, and my dear friends.
We have gathered here today to inaugurate the college cultural association. Our institution not
only focuses on offering quality education, it also gives equal importance to extra-curricular
and co-curricular activities. The cultural association is a platform to encourage the talents of
our students and provide opportunities for them to exhibit their many abilities. As vice
president of the cultural association, I feel proud to extend to all of you a very warm welcome.
Let me first welcome our beloved principal Professor Rajgopal who has kindly consented to
preside over the function. He has always been a guiding force and an inspiration to us all. I
extend Professor Rajgopal a hearty welcome. the daily The Deccan Herald. He has been kind
enough to accept our invitation to inaugurate our college cultural association. Sir, I offer you
a hearty welcome.
Our other distinguished invitee, the reputed academic and artist Shreya Radhamani, requires
no introduction. It delights me to offer Professor Radhamani a warm welcome.
The ever-supportive parents of our students are here. Our beloved teachers, too, are here to
grace this function with their benign presence. I feel very happy to welcome them all. Media
persons have responded to our invitation and are here to cover the proceedings of this function
Thank you for being here.
Finally, let me extend a friendly welcome to all my friends. This is your association. I am very
sure that this cultural association will contribute towards the development of our personalities
and to the development of our college.
Welcome, one and all. I hope you enjoy the function.
Model -2
Valedictory function at college
Good morning, everyone.
Respected Principal, our chief guest, honoured guests, dear teachers, parents, media friends, and
my fellow students.
It gives me great pleasure to welcome you all to the valedictory function of our college. This is a
special day where we look back on the year gone by and celebrate our journey together.
First, I warmly welcome our Principal, Professor Rajgopal, who has always guided and
encouraged us. Sir, thank you for your constant support.
We are honoured to have with us Dr. Meena Harish, our chief guest for today. Ma’am, we are
grateful for your presence and thank you for joining us.
A special welcome to Professor Shreya Radhamani, our guest of honour. Thank you for being
here with us today.
To our dear parents, thank you for your love and support throughout the year. We’re happy to
have you here.
A big thank you and warm welcome to our teachers, who have shaped and supported us at every
step.
We also welcome our friends from the media—thank you for covering this event.
And finally, to all my friends and fellow students this day is for you. Let’s celebrate our
memories and achievements together.
Once again, a warm welcome to everyone. I hope you enjoy the program. Thank you.
2. Introducing guests:
An eminent Kannada writer is invited as the chief guest to inaugurate the Cultural Forum of your
college. Write a speech introducing the chief guest.
Good morning, everyone.
It is my great honour and pleasure to introduce the chief guest for today’s function, a person who
truly needs no introduction in the world of Kannada literature — [insert name of the writer].
[He/She] is one of the most respected and well-known writers in the Kannada language. With
many popular novels, short stories, and essays to their credit, our chief guest has inspired readers
across generations. [His/Her] writing reflects the richness of Kannada culture, deep human values,
and strong social messages.
[He/She] has received several awards and honours, including [mention any known awards if
available], for [his/her] outstanding contribution to literature.
Apart from being a celebrated writer, [he/she] is also a teacher, speaker, and a strong supporter of
youth talent and creativity, which makes [him/her] the perfect person to inaugurate our Cultural
Forum today.
We are truly privileged to have [him/her] with us. On behalf of the college and all of us present
here, I extend a warm and respectful welcome to our chief guest, [name of the writer].
Thank you, and welcome, sir/ma'am.
3. Vote of thanks :
A three-day film and theatre festival hosted by your college has come to an end . propose a vote
of thanks
Good evening, everyone.
As our three-day Film and Theatre Festival comes to a close, it gives me great pleasure to
propose the vote of thanks on behalf of our college.
First and foremost, I sincerely thank our chief guests and judges for gracing the occasion with
their presence and sharing their valuable time and expertise with us. Your encouragement and
support have made this festival truly special.
I would also like to thank all the participants—the talented actors, directors, and film-makers—
who worked hard to put up such amazing performances and films. Your creativity and
enthusiasm have been the heart of this festival.
A big thank you to our college management, principal, and teachers for their constant support
and guidance in organizing this event successfully.
I am also grateful to the technical team and all the volunteers who worked behind the scenes
tirelessly to make sure everything ran smoothly.
Thanks to our sponsors and media friends who helped us promote the festival and reach a wider
audience.
Last but not least, thank you to all the audience members for your enthusiastic participation and
encouragement throughout these three days.
I hope this festival has inspired all of us and strengthened our love for film and theatre. We look
forward to many more such events in the future.
Thank you all once again, and have a pleasant evening.
4. Interview skills : Interview for a Job
Candidate. Can I come in, please, ma'am.
Manager: Yes, please come in. Good morning.
Candidate: Good morning, ma'am.
Assistant Manager: Please sit down.
Candidate Thank you, sir.
Manager: Could you begin by telling us something about yourself, please.
Candidate: Ma'am, I belong to West Bengal, but I grew up in Nanded, where my father
worked until he retired. I'm married and have a baby daughter, who is a year old.
Assistant Manager: I assume you speak both Bengali and Marathi. Am I right? Candidate:
Yes, sir, absolutely. I also speak Hindi.
Manager: Why do you want to join our company?
Candidate: You're one of the leading publishers of law books in the country. With my
background and work experience, I hope to be able to contribute to the company and also find
here the opportunity to grow further.
Manager: Actually, the vacancy we have is for Lucknow. Would you be open to the idea of
being based there?
Candidate: Yes, ma'am. I'm willing to relocate from Mumbai to any part of the country.
Assistant Manager. Could you tell us what kind of salary you expect, please.
Candidate: I'm earning 22,000 net in my present job, sir. I think anything a little over that
should be all right.
Manager: Well, thank you, Mr Shravan Kumar. We'll get back to you in a week's time.
Candidate: Thank you
Model -2 Interview for a Job
Candidate: May I come in, please, sir?
Manager: Yes, please do. Good morning.
Candidate: Good morning, sir.
Assistant Manager: Please have a seat.
Candidate: Thank you, ma'am.
Manager: Could you start by telling us a little about yourself?
Candidate: Certainly, sir. I'm from Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, but I completed my higher
education in Bengaluru. I have a degree in Computer Applications and have been working as a
software tester for the past two years. I’m passionate about technology and problem-solving.
Assistant Manager: That’s good. Are you comfortable working in a team environment?
Candidate: Yes, ma'am. I’ve always worked in teams and enjoy collaborating with others. I
believe teamwork leads to better results.
Manager: Why do you want to join our company?
Candidate: Your company is known for its innovative software solutions and strong work
culture. I believe this would be a great place for me to learn and grow professionally, while
contributing meaningfully to your projects.
Assistant Manager: The job location is in Hyderabad. Would you be open to relocating?
Candidate: Yes, sir. I am completely open to relocating. I see it as an opportunity to experience
a new city and grow both personally and professionally.
Manager: What are your salary expectations?
Candidate: I’m currently earning ₹25,000 per month. I would be happy with a reasonable
increase based on your company’s standards and the role offered.
Assistant Manager: All right, thank you, Mr. Arjun.
Manager: We’ll review your profile and get back to you within the next few days.
Candidate: Thank you very much, sir and ma'am. It was a pleasure speaking with you.
Travel writing:
Prepare a travel writing about a place you have recently visited.
A Memorable Journey to the Hills
Earlier this month, I had the opportunity to visit a beautiful hill station nestled in the lap of the
Western Ghats—Coorg. It was a much-needed break from the rush of city life, and the
experience was nothing short of magical.
Our journey began with a scenic drive through winding roads lined with dense greenery and
misty valleys. As we ascended, the air grew cooler and fresher, instantly lifting our spirits. We
reached our destination in the evening, where a charming homestay awaited us amidst coffee
plantations.
The next few days were filled with exploration and awe. We visited Abbey Falls, trekked up
Tadiandamol Peak, and enjoyed quiet moments by the serene Talacauvery. The aroma of coffee,
the gentle rustle of trees, and the distant calls of birds created a soothing atmosphere I had never
experienced before.
Evenings were spent around bonfires, sharing stories under starry skies. The hospitality of the
locals and the simple, delicious food added to the warmth of our stay.
This trip not only offered breathtaking views and adventure but also a deep sense of peace. I
returned with a camera full of pictures, a heart full of memories, and a mind refreshed and ready
to take on life again. Visiting a hill station like Coorg reminded me how vital it is to pause and
reconnect—with nature, and with oneself.
Model-2
Travel writing place about Hampi,
A Memorable Journey to the Ruins of Hampi
Earlier this month, I had the wonderful opportunity to visit Hampi, the ancient city of ruins
nestled on the banks of the Tungabhadra River in Karnataka. Known for its rich history and
stunning architecture, Hampi had long been on my travel bucket list, and the visit was truly
unforgettable.
Our journey began with a train ride to Hospet, followed by a short drive to Hampi. As we entered
the town, the landscape transformed into a world of giant boulders, scattered temples, and palm-
lined paths. It felt as if we had stepped back in time. The air was warm and dry, but filled with a
quiet charm that immediately captured our hearts.
We stayed in a modest guesthouse that offered a beautiful view of the river and the surrounding
ruins. Over the next three days, we explored the Virupaksha Temple, admired the grandeur of
Vijaya Vittala Temple with its iconic stone chariot, and wandered through the Royal
Enclosure, where tales of a once-glorious empire echoed through the walls.
Sunrise at Matanga Hill was one of the highlights of our trip. The golden rays of the morning
sun cast a magical glow over the entire town, revealing the true beauty of the rocky terrain and
ancient monuments. Afternoons were spent leisurely walking through banana plantations and
enjoying simple yet delicious local meals.
Evenings in Hampi were peaceful. We sat by the river watching the sunset, listening to the soft
flow of water and the distant chants from temples. The hospitality of the locals and the stories
they shared made the trip even more special.
This journey was more than just a visit to a historical site. It was a step into the past, a moment
of reflection, and a quiet escape from the noise of everyday life. I returned from Hampi with a
deep appreciation for history, a soul refreshed, and memories that will last a lifetime.
Travelogue writing:
Dehradun lies on the National Highways 7 and 307, and can be reached by both state- and praately-
run intercity bus services. It is also approachable by rail (Dehradun railway station) and domestic
airport (Jolly Grant Airport). The nearest international airport is Indira Gandhi International
Airport at New Delhi.
In contrast, an online publication might encourage a more travelogue-style, personal form
of writing, which makes the reader feel they have accompanied you:
Our bus reached Dehradun in the early hours of the morning. Tired and sleepy though we were,
the cool morning air was a welcome refresher to my system. Finding a tea shop was achieved in a
few minutes, and I was soon warming myself with a cup of tea. My first order of the day was to
check into my hostel, followed by a visit to the natural river cave system, Robber's Cave.
Article writing:
Write an article for a magazine on online learning
1. The Rise of Online Learning: A New Era in Education
In recent years, online learning has transformed the way we acquire knowledge. Once seen as a
secondary option, it has now become a primary mode of education for millions around the world.
Accessible, flexible, and often more affordable, online learning platforms have opened doors for
students and professionals alike.
One of the biggest advantages of online learning is convenience. Learners can access courses
anytime, anywhere, fitting education into their schedules. This has been especially helpful for
working professionals and those in remote areas.
Interactive tools, such as videos, quizzes, and discussion forums, make online learning
engaging. Many platforms also offer certifications and career-focused courses, helping people
upskill and advance in their jobs.
However, online learning also comes with challenges. It requires self-discipline, and some
learners may miss face-to-face interaction. Yet, with improvements in technology and teaching
methods, these gaps are slowly being bridged.
In conclusion, online learning is here to stay. As it continues to evolve, it promises to make
education more inclusive, personalized, and future-ready.
2. Write an article for a magazine on social media
Social Media in Today’s World
In the past decade, social media has transformed the way we connect, communicate, and
consume information. Platforms like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and WhatsApp have brought
the world closer, allowing people to share ideas, emotions, and experiences in real time.
On the positive side, social media has made it easier to stay in touch with friends and family,
raise awareness about important issues, promote businesses, and build communities across
borders. It gives a voice to the voiceless and offers a space for creativity and expression.
However, this digital world also has its downsides. Excessive use of social media can lead to
addiction, anxiety, and reduced face-to-face interactions. It can spread misinformation quickly,
create unrealistic standards of beauty and success, and even lead to cyberbullying.
In conclusion, social media is a powerful tool—but like all tools, it must be used wisely. With
responsible use, it can be a force for good; without it, it can negatively impact our mental health
and social well-being. The choice lies in our hands.
E-mail Writing:
What is an Email?
An email (short for electronic mail) is a method of exchanging digital messages over the
internet. It is one of the fastest and most widely used forms of communication today, used for
both personal and professional purposes.
Contents of an Email
A standard email consists of the following parts:
1. To (Recipient's Email Address):
The address of the person you are sending the email to:
2. From (Sender's Email Address):
Your email address.
3. CC (Carbon Copy):
Used to send a copy of the email to additional recipients.
4. BCC (Blind Carbon Copy):
Used to send a copy to others without the main recipient knowing.
5. Subject:
A brief line summarizing the purpose or topic of the email.
6. Salutation:
A polite greeting (e.g., Dear Sir/Madam, Hello, Hi Rahul, etc.).
7. Body:
The main content of the email. It usually includes:
o An introduction or purpose
o Details or message content
o A conclusion or call to action
8. Closing:
A polite sign-off (e.g., Sincerely, Regards, Best wishes)
9. Signature:
The sender’s name, contact information, or designation (especially in formal emails).
Example:
To: [email protected]
Subject: Leave Request for Medical Reasons
Dear Sir/Madam,
I hope this message finds you well. I am writing to request medical leave for three days from
May 25 to May 27 due to health issues. A doctor’s certificate is attached for your reference.
I kindly request you to consider my application and grant the leave.
Thank you.
Sincerely,
Ravi Kumar
Student, B.Com 2nd Year
Types of E-mail Letters
➢ Apology letter
➢ Congratulatory letter
➢ Leave letter
➢ Letter appreciation
Apology letter:
Here is s a model email apologizing for not attending a meeting:
To: [email protected]
Subject: Apology for Not Attending the Meeting
Dear [Recipient's Name],
I hope this message finds you well.
I sincerely apologize for not being able to attend the meeting scheduled on [mention date]. Due
to [briefly state the reason – e.g., an urgent personal matter / a sudden illness / an overlapping
commitment], I was unable to join as planned.
I understand the importance of the meeting and regret missing the valuable discussions and
updates shared. I would be grateful if you could share any notes or key points discussed, so I can
stay updated and contribute where needed.
Thank you for your understanding and support.
Warm regards,
sender’s Adress ]
➢ Congratulatory letter:
You are the principal of a college. A teacher of the college has received the ‘Best Teacher
Award.’ Write an e-mail congratulating that teacher.
To: [email protected]
Subject: Congratulations on Winning the ‘Best Teacher Award’
Dear [Teacher's Name],
I am delighted to extend my heartfelt congratulations to you on receiving the ‘Best Teacher
Award’.
This well-deserved recognition is a testament to your dedication, hard work, and commitment to
excellence in teaching. Your ability to inspire students, create a positive learning environment,
and go beyond the classroom to support their growth has made a significant impact on our
college community.
We are proud to have you as a member of our faculty, and your achievement brings great honour
to our institution. I wish you continued success in all your endeavours.
Warm regards,
[Your Name]
Principal
[College Name]
Write an e-mail to your employer requesting for two days’ casual leave for
personal reasons.
Subject: Request for Casual Leave on [Insert Dates]
Dear [Employer's Name],
I hope this message finds you well. I am writing to formally request casual leave for two days,
on [insert dates, e.g., June 3rd and 4th], due to personal reasons.
I will ensure that all my responsibilities are up to date before my leave and will be available over
the phone or email in case of any urgent requirements during my absence.
I kindly request you to consider my application and grant me leave for the mentioned dates.
Thank you for your understanding.
Sincerely,
[Your Full Name]
[Your Designation]
[Contact Information]
Write an email to your friend inviting him/her to your birthday
party.
Subject: You’re Invited to My Birthday Party!
Hi [Friend’s Name],
I hope you’re doing well! I’m excited to let you know that I’m having a birthday party on [date]
at [time], and I’d love for you to come and celebrate with me.
The party will be at [venue or your place’s address], and there will be food, music, and lots of
fun! It won’t be the same without you, so please do come.
Let me know if you can make it. Looking forward to celebrating together!
Best,
[Your Name]
Facebook Writing :
1. You are opening a new restaurant. Write a Facebook post informing people about this.
Exciting News, Bangalore!
We are thrilled to announce the grand opening of Savi Ruch on January 1st, New Year’s Day!
Get ready to indulge in delicious flavors and amazing dishes at our brand-new restaurant. To
celebrate, we’re offering a HURRY UP 50% DISCOUNT on ALL dishes on opening day!
Location: Bangalore
Date: January 1, 2025
Don’t miss this tasty start to your new year! Bring your friends and family and feast with us at
Savi Ruch. See you there!
#SaviRuch #GrandOpening #BangaloreEats #NewYearFeast #DiscountDelight
2. Write a Facebook post to promote a new business in Bangalore:
Exciting News, Bangalore!
We’re thrilled to announce the launch of UrbanVibe Café — your new go-to spot for delicious
coffee, tasty snacks, and a cozy vibe right in the heart of the city!
Whether you need a place to work, catch up with friends, or just unwind, UrbanVibe Café is here
to serve you the best brews and smiles every day. Come visit us at MG Road, Bangalore and
experience the perfect blend of taste and comfort.
Grand Opening Offer: Get 20% off on your first order!
Like our page and follow us for updates, events, and special deals. Let’s make every coffee
moment unforgettable!
#UrbanVibeCafe #BangaloreEats #CoffeeLovers #NewInTown #SupportLocal
