MATLAB7

Friday, 30 April 2021 2:00 PM

% second order differential equation : y''=(2*y)+(8*x)*(9-x); solve using

% ode45 between 0 and 9, say. To use BVP, see next demo
% Apart from DSOLVE, ode45 can be used by clc;
xmesh = linspace(0,pi/2,10);
% transforming a n-th order ode into a system of n 1st order ode's to solve solinit = bvpinit(xmesh, @guess);
sol1 = bvp4c(@bvpfun, @bcfun, solinit);
% rewrite the given equation as a system of first-order equations. plot(sol1.x, sol1.y, '-o')
% y1'=y2, y2'=2y1+8*x*(9-x) title('BVP with Solutions That Depend on the Initial Guess function');
xlabel('x')
[x,y] = ode45(@fun,[0 9],[0 -28]); ylabel('y')
figure;
plot(x,y) solinit = bvpinit(xmesh, [3 0]);
function dy = fun(x,y) sol2 = bvp4c(@bvpfun, @bcfun, solinit);
plot(sol1.x,sol1.y(1,:),'-o',sol2.x,sol2.y(1,:),'-o')
dy = zeros(2,1); title('BVP with Different Solutions That Depend on the Initial Guess');
xlabel('x')
dy(1) = y(2); ylabel('y')
figure;
dy(2) = 2*y(1)+8*x*(9-x); solinit = bvpinit(xmesh, [1 0]);
sol3 = bvp4c(@bvpfun, @bcfun, solinit);
end plot(sol1.x,sol1.y(1,:),'-o',sol3.x,sol3.y(1,:),'-o')
title('BVP with Different Solutions That Depend on the Initial Guess');
xlabel('x')
ylabel('y')

% Solve boundary value problems for ODEs by collocation. function dydx = bvpfun(x,y) % equation being solved
dydx = [y(2)
% matlab source help at -exp(y(1))];
end
https://in.mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/bvp4c.html %-------------------------------------------
function res = bcfun(ya,yb) % boundary conditions
res = [ya(1)
% bvp4c(ODEFUN,BCFUN,SOLINIT) integrates a system of ordinary differential end
yb(1)];

% equations of the form y' = f(x,y) on the interval [a,b], subject to general function g = guess(x) % initial guess for y and y'
% two-point boundary conditions of the form bc(y(a),y(b)) = 0 g = [sin(x)
cos(x)];
end

% Solve a second-order BVP second-order equation

% y''+4y=0.
% The equation is defined on the interval [0,pi/2] subject to the boundary conditions
% y(0)=0,
% y(pi/2)=2.
% To solve this equation write a function that represents the equation as a system
% of first-order equations, a function for the boundary conditions, and a function
% for the initial guess. Then the BVP solver uses these
% three inputs to solve the equation.

% Code Equation
% Write a function that codes the equation. Use the substitutions y1=y and
% y2=y'
% to rewrite the equation as a system of first-order equations.

% y1'=y2, y2'=y1''=y''=-4y1
% The corresponding function is
% function dydx = bvpfcn(x,y)
% dydx = zeros(2,1);
% dydx = [y(2)
% -4y(1)];
% end

% Code Boundary Conditions

% Write a function that codes the boundary conditions in the form g(y(a),y(b))=0.
% In this form the boundary conditions are
% y(0)=0,
% y(pi/2)-2=0
% The corresponding function is
% function res = bcfcn(ya,yb)
% res = [ya(1)
% yb(1)-2];
% end

% Create Initial Guess

% Use the bvpinit function to create an initial guess for the solution of the
% equation. Since the equation relates y'' to y, a reasonable guess is that the
% solution involves trigonometric functions. Use a mesh
% of 10 points in the interval of integration. The first and last values in the mesh
% are where the solver applies the boundary conditions.

% The function for the initial guess accepts x as an input and returns a guess for the value of y1 and y2:
% function g = guess(x)
% g = [sin(x)
% cos(x)];
% end

% The code will thus be:

xmesh = linspace(0,pi/2,10);
solinit = bvpinit(xmesh, @guess);
sol = bvp4c(@bvpfcn, @bcfcn, solinit);
plot(sol.x, sol.y, '-o')

function dydx = bvpfcn(x,y) % equation to solve

dydx = zeros(2,1);
dydx = [y(2)
-4*y(1)];
end
%--------------------------------
function res = bcfcn(ya,yb) % boundary conditions
res = [ya(1)
yb(1)-2];
end
%--------------------------------
function g = guess(x) % initial guess for y and y'
g = [sin(x)
cos(x)];
end
clc;
xmesh = linspace(0,pi/2,10);
solinit = bvpinit(xmesh, @guess);
sol1 = bvp4c(@bvpfun, @bcfun, solinit);
plot(sol1.x, sol1.y, '-o')
title('BVP with Solutions That Depend on the Initial Guess function');
xlabel('x')
ylabel('y')
figure;

solinit = bvpinit(xmesh, [3 0]);

sol2 = bvp4c(@bvpfun, @bcfun, solinit);
plot(sol1.x,sol1.y(1,:),'-o',sol2.x,sol2.y(1,:),'-o')
title('BVP with Different Solutions That Depend on the Initial Guess');
xlabel('x')
ylabel('y')
figure;
solinit = bvpinit(xmesh, [1 0]);
sol3 = bvp4c(@bvpfun, @bcfun, solinit);
plot(sol1.x,sol1.y(1,:),'-o',sol3.x,sol3.y(1,:),'-o')
title('BVP with Different Solutions That Depend on the Initial Guess');
xlabel('x')
ylabel('y')

function dydx = bvpfun(x,y) % equation being solved

dydx = [y(2)
-exp(y(1))];
end
%-------------------------------------------
function res = bcfun(ya,yb) % boundary conditions
res = [ya(1)
yb(1)];
end

function g = guess(x) % initial guess for y and y'

g = [sin(x)
cos(x)];
end