Session: 2023-24 Total Questions: 143

JEE/NEET PHYSICS
8.ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
Single Correct Answer Type

1. In an electromagnetic wave, the electric and magnetizing fields are 100 V m−1 and
0.265 A m . The maximum energy flow is
−1

a) −2 b) −2 c) −2 d) −2
26.5 W m 36.5 W m 46.7 W m 765 W m
2. X-ray are not used for radar purpose, because they are not

a) Reflected by target b) Partly absorbed by target

c) Electromagnetic waves d) Completely absorbed by target

3. If an electromagnetic wave is propagation in a medium with permittivity ε and

permittivity μ, then is the

√ μ

a) Intrinsic impedance of the medium

ε
b) Square of the refractive index of the
medium
c) Refractive index of the medium d) Energy density of the medium

4. An earth orbiting satellite has solar energy collecting panel with total area 5 m2. If solar
radiations are perpendicular and completely absorbed, the average force associated with
the radiation pressure is
(Solar constant¿ 1.4 kW m−2)
a) −3 b) −4 c) −5 d) −6
2.33 ×10 N 2.33 ×10 N 2.33 ×10 N 2.33 ×10 N
5. For EM wave prorogating along x -axis, Emax =30 Vm . what is maximum value of magnetic
−1

field?
a) 10-7 T b) 10-8 T c) 10-9 T d) 10-6 T

6. A parallel plate capacitor is charged to60 μC . Due to a radioactive source, the plate loss
charge at the rate of 1.8 ×10−8 Cs−1 . The magnitude of displacement current is
a) −8 −1 b) −8 −1 c) −11 −1 d) −12 −1
1.8 ×1 0 C s 3.6 ×10 Cs 4.1 ×10 Cs 5.7 ×10 Cs
7. If ε 0∧μ0 are the electric permittivity and magnetic permeability of free space and ε ∧μ are
the corresponding quantities in the medium, the index of refraction of the medium in
terms of above parameter is

( ) ( εμ ) ( εμ )
1/ 2 1 /2
a) εμ b) εμ c) ε 0 μ0 d) ε 0 μ0
ε 0 μ0 ε 0 μ0
8. According to Maxwell’s hypothesis, a changing electric field gives rise to

a) An emf b) Electric current c) Magnetic field d) Pressure radiant

9. Electric fields induced by changing magnetic fields are

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 a) Conservation b) Non-conservation

c) May be conservative or non-conservation d) Nothing can be said

depending on the conditions
10. The electric field of a plane electromagnetic wave varies with time of amplitude 2 Vm-1
propagating along z -axis. The average energy density of the magnetic field is ( ¿ Jm−3 )
a) −12 b) 8.86 ×10-12 c) 17.72 × 10-12 d) 4.43 × 10-12
13.29 ×10
11. The sun delivers 104 W m −2 of electromagnetic flux to the earth’s surface. The total power
that in incident on a roof of dimensions 10m square will be
a) 4 W b) 5 W c) 6 W d) 7 W
10 10 10 10
12. Infrared radiation is detected by

a) Spectrometer b) Pyrometer c) Nanometer d) Photometer

13. Ground waves have wavelength

a) Less than 200 m b) Equal to 200 m c) More than 200 m d) All of these

14. A plane Electromagnetic Waves travelling along the X -direction has a wavelength of 3
mm. The variation in the electric field occurs in the Y -direction with an amplitude 66 Vm-
1
. The equations for the electric and magnetic fields as a function of x and t are
respectively

a)
( c)
x
E y =33 cos π × 1011 t− ,

B =1.1× 10 cos π ×10 (t− )

−7 11x
z
c

E =11cos 2 π × 10 (t− ) ,
11x
y
b) c

B =11× 10 cos 2 π × 10 (t− )

−7 x 11
y
c

E =33 cos π ×10 ( t− ) ,

11 x
x
c) c

B =11× 10 cos π ×10 (t− )

−7 x
11
x
c

E =66 cos 2 π × 10 (t− ) ,

11x
y
d) c

B =2.2 ×10 cos 2 π × 10 ( t− )

−7 x11
z
c
15. The frequency 1057 MHz of radiation arising from two close energy levels in hydrogen
belongs to
a) Radio waves b) Infrared waves c) Micro waves d) γ −rays

16. Maxwell in his famous equation of electromagnetism introduced the concept

a) AC current b) DC current c) Displacement d) Impedance

current
17. In a plane electromagnetic wave electric field varies with time having an amplitude
1 V m . The frequency of wave is 0.5 ×10 Hz. The wave is propagation along X -axis.
−1 15

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 What is the average energy density of magnetic field?
a) −12 −3 b) −12 −3 c) −12 −3 d) −12 −3
1.1 ×10 Jm 2.2 ×10 Jm 3.3 ×10 Jm 4.4 ×10 Jm
18. An Electromagnetic Wave of frequency v = 3.0 MHz passes from vacuum into a
dielectric medium with permittivity ε =4.0 . Them
a) Wavelength is doubled and the frequency remains unchanged

b) Wavelength is doubled and frequency becomes half

c) Wavelength is halved and frequency remains unchanged

d) Wavelength and frequency both become unchanged

19. The amplitude of electric field in a parallel beam of light of intensity 4 W m−2 is

a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
40.5 N C 45.5 N C 50.5 N C 55.5 N C
20. Assume that a lamp radiates power P uniformly in all directions. What is the magnitude
of electric field strength at a distance r from the lamp?

√ √
a) P b) P c) P d) P
2
πc ε 0 r 2 πcε r
2
2 π ε0 r2 c π ε 0 c r2
21. The wavelength of infrared rays is of the order of

a) −7 b) −3 c) Diverge more d) None of these

5 ×10 m 10 m
22. Molybdenum is used as a target element for the production of X-rays because it is

a) Light and can easily defect electrons b) Light and can absorb electrons

c) A heavy element with a high melting pointd) An element having high thermal
conductivity
23. A charged particle with charge q enters a region of constant, uniform and mutually
orthogonal fields E and B with a velocity v perpendicular to both E and B, and comes out
without any change in magnitude or direction of v. Then
a) 2 b) 2 c) 2 d) 2
v=E × B/ B v=B × E/ B v=E × B/ E v=B × E/ E
24. If v s , v x and v m are the speeds of gamma rays, X-rays and microwaves respectively in
vacuum, then
a) v >v > v b) v <v < v c) v <v < v d) v =v =v

25. The small ozone layer on top of the atmosphere is crucial for human survival because it
s x m s x m s x m s x m

a) Has ions b) Reflects radio c) Absorbs UV rays d) Reflects IR rays

signals
26. Television signals reach us only through the ground waves. The range R related with the
transmitter height h is in proportion to
a) h b) 1 /2 c) −1/ 2 d) −1
h h h
27. In a plane electromagnetic wave propagating in space has an electric field of amplitude
9 ×10 V m , then the amplitude of the magnetic field is
3 −1

a) 12 b) −3 c) −4 d) −5
2.7 ×10 T 9.0 ×10 T 3.0 ×10 T 3.0 ×10 T
28. A capacitor having a capacity of 2 pF. Electric field across the capacitor is changing with
a value of 1012 V s−1. The displacement current is

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 a) 2 A b) 4 A c) 6 A d) 10 A

29. If 150 J of energy is incident on area 2 m2. If Q r =15 J , coefficient of absorption is 0.6,
then amount of energy transmitted is
a) 50 J b) 45 J c) 40 J d) 30 J

30. Radiations of intensity 0.5 Wm-2 are striking a metal plate. The pressure on the plate is

a) −8 −2 b) 0.332 ×10−8 Nm−2 c) 0.111 ×10−8 Nm−2 d) 0.083 ×10−8 Nm−2

0.166 ×10 Nm
31. A charged particles oscillates about its mean equilibrium position with a frequency of 109
Hz. Frequency of the Electromagnetic Waves produced by the oscillator is
a) 10 Hz b) 105 Hz c) 109 Hz d) 1010 Hz

32. The unit of expression μ0 ε 0 are

a) −1 b) 2 −2 c) 2 −2 d) −1
ms m s s m sm
33. A layer of ionosphere does not reflect waves with frequencies greater than 10 MHz; then
maximum electron density in this layer is
a) 11 −3 b) 10 −3 c) 10 −3 d) 12 −3
1.23 ×10 m 1.23 ×10 m 12.3 ×10 m 1.23 ×10 m
34. A point source of Electromagnetic radiation has an average power output of 1500 W.
The maximum value of electric field at a distance of 3 m from this source in Vm-1- is
a) 500 b) 100 c) 500 d) 250

35. A. The wavelength of microwaves is greater than that of UV-rays.

3 3

B. The wavelength of IR rays is lesser than that of UV-rays.

C. The wavelength of microwaves is lesser than that of IR-rays.
D. Gamma rays have shortest wavelength in the Electromagnetic Spectrum.
Of the above statements
a) A and B are true b) B and C are true

c) C and D are true d) A and D are true

36. If μ0 is permeability of free space and ε 0 is permittivity of free space, the speed of light in
vacuum is given by
a)
√ μ0 ε 0 b)
√ μ0
ε0
c)
√ 1
μ 0 ε0
d)
√ ε0
μ0
37. A plane electromagnetic wave of intensity 10 W m strikes a small mirror of area 20 c m2 ,
−2

held perpendicular to the approaching wave. The radiation force on the mirror will be
a) −11 b) −11 c) −10 d) −10
6.6 ×10 N 1.33 ×10 N 1.33 ×10 N 6.6 ×10 N
38. A plane Electromagnetic Waves travels in free space along x -axis. At a particular point in
space, the electric field along y -axis is 9.3 Vm-1. The magnetic induction is
a) −8 b) −5 c) −6 d) −6
3.1 ×10 T 3 ×10 T 3 ×10 T 9.3 ×10 T
39. Clouds are contained in a layer from the earth’s surface, which is called

a) Troposphere b) Stratosphere c) Mesosphere d) Ionosphere

40. The correct sequence of the increasing wavelength of the given radiation sources is

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 a) Radioactive sources, X-ray tube, crystal b) Radioactive source, X-ray tube, sodium
oscillator, sodium vapour lamp vapour lamp, crystal oscillator
c) X-ray tube, radioactive source, crystal d) X-ray tube, crystal oscillator, radioactive
oscillator, sodium vapour lamp source, sodium vapour lamp
41. An electromagnetic wave going through vacuum is described by
E=E0 sin(kx−ωt ); B=B0 sin(kx−ωt )
Which of the following equation is true?
a) E k =B ω b) E ω=B k c) E B =ω k d) None of these

42. If alpha, beta and gamma rays carry same momentum, which has the longest
0 0 0 0 0 0

wavelength?
a) Alpha rays b) Beta rays

c) Gamma rays d) None, all have same wavelength

43. The curve drawn between velocity and frequency of a photon in vacuum will be

a) Straight line parallel to frequency axis b) Straight line parallel to velocity axis

Straight line passing through origin and d) Hyperbola

c) making an angle of 45 ° with frequency
axis
44. An Electromagnetic Wave has

a) Electric vector only

b) Magnetic vector only

c) Electric and Magnetic vector Perpendicular to each other

d) Neither the Electric vector nor the Magnetic vector

45. An electromagnetic radiation has an energy of 13.2 keV. Then the radiation belongs to
the region of
a) Visible light b) Ultraviolet c) Infrared d) X-ray

46. The electric field of plane electromagnetic wave in vacuum is represented by ⃗

E x =0 ;
E y =0.5 cos [ 2 π × 108 ( t−x /c ) ] : ⃗
⃗ E z=0
What is the direction of propagation of electromagnetic waves?
a) Along x−z direction b) Along y -direction

c) Along x -direction d) A long y−z direction

47. An expression for the magnetic field strength B at the point between the capacitor plates
indicates in figure express B in terms of the rate of change of the electric field strength
ie , dE/dt between the plates
a) μ 0 i b) ε 0 μ0 r c) Zero d) μ 0 i
dE /dt
48. The temperature variation in the region of stratosphere lies from
2π r 2 2r

a) 290 K to 220 K b) 220 K to 280 K c) 220 K to 380 K d) 180 K to 700 K

49. Which is having minimum wavelength?

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 a) X-rays b) Ultraviolet rays c) γ -rays d) Cosmic rays

50. The voltage applied across an X-ray tube is nearly equal to

a) 10 V b) 100 V c) 1000 V d) 10, 000 V

51. Given the wavefunction (in SI units) for a wave to be ψ (x ,t )=103 sin π (3 ×106 x−9 ×10 14 t) The
speed of the wave is
a) 14 −1 b) 8 −1 c) 6 −1 d) 7 −1
9 ×10 m s 3 ×10 m s 3 ×10 m s 3 ×10 m s
52. The ozone layer of the atmosphere lies in the region called

a) Troposphere b) Stratosphere c) Mesosphere d) Ionosphere

53. Solar radiation is

a) Transverse Electromagnetic wave b) Longitudinal Electromagnetic wave

c) Stationary wave d) None of the above

Dimensions of , where symbols have their usual meanings, are

54. 1
μ 0 ε0
a) −1 b) −2 2 c) 2 −2 d) −1
[L T] [L T ] [L T ] [ LT ]
55. Which of the following shows green house effect?

a) Ultraviolet rays b) Infrared rays c) X-rays d) None of these

56. The speed of electromagnetic Wave in vacuum depends upon the source radiation. It

a) Increases as we move from γ −rays to radio waves

b) Decreases as we move from γ −rays to radio waves

c) Is same for all of them

d) None of the above

57. The wave of wavelength 5900 Å emitted by any atom or molecule must have some finite
total length which is known as the coherence length. For sodium light, this length is 2.4
cm. The number of oscillations in this length will be
a) 8 b) 7 c) 6 d) 5
4.068 × 10 4.068 × 10 4.068 × 10 4.068 × 10
58. The average value of electric energy density in an Electromagnetic Waves is (E0 is peak
value)
2
a) 1 ε E2 b) E0 c) ε E 2 d) 1 ε E2
0 0 0 0 0 0
2 2 ε0 4
59. The maximum distance upto which TV transmission from a TV tower of height h can be
received is proportional to
a) 1 /2 b) h c) 3 /2 d) 2
h h h
60. The dielectric constant of air is 1.006. The speed of Electromagnetic Wave travelling in
air is a × 108 ms-1, where a is about
a) 3 b) 3.88 c) 2.5 d) 3.2

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61. If ε 0 and μ0 represent the permittivity and permeability of vacuum and ε and μ represent
the permittivity and permeability of medium, then refractive index of the medium is
given by
a)
√ μ 0 ε0 b)
√ με
μ 0 ε0
c)
√ μ
μ 0 ε0
d)
√ μ 0 ε0

62. The magnetic field between the plate of a capacitor where r > R is given by (where r is
με μ

the distance from the axis of plates and R is the radius of each plate of capacitor)
a) μ 0 i D r b) μ 0 i D c) μ 0 i D d) Zero
2
2π R 2π r
63. The amplitude of the magnetic field part of a harmonic Electromagnetic Wave in vacuum
2π R

is B0=510 nT. What is the amplitude of the electric field part of the wave?
a) 140 NC-1 b) 153 NC-1 c) 163 NC-1 d) 133 NC-1

64. In an Electromagnetic Wave, direction of propagation is in the direction of

a) E b) B c) E × B d) None of these

65. Consider the following two statements regarding a linearly polarized plane
electromagnetic wave
(i)Electric field and the magnetic field have equal average values
(ii)Electric energy and the magnetic energy have equal average values
a) (i)is true b) (ii)is true c) Both are true d) Both are false

66. A radiation of 200 W is incident on a surface which is 60% reflecting and 40% absorbing.
The total force on the surface is
1.07 ×10 N 1.3 ×10 N 1.07 ×10 N 1.03 ×10 N
a) −6 b) −6 c) −7 d) −7

67. An electric field ⃗

E and magnetic filed ⃗
B exist in a region. If these fields are not
perpendicular to each other, then the electromagnetic wave
a) Will not pass through the region b) Will pass through region

c) May pass through the region d) Nothing is definite

68. A radiowave has a maximum magnetic field induction of 10−4 T on arrival at a receiving
antenna. The maximum electric field intensity of such a wave is
a) Zero b) 4 −1 c) −4 d) −5
3 ×10 V m 5.8 ×10 T 3.0 ×10 T
69. According to Maxwell’s hypothesis, changing electric field gives rise to

a) Magnetic field b) Pressure gradient c) Charge d) Voltage

70. The rms value of the electric field of the light coming from the sun is 720 NC-1. The
average total energy density of the Electromagnetic Wave is
a) −6 −3 b) −9 −3 c) −12 −3 d) −3 −3
4.58 × 10 Jm 6.37 ×10 J m 81.35 ×10 Jm 3.3 ×10 Jm
71. The magnetic field of an Electromagnetic Wave is given by
BY =3 ×10−7 sin ( 103 x +6.29 ×1012 t ) .
The wavelength of the Electromagnetic Wave is
a) 6.28 cm b) 3.14 cm c) 0.63 cm d) 0.32 cm

72. The shortest wavelength of X-rays emitted from an X-rays tube depends upon

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 a) Nature of the gas in the tube b) Voltage applied to tube

c) Current in the tube d) Nature of target of the tube

73. Hydrogen atom does not emit X-rays because

a) It has signal electron b) It has no neutron

c) It has single neutron d) Its energy levels are too close to each
other
74. In a medium of dielectric constant K , the electric field is E. If ε 0 is permittivity of the free
space, the electric displacement vector is
a) K E b) E c) ε 0 E d) Kε E
0
ε0 Kε0
75. The wavelength of X-rays lies between
K

a) Maximum to finite limits b) Minimum to certain limits

c) Minimum to infinite limits d) Infinite to finite limits

76. The electric field (in N C−1) in an electromagnetic wave is given by E=50 sin ω(t−x /c ).
The energy stored in a cylinder of cross-section 10 cm2 and length 100 cm, along the x -
axis will be
a) −12 b) −11 c) −11 d) −11
5.5 ×60 J 1.1 ×10 J 2.2 ×10 J 1.65 ×10 J
77. All components of the Electromagnetic Spectrum in vacuum have the same

a) Energy b) Velocity c) Wavelength d) Frequency

78. Which of the following has zero average value in a plane electromagnetic wave?

a) Kinetic energy b) Magnetic field c) Electric field d) Both (b) and (c)

79. A large parallel plate capacitor, whose plates have an area of 1 m2 and are separated
from each other by 1 mm, is being charged at a rate of 25 V s−1. If the dielectric between
the plates has the dielectric constant 10, then the displacement current at this instant is
a) 25 μA b) 11 μA c) 2.2 μA d) 1.1 μA

80. The atmosphere between the heights of 50 km and 80 km is called

a) Mesosphere b) Ozonosphere c) Ionosphere d) Troposphere

81. Instantaneous displacement current of 1.0 A in the space between the parallel plate of
1 μF capacitor can be estabilished by changing potential difference of
a) −6 −1 b) 6 −1 c) −1 d) −1
10 V s 10 V s 1V s 0.1 V s
82. In a phase electromagnetic wave, the electric filed oscillates sinusoidally at a frequency
of 2.0 ×1010 Hz and amplitude 48 V m−1. The wavelength of the wave is
a) −10 b) −2 c) 8 d) 8
24 × 10 m 1.5 ×10 m 4.16 × 10 m 3 ×10 m
83. Velocity of Electromagnetic Waves in a medium depends upon

a) Thermal properties of medium

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 b) Mechanical and electrical properties of medium

c) electrical and magnetic properties of the medium

d) Mechanical and magnetic properties of the medium

84. The electric field for a plane electromagnetic wave travelling in the positive z -direction is
represented by which one of the following?
a) k^ E e i (k z−ωt + ϕ) b) i^ E e i (kx −ωt +ϕ )
1 0 1 0

c) i^ E e i (k z +ωt +ϕ ) d) k^ E e i (k z+ ωt +ϕ )

85. The fact that radiosignals reach the earth from outside the atmosphere, was discovered
1 0 1 0

accidently by
a) K. G. Jansky b) Millikan c) Aryabhatta d) Prof. Kanu

86. The electric field of an electromagnetic wave travelling through vacuum is given by the
equation E=E0 sin(kx−ωt ). The quantity that is independent of wavelength is
a) k b) kω c) ω d) k

87. X-rays are produced by jumping of

ω

a) Electrons from lower to higher energy b) Electrons from higher to lower energy
orbit of atom orbit of atom
c) Protons from lower to higher energy orbit d) Proton from higher to lower energy orbit
of nucleus of nucleus
88. The magnetic field between the plates of radius 12 cm separated by distance of 4 mm of
a parallel plate capacitor of capacitance 100 pF along the axis of plates having
conduction current of 0.15 A is
a) Zero b) 1.5 T c) 15 T d) 0.15 T

89. The magnetic field between the plate of a capacitor when r < R is given by

a) μ 0 i D r b) μ 0 i D c) μ 0 i D d) Zero
2
2π R 2π r
90. The ozone layer absorbs
2π R

a) Infrared radiations b) Ultraviolet radiations

c) X-rays d) γ -rays

91. Out of the following electromagnetic radiation, which has the shortest wavelength?

a) Radiowaves b) Infrared c) Ultraviolet d) X-rays

92. A circular ring of radius r is placed in a homogenous magnetic field perpendicular to the
plane of the ring. The field B chnages with time according to the equation B=kt , where k
is a constant and t is the time. The electric field in the ring is
a) kr b) kr c) kr d) k

93. A cube of edge a has its edges parallel to x , y and z -axis of rectangular coordinate
4 3 2 2r

system. A uniform electric field ⃗ E is parallel to y -axis and a uniform magnetic field is ⃗
parallel to x -axis. The rate at which flows through each face of the cube is
E

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 parallel to x− y plane and zero in parallel to x− y plane and zero in
2 2
a . EB a EB
a) 2 μ0 b) μ0
others others

d) 2 μ parallel; to y−z faces and zero in

2

c) a EB from all faces

2 a EB

others
0
2 μ0
94. A radar sends the waves towards a distant object and receives the signal reflected by
object. These waves are
a) Sound waves b) Light waves c) Radio waves d) Micro waves

95. A lasser beam is sent to the moon and reflected back to earth by ay mirror placed on the
moon by an astronaut. If the moon is 384000 km from earth, how long does it take the
light to make the round trip?
a) 5 min b) 2.5 min c) 2.5 s d) 500 s

96. A particles of mass 1 ×10−26 kg and charge 1 .6 ×10−19 C travelling with a velocity
1.28 ×10 ms along the positive X -axis enters a region in which a uniform electric field E
6 −1

and a uniform magnetic field of induction B are present. If E=−10.24 ×10 3 k^ NC −1 and
B=8 × 10 J^ Wbm , the direction of motion of the particles is
−2 −2

a) Along the positive X -axis b) Along the negative X -axis

c) At 450 to the positive X -axis d) At 1350 to the positive X -axis

97. A radiation of energy E falls normally on a perfectly reflecting surface. The momentum
transferred to the surface is
a) E b) 2 E c) Ec d) E
2
c c
98. Which of the following rays is emitted by a human body?
c

a) X-rays b) UV rays c) Visible rays d) IR rays

99. A TV tower has a height of 100 m. How much population is covered by the TV broadcast
if the average population density around the tower is 100 k m−2 (radius of the earth
¿ 6.37 ×10 m)
6

a) 4 lakh b) 4 billion c) 40,000 d) 40 lakh

100. Radio wave diffract around building although light waves do not. The reason is that radio
waves
a) Travel with speed target than c b) Have much larger wavelength than light

c) Carry news d) Are not electromagnetic waves

101. The density of air at the top of mesosphere in comparison to that of near the earth’s
surface is
a) −3 times b) −5 times c) 3times d) 5 times
10 10 10 10
102. A point source of electromagnetic radiation has an average power output of 800 W. The
maximum value of electric filed at a distance 4.0 m from the source is
a) −1 b) −1 c) −1 d) −1
64.7 V m 57.8 V m 56.72 V m 54.77 V m
103. The atmosphere above the height of 80 km is called

P a g e | 10
 a) Stratosphere b) Troposphere c) Mesosphere d) Ionosphere

104. Height h of transmitter antenna when R is radius of earth to have range d is

a) b) c) d)
2
d /2 R √ 2 dR 2
2 d /R
2
2 R /d
105. Maxwell in his famous equation of electromagnetism introduced the concept of

a) AC current b) DC current

c) Displacement current d) Impedance

106. The waves which have revolutionized telecommunication in more recent time, are

a) Micro wave b) Radio waves c) Light waves d) TV waves

107. The charge of a parallel plate capacitor is varying as q=q 0 sin2 πft . The plates are very
large and close together (area¿ A , separation¿ d ). Neglecting edge effects, the
displacement current through the capacitor is
a) d b) d sin 2 πft c) 2 πf q cos 2 πft d) 2 πf q 0 cos 2 π ft
0
A ε0 ε0 ε0
108. If a source is transmitting electromagnetic wave of frequency 8.2 ×10 Hz, then 6

wavelength of the electromagnetic waves transmitted from the source will be

a) 36.6 m b) 40.5 m c) 42.3 m d) 50.9 m

109. An electric field of 1500 Vm-1 and a magnetic field of 0.40 Wbm-2 act on a moving
electron. The minimum uniform speed along a straight line the electron could have is
a) 15 −1 b) 16 −1 c) 3 −1 d) 2 −1
1.6 ×10 ms 6 ×10 ms 3.75 ×10 ms 3.75 ×10 ms
110. The energy of X-ray photon is 3.3 ×10 J. Its frequency is
−16

a) 19 b) 18 c) 17 d) 16
2 ×10 Hz 5 ×10 Hz 5 ×10 Hz 5 ×10 Hz
111. If a source is transmitting Electromagnetic Waves of frequency 8.196 ×10 6 Hz, then the
wavelength of the Electromagnetic Waves transmitted from the source will be
a) 5090 cm b) 4050 cm c) 4230 cm d) 3660 cm

112. The phase velocity ( v p ) of travelling wave is

a) v = ω b) v = dω c) v =c d) v = c
p p p p
k dk vg
113. If a free electron is placed in the path of a plane electromagnetic wave, it will start
moving along
a) Centre of earth b) Equator of earth c) Magnetic field d) Electric field

114. The energy of X-ray photon is 2200 eV. Its frequency would be

a) 16 b) 17 c) 17 d) 16
5 .3 ×10 Hz 5 .3 ×10 Hz 5 ×10 Hz 5 ×10 Hz
115. Which of the following relation is correct?

a) ε E = μ B b) μ ε E =B c) E = μ ε B d) μ E = ε B
√ 0 0 √ 0 0 √ 0 0 0 0 0 √ 0 0 0 √ 0 0 √ 0 0
116. According to Maxwell’s equation the velocity of light in any medium is expressed as

P a g e | 11
 √
a) 1 b) 1 c) d) μ0
√ μ 0 ε0 √ μ/ε
√ με ε
117. Electromagnetic Waves of frequencies higher than 9√ 2 MHz are found to be reflected by
the ionosphere on a particular day at a place. The maximum electron density in the
ionosphere is
a) b) c) d)
√ 5 ×10 m
12 −3
√ 2× 10 m
12 −3 12 −3
2 ×10 m
12 −3
5 ×10 m
118. An electromagnetic wave, going through vacuum is described by E=E0 sin(kx−ω t)
Which of the following is independent of wavelength?
a) k b) ω c) k /ω d) k ω

119. Which of the following is absorbed by the ozone layer?

a) Only gamma rays b) Visible light c) Radio Waves d) Ultraviolet rays

120. If the earth did not have atmosphere, its surface temperature on a day time would be

a) Higher b) Lower c) Same as now d) Not sure

121. A perfectly reflecting mirror has an area of 1 cm2 Light energy is allowed to fall on it for
1h at the rate of 10 Wcm-2. The force that acts on the mirror is
a) −8 b) −8 c) −7 d) −4
3.35 ×10 N 6.7 ×10 N 1.34 × 10 N 2.4 × 10 N
122. A radio wave of frequency 90 MHz enters a ferrite rod. If ε r=103 and μr =10, then the
velocity and wavelength of the wave in ferrite are
a) 8 −1 −2 b) 6 −1 −2
3 ×10 m s ; 3.33 × 10 m 3 ×10 m s ; 3.33 × 10 m
c) 8 −1 −1 d) 7 −1 −3
3 ×10 m s ; 3.33 × 10 m 3 ×10 m s ; 3.33 × 10 m
123. The Electromagnetic theory of light failed to explain

a) Photoelectric effect b) Polarization c) Diffraction d) Interference

124. Which of the following electromagnetic waves have the longest wavelength?

a) Heat waves b) Light waves c) Radio waves d) Ultraviolet waves

125. The oscillating electric and magnetic field vectors of electromagnetic wave are oriented
along
a) The same direction and in phase b) The same direction but have a phase
difference of 90 °
c) Mutually perpendicular directions and are d) Mutually perpendicular directions but has
in phase a phase difference of 90 °
126. Electromagnetic Waves can be deflected by

a) Electric field only b) Magnetic field only

c) Both (a) and (b) d) None of these

127. The sun delivers 103 Wm-2 of Electromagnetic flux on the earth’s surface. The total power
that is incident on a roof of dimensions 6 m ×30 m ,is
a) 5 b) 5 c) 5 d) 5
1.8 ×10 W 7.2 ×10 W 0.9 ×10 W 4.5 × 10 W
128. What is order of energy of X-rays (EX), radio waves (ER) and microwave (EM)?

P a g e | 12
 a) EX < ER < EM b) EX < EM > ER c) EM > EX > ER d) EM < ER < EX

129. A plane Electromagnetic Wave of frequency 30 MHz travels in free space along the x -
direction. The electric field component of the wave at a particular point of space and
time E=6 Vm-1 along y -direction. Its magnetic field component B at this point would be
a) −8
2 ×10 T along z -direction b) −8
T along x -direction
6 ×10
c)
2 ×10
−8
T along y -direction d)
6 ×10
−8
T along z -direction
130. Ozone layer blocks the radiations of wavelength

a) Less than
3 ×10 m
b) Equal to
3 ×10 m
−7 −7

c) More than d) All of the above

3 ×10 m
−7

131. If c is the speed of Electromagnetic Waves in vacuum, its speed in a medium of dielectric
constant K and relative permeability μ ,is
a) v= 1 b) v=c μ K c) v= c d) v= K
√ μr , K √ r √ μr , K √ μr , c
132. The Maxwell’s four equations are written as
c

(i)∮ ⃗
E∙⃗
ds=q /ε 0
(ii)∮ ⃗
B∙ ⃗
ds=0
(iii)∮ E ∙ ⃗
−d ⃗ ⃗
dl=
dt s
∮ B ∙ ds
(iv)∮ ⃗
d
dl=μ 0 I + μ0 ε 0 ∮ ⃗
B∙ ⃗ E.⃗
ds
dt s
The equation which have sources of ⃗
E and ⃗
B are
a) (i), (ii), (iii) b) (i), (ii) c) (i)and (iii) only d) (i)and (iv) only

133. The waves which are reflected back to the earth by ionosphere is

a) Ground wave b) Sky wave c) Space wave d) All of these

134. The relation between electric field vector E, the displacement vector D and the
polarization vector P for a dielectric placed in electric field E is given by
a) P=ε E+ D b) P=D+ E c) D=ε E+ P d) E=D+ P

135. The refractive index and the permeability of a medium are respectively1.5∧5× 10−7 Hm−1.
0 0

The relative permittivity of the medium is nearly

a) 25 b) 15 c) 81 d) 6

136. If ⃗
E is an electric field and ⃗
B is the magnetic induction then the energy flow per unit area
per unit time in an electromagnetic field is given by
a) ⃗ ⃗ b) ⃗ ⃗ c) 2 2 d) E /B
E×B E∙B E +B
137. Light wave is travelling along y -direction. If the corresponding E vector at any time is
along the x -axis, the direction of B vector at that time is along

P a g e | 13
a) y -axis b) x - axis c) + z - axis d) −z - axis

P a g e | 14
Session: 2023-24 Total Questions: 143

JEE/NEET PHYSICS
8.ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

: ANSWER KEY :

1) a 2) a 3) a 4) c 73) a 74) d 75) b 76) b

5) a 6) a 7) b 8) c 77) b 78) d 79) c 80) a
9) b 10) b 11) c 12) b 81) b 82) b 83) c 84) b
13) c 14) d 15) b 16) c 85) a 86) a 87) b 88) a
17) b 18) c 19) d 20) c 89) a 90) b 91) d 92) c
21) c 22) c 23) a 24) d 93) b 94) d 95) c 96) a
25) c 26) b 27) d 28) a 97) b 98) d 99) d 100) b
29) b 30) a 31) c 32) c 101) b 102) d 103) d 104) a
33) a 34) a 35) d 36) c 105) c 106) a 107) c 108) a
37) c 38) a 39) a 40) b 109) c 110) c 111) d 112) a
41) a 42) d 43) b 44) c 113) d 114) b 115) b 116) b
45) d 46) c 47) b 48) b 117) d 118) c 119) d 120) a
49) c 50) d 51) b 52) b 121) b 122) b 123) a 124) c
53) a 54) c 55) b 56) c 125) c 126) d 127) a 128) b
57) c 58) d 59) a 60) a 129) a 130) b 131) c 132) d
61) b 62) c 63) b 64) c 133) a 134) c 135) d 136) a
65) c 66) a 67) c 68) b 137) c
69) a 70) a 71) c 72) b

P a g e | 15
Session: 2023-24 Total Questions: 143

JEE/NEET PHYSICS
8.ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

: HINTS AND SOLUTIONS :

Here, amplitude of electric filed, Velocity of light in vacuum

1 (a) 7 (b)

E0 =100 V m ; amplitude of magnetic field, 1

−1

B0=0.265 A m . We know that the

c=
√ μ0 ε 0
velocity of light in medium
−1

maximum rate of energy flow

−2 1
S= E0 × B 0=100 ×0.265=26.5 W m v=
√μ ε

( )
1 /2

X-rays being of high energy radiations,

2 (a) c με
∴ μ= =
penetrate the target and hence are not
v μ 0 ε0

reflected back

According to Maxwell, a changing electric

8 (c)
3 (a)
field is a source of magnetic field
=¿ has the dimensions of resistance,
√ μ

hence it is called the intrinsic impedance

ε

The electric field induced by changing

9 (b)
of the medium
magnetic field depends upon the rate of
4 (c) change of magnetic flux, hence it is non-
Power=I × area=(1.4 ×10 )× 5
3
conservative

Force F=
3
Power 1.4 ×10 ×5
= 10 (b)

U=
8
c 3 ×10 1 1 2 1 1 −12 2
−5
¿ 2.33 ×10 N × ε 0 E = × ×8.85 × 10 ×(2)
2 2 2 2
−12 −3
¿ 8.85 ×10 Jm
The amplitude of the electric and
5 (a)

magnetic fields in free space are related Total power=solar constant × area
11 (c)

by
E0 4 6
=c ¿ 10 × ( 10× 10 )=10 W
B0
Here, E0 =30 Vm , c=3 ×10 ms
Infrared radiations are detected by
−1 8 −1 12 (b)

pyrometer
E0 30 −7
∴ B 0= = 8
=10 T
c 3× 10

The equation of electric field occurring in

14 (d)

Displacement current is given by

6 (a)
Y -direction
dq −8 −1
I d= =1.8 ×10 Cs
dt

P a g e | 16
 ( ) Intensity I =
x pressure p
E y =66 cos 2 π × 1011 t− =
c area 2

=average energy density × velocity

4πr
Therefore, for the magnetic field in Z -
direction 1 2
¿ ε 0 E0 c
Ey 2
Bz =

¿
( 3 ×10
66
8
c

) cos 2 π ×10 (t− cx )

11
∴ E0=
√ 2P
2
4 π ε 0r c
=
√ P
2 π ε0 r2 c

The wavelengths of infrared rays lie

21 (c)
−8
¿ 22 ×10 cos 2 π ×10 ( ) 11
t−
x
c
between 7800 Å to 0.004 cm
cos 2 π ×10 ( t− )
x
¿ 22 ×10−7 11

As v of charged particle is remaining

c 23 (a)

constant, it means force acting on

In an electromagnetic wave, the average
17 (b)
charged particle is zero.
energy density of magnetic field μ B=¿ So,
average energy density of electric filed
q (v × B)=q E
⇒ v × B=E
1 2 E×B
v E = ε 0 E0 ⇒ v= 2
4 B
1 −12 2
¿ ×(8.85 ×10 )× 1
Range, R=√ 2 hr where r is the radius of
4 26 (b)

earth so R ∝h 1/ 2
−12 −3
¿ 2.21 ×10 J m

18 (c)
In vacuum, ε 0=1 27 (d)
In medium, ε =4 E0 9 ×103
So, refractive index
−5
B 0= = =3 ×10 T
c 3 ×108
μ= √ ε /ε 0 =√ 4 /1=2

wavelength
28 (a)
' λ λ
λ= = dQ d
μ 2 i= = ( CV )
dt dt
and wave velocity v= =
c c
dV −12 12
¿C =2 ×10 ×10 =2 A
Hence, it is clear that wavelength and
μ 2
dt
velocity will become half but frequency
remains uncharged when the wave is When thermal radiations (Q) fall on a
29 (b)

passing through any medium. body, they are partly reflected, partly
absorbed and partly transmitted.
19 (d)
Q=Q a+ Qr +Qt
1
And
2
I = ε 0 E0 c Qa Qr Q t
2 + + =a+ r+ t=1
or E2=
√ 2I Q Q Q
ε 0c 15
⇒ + 0.6+ x=1
or 0.1+0.6+ x=1
150
¿
√ 2 ×4
( 8.85× 10 ) ×(3× 10 )
−12 8
=55.5 N C−1
or x=0.3

Transmitting power, t=
Qt
20 (c)
Q

P a g e | 17
 Or
Qt ¿ 1.33 ×10
−10
N
0.3=
150

Using the relation

⇒ Qt =45 J 38 (a)

E0
Intensity or power per unit area of the
30 (a)
c=
radiations,
B0
E0
P= pv B 0=
c
P 9.3
⇒ p= ¿
−8
=3.1 ×10 T
v 3× 10
8

0.5 −8 −2
¿ =0.166 ×10 Nm
Radioactive source, X-ray tube, sodium
3× 10
8 40 (b)

vapour lamp, crystal oscillator

The frequency of Electromagnetic Waves
31 (c)

produced by the oscillator is equal to the

Use method of dimensions. Equating the
41 (a)
frequency of the oscillating particle
ie ,10 Hz . dimensions of two sides we note the
relation
9

32 (c) (a)Is dimensionally correct

Velocity of light, c=
1

On the basis of dual nature of light, Lious

42 (d)
√ μ0 ε 0
or de-Broglie suggested that the dual nature
1 1 2 −2
μ0 ε 0 = = =s m
is not only of light, but each moving
2 −1 2
c (m s )
material particle has the dual nature. He
assumed a wave to be associated with
The wavelength order of the given types
35 (d)

each moving material particle which is

of waves are given below
called the matter wave. The wavelength
Waves Wavelength Range (in meter)
of this wave is determined by the
Gamma rays
momentum of the particle. If p is the
−14 −10
10 −10
IR-rays
momentum of the particle, the
−7 −3
7 ×10 =10
UV-rays10−9−4 × 10−7 wavelength of the wave associated with it
Microwave −4 0
is
Hence, statements (A) and (D) are
10 −10

correct.
h
λ=

Where h is Plank’s constant.

p

Since, it is given that, alpha, beta and

The speed of light in vacuum is given by
36 (c)

gamma rays carry same momentum, so

, where μ0 is permeability and ε 0is they will have same wavelength.
√ 1
μ 0 ε0
permittivity of free space.
Velocity of photon in vacuum is constant
43 (b)

for all frequencies

Radiation force=momentum transferred
37 (c)

per sec by electromagnetic wave to the

A changing electric field produces a
44 (c)
mirror
changing magnetic field and vice−versa
which gives rise to a transverse wave
2 S av A 2× ( 10 ) ×(20 × 10−4 )
¿ =
known as Electromagnetic Wave. The
c (3 ×10 8)

P a g e | 18
 time varying electric and magnetic fields
are mutually perpendicular to each other
8 −1
c=3 × 10 m s

and also perpendicular to the direction of 53 (a)

propagation of this wave. Solar radiations are transverse
Electromagnetic waves. The central core
45 (d) of the sun emits a continuous
Electromagnetic Spectrum.
Energy of a photon E=
hc
λ
Wavelength λ=
hc 54 (c)
∴ 1 1
E c= ∨ =c
2

−34
6.6 × 10 ×3 ×10
8 √ μ0 ε 0 μ 0 ε 0
¿ 2
3
13.2×10 × 1.6 ×10
−19
¿ [ M 0 ¿−1 ] =[M 0 L2 T −2 ]
−10
¿ 0.9375 ×10 m

Speed of Electromagnetic Waves in

56 (c)
¿1 Å
Wavelength range of X-rays is from 10-11
vacuum
m to 10-8 m (0.1 Å¿100 Å).
Therefore, the given electromagnetic
1
¿ =costant
radiation belongs to the X-ray region of √ μ 0 ε0
electromagnetic spectrum.
Number of oscillator in coherence length
57 (c)

Equation second shows that the

46 (c)
l 0.024
electromagnetic wave travels along the
¿ =
λ 5900× 10−10
positive x -axis
6
¿ 4.068 × 10

Electric energy density

47 (b) 58 (d)
μ0 2 i D μ0 d ϕE
B= = × ε0 1
4π r 4π dt 2
ue = ε 0 E rms
μ 0 2 i D μ0 2 d ϕE 2
¿ = × ε0 E
2π r 4π r dt Erms = 0
2
μ 0 ε 0 π r dE μ0 ε 0 r dE √2
¿ = 1 2
2 π rdt 2 dt ue = ε 0 E 0
4
49 (c)
; minimum the wavelength, the
59 (a)
hc
E= d= √ 2 hR∨d ∝h
1 /2

maximum the energy of a λ ray. Therefore 60 (a)

λ

rays have minimum wave length For an Electromagnetic Wave (in

50 (d) vacuum),

Velocity c=
−34 8 1 8 −1
hc 6.6 ×10 ×3 × 10 =3 ×10 ms
V= = =10,000 V √ μ0 ε 0
Air acts almost as vacuum, hence
eλ 1.6 ×10−19 ×10−10

51 (b) a=3(¿)
ψ ( x ,t )=10 sin π ( 3× 10 x −9 ×10 t )
3 6 14

61 (b)

Refractive index¿
3 6 8
¿ 10 sin 3× 10 π (x−3 ×10 t)
Comparing it with the relation
c 0 1/ √ μ0 ε 0
=
c 1 / √ με
( x−ct); We note that
2π
ψ (x ,t )=a sin
λ

P a g e | 19
 √
−6 −3
με ¿ 4.58 × 10 Jm
¿
μ 0 ε0
71 (c)
Using Ampere circuit law, Given, B y =3 ×10
62 (c)
−7 3 12
sin(10 x+ 6.28× 10 t).
B∙ ⃗
∮⃗ dl=μ 0 i D Comparing with the general equation
or B 2 πr=μ i D B y =B0 sin(kx+ ωt)
or B=μ0 i D /2 πr we get k =10
3

or = 103
2π
63 (b) λ
For an EM wave,
E0 2π
=c∨E 0=c B 0 ⇒ λ=
B0 10
3

−3
¿ 6.28 ×10 m
8 −9 −1
¿ 3 ×10 ×510 × 10 NC ¿ 0.63 cm
−1
¿ 153 NC
72 (b)
eV =hc / λ
The direction of propagation of Or λ=hc /eV ie , λ ∝1/V
64 (c)

Electromagnetic Wave is in the plane

perpendicular to both E and B ie , along
The electric displacement field is a vector
74 (d)
E × B.
valued D that accounts for the effects of
bound charges within materials. In
general D is given by
66 (a)
F total+ F ref + F|¿|¿
D=ε 0 E+ P
When E is electric field,ε 0 the vacuum
1.2 P 0.4 P 1.6 P
¿ + =
c c c
1.6 ×200 permittivity and P the polarization density
of the material.
−6
¿ 8
=1.07 ×10 N

In most ordinary terms

3 ×10

The electromagnetic wave being packets

67 (c) D=ε 0 E
When dielectric is present ε =K ε 0
of energy moving with speed of light may
pass through the region
∴ D=K ε 0 E

According to Daun-Hunt law, the

68 (b) 75 (b)

wavelength of X-rays lies between

8 −4 4 −1
E0 =c B0 =3× 10 ×10 =3 ×10 V m
minimum to certain limit
From Maxwell’s Electromagnetic theory,
69 (a)

the Electromagnetic Wave propagation

Energy contained in a cylinder
76 (b)

contains electric and magnetic fields

U =¿ avearge energy density × volume
vibrating perpendicularly to each other .
Hence, changing of electric field gives
1 2
¿ ε 0 E0 × Al
rise to magnetic field.
2
1
¿ × ( 8.85× 10 ) × ( 50 ) × ( 10 ×10 ) ×1
−12 2 −4

70 (a) 2
Total average energy ¿ ε 0 E rms
−11
2
¿ 1.1 ×10 J

All the component of electromagnetic

77 (b)
−12 2
¿ 8.85 ×10 × ( 720 )

P a g e | 20
 spectrum have same velocity, ie ,
current between plates i D = ×π r .
' iD r 2
8 −1 2
3 ×10 ms .
Using Ampere Maxwell’ law we have,
πR

In electromagnetic wave, the average

78 (d)
B∙ ⃗
∮⃗
'
dI =μ 0 i D
value of electric filed or magnetic field is or 2 π r =μ0 i D
μ0 i D r
2
πr
zero
2
∨B= 2
πR 2π R

The ozone layer absorbs ultraviolet

79 (c) 90 (b)

radiations
−12
ε 0 KA (8.85 ×10 )×10 ×1
C= =
d 10−3
−8
¿ 8.85 ×10 F
The X -rays ahs the shortest wavelength
91 (d)
d dV
among the following radiations
−8
i= ( CV )=C =8.85 ×10 ×25
dt dt
¿ 2.2 ×10 A
−6

92 (c)
81 (b) −d ϕ B
∮⃗
E∙⃗
dl=
Q CV
t
=
t
∨i D =C
V
T ( ) dt
or E ×2 πr= ( Kt × π r )=Kπ r
d 2 2

or
V i D 1.0 dt
or E=
−1 6 −1
= = −6 V s =10 V s Kr
t C 10
2

Wavelength,
82 (b)

Energy flowing per sec per unit area from

93 (b)
8 10 −2
λ=c /v =3 ×10 /2 ×10 =1.5 × 10 m
a face is ¿ [ E × B ]. It will be in the
1 ⃗ ⃗
μ0
K. G. Jansky discovered accidently the negative z -direction. It shows that the
85 (a)

radio signals coming from outside the energy will be flowing infaces parallel to
atmosphere and reaching the earth x− y plane and is zero in all other faces.
Total energy flowing per second from a

face in x− y plane¿
86 (a) 2
1( 2 EB a
E=E0 sin ( kx−ωt ) EB sin 90 ° ) a =
Comparing with standard equation we
μ0 μ0

will get
Now a days microwaves are used to
94 (d)
Wavelength =
k
ω locate the flying objects by radar

As B∝ r , since the point is on the axis,

88 (a) 95 (c)

where r =0, so B=0

2 s 2 ×38400 ×1000
t= = =2.5 s
c 3× 10
8

Consider a loop of radius r ( ¿ R ) between

89 (a) 96 (a)

the two circular plates, placed coaxially

−26 −19
m=1 ×10 kg , q=1.6 × 10 C ,

with them. The area of the loop = π r 2

6 −1
v=1.28 ×10 ms
Electric field E=−1024 ×10 3 k^ NC −1
By symmetry magnetic field is equal in
Magnetic field B=8 × 10−2 ^jWbm−2
magnetic at all points on the loop. If i D is
'

the displacement current crossing the

|E| 102.4 × 103 10.24 ×106
= =
loop and i D is the total displacement
|B| 8 ×10−2 8

P a g e | 21
 6
height decreases from 1/ 103 ¿ 1/105 times
that due to the surface of earth
¿ 1.28 ×10
Hence, ¿ v∨¿ ¿ E∨ ¿ ¿
¿ B∨¿ ¿
So, particle will remain undeflected,
Intensity of electromagnetic wave is
102 (d)
hence direction of motion of particle is
along the positive X -axis.
2
P av E 0
I= 2
=
4 π ×r 2 μ0c
Initial momentum of surface
97 (b)
or E0 =
Pi=
E √ μ0 c P av
2π r
2

Where, c = velocity of light (constant).

√
C ( 4 π ×10−7 ) × ( 3 ×108 ) × 800
¿
Since, the surface is perfectly, reflecting,
2
2 π × (4 )
so the same momentum will be reflected
−1
¿ 54.77 V m
completely.
Final momentum The earth’s atmosphere above the height
103 (d)

(negative value) of 80 km up to 400 km is called

E
Ionosphere
Pf =
∴Change in momentum
c

Δ p= pf − pi 104 (a)
d= √ 2 hR∨h=d /2 R
2
E E −2 E
¿− − =
Thus , momentum transferred to the
c c c
107 (c)
surface is
dq d
i= = ( q sin 2 πft ) =q0 2 πf cos 2 πft
dt dt 0
' 2E
Δ p =¿ ∆ p∨¿
c 108 (a)

Here, λ= =
8
c 3× 10
Generally, temperature of human body is
98 (d) =36.6 m
6
v 8.2× 10
37 ℃ , corresponding to which IR and
microwave radiations are emitted from
109 (c)
Here, E=1500Vm−1 , B=0.4 Wbm−2
the human body
Minimum speed of electron along the
99 (d) straight line
d= √ 2 hR E 1500
Population covered
v= = =3750
B 0.4
¿ π d ×population density
3 −1
2 ¿ 3.75 ×10 ms
¿ 3.114 ×( 2× 0.1× 6.37 ×10 )× 1000 ≈ 40 lakh
3
110 (c)
−6 −34
v=E/h=3.3 ×10 /6.6 ×10
Diffraction takes places when the
100 (b)
17
¿ 5 ×10 Hz
wavelength of wave is comparable with
the size of the obstacle in path. The
Given , frequency of EM waves
111 (d)

wavelength of radio waves is greater than

the wavelength of light waves. Therefore,
radio waves are diffracted around
6
v=8.196 ×10 Hz
building Velocity of EM waves 8
(v)=3× 10 m/s
∴Wavelength of EM waves λ=
v

The density of air in mesosphere with

101 (b) V

P a g e | 22
 3 ×10
8
h h
¿ =36.60 m p= =
8.196 ×10
6 λ ( c1 v )
hv E
¿ =
On reflection,
¿ 3660 cm c C

Change in momentum per second

The phase velocity of a wave is rate at
112 (a)

which the phase of the wave propagates

2E
¿ 2 p=
in space. This is the speed at which the We know that,
c

phase of any one frequency component of Change in momentum per second = force
the wave travels. For such a component,
any given phase of the wave will appear
2 E 2× 10
F= =
to travel at the phase velocity. It is given
c 3 ×10 8

in terms of wave’s angular velocity ω and

−8
¿ 6.7 ×10 N

wave number k by v p=
ω 122 (b)
.
k c 3 × 10
8
6 −1
v ferrite= = =3 ×10 m s
√ μr ε r √ 10 ×10 33

The electron placed in the path of

113 (d)
v ferrite 3 ×106
electromagnetic wave will experience
−2
λ ferrite= = =3.33 ×10 m
force due to electric field vector and not
6
v 90 ×10

due to magnetic field vector

The electromagnetic theory of light failed
123 (a)

115 (b) to explain photoelectric effect.

and c=E 0 /B 0
1
c=
Electromagnetic Waves are not deflected
126 (d)
√ μ0 ε 0
in electric and magnetic fields.
Velocity of light in a medium,
116 (b)

The wavelength of X-rays is of the order

128 (b)
1 1
c= =
of 1 Å ¿100 Å . The wavelength of
√ μ0 ε 0 μ r ε r √ με
radiowaves is of the order of 109 Å ¿ 101.4 Å .
Here, kx =θ∨k=θ /x The wavelength of microwaves is of the
118 (c)

And ωt=θ0∨ω=θ 0 /t order of 107 Å ¿ 109 Å .

Thus,
∴ k /ω=t / x=1/( x /t)= , where v is the
λX < λM < λR
The waves with less wave length will have
1

velocity of electromagnetic wave, which more energy.

v

is independent of wavelength of wave but Hence,

depends upon the nature of medium of EX ¿ EM > ER
propagation of wave

The frequency of Electromagnetic Wave

129 (a)

Ultraviolet is absorbed by the ozone

119 (d)
along y−¿direction
layer.
The electric field component of the wave
v=30 MHz

along y -direction.
Let E=¿ Energy falling on the surface per
121 (b)

second = 10 J
−1
E=6 V m
Momentum Of photons

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 Y
Given refractive index
n=1.5
Permeability μ0=5× 10
E
−7

n=√ μ r ε r
v
Y

2
n
ε r=
In Electromagnetic, the ratio of the
Z
μr

amplitudes of electric and magnetic field or

2

( )
n μ0 μ
is always constant and it is equal to
ρ= ∵ μr =
μ μ0
velocity of the Electromagnetic Waves.
or
2 −7
(1.5) ×4 π ×10
ε r=
E 5 ×10−7
or
ie , =c
B ε r=6
or
E 6
B= =
The given wave in an Electromagnetic
c 3× 108 137 (c)
or
Waves. Electromagnetic radiation is a
−8
B=2 ×10 T

self propagating wave in space with

Ozone layer blocks the high energy
130 (b)
electric and magnetic components. These
radiations like UV (3 ×10−7 m) components oscillate at right angles to
each other and to the direction of
propagation.
The relation between electric field vector
134 (c)

E, the displacement vector D and the

polarization vector P for a dielectric
placed in electric field E is given by
D=ε 0 E+ P.

135 (d) Hence, B is along the z -axis at that time.

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Session: 2023-24 Total Questions: 143

JEE/NEET PHYSICS
8.ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

Assertion - Reasoning Type

This section contain(s) 0 questions numbered 1 to 0. Each question contains STATEMENT

1(Assertion) and STATEMENT 2(Reason). Each question has the 4 choices (a), (b), (c) and
(d) out of which ONLY ONE is correct.

a) Statement 1 is True, Statement 2 is True; Statement 2 is correct explanation for

Statement 1

b) Statement 1 is True, Statement 2 is True; Statement 2 is not correct explanation for

Statement 1

c) Statement 1 is True, Statement 2 is False

d) Statement 1 is False, Statement 2 is True

Statement 1: If earth did not have atmosphere, its average surface temperature would
be lower than what is now
Statement 2: Green house effect of the atmosphere would be absent if earth did not
have atmosphere
2

Statement 1: The electromagnetic wave is transverse in nature

Statement 2: The waves propagates in straight line

Statement 1: X-ray astromy is possible only from satellites orbiting the earth

Statement 2: Efficiency of X-rays telescope is large as compared to any other telescope

Statement 1: X −ray Astronomy is possible only from satellites orbiting the earth.

Statement 2: Efficiency of X −rays telescope is large as compared to any other

telescope.
5

Statement 1: Ultraviolet radiations being higher frequency waves are dangerous to

P a g e | 25
 human being
Statement 2: Ultraviolet radiations are absorbed by the atmosphere

Statement 1: Television signals are received through sky-wave propagation

Statement 2: The ionosphere reflects electromagnetic waves of frequencies greater

than a certain critical frequency
7

Statement 1: For cooking in a microwave oven, food is always kept I metal containers.

Statement 2: The energy of microwave is easily transferred to the food in metal

container.
8

Statement 1: Electromagnetic waves exert radiation pressure.

Statement 2: Electromagnetic waves carry energy.

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Session: 2023-24 Total Questions: 143

JEE/NEET PHYSICS
8.ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

: ANSWER KEY :

1) a 2) b 3) b 4) d
5) b 6) b 7) d 8) a

P a g e | 27
Session: 2023-24 Total Questions: 143

JEE/NEET PHYSICS
8.ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

: HINTS AND SOLUTIONS :

The earth’s atmosphere is transparent to

Earth is heated by sun’s infrared visible light and radio waves, but absorbs
1 (a)

radiation. The earth also emits radiation X −rays . Thus, X −rays telescope cannot
most in infrared region. These radiations be used on surface of earth.
are reflected back due to heavy gases like
C O2 by atmosphere. These back radiation 5
Ultraviolet radiations are electromagnetic
(b)
keep the earth’s surface warm at night.
waves. The wavelength of these waves
This phenomenon is called green house
ranges between 4000 Å to 100 Å that is of
effect. When the atmosphere were absent
smaller wavelength and higher
then temperature of earth falls
frequency. They are absorbed by ozone
layer of stratosphere in atmosphere. They
The electromagnetic wave contains cause skin disease and they are harmful
2 (b)

sinusoidally time varying electric and to eye and cause permanent blindness
magnetic fields which act perpendicularly
to each other as well as at right angle
In sky wave propagation the radio waves
6 (b)

(90 ° ) to the direction of propagation of

which have frequency between 2 MHz to
waves, so it is quite clear that
30 MHz, are reflected back to the ground
electromagnetic waves are transverse in
by the ionosphere. But radio waves
nature. The field may be represented as
having frequency greater than 30 MHz
cannot be reflected by the ionosphere
( ) because at this frequency they penetrates
x
E=E0 sin ω t−
the ionosphere. It makes the sky wave
v

propagation less reliable for propagation

( xv )
B=B0 sin ω t−
of TV signal having frequency greater
than 30 MHz

The earth’s atmosphere is transparent to Critical frequency is defined as the

3 (b)

visible light and radio waves, but absorbs highest frequency that is returned to the
X-rays. Thus, X-rays. Thus, X-rays earth by the ionosphere. Thus, above this
telescope cannot be used on surface of frequency a wave whether it is
earth electromagnetic will penetrate the
ionosphere and in not reflected by it
4 (d)

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