Chapter 4
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DORNIER 228-200
Date: 31/05/2016
Edition: 01 Revision: 02
IV. EMERGENCIES
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Chapter 4
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DORNIER 228-200
Date: 31/05/2016
Edition: 01 Revision: 02
TABLE OF CONTENT
II. EMERGENCIES....................................................................................................................... 1
TABLE OF CONTENT.................................................................................................................. 2
4.1. General........................................................................................................................... 3
4.2. Engine Failure Procedures.............................................................................................. 3
4.2.1. Precautionary Engine Shutdown..............................................................................4
4.2.2. Engine Fire................................................................................................................4
4.2.3. Aborted Engine Start................................................................................................ 5
4.2.3.1. Hung Start.......................................................................................................... 5
4.2.4 Engine Fire on Ground.........................................................................................6
4.3. Cabin Fire on Ground......................................................................................................6
4.4. Electrical Fire on Ground................................................................................................ 6
4.5. Engine Bog Down............................................................................................................6
4.6. Hydraulic and Gear......................................................................................................... 7
4.6.1. Emergency Gear Extension.......................................................................................7
4.6.2. Landing With NWS Problems....................................................................................8
4.7. Ditching...........................................................................................................................8
4.1. General
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DORNIER 228-200
Date: 31/05/2016
Edition: 01 Revision: 02
This chapter describes company procedures for emergency and/or abnormal situations. It is
very important to be thoroughly familiar with all critical emergencies. Immediate action and
by-heart items are in bold print. Before performing any checklist, the cockpit crew must
clearly determine which abnormality or emergency exists and therefor which checklist is
applicable. Accordingly, an A & E checklist will be requested by the PF once: the aircraft’s
flight path has stabilised and is under control, the aircraft is not in a critical stage of flight
(take-off, landing), and the MEMORY ITEMS have been completed.
4.2. Engine Failure Procedures
During any phase of flight, if either of the crew observes an engine failure, whether from
directional yaw or engine instruments he/she will call. ”ENGINE FAILURE”. This statement
will immediately prompt the correct series of actions to be taken depending on the phase of
flight.
Engine failure Below V1/Vr. The takeoff must be aborted Upon recognition
- PF /PNF Calls Abort, abort
- PF Maintain directional control, PL, GI, REV, brakes apply
- PF Below 30 Kts call for SL LOW
- Capt Review situation, shut down the faulty engine
- Capt Set park brake on, Calls for ”Eng failure before V1 checklist”
Engine Failure at or above V1/Vr
- PF /PNF Calls : Engine Failure
- PF Calls for: max power. Then observing VSI, while PNF sets full power.
- PF Calls: Gear up. PNF selects Gear Up
- PF Obtain V2
- PF Determine left/right engine failure. PNF will place his hand on the appropriate
Power-lever and ask the PF for confirmation.
- PF Confirms left/right power-levers and commands Right/left to ”flight idle”.
PNF moves right/left to FI . The same procedure applies to the Speed lever. PF visually
confirms SL right/left and commands SL right/left ”shut-off and feather”
- PNF Calls for 400 ft above ground /100 KIAS
- PF Calls: Flap up. And increase airspeed to Vyse and calls for Engine failure
checklist.
-PNF confirms Gear up- and proceeds with the engine failure checklist and engine
secure procedure.
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DORNIER 228-200
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Edition: 01 Revision: 02
4.2.1. Precautionary Engine Shutdown
It may be necessary to shut down one engine due to critical situation such oil pressure etc.
or just for training purpose. The PNF should read out loud through the appropriate checklist
and then proceed with the actions while starting then one by one. Again it is important for
the PF to observe that the desired engine is being shut down.
1. Synchrophaser Off
2. Power lever Below ITT of 800C
3. Starter switch Stop
4. At appx. 50% prior to 30% RPM Speed lever Feather
5. Generator Off
6. Boost pump Off
7. Bleed Air Off
8. Crossfeed Consider to maintain fuel balance
4.2.2. Engine Fire
The PNF will read out through the checklist before proceeding with actions unless an
immediate airstart is performed. The items on the checklist is described in Kato Airline AS
Quick reference handbook.
Engine fire after V1( Memory Items)
- PNF/PF Engine Fire right/left –engine !
- PF Max. power
- PNF Positive Climb
- PF Gear up
- PF Maintains V2
- PNF 400ft/ +100 KIAS
- PF Take action –eng. fire right/left
- PNF Acknowledges right/left engine
- PF PF visually confirms PL right/left and commands ”flight Idle”
- PNF Moves PL right/left to FI –checks low torque.
The same procedure applies to the Speed lever.
- PF Visually confirms SL right/left and commands SL right/left shut-off and
feather.
- PNF Fire cock left/right close
Bleed-air left/right Ram –air
Air-condition off
Fire handle right/left – pull and turn (only if necessary)
- PF Engine Fire checklist
- PNF Continues with checklist and secures the engine
- PNF Declare an emergency to ATC – CA briefing
Emergency and abnormal situation ground (memory items)
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DORNIER 228-200
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Edition: 01 Revision: 02
On ground, all memory items are done by the captain and monitored by the co-pilot
4.2.3. Aborted Engine Start
Reasons and call –outs
- Start sequence does not begin ”NO ROTATION”
- Batt. temp warning ”BATT.TEMP.WARNING”
- RPM does not exceed 10% ” 10% SPEED SWITCH FAIL”
4.2.3.1. Hung Start
- No ITT rise within 10 sec. After reaching 10% RPM on cold engine or 5 sec on a warm
engine.
- No ITT rise until 20% RPM
- Any unusual noise of vibration
- ITT approaches 1149 Celsius or rises rapidly ” HOT START”.
Actions to be done.
Automatic start:
- Start switch STOP
- Gen. Switch non-affected eng. ON, if it was turned off for a second engine start using
battery power.
- Power Lever affected engine REVERSE to ensure START –LOCKS
- Refers to VENTILATION or DRY MOTORING CYCLE
Manual start:
- Ignition switch OFF
- Complete the procedure as outlined at automatic start
Electrical failure: (GPU –failure)
- Eng.Speed lever SHUT OFF
- Power Lever (aff.eng.) REVERSE
- Boost pump OFF
- Refer to VENTILATION or DRY MOTORING CYCLE
4.2.4 Engine Fire on Ground
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DORNIER 228-200
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Edition: 01 Revision: 02
- Capt/co-pilot ENGINE FIRE RIGHT/LEFT ENGINE
- Cancel warning
- Park aircraft so that the fire is downwind from fuselage (if times allows)
- Stop the Aircraft, set park brake ON.
- FIRE COCK switches CLOSE
- Bleed air switches OFF
- Power Levers to REVERSE after flame out and RPM at 60% to 30%
- Start selector to VENT
If the fire still persists
- Fire Handle Pull and Turn
- CO-pilot - PA announcement to disembark passengers –keep left/right Side Closed
- MASTER SWITCH OFF
- Evacuate Aeroplane
4.3. Cabin Fire on Ground
- Stop the aircraft
- Engines – normal shut down
- Advice ATC
- Fight fire with portable extinguisher
- Review situation
- PA announcement to disembark passengers
- MASTER switch OFF and evacuate.
4.4. Electrical Fire on Ground
- Stop the Aircraft, set park brake ON
- MASTER switch OFF
- Engine shut down
- Evacuate aeroplane
4.5. Engine Bog Down
- Stop the Aircraft, set park brake ON
- Eng. speed lever affected engine(s) SHUT OFF
- Power Lever REVERSE to engage prop start locks ( if unsuccessful use SL-LOW and UNF
pump switch)
- Start selector switch VENT
- Perform VENTILATION or DRY MOTORING CYCLE
- Order CHECKLIST ENGINE BOG DOWN
Note
BOG DOWN CONDITION
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Edition: 01 Revision: 02
SL-LOW:RPM< 65% Power Lever aft of FI; static condition
SL-HIGH: RPM < 90%; Power Lever INTO rev/beta; AIRSPEED< 30KIAS
Electrical Fire in Flight
Cockpit / Cabin fires are mostly due to electrical system failure. If smoke is severe begin
immediately a descent for landing. If the source of fire is difficult to locate and isolate
immediately shut down all unessential electrical equipment until smoke and fire are
suppressed. One at a time, reinstate the electrical systems. Allowing a pause between each
system to determine the source of the fire if there is only smoke present proceed with the
smoke removal procedure.
If the Bat. Bus 1 is isolated Hydraulic must be in Man On and the Tie Switch in either Tie or
Batt Bus 1 position in order for the hydraulic system to operate. Torque and ITT will have to
be kept within limits manually.
- PNF Isolate source
- PNF Faulty Equipment Off
- PNF Corresponding C/B`s pull
If fire or smoke persists
- PNF Air-condition Master Off
- PNF Air-condition selector Ram Air
- PNF Demisting Slider up
If fire or smoke persists in VMC:
- PNF Master Switch Off
- PNF Right Generator Off
If Fire/smoke persists in IMC:
- PNF Tie Switch to Bus 1
- PNF Right Generator Off
- PNF Quick Reference handbook – Read and Do
4.6. Hydraulic and Gear
4.6.1. Emergency Gear Extension
Two different gear extension systems are in use. The Basic Hydraulic system and the Mod 1
Hydraulic system. In case of the Basic Hydraulic system failure proceed as follows:
- PF Airspeed below 160 Kts
- PNF Gear Lever Down
- PNF Hydraulic Off
- PNF Hand Pump activates until 3 green gear lights
In case of MOD 1 Hydraulic system
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DORNIER 228-200
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Edition: 01 Revision: 02
- PF Airspeed below 160 Kts
- PNF Gear Lever down
- PNF Hydraulic Off
- PNF Emergency Gear Handle, remove safety clip and pull. Check 3 green.
4.6.2. Landing With NWS Problems
NWS 45 Caution Light ON after takeoff:
- PF Rudder Pedals centred
- PNF NWS Switch in Bypass
- PNF gear up
NWS 45 Caution Light ON before landing:
- PF Rudder Pedals centred
- PNF NWS Switch in Bypass
- PNF Gear Down – proceed with normal checks
- PNF Quick Reference Handbook – Read and DO.
4.7. Ditching
Use good judgement inform passengers about:
Putting on Life Jackets but not to inflate inside cabin
Fasten Seat Belts
Assume crash position
Use of window emergency exits
Not to open pax/cargo door to delay water filling of the cabin.
Proceed as follows:
PNF Passenger briefing perform
PF Reduce fuel load by burning as much as practical
PNF Gear Up and checked
PNF Flaps maximum available
After touch down:
PF Control coumn full aft
PNF Fire Cocks close
PNF Evacuate! Inflate Life Jackets outside when clear of aircraft.
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DORNIER 228-200
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Edition: 01 Revision: 02
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