📓 Daily ML Algorithm Revision Guide (30 Minutes)
🔢 Total Algorithms: 15
• Supervised: Linear Regression, Logistic Regression, Ridge, Lasso, SVM, SVR, Decision Tree,
Random Forest, AdaBoost, XGBoost, Naive Bayes, KNN
• Unsupervised: K-Means, Hierarchical, DBSCAN
① Linear Regression (Supervised - Regression)
• Goal: Predict continuous values
• Formula: y = β₀ + β₁x₁ + ... + βₑxₑ
• Loss Function: Mean Squared Error (MSE)
• Key Concept: Find the best-fit line that minimizes squared error
• One-liner: "Draw the line that best fits the dots"
• Use: House price prediction, sales forecasting
• Pros: Simple, interpretable
• Cons: Assumes linearity, sensitive to outliers
② Logistic Regression (Supervised - Classification)
• Goal: Predict class (yes/no)
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• Formula: P (y = 1∣x) = 1+e −z , where z = βx
• Loss: Binary Cross-Entropy
• One-liner: "Draws the best curve to separate 0s and 1s"
• Use: Email spam detection, disease prediction
• Pros: Fast, works well for linearly separable data
• Cons: Not good for complex boundaries
③ Ridge Regression (Regularized Linear Regression)
• Adds: L2 penalty: λ ∑ β 2
• Purpose: Reduce overfitting (high variance)
• One-liner: "Penalize big weights to simplify the model"
④ Lasso Regression (Regularized Linear Regression)
• Adds: L1 penalty: λ ∑ ∣β∣
• Purpose: Shrinks some coefficients to zero (feature selection)
• One-liner: "Like Ridge, but also removes unimportant features"
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⑤ SVM (Support Vector Machine - Classification)
• Goal: Find the best boundary (hyperplane) between classes
• Margin: Maximize distance between boundary and nearest points
• One-liner: "Smartest wall between two groups"
• Use: Image classification, bioinformatics
• Pros: High accuracy, works with non-linear data (kernel trick)
• Cons: Slow for large data
⑥ SVR (Support Vector Regression)
• Goal: Predict continuous values within a tolerance margin ε
• Concept: Fit line that stays within ε-tube of data
• One-liner: "Fit line that ignores small errors"
• Use: Stock price prediction, trend forecasting
⑦ Decision Tree (Classification & Regression)
• Idea: Tree-like structure, split by feature that gives most info gain
• Metrics: Entropy, Gini, Information Gain
• One-liner: "Ask questions like 20-questions game"
• Use: Rule-based decisions, credit risk
• Pros: Easy to understand
• Cons: Overfitting if not pruned
⑧ Random Forest (Ensemble - Bagging)
• Many trees + voting/averaging
• One-liner: "A forest of random trees is better than one"
• Pros: High accuracy, handles missing values
• Cons: Slower than single tree
⑨ AdaBoost (Ensemble - Boosting)
• Boosts weak learners
• Idea: Give more weight to wrongly predicted samples
• One-liner: "Focus more on mistakes each time"
• Use: Classification problems with noise
⑩ XGBoost (Extreme Gradient Boosting)
• Improved AdaBoost with regularization and speed
• One-liner: "Fast and powerful boosting machine"
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• Use: Kaggle competitions, tabular data
⑪ Naive Bayes (Classification)
• Based on: Bayes Theorem + strong independence assumption
P (B∣A)P (A)
• Formula: P (A∣B) =
P (B)
• One-liner: "Past helps guess the future"
• Use: Spam filters, sentiment analysis
⑫ K-Means Clustering (Unsupervised)
• Idea: Group data into k clusters based on distance to centroid
• Steps: Initialize k centers → assign points → update centers
• One-liner: "Divide into groups based on closeness"
• Use: Customer segmentation, image compression
⑬ Hierarchical Clustering (Unsupervised)
• Build tree of clusters (dendrogram)
• Types: Agglomerative (bottom-up) or Divisive (top-down)
• One-liner: "Build family tree of data groups"
• Use: Gene analysis, small data grouping
⑭ DBSCAN (Unsupervised)
• Density-based clustering
• No need for K
• Key: Epsilon (radius), MinPts (density)
• One-liner: "Groups by crowd, ignores the lonely"
• Use: Outlier detection, spatial clustering
✅ Daily 30-Minute Review Plan
Time Focus Area
0-10m Regression (Linear, Ridge, Lasso, SVR)
10-20m Classification (Logistic, SVM, Naive Bayes, Tree, RF, Boosting)
20-30m Clustering (K-Means, Hierarchical, DBSCAN)
Revise one-liners ✉️, key use cases, and pros & cons daily.
